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Insecta: Coleoptera) De México Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 92 (2021): e923689 Taxonomía y sistemática Listado de Oedemeridae (Insecta: Coleoptera) de México Checklist of Oedemeridae (Insecta: Coleoptera) of Mexico Daniel Edwin Domínguez-León a, b y Santiago Zaragoza-Caballero a, * a Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Biología, Departamento de Zoología, Apartado postal 70-153, 04510 Ciudad de México, México b Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Edificio D, 1º Piso. Circuito de Posgrados, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 Ciudad de México, México *Autor para correspondencia: [email protected] (S. Zaragoza-Caballero) Recibido: 31 julio 2020; aceptado: 17 octubre 2020 Resumen Se presenta un listado actualizado de la familia Oedemeridae en México a partir de la revisión de la Colección Nacional de Insectos (CNIN) y la Florida State Collection of Arthropods (FSCA). Para cada especie se proporcionan el nombre válido, la sinonimias y su distribución geográfica. Se reconocen 3 subfamilias, 3 tribus, 14 géneros y 77 especies, de las cuales Oxacis albolineata, O. sericea, Oxycopis notoxoides, Paroxacis interrita y P. recendita se reportan por primera vez para México. Además, se incorporan 95 registros nuevos a nivel estatal. Los estados con mayor número de especies registradas son: Veracruz (23 especies, 9 géneros), Baja California Sur (20, 4), Sonora (18, 3) y Oaxaca (17, 5). Las provincias con mayor riqueza de especies son: la Veracruzana (27 especies, 8 géneros), Tierra Bajas del Pacífico (21, 7) y Baja Californiana (20, 4). El género con mayor número de especies y distribución es Oxacis (32 especies). El conocimiento de Oedemeridae es limitado, por lo que se requieren más estudios sistemáticos, ecológicos y biogeográficos. Palabras clave: Taxonomía; Tenebrionoidea; Oxacis; Distribución; Biogeografía Abstract An updated list of the family Oedemeridae in Mexico is presented based on the review from the Colección Nacional de Insectos (CNIN) and the Florida State Collection of Arthropods (FSCA). For each species, the valid name, synonymies and geographical distribution are provided. A total of 3 subfamilies, 3 tribes, 14 genera and 77 species are recognized, of which Oxacis albolineata, O. sericea, Oxycopis notoxoides, Paroxacis interrita and P. recendita are reported for the first time in the country. Additionally, 95 new records are incorporated at the state level. The states with the highest number of species recorded are: Veracruz (23 species, 9 genera), Baja California Sur (20, 4), Sonora (18, 3) and Oaxaca (17, 5). The provinces with the highest richness are: the Veracruzan (27 species, 8 ISSN versión electrónica: 2007-8706; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Biología. Open Access bajo la licencia CC BY-NC-ND (4.0) https://doi.org/10.22201/ib.20078706e.2021.92.3689 D.E. Domínguez-León, S. Zaragoza-Caballero / Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 92 (2021): e923689 2 https://doi.org/10.22201/ib.20078706e.2021.92.3689 genera), Pacific Lowlands (21, 7) and Baja California (20, 4). The genus with the highest number of species and the widest distribution is Oxacis (32 especies). The knowledge of Oedemeridae is limited, so that a significant increase in systematic, ecological and geographic information is necessary. Keywords: Taxonomy; Tenebrionoidea; Oxacis; Distribution; Biogeography Introducción los ángulos anterolaterales agudos o redondeados; prosterno con el proceso intercoxal de ordinario poco desarrollado; Las especies de la familia Oedemeridae Latreille, 1810 fórmula tarsal 5-5-4; patas largas y delgadas, excepto en (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) son conocidas comúnmente machos de algunas especies que tienen el metafémur dilatado; como “falsos escarabajos vesicantes” (Kriska, 2002). La y el édeago corresponde al tipo heteromeroide derivado, con biología de la mayoría de las especies de edeméridos tegmen dorsal que carece de una pieza basal diferenciada es desconocida. Durante el día, los adultos usualmente (Arnett, 1951; Kriska, 2002; Lawrence y Slipinski, 2010; se encuentran en flores de las familias Asparagaceae, Vázquez, 1993). Las larvas son alargadas, cilíndricas y Arecaceae y Cactaceae, alimentándose de polen (Arnett, escasamente esclerotizadas; con gula diferenciada pero 1951). Los adultos presentan fototropismo positivo muy corta, cápsula cefálica de ordinario asimétrica con (Arnett, 1951; Vázquez, 1993). Las larvas son observadas prehipofaringe prominente y cubierta de sedas, y tórax comúnmente en troncos y raíces muertas, alimentándose con ampollas tergales y abdomen con espiráculos anulares de materia vegetal en descomposición (Arnett, 1951; (Rozen, 1958, 1960; Vázquez, 1993). Kriska, 2002; Lawrence y Slipinski, 2010; Muller, 1883; La familia Oedemeridae se distribuye a nivel mundial Rozen, 1960; Vázquez, 1993). Algunas especies, como (Lawrence et al., 1999), principalmente en las regiones Nacerdes melanura (Linnaeus, 1758), ocasionan graves tropicales (Vázquez, 1993). La familia se divide en daños en madera de lugares húmedos como muelles 3 subfamilias: Polypriinae Lawrence, 2005 (fig. 1a), (Arnett, 1951; Rozen, 1960). Por otra parte, las especies Calopodinae Costa, 1852 (fig. 1b) y Oedemerinae del género Oxacis LeConte, 1866 han sido consideradas Latreille, 1810, esta última conformada por las tribus de importancia médica, debido a que ocasionalmente Asclerini Gistel, 1848 (fig. 1c-f), Ditylini Mulsant, 1858 causan ampollas en la piel de seres humanos debido a la (fig. 1g, h), Nacerdini Mulsant, 1858 (fig. 1i), Oedemerini segregación de cantaridina (Vaurie, 1951). Históricamente, Latreille, 1810 y Stenostomatini Mulsant, 1858 (Bouchard este compuesto químico se ha utilizado como tratamiento et al., 2011; Lawrence, 2005). Actualmente se conocen dermatológico, afrodisíaco y abortivo; actualmente, se 115 géneros y 1,500 especies de edeméridos (Britton, ha propuesto como un potencial tratamiento antitumoral 1970; Vázquez, 1993). En la región Neotropical se tiene (Moed et al., 2001; Rauh et al., 2007). registro de 28 géneros y 307 especies (Navarrete-Heredia La familia Oedemeridae ha sido considerada como un y Fierros-López, 2001). El primer registro en México es grupo con una posición incierta dentro de la superfamilia el realizado en la obra “Biologia Centrali-Americana” Tenebrionoidea Latreille, 1802 (Crowson, 1955). (Champion, 1890). Posteriormente, en la mitad del siglo Lawrence y Newton (1982) mencionan que la familia XX, su conocimiento se vio incrementado por Arnett podría formar un grupo monofilético con Stenotrochelidae (1951, 1953, 1956a, 1956b, 1960, 1963, 1964, 1965), con Thomson, 1859 y Meloidae Gyllenhal, 1810, basándose algunas descripciones de especies en el norte del país. en las similitudes entre algunas larvas, la producción de Hasta el momento no hay estudios sistemáticos, cantaridina y la presencia de una pequeña almohadilla en ecológicos y biogeográficos actualizados de esta familia la base de la uña pretarsal. en México. El objetivo de este artículo es elaborar un Los Oedemeridae constituyen un grupo muy heterogéneo, listado de especies de Oedemeridae registradas en México, pero se distinguen por la combinación de las siguientes conocer la riqueza específica de cada provincia y obtener características: talla de 5 hasta 20 mm, cuerpo elongado, un acercamiento a su distribución. ligeramente aplanado; cabeza más estrecha que el tórax; los ojos pueden ser completos o con una emarginación Materiales y métodos pequeña o hendida; antenas filiformes o aserradas con once antenómeros; pronoto moderadamente más ancho en la parte La información taxonómica y de distribución de las anterior o subrectángular, ligeramente escotado en la parte especies se obtuvo a través de una revisión exhaustiva media; élitros con número de costillas variable (2-4), o en de literatura especializada (listados, catálogos, revisiones algunos casos ausentes; cavidades procoxales abiertas, con taxonómicas y fuentes en línea). Además, se incluye D.E. Domínguez-León, S. Zaragoza-Caballero / Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 92 (2021): e923689 3 https://doi.org/10.22201/ib.20078706e.2021.92.3689 Figura1. Hábitos en vista dorsal: a) Polypria, b) Sparedrus, c) Diplectroides, d) Oxycopis, e) Paroxacis, f) Vasaces, g) Ditylonia, h) Sisenes e i) Nacerdes. información recabada en la Colección Nacional de Insectos Adicionalmente, para cada especie se proporcionan sus (CNIN) y la Florida State Collection of Arthropods sinónimos, la distribución estatal, la región, la provincia (FSCA). La lista de especies se presenta de acuerdo al biogeográfica y la referencia de donde se obtuvo la arreglo supragenérico de Bouchard et al. (2011), con información. Los estados marcados con un asterisco (*) los géneros y especies organizados alfabéticamente. representan registros nuevos para las especies. D.E. Domínguez-León, S. Zaragoza-Caballero / Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 92 (2021): e923689 4 https://doi.org/10.22201/ib.20078706e.2021.92.3689 Las regiones y provincias siguen el criterio de Morrone Tabla 1 et al. (2017), las abreviaturas utilizadas son: región Neártica Distribución regional de los géneros de Oedemeridae en México. (NEA), que incluye las provincias: Baja Californiana Neártica Zona de Neotropical (BC), Californiana (CA), Desierto Chihuahuense (DC), Trans. Sonorense (SO) y Tamaulipeca (TM); la Zona de Transición Mexicana (ZTM), que comprende las Tierras Diplectroides Altas de Chiapas (AC), Sierra Madre Occidental (SC), Diplectrus Sierra Madre Oriental (SR),
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