1 CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION A. Research Background Film Or

perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id 1 CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION A. Research Background Film or movie is one of entertainments that many people mostly like. Movies are usually broadcasted through television, internet, cinema, and in the form VCD or DVD as a popular form of entertainment for parents, teenagers and kids. Along its development, movies do not only serve as entertainment; movies are usually used as an education medium for children. Especially English movies now are available in many countries around the world. The English movies help children to motivate and increase their vocabulary and ability in speaking English. Film also teaches them how to use proper word in the right context. Therefore, the translator especially film translator has role to provide people need in understanding film content. Translation basically is the process of transferring messages from a source language to a target language, in the form of speech or writing and oral. In the process, the translator also shifts the culture. Generally, translation is in the form of written or printed text, such translation for book, novel or document. But film’s or movie’s translation is different; it is called subtitling or dubbing. Within the existence of subtitle and dubbing, both of them are translation terms for translating language in audio visual communication media forms such as in a film, or television’s program. According to Karamitroglou, subtitle can be defined as the translation of the spoken (written)commit tosource user text of film product into a written perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id 2 target text which is added onto the images of the original product, usually at the bottom of the screen. While dubbing refers into following definition, as a specific technique attempts to cover entirely the spoken text with a target text adjusted to fit the-visual-lip movements of the original utterances (Karamitroglou, 2000). By those definitions, we can conclude that subtitling is translating source language into text in a form of text on the screen, while dubbing is in a form of spoken. Nevertheless, in this research the writer had focused only in subtitling of proper names found in Tinker Bell serial movies. This research is about Disney animation serial movie, Tinker Bell. Tinker Bell is a 2008 computer fiction animated film based on the Disney Fairies franchise produced by Disney Toon Studios. She is fairy character created by J. M. Barrie in his play Peter Pan, or The Boy Who Wouldn't Grow Up in 1904, and featured in the 1953 Disney animated film, Peter Pan and its 2002 sequel Return to Never Land. Unlike Disney's two Peter Pan films featuring the character, which were produced primarily using traditional animation, Tinker Bell was produced using digital 3D modeling. The film was released on DVD and Blue-ray by Walt Disney Home Video th on September 18 , 2008. Tinker Bell serial movie consist of four series: Tinker Bell Enter the World of Fairies (2008), Tinker Bell and The Lost Treasure (2009), Tinker Bell and The Great Fairy Rescue (2010), and the newest series Tinker Bell Secret of the Wings (2012). Like other fiction children story in Tinker Bell serial movies, there are many imaginative illustration, unique elements about fairy world tale. They are character of fairies, places and unusual objects.commit Therefore to user there are many translation techniques perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id 3 used in Tinker Bell serial movies subtitle that are kept in source language or translated into target language in order to get target audience understanding and fulfill their satisfaction after watching this movie. The aim of subtitling is helping the viewers, mainly children to enjoy the film’s content naturally. Translator deals with the spoken words of the character, cultural aspect and should be able to uphold the characters and specific content such as names, places, or things that appears in the film into the target language using appropriate diction. Translator uses an appropriate diction to meet best-qualified subtitle which is accurate, acceptable, and readable. Therefore the reason why this research conducted is to analyze the classification of proper names found in Tinker Bell serial movies and translation technique applied in translating proper names. The examples are below: Example 1: ST : Okay, try it now, Cheese. Yeah, that’s it! Keep going! Keep going! TT : Coba sekarang, Keju. Ya, seperti itu! Ya, seperti itu! Teruskan! The dialogue above happened between Tinker Bell and Cheese. Tinker asks him to try a boat paddle. Cheese is one of mice in Pixie Hollow. He always helps and serves tinker fairies to do their daily duty. He is named cheese because he always comes if somebody says cheese to call him and tinker fairies sometimes put cheese in front of him to attract him to ask his help. But his actual name may not be cheese and he only wants to eat cheese. commit to user perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id 4 The word in bold is a proper name for pet name. The translator of Tinker Bell serial movies applied rendition technique for translating Cheese. Cheese is translated literally into Keju as the most common meaning in Indonesia. Unfortunately, the word Keju seems less acceptable. The writer thinks it will be more attractive and unique for children if we keep the character’s name because the character name is taken from character preference that like to eat cheese. The other example of proper names and its translation is as follows: The example 2: ST : You do know the Minister of Autumn? TT : Kau tentu kenal Menteri Musim Gugur? The word in bold is a kind of proper name title used without names. The conversation above happened when Queen Clarion introduces Tinker Bell to Minister of Autumn who is responsible to the autumn occasion in Pixie Hollow and autumn in the mainland. The proper name of proper name title used without names above consists of two words. Both words have common meaning in bahasa Indonesia. The word minister and autumn are accurately translated using rendition technique. The word Minister is translated into menteri and Autumn is translated into musim gugur. They are translated into Menteri Musim Gugur without changing the pattern. The translator translates them accurately but they are less acceptable. It is because the term of Menteri Musim Gugur does not exist in TT. In Tinker Bell, Minister of Autumn (Menteri Musim Gugur) refers to a person who becomes a chief commander in autumn, to lead and to be in chargecommit of bring to usering autumn in the mainland. In TT, we perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id 5 have both terms of Menteri and Musim Gugur; Menteri means the principal of certain government department or ministry who helps president to do internal or external affair of government issues, while Autumn means a climate after summer and before winter happens in the region that has four seasons. But in TT they cannot be put in together in one phrase and also in real life Minister of Autumn is not exist. However, subtitling for kids or children as the target readers is not easy. As a good translators, they should be able to provide simple subtitle and should not lose the story content of the movie and keep considering the setting of movies. Sometimes translator does not qualify the acceptability aspect because some of terms or dictions in children literature are not available in TT language. To make the explanation clearer, the following are other examples from the Tinker Bell serial movies: Example 3: ST : Those fairies on the Mainland won’t be able to fly without Pixie Dust! TT : Peri di daratan tak bisa terbang tanpa serbuk peri! On the example above, we can find two proper names, the mainland and Pixie Dust. The Mainland here is a proper name of place, but in this movie the place is different according to the Tinker Bell serial movie. The Mainland is human habitat outside Pixie Hollow. It is a very special place for all of fairies. But, only certain fairy, that is season fairies, can enter mainland. Pixie dust is one of unusual magical objects. It is blinked-golden powder coming out from pixie dust tree. Itcommit is an important to user powder for the fairies. They get perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id 6 pixie dust to re-charge their energy from Pixie Dust-Keeper. They use it for flying and doing their daily activities like digging a soil, fertilizing plants, coloring bugs, using their magic, etc. The word the Mainland is translated literally using rendition technique into daratan. The used of word daratan is less accurate. Because in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI) daratan means darat (n) bagian permukaan bumi yang padat; tanah tidak digenangi air (sebagai lawan dari laut atau air). Nevertheless it is still acceptable since in the movies Mainland is illustrated as only-human-livings place. The word pixie dust is also translated using rendition into serbuk peri. The word dust is translated into serbuk as the common meaning in Indonesia. And the word pixie already has a meaning in TT as peri. It is translated accurately, acceptably, and readably as the context seen in the movie that pixie dust looks like golden- glittered grain or powder that only exist in fairy world and it can be used only by fairies. Those techniques can obviously affect the acceptability and readability levels of the translation result. Movie translators for children animation movie do not only transfer ST into TT or shift the culture, but also should be able make a relevant subtitle with imaginative character and illustration to get qualified subtitle and make the audiences understand the story of the movie.

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