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Biological Inventory for Conservation of Great Lakes Islands: 2002 Inventory and Final Report

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Biological Inventory for Conservation of Great Lakes Islands: 2002 Inventory and Final Report Biological Inventory for Conservation of Great Lakes Islands: 2002 Inventory and Final Report Prepared by: Michael R. Penskar, Yu Man Lee, Michael A. Kost, Daria A. Hyde, John J. Paskus, David L. Cuthrell, Helen D. Enander Michigan Natural Features Inventory P.O. Box 30444 Lansing, MI 48909-7944 For: Michigan Coastal Management Program Environmental Science and Services Division Coastal Management Program Grant # 02-309-03 Submitted December 31, 2002 Report Number 2002-27 This project was funded in part under the Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972, as amended, with funds provided through the Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource Management, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce and the Michigan Coastal Management Program, Environmental Science and Services Division, Michigan Department of Environmental Quality. Executive Summary In 1998, Michigan Natural Features Marquette Island did not result in the Inventory (MNFI) initiated a multi-year project identification of occurrences, although several to conduct biological inventories for the areas of potential habitat remain for future conservation of Great Lakes islands. The examination. fundamental goal of this project was to Plant Surveys: Rare plant surveys resulted systematically examine selected Great Lakes in the documentation of five new rare plant islands, compile comprehensive information on occurrences and the updating of nine previously natural features and significant biodiversity known occurrences. New occurrences identified areas, and then convey this information in the for Bois Blanc Island included the federal and most useful form for landowner education and state threatened Houghton’s goldenrod, beauty conservation planning purposes. sedge, Lake Huron tansy, and limestone oak In 2002 MNFI completed a fifth and final fern, the latter constituting the first known year of inventory and conservation outreach. record for the island. Updated Bois Blanc Inventories focused on surveys of Bois Blanc records included occurrences for the federal and Island and several islands in the Les Cheneaux state threatened Pitcher’s thistle, Lake Huron chain, the latter including Marquette, La Salle, tansy, the federal and state threatened dwarf lake Little La Salle, and Government islands. A iris, butterwort, and pale Indian plantain. In the conservation outreach workshop was presented Les Cheneaux islands, we discovered a new on Bois Blanc Island, followed by a massasauga record for Houghton’s goldenrod and updated workshop and a field trip to selected natural previously known occurrences of dwarf lake iris community sites, with an emphasis on shoreline and Houghton’s goldenrod. habitats. An analysis of the five-year project was Natural Community Surveys: Natural completed, summarizing the results of biological community inventories resulted in the inventories, natural features digitizing, identification of five new high quality identification of biodiversity areas, and occurrences and significantly updated conclusions regarding conservation outreach information for three previously documented workshops. community occurrences. On Bois Blanc Island, Animal Surveys: Inventories were new occurrences were identified for northern conducted on Bois Blanc Island for massasauga fen, rich conifer swamp, wooded dune and and Hine’s emerald dragonfly, and on Marquette swale, and boreal forest, with an update Island in the Les Cheneauxs for Hine’s emerald compiled for a previously known occurrence of dragonfly. Bois Blanc Island comprises the mesic northern forest. In the Les Cheneaux northernmost edge of the range for eastern islands, a new occurrence of northern fen was massasauga in Michigan, and is an important documented for Marquette Island, with an site for this federal candidate species. Three update obtained for boreal forest on Government distinct massasauga occurrences were tracked and La Salle islands. prior to the island status survey. Following the Conservation Outreach: A series of inventory, these occurrences were merged into a conservation outreach workshops were prepared single one, based on occurrence specifications and held for Bois Blanc Island, building upon and the fact that the island was concluded to the format and approach developed for similar provide a single, contiguous expanse of suitable workshops on Beaver and Drummond islands. habitat. Hine’s emerald surveys on Bois Blanc Conservation outreach was initiated with a Island resulted in the identification of two new multi-disciplinary evening presentation for occurrences for this federal and state endangered residents and visitors, consisting of an overview dragonfly, yet failed to reconfirm a previously of MNFI and the services we provide, the known occurrence on Snake Island. Hine’s significance of Great Lakes islands and emerald surveys in potential habitats on shorelines, and the results of biological surveys Great Lakes Islands 2002 Page - i on Bois Blanc Island. The agenda included For natural communities, there were 41 new introductions and an interactive exercise occurrences and 21 updated. For rare animals, (“crayon your community”) during which the there were 38 new occurrences and 13 updated, audience formed break-out groups and generated and for rare plants there were 36 new maps indicating the attributes that define Bois occurrences and 67 updates. Digitization of Blanc Island as unique. These attributes were natural features for the islands covered during later summarized and grouped into categories. this study resulted in the processing of The most important category was determined to approximately 460 occurrences, representing be natural features, followed by historic features, nearly 4% of the statewide database. Ninety- cultural features, and then commercial features. four significant biodiversity areas were The next day a snake workshop was identified, the majority (40) occurring in the presented by a herpetoculturist from Potter Park Beaver Island archipelago, with 24 areas Zoo, who provided extensive information on the identified for Drummond Island and 16 for Bois biology and natural history of massasaugas, Blanc Island. followed by an opportunity that enabled Conservation outreach workshops were attendees to touch a live captive snake partially conducted for Beaver Island, Drummond Island, exposed within a demonstration tube. and Bois Blanc Island. The original goal of Conservation outreach concluded with a field conservation outreach was to test what types and trip to selected island sites, including a stop to levels of information are desired by island view a common tern nesting area, a red- communities. After working with partners and shouldered hawk calling area, and lastly, the community leaders, the goal of conservation shoreline communities and several rare plant outreach became less focused on testing which species in the vicinity of the Snake Island information is desired and more focused on Natural Area along the east shore of Bois Blanc. designing effective methods to convey our Identification of Significant Biodiversity information. Despite distinct differences Areas: Significant biodiversity areas for Bois between the three islands targeted for outreach, Blanc Island included Point Catosh, Point the results of interactive workshops were very Detachee, Central Cedar Swamp, the Packard similar. Natural features were the most highly Point region, and Snake Island. New valued attributes for all three islands. Sites biodiversity areas for the Les Cheneaux islands identified by MNFI as significant were almost included Meridian fen (Marquette Island), identical to the sites most valued by each island Government Island (forested with a high quality community. Several noteworthy insights were occurrence of boreal forest), and expanded areas drawn from conservation outreach efforts. Up- of La Salle Island forested with boreal forest. to-date ecological surveys appear to be an Project Summary: A collective total of 50 excellent tool giving MNFI credibility within natural community, rare animal, and rare plant local communities otherwise unaware of our elements were identified during 1998-2002 program. Secondly, each island tended to have surveys, of which nearly one-third are classified at least one dedicated individual who played an as globally rare or rarer. Biological inventories integral role in development of the workshops. resulted in the documentation of a collective And third, conservation groups with an total of 216 natural community, rare animal, and established presence were critical in identifying rare plant occurrences, of which 115 (54%) were and contacting community leaders to enlist their new and 101 (47%) were updated occurrences. assistance in the development of workshops. Great Lakes Islands 2002 Page - ii Table of Contents Executive Summary..................................................................................................................................... i Introduction ................................................................................................................................................ 1 Organization of Report .............................................................................................................................. 1 The Study Areas .......................................................................................................................................... 2 Methods for Animal Surveys ....................................................................................................................
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