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Tick Removal Tick Identification Ixodes scapularis (deer tick, blacklegged tick) Found: Northeast, Upper Midwest, and much of the South Transmits: Lyme, babesiosis, anaplasmosis, Powassan encephalitis, tick paralysis, tularemia, bartonellosis, ehrlichiosis (EhrlichiaMagnified muris-like), Borrelia miyamotoi,Actual size Borrelia mayonii. Magnified Actual size • Longer the tick attachment, greater the risk of infection. • Do not burn or use any substance on tick. Nymph Adult Male Adult Female Larvae Nymph Adult • Do not grasp, squeeze or twist the body of tick. • Grasp tick close to skin with tweezers. Amblyomma americanum (lone star tick) • Pull tick straight out. Found: Eastern U.S. Transmits: human monocytic ehrlichiosis, • Use antiseptic on skin afterward. STARI, tularemia, tick paralysis, Q fever, Heartland virus. Can • Disinfect hands thoroughly. developMagnified meat allergy after bite.Actual size • Dispose of tick in tape or save for testing/ Magnified Actual size identification Remember, one tick bite can give you more than one disease. Always see a physician for possible diagnosis, Nymph Adult Male Adult Female Larvae Nymph Adult testing and treatment, especially if tick parts remain after removal. Dermacentor variabilis (dog tick) Found: All U.S. Transmits: Rocky Mountain spotted fever, tularemia,Magnified tick paralysis. Actual size e Dise ym as L e Magnified Actual size A n s s i o o c i a t TM Adult Male Adult Female Larvae Nymph Adult Research, Education, Prevention, & Patient support Ixodes pacificus (western blacklegged tick) Found: Far West Transmits: Lyme, babesiosis, anaplasmosis, Lyme Disease Association, Inc. bartonellosis. P.O. Box 1438 • Jackson, NJ 08527 Magnified Actual size Magnified Actual size (888) 366-6611 (732) 938-7215 fax [email protected] LymeDiseaseAssociation.org Tick photos courtesy of James L. Occi, MA, MS and Robert S. Lane, PhD © 2009-2016 Larvae Nymph Adult Male Adult Female Larvae Nymph Adult 22960 Tick Card.indd 1 11/17/16 9:51 AM Major Tick-Borne Diseases Lyme Signs & Symptoms Bartonellosis - Bartonella spp. can EM (bull’s eye) rash at bite site (less than 50%), other types be transmitted by cat bite/scratch of rashes, rash at other than bite site, flu-like illness. or tick bite when atypical presen- Musculoskeletal: joint/muscle pain in feet, swelling in toes, tations may result including visual balls of feet, ankle pain, burning in feet, shin splints, joint problems, headaches, enlarged pain or swelling, stiffness of the joints, neck or back, muscle lymph nodes, resistant neurologi- pain or cramps that may migrate, neck creaks and cracks, cal deficits, new onset of a seizure neck stiffness, TMJ. Reproductive: testicular pain / pelvic disorder. Diagnosis by IFA and PCR. pain, menstrual irregularity, milk production (lactation), sex- Ehrlichiosis - Human monocytic Support for this project ehrlichiosis caused by Ehrlichia has been provided by ual dysfunction or loss of libido. Cardiac/Pulmonary: chest Rotary International pain or rib soreness, shortness of breath, heart palpitations, chaffeensis (symptoms below). pulse skips, heart block, heart murmur or valve prolapse. Anaplasmosis - Caused by Anaplasma phagacytophilum. Lyme carditis can cause death. Neurological: twitching of Symptoms of both ehrlichiosis and anaplasmosis include fe- the face, eyelids or other muscles, headache, tingling, ver, malaise, headaches, chills, severe muscle aches. More numbness, burning or stabbing sensa tions, facial paralysis severe illness may result if co-infected with Lyme disease. (Bell’s palsy), dizziness, poor balance, increased motion Lab tests show decreased white blood cells & platelets, sickness, light-headedness, wooziness, difficulty walking, elevated liver enzymes. Death can result. tremor, confusion, difficulty in thinking or with concentration STARI (southern tick-associated rash illness) - A Lyme-like or reading, forgetfulness, poor short term memory, disorien- disease transmitted by lone star tick, may get rash, other tation (getting lost, going to wrong place), difficulty with early Lyme symptoms, no test available. speech, double or blurry vision, eye pain, blindness, in- Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever - Caused by the bacterium creased floaters, increased sensitivity to light or sound, Rickettsia rickettsii. Symptoms include headaches, myalgia, buzzing or ringing in ears, ear pain, deafness, seizure ac- and a characteristic rash usually beginning on wrists, an- tivity, white matter lesions, low blood pressure. Neuro- kles, palms, soles. psychiatric: mood swings, violent outbursts, irritability, depression, disturbed sleep (too much, too little, early awak- Tularemia - Caused by a bacterium, Francisella tularensis, ening), personality changes, obsessive/compulsive disorder, Symptoms include headache, chilliness, vomiting, aching paranoia, panic/anxiety attacks, hallucinations. Gastro- pains, fever. Infection site develops into an ulcer, swollen intestinal: nausea or vomiting, difficulty eating, change in glands, sweating, weight loss, debility. bowel function (constipation, diarrhea), gastritis, abdominal Powassan Virus - Caused by flavi virus. Tick bite to illness cramping, irritable bladder or bladder dysfunction, cystitis. onset 1 week to 1 month. Can cause encephalitis & men- Other: fever, sweats, or chills, weight change (loss or gain), ingitis. Symptoms can include fever, head ache, vomiting, fatigue, tiredness, hair loss, swollen glands, sore throat, dif- weakness, confusion, loss of coordination, speech difficul- ficulty swallowing, swelling around the eyes. ties, seizures, sometimes death. Lone star tick bite meat allergy - Tick saliva triggers im- Borrelia miyamotoi - Lyme-like, transmitted by deer tick. mune response to alpha-gal found in red meat. Symptoms: Symptoms include fever, headaches, muscle aches, chills. anaphylaxis can occur. PCR diagnosis. Babesiosis - Protozoan, babesia microti, WA-1, MO-1; some- Other tick-borne diseases - Pacific Coast tick fever (Pacific times fatal in elderly or those without spleen. Symptoms Coast tick), tick-borne relapsing fever (ornithodoros tick), include fever, chills, fatigue, headache, muscle pain, sweats Colorado tick fever (Rocky Mt. wood tick), Rickettsia parkeri & anemia. rickettsiosis (Gulf Coast tick), Bourbon virus (unknown tick), Heartland virus (deer tick), Q fever (deer tick) 22960 Tick Card.indd 2 11/17/16 9:51 AM.
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