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Shorter Contributions to Paleontology, 1979 Shorter Contributions to Paleontology, 1979 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL JPAPEK 1125-A-D Shorter Contributions to Paleontology, 1979 Western Hemisphere Cretaceous Itieriidae Gastropods By HEINZ A. KOLLMANN and NORMAN F. SOHL Ostracode Biostratigraphy of Pliocene and Pleistocene Deposits of the Cape Fear Arch Region, North and South Carolina By THOMAS M. CRONIN and JOSEPH E. HAZEL Miocene Mollusks of the Topsy Formation, Lituya District, Gulf of Alaska Tertiary Province, Alaska By LOUIE MARINCOVICH, JR. Variability in Trithyrodinium Drugg 1967 By FRED E. MAY and DON G. BENSON, JR. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 1125-A-D UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON : 1980 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR CECIL D. ANDRUS, Secretary GEOLOGICAL SURVEY H. William Menard, Director Library of Congress catalog-card No. 79-600193 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, D.C. 20402 Stock Number 024-001-03248-1 CONTENTS [Letters designate the chapters] (A) Western Hemisphere Cretaceous Itieriidae Gastropods, by Heinz A. Kollmann and Norman F. Sohl (B) Ostracode Biostratigraphy of Pliocene and Pleistocene Deposits of the Cape Fear Arch Region, North and South Carolina, by Thomas M. Cronin and Joseph E. Hazel (C) Miocene Mollusks of the Topsy Formation, Lituya District, Gulf of Alaska Tertiary Province, Alaska, by Louie Marincovich, Jr. (D) Variability in Trithyrodinium Drugg 1967, by Fred E. May and Don G. Benson, Jr. CONVERSION FACTORS Metric unit Inch-Pound equivalent Metric unit Inch-Pound equivalent Length Specific combinations Continued millimeter (mm) = 0.03937 inch (in) liter per second (L/s) = .0353 cubic foot per second meter (m) = 3.28 feet (ft) cubic meter per second = 91.47 cubic feet per second per kilometer (km) = .62 mile (mi) per square kilometer square mile [(ft3/s)/mi2] [(m3/s)/km2] meter per day (m/d) = 3.28 feet per day (hydraulic Area conductivity) (ft/d) square meter (m2 ) = 10.76 square feet (ft2 ) meter per kilometer = 5.28 feet per mile (ft/mi) square kilometer (km2 ) = .386 square mile (mi2) (m/km) hectare (ha) = 2.47 acres kilometer per hour .9113 foot per second (ft/s) Volume (km/li) meter per second (m/s) = 3.28 feet per second cubic centimeter (cm3 ) = 0.061 cubic inch (in3 ) meter squared per day = 10.764 feet squared per day (ft2/d) liter (L) = 61.03 cubic inches (m3/d) ( transmissivity ) cubic meter (m3 ) = 35.31 cubic feet (ft3 ) cubic meter per second 22.826 million gallons per day cubic meter = .00081 acre-foot (acre-ft) (m«/s) (Mgal/d) cubic hectometer (hm3 ) = 810.7 acre-feet liter = 2.113 pints (pt) cubic meter per minute = 264.2 gallons per minute (gal/min) liter = 1.06 quarts (qt) (m3/min) liter = .26 gallon (gal) liter per second (L/s) = 15.85 gallons per minute cubic meter = .00026 million gallons (Mgal or liter per second per = 4.83 gallons per minute per foot 10a gal) meter [(L/s)/mJ [(gal/min) /ft] cubic meter = 6.290 barrels (bbl) (1 bbl = 42 gal) kilometer per hour .62 mile per hour (mi/h) Weight (km/h) meter per second (m/s) 2.237 miles per hour gram (g) = 0.035 ounce, avoirdupois (oz avdp) gram per cubic = 62.43 pounds per cubic foot (lb/ft3 ) gram = .0022 pound, avoirdupois (Ib avdp) centimeter (g/cm3 ) metric tons (t) = 1.102 tons, short (2,000 Ib) gram per square = 2.048 pounds per square foot (lb/ft2 ) metric tons = 0.9842 ton, long (2,240 Ib) centimeter (g/cm2 ) gram per square = .0142 pound per square inch (lb/in2) Specific combinations centimeter kilogram per square 0.96 atmosphere (atm) centimeter (kg/cm2 ) Temperature kilogram per square .98 bar (0.9869 atm) centimeter degree Celsius (°C) = 1.8 degrees Fahrenheit (°F) cubic meter per second = 35.3 cubic feet per second (ft3/s) degrees Celsius = [(l.Sx°C)+32] degrees Fahrenheit (m;!/s) (temperature) Western Hemisphere Cretaceous Itieriidae Gastropods By HEINZ A. KOLLMANN and NORMAN F. SOHL SHORTER CONTRIBUTIONS TO PALEONTOLOGY, 1979 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 1125-A CONTENTS Page Abstract ___________________________________________________ Dl Introduction _____________________________________________ 1 Observations ____________________________________________ 2 Taxonomic considerations ___________________________________________ 4 Conclusions ____________________________________________ 6 References cited __________________________________________ 6 ILLUSTRATIONS Page FIGURE 1. Map of the northern Coastal Plain, showing collecting areas at Round Bay, Md., and Poricy Brook, N.J. _____________________________________________________________________________________ Dl 2. Specimens of Trithyrodinium cf. T. fragile collected from Poricy Brook, N.J., showing gradation in the morphologic variability of anterior intercalary paraplates ____________________________ 2 3. Sketches of endopercular pieces from specimens of Trithyrodinium cf. T. fragile collected from Poricy Brook, N.J. __________________________________________________________ 3 4. Drawings showing variation in endoarcheopyle outline for trithyrodinioid cysts discussed in this report. _ 4 5. Photomicrographs and sketches of specimens of Trithyrodinium striatum Benson, 1976, showing variabil­ ity in the morphology of endopercular pieces and in the outline of endoarcheopyle _______________ 5 in SHORTER CONTRIBUTIONS TO PALEONTOLOGY, 1979 WESTERN HEMISPHERE CRETACEOUS ITIERIIDAE GASTROPODS By HEINZ A. KOLLMANN x and NORMAN F. SOHL ABSTRACT ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The presence of representatives of the itieriid (Nerinae- We acknowledge the aid of Katherine Van Winkle cea) gastropod genera Vernedia and Sogdianella in Creta­ Palmer for the loan of A. A. Olsson types from Peru ceous rocks of the Western Hemisphere is reported for the housed in the collections of the Paleontological Re­ first time. In addition, Pervviella Olsson is transferred from the Actaeonellacea because it possesses an anterior canal, search Institute, Ithaca, N.Y. Keith Young and thus precluding the cephalic shield characteristic of cephala- Christopher Burden are due our thanks for the loan spidean Opisthobranchia. The occurrence of Peruviella gerthi of collections from the Cretaceous of Texas housed Olsson in the area from Peru to Brazil and thence to Angola at the Texas Memorial Museum at Austin. Annie suggests a marginal Tethyan distribution pattern, whereas Dhondt of the Royal Institute of Natural Sciences, the other species discussed are more typically distributed Brussels, Belgium, aided in translation of pertinent through the main central Tethys biotic realm. Russian literature. The following abbreviations are used for collec­ INTRODUCTION tions housed at the various institutions: USNM, Representatives of the nerineacean family Itierii- National Museum of Natural History, Washington, dae occur widely in the shallow warm-water faunas D.C.; USGS, United States Geological Survey, of the Tethyan province of most areas during Mid­ Washington, D.C.; UT and UT2, University of dle Jurassic to Late Cretaceous time. Of all the gen­ Texas, Austin, Tex; PRI, Paleontological Research era assigned to the Itieriidae, only the genus Phan- Institute, Ithaca, N.Y. eroptyxis has previously been recognized from the Under the sections headed "Measurements" the Western Hemisphere. Records of this genus are following symbols are used: H = Height measured rare, resting only on Phaneroptyxis anguillana parallel to the shell axis, MD = Maximum diameter (Castillo and Barcena) of Cserna (1956) from the measured perpendicular to the shell axis, and PA = Lower Cretaceous of southern Mexico and on Phan­ Pleural angle. eroptyxis? angulata Imlay (1941) from the subsur­ NOTES ON PALEOBIOGEOGRAPHY face Smackover Formation (Jurassic) of Arkansas. Aguilera (1906) cited the additional nomen nudum The three itieriid genera Vernedia, Sogdianella, Phaneroptyxis teloloapensis from the Cretaceous of and Peruviella, discussed here, had somewhat dif­ Mexico. One major reason for the dearth of any ferent patterns of distribution. In all patterns, how­ significant record for members of this family in this ever, they are associates of either shallow, warm- hemisphere is the superficial external morphologic water Tethyan or marginal Tethyan faunas. The resemblance many species bear to members of the most widely spread of the genera, Vernedia (fig. 1) Actaeonellacea. Thus, a number of the species we occurs from Mexico across Europe and the Middle discuss here were originally described under Actaeo- East to India, and possibly to Borneo and Japan in nella, a group belonging to an entirely different a pattern closely approximating that for orbitolinid order, the cephalaspidean Opisthobranchia. formaminifers or rudist bivalves. Within this range, however, some separation of species groups occurs that may reflect provincial separation. As discussed 1 Geologisch-Palaeontologische Abteilung Naturhistorisches Museum, Vienna, Austria. in the systematics part of this paper, the Mexican Ai A2 SHORTER CONTRIBUTIONS TO PALEONTOLOGY, 1979 WESTERN HEMISPHERE CRETACEOUS ITIERIIDAE GASTROPODS A3 48 « I c E -a .2 o o =e £ 3 < o ^ CO -3? A4 SHORTER CONTRIBUTIONS TO PALEONTOLOGY, 1979 and south Indian species are morphologically closer versity. In part, it may reflect the rather poorly akin to each other than to the European and Middle known or poorly represented Cenomanian to Conia- Eastern species. As has been pointed out by several cian near shore deposits, especially in the Caribbean authors, Caribbean rudist bivalves show consider­ region. able differentiation from their coeval Mediterranean
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