Acropolis Archaic, 40, 41, 52, 67–70, 78, 114–115, 156, 157–158, 193, 194 Destruction by Persians, 17, 43, 49–52, 59, 60

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INDEX

Acropolis Alexander the Great, Archaic, 40, 41, 52, 67–70, 78, dedication of shields on east 114–115, 156, 157–158, 193, 194 architrave of Parthenon, 245, destruction by Persians, 17, 43, 248 49–52, 59, 60, 61–62, 68, 69, 74, dedication of Persian spoils within 78, 86, 149, 158, 181, 234, 240, Parthenon, 245 244 Alkamenes Early Classical, 53–54, 70, 76, 77, Dionysos Eleuthereus (statue) by, 217 78–79, 83, 156, 166, 206 possible role in carving of Parthenon geology of, 1–10 sculptures, 96, 124, 139 Hellenistic, 41, 245–246 Prokne and ltys Group by, 175, 177, Mycenaean (Late Bronze Age), 10, 239, 242 61–65 Alkibiades, 93, 174, 190 Neolithic, 10 portrait of, in Pinakotheke, 162, 242 Relation of Periclean A. to past, Amazons and Amazonomachies, 59–86, 100, 240 in pediment of Temple of Athena Roman, 168, 176, 242–248 Nike, 185, 187, 242, 244 Spartan occupations of, 88, 93 in Stoa Poikile, 228 walls of, 1–2, 53, 70, 78–79, 80, 94, 97, on exterior of shield of Athena 116, 195, 199–200, 202, 210 Parthenos, 124, 148–149, 229, Aeschines, 242, 244 on the Propylaia, 163 on “mystery building” of c. 480, 124 Aeschylus, 47, 244 on Parthenon west metopes, 124, Aglauros, 47, 130, 172, 212 229, 242 grotto and sanctuary of, 7, 52, 172 Anakreon, portrait of, 202 Agon (as theme of Acropolis Angelitos’s Athena, 53 iconography), 243, 248, 249, 251 Anthesteria, 236 Agora, 89, 99, 100, 146, 155, 203, 206, anthippasia, 235 228, 231 Aphrodite, 14, 212 Agorakritos, 96, 124, 175, 186, 191 Pandemos, 186 Agrippa, Monument of, 102 sanctuary of A. and Eros, 211, 214

297

298 efh Index

apobatai, 236 nature of, 12, 16–37 on Parthenon frieze, 141, 143, 228, on east frieze of Parthenon, 146 229, 233, 235, 249, 251 origins of, 12–16 Apollo, cave of, 7 Athena and Poseidon displaying tokens Apollodoros, 39, 42–43, 46–47 (statue group), 238–239 Archaios Neos (see also Erechtheion), 40, Athena born from head of Zeus (statue 45, 68, 70–72, 76, 83, 94, 107, group), 238–239 166, 169, 170, 171, 172, 204, Athena Ergane, 22, 27–34, 75, 201 205, 206 precinct or shrine of, 24, 75, 201 blocks from, built into Acropolis Athena Hippia, 22, 26–27, 31 north wall, 70, 210 Athena Hygieia, 24, 36, 223, 277 n. 6 blocks from, built into Great Flight shrine of, 24, 192–194, 223 of Steps, 201 Athena Nike (see also Temple of Athena Archon Basileus, 210, 230 Nike), 21, 40, 188–189 Areopagos, 4, 50–51, 244 bastion and sanctuary of, 64–65, 98, Ares, 22, 186 181–191, 206 Ariobarzanes II Philopater (king of cult statue of, 78, 181, 183, 276 Cappadocia), 216 n. 4 Aristophanes, 214, 217 priestess of, 182 Lysistrata, 190 Athena Parthenos (statue of ), 21, 84, Arkteia, arktoi, 196 90, 92, 96, 97, 107, 110, 112, 114, Arrhephoria, 211–212, 235 122, 123, 126, 146–154, 169, Arrhephoroi, 107, 210–213, 227, 228, 174, 180, 187, 188, 217, 231, 230, 235 237, 239, 240, 244, 248 House of (Building III?), 107, 166, base of, 34, 148, 151–153, 187, 206, 210–213 239 Artemis Brauronia, 236 cost, 97, 122, 153 sanctuary of, 98, 159, 193, 194–198, dedication of, 96, 147 199, 237 lack of cult status (?), 90–91, statue of, by Praxiteles, 196, 197 111–112, 154, 231 Asklepios, 218, 222 Nike in hand of, 90, 123, 150, 188, Sanctuary of A. and Hygieia, 10, 240 218–223 shield of, 96, 124, 126, 148–149, 187, a-ta-na-po-ti-ni-ja, 16, 44 242–243, 244 Athena, passim Athena Polias (see also Archaios Neos, and Erechtheus/Erichthonios, 37, Erechtheion), 17, 21, 40, 45, 112, 46–48 146, 173, 180, 183, 211, 212, and the giants, 73, 38–42 231 and Hephaistos, 27, 146 altar of, 112, 206–207, 209 and heroes, 24, 35–37 priestess of, 107, 167, 211, 213, 230, Archaic statues of, 78 235 birth of, 37–38, 47–48, 128, 130–133, statue of, 17, 21, 34, 39, 40, 68, 76–77, 238–239 78, 90, 112, 164, 166, 167, 169, contest with Poseidon, 26, 37, 42–44, 174, 180, 181 46, 48, 128, 129–130, 170, 172, Athena Promakhos (see also Bronze 226, 230, 243, 251 Athena), 21, 79, 81 festivals of, 21, 127 Attalos I of Pergamon, Mycenaean antecedents of, 14–16 statue group dedicated by, 41, 202, name of, 11–12, 14 245–246, 248

Index egh 299

Attalos II of Pergamon, Congress Decree, 94 Monument of, 102, 202 Cyclopean wall (see Mycenaean Augustus, 247–248 fortification wall) Temple of Roma and A., 103, 202, 247–248 Delian League, 80, 96, 244 autochthony, 47 transfer of treasury to Athens, 96 Demeter, 14, 26 Blond Boy, 53 Demetrios Poliorketes, Bluebeard, 67 lives in opisthodomos of Parthenon, Bluebeard Temple (see also 108–109 Hekatompedon), 67–68 Demosthenes, Boardman, J., 228–229 on Bronze Athena, 80–81, 83 Boiotian and Chalkidian Victory on Propylaia and Parthenon, 163, Monument, 79, 83, 241 229 bouphonia, 207, 209 Dionysos (see also City Dionysia, Boutes, 71, 126, 164, 170, 179, 204 Temple of Dionysos, Theater of Bronze Athena (Promakhos), by Dionysos), 131 Pheidias, 79–84, 86, 146, 195, diphrophoroi, 227, 230, 235 200, 229, 237, 240, 241, 244 earthquake of 427/6, 91 bronze casting pit (south slope), 80 Eleusinia, 235 Building B (Archaic), 158 Eleusinion, 218 Building III (House of the Elgin, Lord, 126 Arrhephoroi?), 210–213 Endoios Building IV (Heroon of Pandion?), 166, seated marble statue by, 78 203–204 entasis, 118, 121, 156, 168 entrance court (Archaic), 158 Carrey drawings, 127, 128, 139 Epidauros, 218 Caves, epistatai,95 of Aglauros, 7, 52, 172 Eponymous heroes, 145, 203, 230 of Apollo, 7 Erechtheion, 17, 40–41, 45, 55, 71–72, of Pan, 7, 229 75, 76, 77, 78, 84, 88, 102, 129, of Zeus, 7 160, 162, 164–180, 183, 192, Centauromachy 201, 205, 210, 240, 242, 247 on Parthenon south metopes, architects of, 172–173 126–128, 237, 242 date of, 71, 98, 173–174 on sandals of Athena Parthenos, Early Classical predecessor (see 149–150, 237, 242 Pre-Erechtheion), on shield of Bronze Athena, 80, 237, fire in (?), 92, 174, 275 n. 26 242 frieze of, 175–178, 190, 191, 239 Center Street, 198, 201, 202, 205, identification of, 164–168 210 Karyatids of, 72, 77, 166, 170–172, Central terrace of Acropolis, 63, 83, 174, 175, 179, 205, 239 205–206 optical refinements of, 168, 173 Chalkeia, 211 relation to Archaios Neos, 71–72 Chalkotheke, 102, 195, 198–200, 201, relation to Parthenon, 175, 179–180 202 relation to Propylaia, 162, 173 City (Great) Dionysia, 214, 235, 243, relation to Temple of Athena Nike, 249 173, 183

300 efh Index

Erechtheion (cont.) Hephaistos, 27, 31, 38, 39, 47, 71, 132, restoration during Augustan era, 168, 164, 170, 179, 187, 211, 227 176 Herakles, 34, 35, 39, 49, 131 unfinished details, 174 on Bluebeard Temple Erechtheus, 37, 45–48, 107, 164, 167, (Hekatompedon), 67 168, 170, 177, 178, 179, 204, on Parthenon east metope, 126 225–228, 231 Herodotos, 42, 45, 52, 86, 168 depicted in Parthenon west pediment Hesiod, 38, 39, 152 (?), 130 Hippeis dedication, 241 painting of, in Temple of Athena Homer, 11, 16, 22, 38, 39, 46, 167, 227 Polias, 167 recited at Panathenaia, 249 Erechtheus battling Eumolpos (statue Homeric Hymn to Athena,38 group), 46, 239 hoplites, 233 Erichthonios, 17, 37, 46–48, 130, 150, horos krenes (boundary of the spring), 169, 177, 204, 212, 225, 227, 231 222 ergasteria (workshops), 147, 204 horsemen, statues of, 26 Ergastinai, 211 Hygieia, 186, 218, 222 Eteoboutadai, 164, 167, 170 hydriaphoroi, 142, 143, 233, 235, 249 Eumolpos, 46, 130, 178, 225–226, 239 Euphronios, 193 Iktinos, 97, 117–118, 120, 122 Euripides, 167, 214, 217, 226 Ilissos Temple, 99 Erechtheus, 167, 174, 178, 226, 227 inventories of treasures of Athena, 92, Eurymedon, 80, 83 107, 110, 113, 145, 162 Ionic Stoa, 222 Gauls, 202, 245 Isokrates (portrait of ), 212 Gigantomachy, 38–42, 48, 226, 242, 244, 245 Kallias Decrees, 89–90, 160, 173, 174, depicted on peplos, 17, 236, 242, 249 196, 213 depicted on vases, 40 Kallias, son of Didymios, 242 in pediment of Archaios Neos, 40, 68 Kallibios, 88, 93 in pediment of Temple of Athena Kallikrates, 97, 106, 117, 122, 173, 182 Nike, 185, 187, 242, 244 Kallimachos (general), in relief, 40 Nike (Iris?) of, 52 on east metopes of Parthenon, 40, Kallimachos (sculptor), 191 126, 148, 242 golden lamp by, 164, 167 on interior of shield of Athena kanephoroi, 143–144, 235 Parthenos, 40, 148, 242 Karpion, 117, 118 Golden Nikai, 90, 92, 93, 240 Karyatids (see also Erechtheion), 72, 77, Gorgons, gorgoneia, 36, 148 166, 170–172, 175, 179, 239 Kekrops, 11, 17, 42–44, 71–72, 107, 129, Hekate Epipyrgidia, 275 n. 2 150, 179, 212, 225, 231, 239 Hekatompedon Tomb of (Kekropeion), 71–72, 6th-century temple or precinct, 171–172, 239 67–68, 109–110 Kephisodotos monument, 197 term applied to Parthenon, 106–110, Khoregic monuments 113, 199 of Thrasyllos, 7 hellenotamiai (Treasurers of the Greeks), replica of Nike temple, 276 n. 9 96 Kimon, 80 Hephaisteion (Temple of Hephaistos Kleisthenes and his reforms, 227, 231 and Athena), 99–100 Klepsydra, 9, 10, 54

Index egh 301

korai, 52, 175, 234 Nike (see also Athena Parthenos, Bronze Korres, M., 213 Athena, Golden Nikai, Temple Kranaos, 11 of Athena Nike), 31, 83, 126, Kresilas, 191 129, 150–151 Kritias, 93 as major theme of Acropolis Kritios and Nesiotes, 53, 265 n. 6 iconography, 84, 200, 216, Kritios Boy, 53 240–251 bronze, commemorating Battle of Lakhares, 272 n. 64 Sphacteria (Pylos), 91, 240 Laureion, Mt., 90, 97 of Kallimachos, 52 Leokhares Nike Temple Decree, 182 statue of Zeus by, 207 Northwest Building, 54, 213–214 Long walls to Peiraieus, 91, 92, 97, 117 Oath of Plataia, 53, 76, 94, 167, 181 Lydos, 40 Odeion of Perikles, 88, 97, 214–216, Lykabettos, Mt., 1 243 Odysseus, 26, 36 Marathon, 49, 69, 73, 80–81, 83, 86, 115, Old Temple of Athena Polias (see 116, 186, 187, 190, 228–229, Archaios Neos) 241 Older Parthenon, 69–71, 72–74, 86, 94, Battle of Marathon painting in Stoa 110, 115–116, 120, 169, 171, Poikile, 228 210, 229, 234 Battle of Marathon on south frieze of column drums built into Acropolis Temple of Athena Nike, 86, 186, north wall, 70 190, 228 upward curvature of stylobate, 118 Medousa, 36, 44, 148, 197 Older Propylon, 157, 173 Meleso, dedication of Athena Opisthodomos, 76–78, 90, 107–109, 205 Promakhos by, 81–82 Menon, 124 Paionios, 191, 276 n. 11, 277 n. 26 metoikoi, 87, 173, 177 Palladion, 76, 125, 126, 127 Metis, 26–27, 35, 38 Pallas Athena, 21 Mnesikles, 62, 90, 97, 106, 117, Pallene (Temple of Athena), 99 155–159, 173, 196, 213 Pan, 7, 222, 229 Moschophoros (Calf-Bearer), 52, 204 Panathenaia, 17, 21, 34, 39–40, 47, 107, Mourning Athena relief, 53–54 112, 127, 146, 147, 156, 189, Mycenae, 14, 16 206, 207, 209, 212, 214, 224, Mycenaean bastion/tower, 64–65, 84, 226–227, 228, 231–236, 243, 181, 182 249–250 Mycenaean fountain, 10, 210, 211 Panathenaic procession, 156, 157, 201, Mycenaean palace, 61, 63 206, 224–236, 249 Mycenaean terrace walls, 63, 83, 205 Panathenaic ship, 233 Mycenaean (Cyclopean) fortification Panathenaic Way, 155–156, 233 wall, 61–65, 84, 86, 158, 159, Pandion 188, 195 heroon of, 166, 203–204, 239 Myron, 197 Pandora, 34, 148, 151–153, 206 Mys, 80, 237 Pandrosos, 47, 71, 129, 172, 206, 212, 231 Naiskos, preserved in north colonnade of sanctuary of (Pandroseion), 42, the Parthenon, 24, 74–76, 116, 71–72, 129, 164, 168, 172, 212 126 Parrhasios, 80, 237

302 efh Index

Parthenon (see also Older Parthenon), peplos, 17, 34, 39, 40–41, 68, 107, 126, 55, 67, 72–76, 84, 87, 88, 90, 101, 146, 180, 210, 211, 212, 225, 106–154, 156, 159, 162, 166, 227, 230, 231–234, 236, 249 168, 169, 178, 182, 187, 192, 196, sail-peplos, 34, 233, 275 n. 33 199, 200, 201, 202, 207, 210, 216, Pericles, passim 226, 229, 240, 243, 245, 246, 248 and building program, 54–60, architects of, 97, 117 94–105, 183, 192 architecture of, 116–122 Funeral Oration of, 235, 251 conversion to Christian church, 128 portrait of, allegedly on shield of cost of, 97, 122 Athena Parthenos, 96 frieze, 26, 124, 133–146, 175, 176, peripatos, 9–10, 218, 222 178, 180, 187, 188, 189, 191, Persia and Persians, 44, 49, 92, 244–245, 206, 210, 214, 215, 224–236, 248 239, 240, 248–251 sack of Acropolis by, 17, 43, 49–52, function and symbolism of, 73–74, 59, 60, 61–62, 68, 69, 74, 86, 149, 86, 110–116, 117, 154, 244–245 166, 167, 181, 201, 206, 240, 244 funding of, 96–97, 116–117 Pheidias, 79–80, 84, 122–124, 132, 153, metopes, 26, 31, 40, 76, 124–128, 136, 217, 226, 228, 229, 231, 233, 150, 187, 198, 202, 239, 240, 234, 237 242–243, 244, 245 and Parthenon sculptures, 96, name and terminology of, 77, 123–124, 127–128, 135, 229 106–110 Apollo by, 202 Nike akroteria, 123, 151, 187, 240 Athena Parthenos by (see Athena optical refinements of, 118–122, 201 Parthenos) pediments, 26, 38, 42, 46, 90, 96, Bronze Athena (Promakhos) by (see 128–133, 187, 226, 230, 238, Bronze Athena) 239, 240, 248, 251 Eponymous Heroes group at Delphi reflecting pool within east room, by, 145 153–154 role in Periklean building program, relation to Older Parthenon, 72–74, 95–96, 122 115–116, 171 self-portrait allegedly on shield of Roman repairs to pediments, 130 Athena Parthenos, 96, 149 shields displayed on east architrave workshop of, 147 by Alexander the Great, 245 zeus at Olympia by, 95–96, 112, 124 terrace of, 101, 134, 202–203, 204, Philip II of Macedon, 245 205, 238 Philokles and Arkhilokhos (site windows in, 117, 153, 169 architects of Erechtheion), Pausanias, passim 172–173, 174 description of Athena Parthenos, 148 Pinakotheke (northwest wing of description of Erechtheion, 165 Propylaia), 162, 242 description of Parthenon pediments, Pindar, 31 128 Plataia, (see also Oath of Plataia), 49, 89, Peace of Kallias, 94 94, 216 Peace of Nikias, 91, 174, 190, 218 Plato, 44, 93 Peiraieus reliefs, 148–149 Plutarch, 106, 122, 155, 216 Peisistratos, 36, 194 description of Periclean building Peitho, 186 program, 55–59, 86, 94–97, Peloponnesian War, 89–93, 113, 160, 103–105, 173–174, 183, 193, 214 174, 182, 186, 190, 213, 240, Plynteria, 127, 235 245 Pnyx, 4

Index egh 303

Pollitt, J. J. 235, 250 Strongylion Polygnotos, 162 Trojan (Wooden) Horse by, 197–198, Poseidon, 26–27, 42–45, 99, 128–130, 237–238, 242 132, 164, 169, 170, 179 Sulla, 216 Poseidon-Erechtheus, 45–46, 71, 164, 166, 167 tamiai (Treasurers of Athena), 97, 107, Praxiteles 124 statue of Artemis Brauronia by, 196, Telemakhos, 218–223 197 Monument of, 220, 222 Praxithea, 46, 47, 167, 174, 225, 227 Telesterion (Eleusis), 97, 117 Pre-Erechtheion, 54, 71, 75, 77, 166, Temple of Athena Nike, 168 Archaic, 64, 181 Prokne, 204 Classical, 55, 64, 86, 88, 98, 102, 160, Prokne and Itys Group (see Alkamenes) 173, 178, 181–191, 192, 228, Pronapes dedication, 241 240, 242–243, 244, 246 Propylaia, 55, 62, 84, 88, 90, 91, 96, 97, bastion, 64–65, 84 101, 129, 155–163, 168, 182, 188, date, 182–183 190, 192, 193, 196, 198, 213, 240 optical refinements of, 173, 183 cost of, 97, 162 parapet, 160, 188–191, 239, date of, 155 240–241 optical refinements of, 118, 156 relation to Propylaia, 173, 182–183 relation to Cyclopean (Mycenaean) replicated in later monuments, 276 wall, 62, 158, 159 n. 9 relation to Erechtheion, 162, 173 sculptural program, 86, 183–191, relation to Parthenon, 156–157, 196 228, 229, 239 relation to Temple of Athena Nike, Temple of Athena Polias, 158–159, 161, 182–183 Archaic (see also Archaios Neos), 68, Protagoras, 249 70–72, 76, 78, 83, 94, 166, 167, pyrrhike,38 169, 170, 171 Pyrrhos Classical (see Erechtheion) statue of Athena Hygieia by, 193 Temple of Dionysos Eleuthereus, 217 Temple of Roma and Augustus, 103, Ramp leading up to Propylaia 202, 247–248 Archaic, 156 Temple of Zeus at Olympia, 117, 132 Classical, 156, 159, 182, 183 thallophoroi, 142, 233 thetes,93 Salamis, 44, 52, 83, 181, 216, 241 Theater of Dionysos Eleuthereus, 214, skaphephoroi, 142, 143, 229, 235 216–218, 242 Smaller Attalid Group (see Attalos I) Themistokles, 214 Solon, 81 Theseus, 36, 49, 230 Sophokles, 31, 214, 217, 218, 220, Thirty Tyrants, 87, 88, 93, 214 242 Thrasyllos Monument, 7 South slope spring, 222 Thucydides, 37, 86, 88, 89, 90 Sparta, Spartans (see also Peloponnesian Thucydides, son of Melesias, 88 War), 49, 53, 87, 88, 92, 93, 94, Thyekhoos, 170 214, 245 Treasurers of Athena (see tamiai) steps west of Parthenon, 200–201, 202 Trojan Horse (see also Strongylion), 31 Stoa Poikile (Painted Colonnade, in Trojan War Agora), 228–229 in Parthenon north metopes, Strabo, 167 124–125, 229, 237–238, 242, 244

304 efh Index

Vitruvius, 117, 118, 120, 170, 214, 216 Zeus, 14, 35, 37–38, 39, 126, 129, 132, 170, 179, 227 wells cave of, 7 late Mycenaean, 10 Zeus Herkeios, 172 workshops (see ergasteria) Zeus Hypatos, 164 Zeus Polieus, 21 Xanthippos, portrait of, 202 sanctuary and cult of, 98, 207–210 Xerxes, 49, 52, 214, 216, 243, 244 statues of, 207