Roinn Cosanta. Bureau of Military
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NUI MAYNOOTH MILITARY AVIATION in IRELAND 1921- 1945 By
L.O. 4-1 ^4- NUI MAYNOOTH QllftMll II hiJfiifin Ui Mu*« MILITARY AVIATION IN IRELAND 1921- 1945 By MICHAEL O’MALLEY THESIS FOR THE DEGREE OF PHD DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF IRELAND MAYNOOTH Supervisor of Research: Dr. Ian Speller JANUARY 2007 IRISH MILITARY AVIATION 1921 - 1945 This thesis initially sets out to examine the context of the purchase of two aircraft, on the authority of Michael Collins and funded by the second Dail, during the Treaty negotiations of 1921. The subsequent development of civil aviation policy including the regulation of civil aviation, the management of a civil aerodrome and the possible start of a state sponsored civil air service to Britain or elsewhere is also explained. Michael Collins’ leading role in the establishment of a small Military Air Service in 1922 and the role of that service in the early weeks of the Civil War are examined in detail. The modest expansion in the resources and role of the Air Service following Collins’ death is examined in the context of antipathy toward the ex-RAF pilots and the general indifference of the new Army leadership to military aviation. The survival of military aviation - the Army Air Corps - will be examined in the context of the parsimony of Finance, and the administrative traumas of demobilisation, the Anny mutiny and reorganisation processes of 1923/24. The manner in which the Army leadership exercised command over, and directed aviation policy and professional standards affecting career pilots is examined in the contexts of the contrasting preparations for war of the Army and the Government. -
Michael Collins: Patriot Hero Or 41 Counterrevolutionary? Kieran Allen
Michael Collins: patriot hero or 41 counterrevolutionary? Kieran Allen ichael Collins is a Fine Gael hero. Each year its auxiliary forces in Ireland. One of the most famous young Fine Gael members from across the episodes of the Irish War of Independence was the country travel to Béal na Bláth in County Cork elimination of The Cairo Gang. This was an elite unit where Collins was killed by republican forces who were formed by British military intelligence with Mon August 22 1922 during the Civil War. The annual the aim of assassinating republican leaders. They commemoration for Collins features Fine Gael luminaries arrived in Ireland in September 1920 and within weeks or those who share their outlook. In 2018, for example, shot dead a republican activist from Limerick, John the current Minister for Agriculture, Michael Creed, Lynch, as he lay in his bed. They also came close to got carried away with himself and referred to the site of killing Dan Breen and Sean Tracy, the instigators of the Collins’ execution as a ‘Gaelic Calvary’.1 Having recovered Soloheadbeg attack that set off the War of Independence. from this emotional spasm, he went on, like most of his Michael Collins had established his own squad of armed Fine Gael predecessors, to make a banal speech about operatives within the republican forces and gave the current Irish political life, laced with odd quotes from orders for the execution of the Cairo Gang. One of his Collins himself. Fine Gael’s cult of Collins also includes biographers, James MacKay takes up the story. -
The Government's Executions Policy During the Irish Civil
THE GOVERNMENT’S EXECUTIONS POLICY DURING THE IRISH CIVIL WAR 1922 – 1923 by Breen Timothy Murphy, B.A. THESIS FOR THE DEGREE OF PH.D. DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF IRELAND MAYNOOTH HEAD OF DEPARTMENT: Professor Marian Lyons Supervisor of Research: Dr. Ian Speller October 2010 i DEDICATION To my Grandparents, John and Teresa Blake. ii CONTENTS Page No. Title page i Dedication ii Contents iii Acknowledgements iv List of Abbreviations vi Introduction 1 Chapter 1: The ‗greatest calamity that could befall a country‘ 23 Chapter 2: Emergency Powers: The 1922 Public Safety Resolution 62 Chapter 3: A ‗Damned Englishman‘: The execution of Erskine Childers 95 Chapter 4: ‗Terror Meets Terror‘: Assassination and Executions 126 Chapter 5: ‗executions in every County‘: The decentralisation of public safety 163 Chapter 6: ‗The serious situation which the Executions have created‘ 202 Chapter 7: ‗Extraordinary Graveyard Scenes‘: The 1924 reinterments 244 Conclusion 278 Appendices 299 Bibliography 323 iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I wish to extend my most sincere thanks to many people who provided much needed encouragement during the writing of this thesis, and to those who helped me in my research and in the preparation of this study. In particular, I am indebted to my supervisor Dr. Ian Speller who guided me and made many welcome suggestions which led to a better presentation and a more disciplined approach. I would also like to offer my appreciation to Professor R. V. Comerford, former Head of the History Department at NUI Maynooth, for providing essential advice and direction. Furthermore, I would like to thank Professor Colm Lennon, Professor Jacqueline Hill and Professor Marian Lyons, Head of the History Department at NUI Maynooth, for offering their time and help. -
Roinn Cosanta
ROINN COSANTA. BUREAU OF MILITARY HISTORY, 1913-21. STATEMENT BY WITNESS DOCUMENT NO. W.S. 849 Witness James Brendan Connolly, 20 East Brookline St., Boston 18, Mass., U.S.A. Identity. Commissioner for the American Committee for the Relief in Ireland, 1921. Subject. Events in Ireland, 1921. Conditions, if any, Stipulated by Witness. Nil File No. S.1985 Form B.S.M.2 syndicate a sign ceil Sailed I fox be are for U/S. co-coin out Ducal finding is And press. naysay a finding in McNulty Aroused I au have Would I later. expertise my if Roll of with April 9, 1953 to TBI. Dear Mr. McDunphy: cared With this I include a Memo of several actions intelligently planned and Black and Tan War, and of executed by the IRA during the I daringly the leaders of such actions which I had first hand knowledge from soon endow, an to include their doings in Hearst in after they took place. I felt urge my in Ireland that War, but the War A press accounts of my experiences during Tech harm to still active still so would bring people in being on, my doing I Ear the War. expense Tan of records to make three chapters of my Enough my Hearst press a volume SEA-BORNE. In the in my long-after-the-War experiences a and so on, daring IRA doing Knew Marveby Hearst press stuff I said I could write book, of Generous as written. You quote that, but it would hurt and that went into Sea-Borne, I to do so, and ask me to do the stories of high IRA action pan and proper foi you must but the deeds I had early knowledge of, surely be known Gent now; great to recalled, if native Irish writers now. -
HU1 MAYNOOTH Oitecoil R»A Heirearwi M I Nuad
L'O ^tS-U HU1 MAYNOOTH Oitecoil r»a hEirearwi M i Nuad THE IMPACT OF EX BRITISH SOLDIERS ON THE I RISH VOLUNTEERS AND FREE STATE ARMY 1913-1924 BY MICHAEL JOSEPH WHELAN IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MA DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF IRELAND MAYNOOTH HEAD OF DEPARTMENT: PROFESSOR R.V.COMERFORD SUPERVISOR OF RESEARCH: DR IAN SPELLER July 2006 Abstract The aim of this thesis is to highlight the service of ex-British soldiers in the Irish Army and to examine some of their experiences during the period 1913-1924 with particular emphasis on the Irish Civil War. There was a constant utilisation of ex-British servicemen for their skills and also their intimidation by republicans throughout the period but their involvement may have been one of the factors that helped the IRA to bring the British government to negotiate. This is also true for the Free State Army and its defeat of the IRA during the Civil War. The Irish Volunteers and IRA was a guerrilla force combating a conventional army in many cases by using British military skills learned from ex-British soldiers. The Free State Army fought the IRA, which it had also evolved from, portraying a conventional military force using many more ex-British soldiers and lessons they had learned from the War of Independence against the British and those learned during the Great War. The ex-British soldiers helped to transform the army from a guerrilla force into a conventional army and it was probably their impact that had the greatest influence on the Irish Free State Army in defeating the republican forces and helped win the Irish Civil War. -
Unit 8: the Treaty and the Irish Civil War December 1921-May 1923
Unit 8: The Treaty and the Irish Civil War December 1921-May 1923 Transition Year Project Book Part II Contents Lesson 4 Phase 2: The Battle for Munster, July-August 1922 3 Documents and Maps 4 Comprehension Questions 8 Reporting the Civil War Newspaper Template 10 Lesson 5 The Death of Michael Collins, 22 August 1922 Documents and Maps 11 Comprehension Questions and Writing task 14 Lesson 6 Phase 3: Guerrilla Warfare, Sept 1922-May 1923 15 Document and Maps 16 Comprehension Questions 24 Task 6: Pros and Cons 26 Resources for Secondary Schools PHASE 2: JULY-AUGUST 1922 - THE BATTLE es of Bruff and Bruree during which Free State forces under the command of Eoin O’Duffy placed the ATIRA FOR MUNSTER under intense pressure. IRA units evacuated Dublin in early July 1922 and re- sea landings publicans were able to consolidate their control of Munster and the west. Isolated pro-Treaty units in Li- The republican positions finally broke after the NA stowel and Sligo were quickly overwhelmed and the conducted surprise sea landings in Kerry and Cork Anti-Treaty IRA (ATIRA) held a defensive line across in early August. The ATIRA had anticipated such an Munster, anchored by the cities of Limerick in the west assault, but the flimsy republican defences were no and Waterford in the east. The ATIRA Republican forc- match for determined NA troops. Government forces es were comprised of numerous brigade and battalion arriving at Fenit, County Kerry captured Tralee after a columns, usually numbering between twenty-five and brief but difficult fight on 2 August. -
Directory of Local Studies Articles and Book Chapters in Dún Laoghaire
Directory of Local Studies Articles and Book Chapters in Dún Laoghaire-Rathdown Compiled by: Nigel Curtin, Local Studies Librarian, dlr Library Service This publication lists articles, book chapters and websites published on subjects relating to the county of Dún Laoghaire-Rathdown. It is based primarily on material available in dlr Libraries Local Studies Collection. It does not represent an exhaustive listing but should be considered as a snapshot of material identified by the Local Studies Librarian from 2014 to 2021. Its purpose is to assist the researcher in identifying topics of interest from these resources in the Collection. A wide ranging list of monographs on the topics covered in the Directory can also be found by searching dlr Libraries online catalogue at https://libraries.dlrcoco.ie/ Directory of Local Studies Articles and Book Chapters in Dún Laoghaire-Rathdown dlr Local Studies, 5th Floor dlr LexIcon, Haigh Terrace, First published 2021 by Dún Laoghaire-Rathdown County Council Moran Park, Dún Laoghaire, Co. Dublin E: [email protected] T: 01 280 1147 Compiled by Nigel Curtin W: https://libraries.dlrcoco.ie ISBN 978-0-9956091-3-6 Book and cover design by Olivia Hearne, Concept 2 Print Printed and bound by Concept 2 Print dlrlibraries @dlr_libraries Libraries.dlr https://bit.ly/3up3Cy0 3 Contents PAGE Journal Articles 5 Book Chapters 307 Web Published 391 Reports, Archival Material, 485 Unpublished Papers, Manuscripts, etc. Temporary bridge over Marine Road, Kingstown, 31 August 1906. The bridge connected Town Hall with the Pavilion on the occasion of the Atlantic 3 Fleet Ball. 5 Directory of Dún Laoghaire-Rathdown Local Studies YEAR BOOK TITLE CHAPTER or reference AUTHOR WEBLINKS or notes Journal Articles Bullock Harbour, 1860s. -
The Irish Civil War, 1922-1923: a Military Study of the Conventional Phase, 28 June - 11 August, 1922
A paper delivered to NYMAS Paul V. Walsh at the CUNY Graduate Center, 3412 Huey Ave New York, N.Y. Drexel Hill, PA. 19026-2311 on 11 December 1998. [email protected] THE IRISH CIVIL WAR, 1922-1923: A MILITARY STUDY OF THE CONVENTIONAL PHASE, 28 JUNE - 11 AUGUST, 1922. The Irish Civil War was one of the many conflicts that followed in the wake of the First World War. By the standards of the 'Great War' it was very small indeed; roughly 3,000 deaths were inflicted over a period of eleven months, probably less than the average casualties suffered on the Western Front during a quiet week. (1) However, wars should not be judged solely by the 'Butcher's Bill'. The Civil War contributed directly to the character of Ireland and Anglo-Irish relations, creating patterns that have only begun to be challenged in the past thirty years. As with all civil wars, this conflict generated extremes of bitterness that have haunted public and political life in Ireland up to the present day. Indeed, it is only after the passage of seventy-five years that scholars are able to approach the subject of the Civil War with some degree of detachment. Significantly the two main political parties in Ireland, Fianna Fail and Fine Gael, are the direct descendants of the opposing sides of the war. Although partition was an established fact at the beginning of the war, the conflict in the South only served to further undermine any possibility of reunification. Thus the Civil War is one of the factors that has contributed to the thirty years of conflict in Northern Ireland which only now may be in the process of being resolved. -
Roinn Cosanta. Bureau of Military History, 1913-21
ROINN COSANTA. BUREAU OF MILITARY HISTORY, 1913-21. STATEMENT BY WITNESS DOCUMENT NO. W.S. 805 Witness (i) Mrs. Annie O'Brien Thomond House, Ballyboden Road, (ii) Mrs. Lily Curran Rathfarnham, Dublin. Identity. Members of Cumann na mBan, Dublin, 1915-1924; (1) Adjutant in that Organisation, 1919 -. Subject. (a) Cumann na mBan, Dublin, 1915-1924; (b) Marrowbone Lane Distillery, Dublin, Easter week, 1916. Conditions, if any, Stipulated by Witness. Nil File No. S.2122 Form B.S.M. 2 STATEMENT BY MRS. DENIS 0'BRIEN (Annie Cooney) AND) MRS. LILY CURRAN (COONEY), Thomond House, Ballyboden Road, Rathfarnham, Dublin. I got mixed up in the national movement through people who were visiting Our house, Christopher Byrne, who lived in our house for a long time, and was, in 1915, a lieutenant of F. Company of the 4th Battalion, and Con Colbert, who was captain of that company. It was Con Colbert who proposed me as a member of Cumann na mBan, Inghinidhe Branch, Which met alternately at 34 Camden St. and 6 Harcourt St. We had the lectures on First Aid, arms classes, etc. in Harcourt St. and the drill in Camden St. I was then 18 and my two sisters, Lily (now Mrs. Curran) and Eileen (now Mrs. Harbourne) joined the same year and the same branch. It was in August 1915 I joined Cumann na mBan after the funeral of O'Donovan Rossa. I was selling the commemoration booklet at the funeral. I attended regularly and obtained my certificate for Firs Aid and Home Nursing. I took part in the route marches and all the other activities of the unit. -
Centenary Timeline for the County of Cork (1920 – 1923)
CENTENARY TIMELINE FOR THE COUNTY OF CORK (1920 – 1923) – WAR OF INDEPENDENCE AND CIVIL WAR Guidance Note: This document provides hundreds of key dates with regard to the involvement of County Cork in the War of Independence and Civil War. These include the majority of the key occurrences of 1920 – 1923 including all major events from the County of Cork (including some other locations that involved people from County Cork), as well as key developments on the national level (or elsewhere in the country) during this timeframe (blue). All key ambushes, attacks and executions are included as well as events that saw the loss of life of Cork people, whether in Cork County or further afield. A number of notable events pertaining to Cork City (note: not all) are also included (green) and a details/link section is provided to indicate the source material. While every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of information contained within this document, given the volume of material and variations in the historical record, there will undoubtedly be errors, omissions and other such issues. It is the intention of Cork County Council’s Commemorations Committee that this will remain a ‘live document’ and all suggested additional dates/amendments/etc. are most welcome, with this document being continually updated as appropriate. Cork County Council’s Commemorations Committee recognises and wishes to pay tribute to the excellent research already undertaken by some excellent scholars regarding this time period and looks forward to further correspondence from community groups and other interested persons. It is the purpose of this document to provide such dates that will assist local community groups in the organising of their local centenary events. -
Artists' Exemption 1 April 2002
Artists’ Exemption Artists' Exemption - Individuals who received a favourable determination in the period 1 April 2002 - 30 December 2016 Section 195 TCA, 1997 A book or other writing (Category A) Name Type/Title Agnew, Sheila Evie Brooks Is Marooned In Manhattan Ahern, Bertie Bertie Ahern The Autobiography Ahern, Cecelia Ps I Love You Ahern, Garry Portmarnock, Its People and Townlands, A History Ahern, Michael The Quakers Of County Tipperary 1655-1924 Ahern, Michael Figures in Clonmel Landscape Ahern, Michael Clonmel County Gaol Ahern, Patricia The Lightkeeper Ahern, Patricia The Loneliest Boy In The World Ahonen, Markus Meduusa Aldous, Richard Book: "Tunes Of Glory". Allen, Elizabeth Last To Know Altamont, Lord Jeremy A life at Westport House Amsby, Alan Vincent Mr Pussy: Before I Forget to Remember Anderson, Glynn Patrick Birds Of Ireland, Facts Folklore & History Andrews, Gerard Shaped By History Ardiff, Karen The Secret Of My Face Ashe, Julian The Irish Book Of Lists Atwell, Sam Scripts Auge, Celeste The Essential Guide To Flight Baird, Julia Imagine This Baltassat, Jean-Daniel Novels Bannan, Sarah Weightless Barnes, Nigel A Dream Within A Dream - The Life Of Edgar Allan Poe Barnham, Kay Childrens Fiction: Barrett, Colin "U. YoungB.O.S." Skins Barrett, Edmond Nameless War Triology Barrett, Jennifer Look into the Eye Barrett, John kazuo ohno's world from without and within Barrett, Pauline The Addergoogle Titanic Story Barrington, Bernice Sisters and Lies =Fiction Barry, Kevin There Are Little Kingdoms Barry, Michael B Homage To Al-andalu The Rise And Fall Of Islamic Spain Barry, Orla Portable Stones Bartlett, Thomas Ireland A History Barton, Ruth Acting Irish In Hollywood Bashford Synnott, Marie "The Hope & Pride" Bateman, Colin MMM Orpheausrble Rising Battersby, Eileen H Salls"econdMMMMMMarble Readings Baume, Sarah Halls”Spill Si mmer Falter Wither Baxter, Gregory The Apartment Beattie, John Donegal In Old Photos Beggan, Raymond Winged Encounters. -
The Treaty and the Civil War
Unit 8: The Treaty and the Civil War Senior Cycle Worksheets PART II Contents Lesson 7-9 Phase 2: The Battle for Munster and Béal na mBláth Background: Phase 2: July-August 1922 3 Documents N-Q: Munster Republic 4 Comprehension and Criticism Questions: Docs N-Q 7 Newspaper Template: Task 4 8 Documents R-T3: The death of Michael Collins 10 Scene Storyboard Template: Task 5 16 Lessons 10-11 Phase 3: Guerrilla Warfare: August 1922-May 1923 Background: Phase III: August 1922- May 1923 17 Documents X-A1: Attacks and Executions 18 Comprehension and Criticism Questions 26 Pros and Cons Template: Task 6 27 Resources for Secondary Schools PHASE 2: JULY-AUGUST 1922 - THE BATTLE occurred during the two-week Battle of Kilmallock, which extended into the nearby villages of Bruff and Bruree FOR MUNSTER during which Free State forces under the command of Eoin O’Duffy placed the ATIRA under intense pressure. IRA units evacuated Dublin in early July 1922 and republicans were able to consolidate their control of sea landings Munster and the west. Isolated pro-Treaty units in Listowel and Sligo were quickly overwhelmed and the The republican positions finally broke after the NA Anti-Treaty IRA (ATIRA) held a defensive line across conducted surprise sea landings in Kerry and Cork in Munster, anchored by the cities of Limerick in the west early August. The ATIRA had anticipated such an assault, and Waterford in the east. The ATIRA Republican forces but the flimsy republican defences were no match for were comprised of numerous brigade and battalion determined NA troops.