Avian Influenza A/H5 Detection Kit for Taqman® Probe Assays

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Avian Influenza A/H5 Detection Kit for Taqman® Probe Assays Kit Part No. ASAY-ASY-0112 Avian Influenza A/H5 ® Detection Kit for TaqMan Probe Assays This kit and accompanying information is designed for the detection of avian influenza A/H5. This kit is for research use only and not for use in human diagnostic or epi- demiologic procedures. Refer to the Freeze-Dried Reagent Detection Kit Instruction Booklet for TaqMan Probes (ASAY-PRT-0130, Reverse Transcription PCR protocol for RNA) for protocols, reagent setup, results analysis, and additional information. Sample Specificity Isolated RNA This kit has demonstrated specific detection of avian influenza A/H5 versus a panel of 41 organisms, both related and unrelated (see back). Specificity was 100%. Software The instructions shown below are given for three R.A.P.I.D.® instrument models and software. Use the appropriate instructions for your system. System number can be found on the serial plate. Model 7200 Models 9200 and LT Select Influenza A Target 1 from the Select Influenza A Target 1 from the Batch Test menu on the software software wizard screen. If outcome of screen. If outcome of test is positive, test is positive, then run the Avian H5 then run the Avian H5 Target 1 test. Target 1 test. ASAY-PRT-0168-02 Avian Influenza A/H5 Detection Kit Validated Strains This validated Influenza A Target 1 assay shows no cross-reactivity against the fol- lowing organisms and strains: Adenovirus, n=2 Escherichia coli Human metapneumovirus, n=2 Shigella dysenteriae Human rhinovirus, n=2 Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi Influenza B, n=2 Parainfluenza virus type 1, n=2 Parainfluenza virus type 2, n=2 Parainfluenza virus type 3, n=2 Respiratory syncytial virus, n=2 This validated Avian Influenza (H5) Target 1 assay shows no cross-reactivity against the following organisms and strains: H3N2 (human), n=7 Parainfluenza virus type 1 Bacillus anthracis H1N1 (human), n=6 Parainfluenza virus type 2 Burkholderia mallei H1N2 (human), n=1 Parainfluenza virus type 3 Vaccinia (orthopox) H6N? (avian), n=1 Influenza B Yersinia pestis H7N? (avian), n=1 Adenovirus Francisella tularensis H10N? (avian), n=5 Human metapneumovirus Coxiella burnetii N11N? (avian), n=1 Human rhinovirus Brucella melitensis Respiratory syncytial virus Rickettsia prowazekii Human DNA E.coli O157:H7 (EHEC) Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi Shigella dysenteriae This validated Avian Influenza (H5) Target 1 assay was tested against and recog- nizes the following strains: H5N1 (human), n=12 H5N1 (avian), n=12 H5N1 (feline), n=2 Notes: The Influenza A Target 1 assay was positive when tested against 10 influ- enza A isolates from humans. Specificity testing of Influenza A Target 1 with non-H5 hemagglutinin subtypes is cur- rently in progress. Contact ITI for further information. n = number of independent isolates tested Avian Influenza A/H5 Detection Kit.
Recommended publications
  • Human Metapneumovirus Pcr
    Lab Dept: Microbiolgy/Virology Test Name: HUMAN METAPNEUMOVIRUS PCR General Information Lab Order Codes: HMPV Synonyms: hMPV PCR; Metapneumovirus PCR; Respiratory viruses, human Metapneumovirus (hMPV) PCR only CPT Codes: 87798 – Amplified probe technique, each organism Test Includes: Detection of human metapneumovirus in patients exhibiting symptoms of acute upper and /or lower respiratory tract infections by RT-PCR (Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction. Logistics Lab Testing Sections: Sendout Outs – Microbiology/Virology Phone Number: MIN Lab: 612-813-5866 STP Lab: 651-220-6655 Referred to: Mayo Medical Laboratories (FHMPV) and forwarded to Focus Diagnostics (49200) Test Availability: Specimens accepted daily, 24 hours Turnaround Time: 1 – 5 days Special Instructions: Requisition must state specific site of specimen and date/time of collection. Specimen Specimen Type: Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) specimens; nasopharyngeal aspirates; NP swabs (V-C-M medium green cap or equivalent UTM) in 3 mL M4 media. Container: Sterile screw cap container; swab transport media; viral transport media Volume: 0.7 mL nasal aspirates or BAL; NP swabs Collection: Nasal Aspiration 1. Prepare suction set up on low to medium suction. 2. Wash hands. 3. Put on protective barriers (e.g., gloves, gown, mask). 4. Place child supine and obtain assistant to hold child during procedure. 5. Attach luki tube to suction tubing and #6 French suction catheter. 6. Insert catheter into nostril and pharynx without applying suction. 7. Apply suction as catheter is withdrawn. 8. If necessary, suction 0.5 – 1 mL of normal saline through catheter in order to clear the catheter and increase the amount of specimen in the luki tube.
    [Show full text]
  • The Influence of Temperature and Rainfall in the Human Viral Infections a Influência Da Temperatura E Índice Pluviométrico Nas Infecções Virais Humanas
    Volume 1, Número 1, 2019 The influence of temperature and rainfall in the human viral infections A influência da temperatura e índice pluviométrico nas infecções virais humanas VIDAL, L. R. R.1*; PEREIra, L. A.1; DEBUR, M. C.2; RABONI, S. M.1,3; NOGUEIra, M. B.1,4; CavaLLI B.1; ALMEIDA, S. M.1,5 1 Virology Laboratory, Hospital de Clínicas da Universidade Federal do Paraná; 2 Molecular Biology Laboratory, Laboratório Central do Estado, Secretaria de Saúde do Estado do Paraná, 3 Departamento de Saúde Comunitária and Programa de Pós Graduação em Medicina Interna Infectious Diseases Department, Universidade Federal do Paraná; 4 Departamento de Análises Clínicas and Programa de Pós Graduação em Tocoginecologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná; *Corresponding Author: Luine Rosele Renaud Vidal Virology Laboratory, Setor de Ciências da Saúde, UFPR, Rua Padre Camargo, 280. Bairro Alto da Glória, CEP: 80.060-240 Phone number: +55 41 3360 7974 | E-mail: [email protected] DOI: https://doi.org/10.29327/226760.1.1-2 Recebido em 11/01/2019; Aceito em 15/01/19 Abstract It is well described by many authors the occurrence of viruses outbreaks that occurs annually at the same time. Epidemiological studies could generate important information about seasonality and its relation to outbreaks, population fluctuations, geographical variations, seasonal environmental. The purpose of this study was to show the influence of temperature and rainfall on the main viral diseases responsible for high rates of morbidity and mortality. Data were collected from samples performed at the Virology Laboratory of the Hospital de Clínicas da Universidade Federal do Paraná (HC-UFPR), which is a university tertiary hospital, in the period of 2003 to 2013.
    [Show full text]
  • E517.Full.Pdf
    Life-Threatening Human Metapneumovirus Pneumonia Requiring Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in a Preterm Infant Rolando Ulloa-Gutierrez, MD*; Peter Skippen, FRCPC‡; Anne Synnes, MDCM, MHSc§; Michael Seear, MD‡; Nathalie Bastien, PhD࿣; Yan Li, PhD࿣; and John C Forbes, MBChB* ABSTRACT. We present the first report in the literature the previous 12 hours, he had developed poor feeding, lethargy, of a child with human metapneumovirus pneumonia increasing cough, respiratory distress, and cyanosis. No history of who required extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for fever was documented. The patient’s father and 2 young siblings survival. This was a 3-month-old premature boy from each had experienced an uncomplicated, brief, nonfebrile, upper respiratory tract infection in the previous 3 weeks. British Columbia, Canada, who developed severe respi- This infant was born at 27 weeks of gestation (through cesarean ratory failure, experienced failure of high-frequency os- section, because of preterm labor), with a birth weight of 1200 g cillatory mechanical ventilation, and required extracor- and Apgar scores of 1 and 8 at 1 and 5 minutes, respectively. He poreal membrane oxygenation support for 10 days. This developed hyaline membrane disease and had a persistently case illustrates the importance of including this newly patent ductus arteriosus, which was treated with indomethacin. discovered pathogen among the causes of childhood Mechanical ventilation was required for 3 weeks. The patient was pneumonia. Pediatrics 2004;114:e517–e519. URL: www. discharged from the hospital at 2 months of age. Palivizumab was pediatrics.org/cgi/doi/10.1542/peds.2004-0345; human administered at 1 and 2 months of age, and the patient was metapneumovirus, viral pneumonia, prematurity, respira- scheduled to receive a third dose when he became ill.
    [Show full text]
  • Human Metapneumovirus Circulation in the United States, 2008 to 2014 Amber K
    Human Metapneumovirus Circulation in the United States, 2008 to 2014 Amber K. Haynes, MPH, a Ashley L. Fowlkes, MPH, b Eileen Schneider, MD,a Jeffry D. Mutuc, MPH,a Gregory L. Armstrong, MD, c Susan I. Gerber, MDa BACKGROUND: Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) infection causes respiratory illness, including abstract bronchiolitis and pneumonia. However, national HMPV seasonality, as it compares with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and influenza seasonality patterns, has not been well described. METHODS: Hospital and clinical laboratories reported weekly aggregates of specimens tested and positive detections for HMPV, RSV, and influenza to the National Respiratory and Enteric Virus Surveillance System from 2008 to 2014. A season was defined as consecutive weeks with ≥3% positivity for HMPV and ≥10% positivity for RSV and influenza during a surveillance year (June through July). For each virus, the season, onset, offset, duration, peak, and 6-season medians were calculated. RESULTS: Among consistently reporting laboratories, 33 583 (3.6%) specimens were positive for HMPV, 281 581 (15.3%) for RSV, and 401 342 (18.2%) for influenza. Annually, 6 distinct HMPV seasons occurred from 2008 to 2014, with onsets ranging from November to February and offsets from April to July. Based on the 6-season medians, RSV, influenza, and HMPV onsets occurred sequentially and season durations were similar at 21 to 22 weeks. HMPV demonstrated a unique biennial pattern of early and late seasonal onsets. RSV seasons (onset, offset, peak) were most consistent and occurred before HMPV seasons. There were no consistent patterns between HMPV and influenza circulations. CONCLUSIONS: HMPV circulation begins in winter and lasts until spring and demonstrates distinct seasons each year, with the onset beginning after that of RSV.
    [Show full text]
  • Metapneumovirus
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Erasmus University Digital Repository Metapneumovirus determinants of host range and replication Miranda de Graaf ISBN: 978-90-9023746-6 The research described in this thesis was conducted at the Department of Virology of Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, with financial support from the framework five grant “Hammocs” from the European Union and MedImmune Vaccines, USA. Printing of this thesis was financially supported by: Vironovative B.V., Viroclinics B.V., Greiner Bio-One. Cover art by Rosanne van der Meer and Miranda de Graaf Cartoons by Dirk-Jan de Graaf (p 61 and 143) Layout design by Aukje van Meeteren Printed by PrintPartners Ipskamp B.V Metapneumovirus determinants of host range and replication Metapneumovirus determinanten van gastheerspecificiteit en replicatie Proefschrift ter verkrijging van de graad van doctor aan de Erasmus Universiteit Rotterdam op gezag van de rector magnificus Prof.dr. S.W.J. Lamberts en volgens besluit van het College voor Promoties. De openbare verdediging zal plaatsvinden op donderdag 15 januari 2009 om 13.30 uur door: Miranda de Graaf geboren te Bergen (N.H.) Promotiecommissie Promotoren: Prof.dr. R.A.M. Fouchier Prof.dr. A.D.M.E. Osterhaus Overige leden: Prof.dr. A. van Belkum Prof.dr. M.P.G. Koopmans Prof.dr. B.K. Rima CONTENTS Page Chapter 1. General Introduction 1 Chapter 2. Recovery of human metapneumovirus genetic lineages A and B from 17 cloned cDNA Journal of Virology, 2004 Chapter 3. An improved plaque reduction virus neutralization assay for human 33 metapneumovirus Journal of Virological Methods, 2007 Chapter 4.
    [Show full text]
  • Human Metapneumovirus Infection in Adults As the Differential Diagnosis of COVID-19
    Turk J Intensive Care DOI: 10.4274/tybd.galenos.2020.62207 CASE REPORT / OLGU SUNUMU Lerzan Doğan, Human Metapneumovirus Infection in Adults as the Canan Akıncı, Zeynep Tuğçe Sarıkaya, Differential Diagnosis of COVID-19 Hande Simten Demirel Kaya, Rehile Zengin, COVID-19 Ayırıcı Tanısı Olarak Yetişkinlerde İnsan Orkhan Mammadov, Aylin İlksoz, Metapnömovirüs Enfeksiyonu İlkay Kısa Özdemir, Meltem Yonca Eren, Nazire Afsar, Sesin Kocagöz, ABSTRACT Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) is a respiratory tract virus identified 18 years prior İbrahim Özkan Akıncı to SARS-CoV-2. Both viruses cause acute respiratory failure characterised by a rapid onset of widespread inflammation in the lungs with clinical symptoms similar to those reported for other viral respiratory lung infections. HMPV, more generally known as childhood viral infection, causes Received/Geliş Tarihi : 13.11.2020 mild and self-limiting infections in the majority of adults, but clinical courses can be complicated Accepted/Kabul Tarihi : 07.12.2020 in risky groups and associated morbidity and mortality are considerable. Moreover, adults are not regularly screened for HMPV and the prevalence of adult HMPV infections in Turkey is unknown, with previous reports in the paediatric population. This should always be kept in mind during the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly when neurological complications are added to respiratory findings. In our study, two adult cases of HMPV pneumonia and encephalitis have been recorded. Lerzan Doğan, Zeynep Tuğçe Sarıkaya, Hande Simten Keywords: Acute respiratory infections, neurological involvement, wide respiratory screening Demirel Kaya, Orkhan Mammadov, Aylin İlksoz, İlkay Kısa Özdemir, İbrahim Özkan Akıncı ÖZ İnsan metapnömovirus (HMPV), SARS-CoV-2’den 18 yıl önce tanımlanan yeni solunum yolu Acıbadem Altunizade Hospital, Clinic of General virüsüdür.
    [Show full text]
  • A Report of Two Cases of Human Metapneumovirus Infection in Pregnancy Involving Superimposed Bacterial Pneumonia and Severe Respiratory Illness
    Case Report J Clin Gynecol Obstet. 2019;8(4):107-110 A Report of Two Cases of Human Metapneumovirus Infection in Pregnancy Involving Superimposed Bacterial Pneumonia and Severe Respiratory Illness Jordan P. Emonta, c, Kathleen S. Chunga, Dwight J. Rousea, b Abstract tion (URI) [2]. In a literature search on PubMed of “human metapneu- Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) is a cause of mild to severe res- movirus AND pregnant” and “human metapneumovirus AND piratory viral infection. There are few descriptions of infection with pregnancy”, we identified two case reports of severe HMPV HMPV in pregnancy. We present two cases of HMPV infection occur- infection in pregnant women in the USA, and one descrip- ring in pregnancy, including a case of superimposed bacterial pneu- tive report of 25 pregnant women infected with mild HMPV monia in a pregnant woman after HMPV infection. In the first case, infection in rural Nepal. In a case by Haas et al (2012), a a 40-year-old woman at 29 weeks of gestation developed an asthma 24-year-old woman at 30 weeks of gestation developed res- exacerbation in association with a positive respiratory pathogen panel piratory failure requiring intensive care unit (ICU) admission (RPP) for HMPV infection. She was admitted to the intensive care secondary to HMPV pneumonia [3]. The case by Fuchs et al unit (ICU) for progressive respiratory failure. In the second case, a (2017) describes an 18-year-old patient at 36 weeks of gesta- 36-year-old woman at 31 weeks of gestation developed respiratory tion admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU) for acute respira- distress in association with a positive RPP for HMPV.
    [Show full text]
  • Human Metapneumovirus Infection in Wild Mountain Gorillas, Rwanda
    surveillance efforts focus on risk for humans, mountain Human gorillas are immunologically naive and susceptible to infection with human pathogens. The parks in which Metapneumovirus mountain gorillas live are surrounded by the densest human populations in continental Africa. In addition, research and Infection in Wild gorilla ecotourism brings thousands of persons from the local communities and from around the world into direct Mountain Gorillas, and indirect contact with the gorillas. The frequency and Rwanda closeness of contact is particularly pronounced in Virunga National Park, where 75% of mountain gorillas are Gustavo Palacios, Linda J. Lowenstine, habituated to the presence of humans. Michael R. Cranfi eld, Kirsten V.K. Gilardi, Lucy To minimize the threat of disease transmission, the Spelman, Magda Lukasik-Braum, Rwandan, Ugandan, and Congolese governments restrict Jean-Felix Kinani, Antoine Mudakikwa, tourist numbers and proximity, and the Congolese wildlife Elisabeth Nyirakaragire, Ana Valeria Bussetti, authority mandates that masks be worn by persons visiting Nazir Savji, Stephen Hutchison, Michael Egholm, gorillas. Nonetheless, the frequency and severity of and W. Ian Lipkin respiratory disease outbreaks among mountain gorillas in the Virunga Massif have recently increased. From May The genetic relatedness of mountain gorillas and through August 2008, sequential respiratory outbreaks humans has led to concerns about interspecies transmission of infectious agents. Human-to-gorilla transmission may occurred in 4 groups of mountain gorillas accustomed to explain human metapneumovirus in 2 wild mountain gorillas tourism in Rwanda. Between June 28 and August 6, 2009, that died during a respiratory disease outbreak in Rwanda a fi fth outbreak occurred in 1 of these groups, Hirwa.
    [Show full text]
  • Human Metapneumovirus Fact Sheet Michigan Department of Community Health
    Human Metapneumovirus Fact Sheet Michigan Department of Community Health Discovered in 2001, human metapneumovirus (hMPV) is an enveloped Paramyxoviridae virus that is found worldwide.1 hMPV causes respiratory infection in humans of all ages and is spread by contact with respiratory secretions of infected persons or contaminated objects/surfaces. The incubation and contagious periods are not well defined but are probably similar to those of respiratory syncytial virus. Clinical Presentation hMPV infections range from mild respiratory illness to severe cough, bronchiolitis, pneumonia and exacerbation of preexisting respiratory conditions. The presentation is similar to respiratory syncytial virus infection and may also include high fever, myalgia, rhinorrhea, dyspnea, tachypnea, and wheezing. Severe cases may require hospitalization, oxygen, and mechanical ventilation.1,2 No antiviral medications specific to hMPV are currently available; treatment is symptomatic. Epidemiology hMPV is detected throughout the year, with peak activity often in late winter to early spring.3 Most individuals are infected by age 5 years but reinfection is possible.1 In children, hMPV has been detected in 1-5% of upper respiratory infections and 12% of lower respiratory tract infections.3,4 Although hMPV infection occurs in adults, the incidence is not well described. High-risk adults include the elderly, immunocompromised, transplant recipients and those with COPD.5,6,7,8,9 hMPV can cause respiratory outbreaks in a variety of settings. Laboratory Testing Since hMPV symptoms are similar to those of other human respiratory viruses, laboratory testing is required to diagnose hMPV. The most common method is PCR testing of respiratory specimens, which is available at the MDCH Bureau of Laboratories for outbreaks and also at some clinical laboratories.
    [Show full text]
  • Human Metapneumovirus
    F1000Research 2018, 7(F1000 Faculty Rev):135 Last updated: 17 JUL 2019 REVIEW Human metapneumovirus - what we know now [version 1; peer review: 2 approved] Nazly Shafagati, John Williams Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA First published: 01 Feb 2018, 7(F1000 Faculty Rev):135 ( Open Peer Review v1 https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.12625.1) Latest published: 01 Feb 2018, 7(F1000 Faculty Rev):135 ( https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.12625.1) Reviewer Status Abstract Invited Reviewers Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) is a leading cause of acute respiratory 1 2 infection, particularly in children, immunocompromised patients, and the elderly. HMPV, which is closely related to avian metapneumovirus subtype version 1 C, has circulated for at least 65 years, and nearly every child will be infected published with HMPV by the age of 5. However, immunity is incomplete, and 01 Feb 2018 re-infections occur throughout adult life. Symptoms are similar to those of other respiratory viral infections, ranging from mild (cough, rhinorrhea, and fever) to more severe (bronchiolitis and pneumonia). The preferred method F1000 Faculty Reviews are written by members of for diagnosis is reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction as HMPV the prestigious F1000 Faculty. They are is difficult to culture. Although there have been many advances made in the commissioned and are peer reviewed before past 16 years since its discovery, there are still no US Food and Drug publication to ensure that the final, published version Administration-approved antivirals or vaccines available to treat HMPV. Both small animal and non-human primate models have been established is comprehensive and accessible.
    [Show full text]
  • RSV and HMPV Infections in 3D Tissue Cultures: Mechanisms Involved in Virus-Host and Virus-Virus Interactions
    viruses Article RSV and HMPV Infections in 3D Tissue Cultures: Mechanisms Involved in Virus-Host and Virus-Virus Interactions Johan Geiser 1 , Guy Boivin 2, Song Huang 3, Samuel Constant 3, Laurent Kaiser 1,4, Caroline Tapparel 1 and Manel Essaidi-Laziosi 1,4,* 1 Department of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; [email protected] (J.G.); [email protected] (L.K.); [email protected] (C.T.) 2 Research Center in Infectious Diseases, CHU of Quebec and Laval University, Quebec City, QC 47762, Canada; [email protected] 3 Epithelix Sàrl, 1228 Geneva, Switzerland; [email protected] (S.H.); [email protected] (S.C.) 4 Division of Infectious Diseases, Geneva University Hospital, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: Respiratory viral infections constitute a global public health concern. Among prevalent respiratory viruses, two pneumoviruses can be life-threatening in high-risk populations. In young children, they constitute the first cause of hospitalization due to severe lower respiratory tract diseases. A better understanding of their pathogenesis is still needed as there are no approved efficient anti-viral nor vaccine against pneumoviruses. We studied Respiratory Syncytial virus (RSV) and human Metapneumovirus (HMPV) in single and dual infections in three-dimensional cultures, a highly relevant model to study viral respiratory infections of the airway epithelium. Our investigation showed that HMPV is less pathogenic than RSV in this model. Compared to RSV, Citation: Geiser, J.; Boivin, G.; HMPV replicated less efficiently, induced a lower immune response, did not block cilia beating, and Huang, S.; Constant, S.; Kaiser, L.; was more sensitive to IFNs.
    [Show full text]
  • Common Outbreak Organisms
    Common Outbreak Organisms January 25, 2010 Michelle Luscombe Dr. S. Hudson January – Bug of the Month Outline of Presentation Review basics on the respiratory and enteric organisms that occur most commonly in facility outbreaks How commonly do they occur in SCHR Features of the organisms Review facility resources Questions and Answers Common Respiratory Organisms See Appendix C of the Respiratory Outbreak Protocol (orange binder) Influenza Human Metapneumovirus (hMPV) Parainfluenza Virus Respiratory Syncytial Viruses (RSV) Coronavirus Entero/Rhinovirus How Common are Outbreaks in SCHR Health Care Facilities? ORGANISM Number of Outbreaks Influenza 11 outbreaks since 2006. The last Influenza outbreak was in May 2008 hMPV 7 outbreaks since 2008 (Human metapneumovirus) The last hMPV outbreak was in April 2010 Parainfluenza virus 10 outbreaks since 2006 The last Para outbreak was in January 2011 RSV 10 outbreaks since 2007 (Respiratory Syncytial virus) The last RSV outbreak was in February 2010 Coronavirus 7 outbreaks since 2008. The last outbreak was in December 2010 Entero/Rhinovirus 14 outbreaks since 2008. The last outbreak was in November 2010 Common Respiratory Organisms – Clinical Presentations All of the common respiratory organisms present with similar symptoms Definition of ILI – Acute onset of respiratory illness with fever and cough and one or more of the following: Arthralgia (aching joints) Myalgia (aching muscles) Sore throat Prostration (extreme tiredness) Which could be due to an influenza virus. See table on next slide for common signs and symptoms Clinical Presentation ORGANISM CLINICAL PRESENTATION Influenza Fever, cough – dry, harsh, or productive, nasal congestion, sore throat, aching muscles/joints (myalgia), general malaise, chest discomfort (usually severe), headache Human Fever, cough – dry, harsh, or productive, nasal congestion, sore metapneumovirus throat, aching muscles/joints (myalgia), general malaise.
    [Show full text]