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Early Tertiary Nonmarine Mollusca of New Mexico: a Review

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Early Tertiary Nonmarine Mollusca of New Mexico: a Review Early Tertiary nonmarine Mollusca of New Mexico: A review JOSEPH H. HARTMAN Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Minnesota, 310 Pillsbury Drive S.E., Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455 ABSTRACT ties and lack of published re-examination of these mollusks and Knowledge of early Tertiary nonmarine Mollusca of New their stratigraphic relations. This study reviews the molluscan tax- Mexico is limited because of poor geographic records of type locali- onomy and approximate geographic and stratigraphic position of ties and lack of published re-examination of these mollusks and existing collections mentioned in the published literature. Because a their stratigraphic relations. All published unequivocal early Ter- detailed taxonomic review is beyond the scope of this paper, origi- tiary records of Mollusca in New Mexico are from the Nacimiento nal generic assignments are used for the most part, but annotations (Paleocene) and San Jose (Eocene) Formations of northwestern are made for certain species. Many of these genera are assigned to Sandoval County. The five reported Nacimiento localities are families incorrectly and probably are incorrectly assigned at higher probably Torrejonian (middle Paleocene), although a Puercan taxonomic levels as well. Nonprimary type specimens occurring in (early Paleocene) age for two of the localities cannot be ruled New Mexico have received little study; they are herein illustrated out. Nacimiento species include (* indicates species known only (Fig. 1) and reviewed in detail. Primary types that have not been from type locality): Unio whitei? Henderson, Holospira grangeri figured adequately heretofore are also illustrated (Fig. 1). Cockerell*, Pupa leidyi? Meek, Polygyra? petrochlora Cockerell*, The record on nonmarine molluscan species reported from Oreohelix nacimientensis (White), O. n. steini Cockerell*, Helix New Mexico can be divided into four formations and three geogra- adipis White*, H. chriacorum Cockerell*, Viviparus meeki Wenz, phic areas: (1) definite early Tertiary records in the Nacimiento and V. cf. V. conradi (Meek and Hayden), and Lioplacodes San Jose Formations of northwestern Sandoval County and (2) tenuicarinata? (Meek and Hayden). The reported occurrence of possible early Tertiary records in the Raton Formation of Colfax Helix hesperarche Cockerell in New Mexico is doubtful. The one County and Ringbone Formation of southern Grant County. reported San Jose locality is middle Wasatchian (middle early In my review of localities and faunules from the Nacimiento Eocene) in age. San Jose species include (* indicates species known and San Jose Formations that follows, each museum-number entry only from type locality): Viviparus calamodontis (Cockerell)*, and represents one specimen unless otherwise stated. The type specimen Goniobasis carteri Conrad. Nonmarine mollusks from the Raton designation (for example, syntype) recorded here follows the desig- Formation in Colfax County and Ringbone Formation of southern nation provided by each institution, unless otherwise stated. Species Gran County may be of Late Cretaceous or early Tertiary age. The characterized by the same original locality description are grouped Raton and Ringbone mollusks are not temporally diagnostic, but under one locality (designated by locality number, for example, do indicate a nonmarine environment for the enclosing sediments. L388). However, this does not necessarily mean that all such species were collected from the same stratum. All specimens have been INTRODUCTION compared to original illustrations. All maps mentioned are U.S. Geological Survey topographic quadrangles (7.5 minute series, Knowledge of early Tertiary nonmarine Mollusca of New 1:24,000), and their publication dates are parenthetically given in Mexico is limited because of poor geographic records of type locali- the text of this report. Figure 1. Selected early Tertiary nonmarine Mollusca of New Mexico. (A-I) Helix adipis White, locality L388, USNM-I 20073: (A-D) cotype, A-= apertural view, B = right lateral view, C = apical view, D = abapical view. (E-I) cotype, E = apertural view, F = right lateral view, G = apical view, H = oblique, aperture parallel with coiling axis, I = abapical view. (J-L) Helix chriacorum Cockerell, locality L3282, AMNH-FI'22365, holotype (specimen-distorted): J = right lateral view, K = apical view, L = abapical view. (M) Lioplacodes tenuicarinata? (Meek and Hayden), locality L3279, AMNH-FI 22991: K = apertural view. (N, O) Viviparus meeki Wenz, locality L3279, AMNH-FI 22999: N = apertural view, O = right lateral view. (P, Q) Viviparus cf V. conradi (Meek and Hayden), locality L3279, AMNH-FI 22999: P = apertural view, Q = right lateral view. (R, S) Viviparus calamodontis? (Cockerell), locality L3283, AMNH-FI 22367: R = apertural view, S = right lateral view. (T-W) Viviparus calamodontis (Cockerell), locality L3283: (T) paratype, AMNH-FI 22995: T = right lateral view. (U, V) holotype, AMNH-FI 22996: U = right lateral view, V = abapertural view. (W) paratype, AMNH-FI 22995 (distorted specimen): W = abapertural view. Geological Society of America Bulletin, Part I, v. 92, p. 942-950, 2 figs., 3 tables, December 1981. 942 Downloaded from http://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/gsa/gsabulletin/article-pdf/92/12/942/3430034/i0016-7606-92-12-942.pdf by guest on 28 September 2021 4 mm A -M 10 mm Downloaded from http://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/gsa/gsabulletin/article-pdf/92/12/942/3430034/i0016-7606-92-12-942.pdf by guest on 28 September 2021 944 J. H. HARTMAN Abbreviations used in this report: son (1959) studied mammals from the type section and reported AMNH-FI American Museum of Natural History - Fossil that about 75% of the Nacimiento there was reliably of Torrejonian Invertebrate collection age. Baltz (1967) remeasured the type section and added 61 m of ANSP-IP Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadephia - strata to the bottom of the formation, thereby reducing to about Invertebrate Paleontology collection 55% the amount of the Nacimiento considered to be Torrejonian. USNM-I United States National Museum - Invertebrate Thus, on the basis of Simpson and-Baltz, mammal fossils are not Paleontology collection know from the upper 15 m and lower 91 to 99 m of the formation in USGS United States Geological Survey this area. Also, on the . basis of lithologic correlation, Baltz (1967) has suggested that Nacimiento strata of Puercan age are probably NONMARINE MOLLUSCA FROM THE present in this area. Although locality L388 was probably collected NACIMIENTO FORMATION from the strata assigned to the Torrejonian, a Puercan age for the locality cannot be ruled out. The only other locality.reported from All species of nonmarine Mollusca reported in the published the "Puerco" (L3280), was probably collected by the party led by literature from the Nacimiento Formation (Table 1) were collected J. L. Wortman party in. 1896, and reported by Cockerell (1914) as by vertebrate paleontologists or their collectors from 1882 to 1912 "probably Torrejon Formation." Wortman was clearly aware of the in northwestern Sandoval County. The geographic distribution of distinctiveness of the "Puerco" and "Torrejon" mammalian, hori- localities is delimited by the longitudes of Cuba, New Mexico zons (Matthew, 1897), but whether he made use of this distinction (106°57'30"W) to the upper reaches of Escavada Wash (about in the labeling of the mollusk specimens is uncertain. Henry 107°40'W) and by the latitudes of Nacimiento exposures between Fairfield Osborn's (1896) unpublished report on this expedition the underlying Ojo Alamo Formation and overlying San Jose mentions that the only successful collecting (mollusks are not spe- Formation. cifically mentioned) occurred in the "upper Puerco stratum" in a "fossil-bearing stratum ... of reddish colored clay," which is The Nacimiento Formation contains mammals that are the clearly Torrejonian in age. The land-mammal "age" of locality reference faunas of the Puercan and Torrejonian land-mammal L3280 is uncertain but most likely Torrejonion. "ages" (Simpson, 1948a, 1959). Almost all of the nonmarine mol- lusks are recorded from the "Torrejon beds," which , at the time of Our present understanding of age assignments of almost all collection (1896-1912), encompassed the stratigraphic interval Nacimiento mollusk species is based on their original reports. Only yielding mammals of Torrejonian age. The two "Puerco" records new collections tied to stratigraphic sections and land-mammal are reported by White (1886, locality L388) and Cockerall (1914, geochronology will more reliably define the ages of these species. locality L3280). There is little doubt that locality L388 was collected L388: White (1886, p. 15, 21, 26, 27) reported locality L388 as in the immediate vicinity of the type Nacimiento Formation (type from the "Puerco strata, near the town of Nacimiento" (approxi- "Puerco marls" of Cope, 1875) near Cuba (see under L388). Simp- mate present location of Cuba, New Mexico; see Simpson, 1959, for additional location information). This locality as assigned to USGS Mesozoic locality no. 601. The original label with the specimens TABLE 1. NONMARINE MOLLUSCA REPORTED FROM THE NACIMIENTO FORMATION records the locality as from the "Puerco Group . near the town of Nacimiento, New Mexico; at the headwaters of the Puerco of the Locality* Taxon| West." A rough sketch map of this area found with the fossils (but t L388 Helix adipis White, 1886 without an "x" indicating the location of the fossil locality) shows JL3282 Helix chriacorum
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