Appendix: Goodbye to Hebephrenia
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Do the Lifetime Prevalence and Prognosis of Schizophrenia Differ Among World Regions? Cheryl Lynn Smith
Claremont Colleges Scholarship @ Claremont CMC Senior Theses CMC Student Scholarship 2018 Do the Lifetime Prevalence and Prognosis of Schizophrenia Differ Among World Regions? Cheryl Lynn Smith Recommended Citation Smith, Cheryl Lynn, "Do the Lifetime Prevalence and Prognosis of Schizophrenia Differ Among World Regions?" (2018). CMC Senior Theses. 1978. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1978 This Open Access Senior Thesis is brought to you by Scholarship@Claremont. It has been accepted for inclusion in this collection by an authorized administrator. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Do the Lifetime Prevalence and Prognosis of Schizophrenia Differ Among World Regions? A Thesis Presented by Cheryl Lynn Smith To the Keck Science Department Of Claremont McKenna, Pitzer, and Scripps Colleges In partial fulfillment of The degree of Bachelor of Arts Senior Thesis in Human Biology 04/23/2018 LIFETIME PREVALENCE AND PROGNOSIS OF SCHIZOPHRENIA 1 Table of Contents Abstract …………………………………………………………...……………………… 2 1. Introduction………………………………………………...…………...……………… 3 2. Background Information ……………………………...……………………………….. 5 2.1 Historical Background of Schizophrenia ……………………....…………… 5 2.2 Lifetime Prevalence of Schizophrenia …………………………...…..……… 12 2.3 Prognosis in People with Schizophrenia ……………....………...…..……… 13 3. Methods …………………………………………...……………………..……………. 17 4. Results ……………………………………………...…………………….…….…….... 18 5. Discussion ……………………………………………...……………………………… 24 6. Acknowledgements …………………………………………...………………………. -
Sante De Sanctis (1862–1935), a Forerunner of the 20Th Century Research on Sleep and Dreaming Renato Foschi, Giovanni Pietro Lombardo, Giorgia Morgese *
Sleep Medicine 16 (2015) 197–201 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Sleep Medicine journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/sleep Historical Issues in Sleep Medicine Sante De Sanctis (1862–1935), a forerunner of the 20th century research on sleep and dreaming Renato Foschi, Giovanni Pietro Lombardo, Giorgia Morgese * Archive of the History of Psychology, History of Psychology Laboratory, Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Article history: This article aims to reconstruct the elements of continuity and/or discontinuity in Sante De Sanctis’ (1862– Received 8 May 2014 1935) contributions in the scientific understanding of sleep and dreaming as compared to the scientific Received in revised form 8 July 2014 research of his time. An Italian psychologist and psychiatrist, De Sanctis, in his work conducted between Accepted 1 August 2014 the 19th and 20th centuries, has framed the study of dreams using multi-methodology. In addition, De Available online 13 November 2014 Sanctis experimentally established the correspondence between the deep and desynchronization phases of sleep with respect to dreaming. In this context, De Sanctis’ subjects described the periodicity of Keywords: sleep and consciousness, influencing the explanations of the themes that modern sleep research has, after History of the dream psycho- and neurophysiology decades, systematically studied. We demonstrate that De Sanctis’ work has been underestimated, and Dreaming and sleeping phases in our opinion, deserves to be reconsidered as a source of the psychophysiological explanation of dreams REM and Non REM sleep and sleep. Finally, we present a graphical representation of De Sanctis’ psycho- and neurophysiological Activation-synthesis hypothesis model of dreaming. -
An Interview with William T. Carpenter, Jr., MD
CS eInterview An Interview with William T. Carpenter, Jr., MD schizophrenia clinical and research communities as the field Dr. William T. Carpenter, Jr. is a Profes- matured. sor at the University of Maryland School When the NIMH/NIH decided to discontinue respon- of Medicine and the Director of the sibility for publishing the Bulletin, it had dropped in pres- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center. tige and influence. In partnership with Oxford University He obtained his medical degree from the Press, we (the Maryland Psychiatric Research Center and the Wake Forest University School of Medi- Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of cine and undertook postgraduate training at the Univer- Medicine) assumed responsibility, beginning with the first sity of Rochester Medical Center. He began his research issue in 2005. The work is time consuming, but very gratify- career with the National Institute of Mental Health In- ing. The field has been tremendously responsive, enabling us tramural Program in 1966, using neuroendocrine strat- to publish high-quality themes, special features and original egies to study the psychobiology of affective disorders. data papers receiving rapid and rigorous review. I have been He has also been a collaborating investigator with the thrilled as the impact factor for the Bulletin has advanced World Health Organization’s International Pilot Study of from #30 of 92 psychiatric journals to #6 in just two years, Schizophrenia. Dr. Carpenter is the Editor-in-Chief for and to #3 of 84 social science journals. Schizophrenia Bulletin, serves on the editorial boards for Serving as editor has been a wonderful social experi- numerous other psychiatry journals, and has authored ence. -
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for Psychosis
BMJ Open: first published as 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-035062 on 28 May 2021. Downloaded from BMJ Open is committed to open peer review. As part of this commitment we make the peer review history of every article we publish publicly available. When an article is published we post the peer reviewers’ comments and the authors’ responses online. We also post the versions of the paper that were used during peer review. These are the versions that the peer review comments apply to. The versions of the paper that follow are the versions that were submitted during the peer review process. They are not the versions of record or the final published versions. They should not be cited or distributed as the published version of this manuscript. BMJ Open is an open access journal and the full, final, typeset and author-corrected version of record of the manuscript is available on our site with no access controls, subscription charges or pay-per-view fees (http://bmjopen.bmj.com). If you have any questions on BMJ Open’s open peer review process please email [email protected] http://bmjopen.bmj.com/ on September 26, 2021 by guest. Protected copyright. BMJ Open BMJ Open: first published as 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-035062 on 28 May 2021. Downloaded from For whom is Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) for psychosis most effective? Protocol for an IPD meta-analysis of randomised control trials comparing CBT versus standard care and other psychosocial interventions (Cognitive Behaviour Therapy for Psychosis: Individual Modifiers of ForPatient peer Response review -
Sante De Sanctis' Contribution to the Study of Dreams Between '800 And
Sante De Sanctis’ contribution to the study of dreams I J o D R Sante De Sanctis’ contribution to the study of dreams between ‘800 and ‘900 century: The originality of the integrated method Chiara Bartolucci, Giovanni Pietro Lombardo, & Giorgia Morgese University of Rome “Sapienza”, Italy Summary. The article reviews and analyzes Sante De Sanctis’ - an illustrious psychologist, psychiatrist and founder of the discipline of psychology in Italy - research on dream. The analysis of his study of dreams demonstrates how De Sanctis was the only Italian scholar to have broadened the experimental paradigm of Wundtian psychology using an original pluralistic method integrated with a theoretical perspective based on the study of the psychophysical reality of individuals in their totality. De Sanctis’ scientific work on dreams, documented in important national and international articles and monographs published in the 18th and 19th century, appears to exemplify his modern conceptualization of clinical-differential psychological research. Keywords: History of Psychology, Psychology of Dream, Sante De Sanctis, Methods of Experimental Psychology, Gen- eral and Differential Psychology of Dreams 1. Introduction carried out in accordance with the original psychological canons before the appearance of the psychoanalytic model Sante De Sanctis (1862-1935), psychologist and psychia- (e.g., Foschi & Lombardo, 2008; Pigman, 2002). trist, is one of the most representative figures in Italian sci- For Sante De Sactis the first sources of inspiration for the entific psychology (Cimino & Lombardo, 2004; Lombardo scientific analysis of dreams came from the tradition initiated & Cicciola, 2006). De Sanctis is considered to be one of by Jean-Martin Charcot (1825-1893) in Paris at Salpêtrière. -
Schizophrenia Clinical Practice Guidelines
Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists clinical practice guidelines for the management of schizophrenia and related disorders Cherrie Galletly1,2,3, David Castle4, Frances Dark5, Verity Humberstone6, Assen Jablensky7, Eóin Killackey8,9, Jayashri Kulkarni10,11, Patrick McGorry8,9,12, Olav Nielssen13 and Nga Tran14,15 Abstract Objectives: This guideline provides recommendations for the clinical management of schizophrenia and related disorders for health professionals working in Australia and New Zealand. It aims to encourage all clinicians to adopt best practice principles. The recommendations represent the consensus of a group of Australian and New Zealand experts in the management of schizophrenia and related disorders. This guideline includes the management of ultra-high risk syndromes, first-episode psychoses and prolonged psychoses, including psychoses associated with substance use. It takes a holistic approach, addressing all aspects of the care of people with schizophrenia and related disorders, not only correct diagnosis and symptom relief but also optimal recovery of social function. Methods: The writing group planned the scope and individual members drafted sections according to their area of interest and expertise, with reference to existing systematic reviews and informal literature reviews undertaken for this guideline. In addition, experts in specific areas contributed to the relevant sections. All members of the writing group reviewed the entire document. The writing group also considered relevant international -
African American Males Diagnosed with Schizophrenia: a Phenomenological Study
Virginia Commonwealth University VCU Scholars Compass Theses and Dissertations Graduate School 2011 African American Males Diagnosed With Schizophrenia: A Phenomenological Study Lorraine Anderson Virginia Commonwealth University Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd Part of the Nursing Commons © The Author Downloaded from https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/2563 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at VCU Scholars Compass. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of VCU Scholars Compass. For more information, please contact [email protected]. AFRICAN AMERICAN MALES DIAGNOSED WITH SCHIZOPHRENIA: A PHENOMENOLOGICAL STUDY A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at Virginia Commonwealth University. by LORRAINE B. ANDERSON Bachelor of Science in Nursing, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, 1968 Master of Science in Clinical Counseling, Our Lady of the Lake University, San Antonio, Texas, 1979 Master of Public Administration, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, 1992 Director: DEBRA E. LYON, PHD, RN, FNP-BC, FNAP PROFESSOR AND CHAIR, SCHOOL OF NURSING Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond, Virginia August 2011 ii Acknowledgements A scholarly dissertation is analogous to a special tapestry in that it reflects the orderly creative alignment of materials and ideas. I wish to thank members of my dissertation committee, Dr. Debra Lyon, Dr. Inez Tuck, Dr. Janet Colaizzi, Dr. Jeanne Salyer and Dr. Shaw Utsey for their facilitation of this weave. I was fortunate to have had the expertise and support of two committee chairs helping me appreciate the warp and the woof underlying the dissertation tapestry I sought to create. -
A Thesis Submitted to Kent State University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts
SCHIZOPHRENIA AND THE SENSE OF SELF A thesis submitted To Kent State University in partial Fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts by Aubrey Marie Moe May 2012 Thesis written by Aubrey Marie Moe B.A., University of California, Irvine, 2008 M.A., Kent State University, 2012 Approved by Nancy M. Docherty, Ph.D. Advisor Maria S. Zaragoza, Ph.D. Chair, Department of Psychology Timothy Moerland, Ph.D. Dean, College of Arts and Sciences ii TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES…………………………………………………….…iv LIST OF FIGURES……………………………………………………....v INTRODUCTION……………………………………………………….7 Ipseity-Disturbance Model……………………………………….8 Source-Monitoring…………………………………………….....11 Emotion Perception and Social Functioning……………………..12 Sense of Self in the Present Study……………………………….12 Study Aims………………………………………………………15 Hypotheses…………………………………………………….…17 METHODS……………………………………………………………....18 Participants………………………………………………..……...18 Measures………………………………………….……………...22 Analysis………...…………………………….….….………........34 RESULTS……………………….……………………………………….37 iii Demographics, Symptoms, and Functioning….………….…...…37 Multivariate Analysis of Variance………..……………………...39 Follow-up Multivariate Analysis of Covariance………………....40 Sense of Self Scores and Specific Phenomena……….…..…...…40 DISCUSSION………………….……………………………………...…45 Summary of Findings…………………………………………….45 Interpretation of Findings………………………………………..46 Unsupported Hypotheses………………………………………...48 Theoretical Significance of Findings…………………………….49 Limitations……………………………………………………….52 Future Directions………………………………………………...53 -
Long-Term Risk of Dementia in Persons with Schizophrenia a Danish Population-Based Cohort Study
Research Original Investigation Long-term Risk of Dementia in Persons With Schizophrenia A Danish Population-Based Cohort Study † Anette Riisgaard Ribe, MD; Thomas Munk Laursen, PhD; Morten Charles, MD, PhD; Wayne Katon, MD ; Morten Fenger-Grøn, MSc; Dimitry Davydow, MD, MPH; Lydia Chwastiak, MD, MPH; Joseph M. Cerimele, MD, MPH; Mogens Vestergaard, MD, PhD Editorial page 1075 IMPORTANCE Although schizophrenia is associated with several age-related disorders and Supplemental content at considerable cognitive impairment, it remains unclear whether the risk of dementia is higher jamapsychiatry.com among persons with schizophrenia compared with those without schizophrenia. OBJECTIVE To determine the risk of dementia among persons with schizophrenia compared with those without schizophrenia in a large nationwide cohort study with up to 18 years of follow-up, taking age and established risk factors for dementia into account. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This population-based cohort study of more than 2.8 million persons aged 50 years or older used individual data from 6 nationwide registers in Denmark. A total of 20 683 individuals had schizophrenia. Follow-up started on January 1, 1995, and ended on January 1, 2013. Analysis was conducted from January 1, 2015, to April 30, 2015. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Incidence rate ratios (IRRs) and cumulative incidence proportions (CIPs) of dementia for persons with schizophrenia compared with persons without schizophrenia. RESULTS During 18 years of follow-up, 136 012 individuals, including 944 individuals with a history of schizophrenia, developed dementia. Schizophrenia was associated with a more than 2-fold higher risk of all-cause dementia (IRR, 2.13; 95% CI, 2.00-2.27) after adjusting for age, sex, and calendar period. -
Hearing Voices” and Exceptional Experiences Renaud Evrard
From symptom to difference: “hearing voices” and exceptional experiences Renaud Evrard To cite this version: Renaud Evrard. From symptom to difference: “hearing voices” and exceptional experiences. Journal of the Society for Psychical Research, Society for Psychical Research (Great Britain), 2014, 78 (3), pp.129-148. halshs-02137157 HAL Id: halshs-02137157 https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-02137157 Submitted on 22 May 2019 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. FROM SYMPTOM TO DIFFERENCE: “HEARING VOICES” AND EXCEPTIONAL EXPERIENCES By RENAUD EVRARD ABSTRACT Traditionally considered psychopathological auditory-verbal hallucinations, the voices heard by patients, but also by many people from the general population, are currently the subject of much attention from researchers, clinicians and public authorities. One might think that voice hearing is a psychopathological experience that has little to do with parapsychological phenomenology, except when information is ostensibly acquired paranormally under the form of a voice. But paranormal and spiritual interpretations of voices are ubiquitous in many studies of voice hearing, and even are outstanding examples of salutogenic appraisals of psychotic-like experiences. The research on the type of appraisal along the axes of internal / external or personal / impersonal provides direct guidance on clinical intervention strategies. -
Notes on the History of Schizophrenia
Reprinted from the German Journal of Psychiatry · http://www.gjpsy.uni-goettingen.de · ISSN 1433-1055 Notes on the History of Schizophrenia Theocharis Chr. Kyziridis University Hospital of Larissa, University of Thessalia Medical School, Larissa, Greece Corresponding author: Theocharis Chr. Kyziridis, University Hospital of Larissa, University of Thessalia Medical School, Larissa, Greece, 2 Petrombei street, 4, 1221, Larissa, Greece Abstract Schizophrenia still remains an enigma although it is considered to be among the most common psychiatric disturbances. The word is less than 100 years old but it has probably accompanied mankind throughout its whole history. It was first identified as a discrete mental illness by Emil Kraepelin in 1887, who had used the word dementia preacox to de- fine it. Eugen Bleuler used the word schizophrenia for the first time in 1911. Knowledge of the historic evolution of schizophrenia enables us to understand the different concepts in the comprehension of the pathogenesis of the disease and how the definition, the ideas about its aetiology and its treatment have emerged (German J Psychiatry 2005;8:42- 48). Keywords: History, psychiatry, schizophrenia, Kraepelin Received:28.6.2005 Published:15.7.2005 Book of Hearts, which is part of the Eber papyrus. Heart Introduction and mind seem to have been synonymous in ancient Egypt. The psychical illnesses were regarded as symptoms of the heart and the uterus and originating from the blood vessels “All the world’s mad except thee and me, or from purulence, faecal matter, a poison or demons. In and even thee’s a little cracked.” most cases the Egyptians apparently looked upon the mental diseases as physical illnesses. -
Predicting Subclinical Psychotic-Like Experiences on a Continuum Using Machine Learning
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/380162; this version posted May 4, 2021. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. Predicting subclinical psychotic-like experiences on a continuum using machine learning Jeremy A Taylor1,2, Kit Melissa Larsen2-5, Ilvana Dzafc1-3,6, Marta I Garrido1-3,6 1 Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Australia 2 Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Australia 3 Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Integrative Brain Function 4 Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital - Amager and Hvidovre, Copenhagen, Denmark 5 Child and Adolescent Mental Health Care, Mental Health Services Capital Region Copenhagen, University of Copenhagen, Denmark 6 Centre for Advanced Imaging, University of Queensland, Australia Correspondence Jeremy Taylor Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne Redmond Barry Building, Tin Alley, Parkville, Victoria, Australia [email protected] Keywords schizotypy, schizophrenia, psychosis, mismatch negativity, regularity learning Acknowledgements We would like to thank Clare Harris and Moritz Bammel for contributions toward data collection and Roshini Randeniya for assistance with dynamic causal modelling analysis. Funding Tis work was supported by the Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Integrative Brain Function (ARC Centre Grant CE140100007), a University of Queensland Fellowship (2016000071) and a Foundation Research Excellence Award (2016001844) to MIG. Confict of Interest Te authors declare no competing fnancial interests. bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/380162; this version posted May 4, 2021.