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One Identity Privilege Manager for Unix Administration Guide One Identity Privilege Manager for Unix 6.1.1 Administration Guide Copyright 2020 One Identity LLC. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. This guide contains proprietary information protected by copyright. The software described in this guide is furnished under a software license or nondisclosure agreement. This software may be used or copied only in accordance with the terms of the applicable agreement. No part of this guide may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording for any purpose other than the purchaser’s personal use without the written permission of One Identity LLC . The information in this document is provided in connection with One Identity products. No license, express or implied, by estoppel or otherwise, to any intellectual property right is granted by this document or in connection with the sale of One Identity LLC products. EXCEPT AS SET FORTH IN THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS AS SPECIFIED IN THE LICENSE AGREEMENT FOR THIS PRODUCT, ONE IDENTITY ASSUMES NO LIABILITY WHATSOEVER AND DISCLAIMS ANY EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY WARRANTY RELATING TO ITS PRODUCTS INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, OR NON- INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL ONE IDENTITY BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE, SPECIAL OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, DAMAGES FOR LOSS OF PROFITS, BUSINESS INTERRUPTION OR LOSS OF INFORMATION) ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THIS DOCUMENT, EVEN IF ONE IDENTITY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. One Identity makes no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this document and reserves the right to make changes to specifications and product descriptions at any time without notice. One Identity does not make any commitment to update the information contained in this document. If you have any questions regarding your potential use of this material, contact: One Identity LLC. Attn: LEGAL Dept 4 Polaris Way Aliso Viejo, CA 92656 Refer to our Web site (http://www.OneIdentity.com) for regional and international office information. Patents One Identity is proud of our advanced technology. Patents and pending patents may apply to this product. For the most current information about applicable patents for this product, please visit our website at http://www.OneIdentity.com/legal/patents.aspx. Trademarks One Identity and the One Identity logo are trademarks and registered trademarks of One Identity LLC. in the U.S.A. and other countries. For a complete list of One Identity trademarks, please visit our website at www.OneIdentity.com/legal. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. Legend WARNING: A WARNING icon highlights a potential risk of bodily injury or property damage, for which industry-standard safety precautions are advised. This icon is often associated with electrical hazards related to hardware. CAUTION: A CAUTION icon indicates potential damage to hardware or loss of data if instructions are not followed. Privilege Manager for Unix Administration Guide Updated - March 2020 Version - 6.1.1 Table of Contents One Identity Privileged Access Suite for Unix 18 About this guide 19 Introducing Privilege Manager for Unix 21 What is Privilege Manager for Unix 22 Benefits of Privilege Manager for Unix 22 How Privilege Manager for Unix protects 23 Partition root safely 23 Create an indelible audit trail 24 Encryption 24 How Privilege Manager for Unix works 25 Policy configuration file (pmpolicy security policy) 26 Policy group 28 Planning Deployment 30 System requirements 31 Supported platforms 32 Reserve special user and group names 33 Required privileges 33 Estimating size requirements 33 Privilege Manager licensing 34 Deployment scenarios 35 Single host deployment 36 Medium business deployment 36 Large business deployment 37 Enterprise deployment 38 Installation and Configuration 40 Downloading Privilege Manager for Unix software packages 41 Quick start and evaluation 41 Privilege Manager for Unix 6.1.1 Administration Guide 3 Installing the Management Console 41 Uninstalling the Management Console 42 Configure a Primary Policy Server 43 Checking the server for installation readiness 43 TCP/IP configuration 44 Firewalls 44 Hosts database 45 Reserve special user and group names 45 Applications and file availability 45 Policy server daemon hosts 46 Local daemon hosts 46 Installing the Privilege Manager packages 46 Modifying PATH environment variable 47 Configuring the primary policy server for Privilege Manager for Unix 47 pmpolicy server configuration settings 48 Verifying the primary policy server configuration 53 Recompile the whatis database 54 Join hosts to policy group 54 Joining PM Agent to a Privilege Manager for Unix policy server 54 Configure a secondary policy server 59 Installing secondary servers 59 Configuring a secondary server 60 Synchronizing policy servers within a group 60 Install PM Agent on a remote host 60 Checking PM Agent host for installation readiness 61 Installing a PM Agent on a remote host 61 Joining the PM Agent to the primary policy server 62 Verifying PM Agent configuration 63 Load balancing on the client 63 Remove configurations 64 Uninstalling the Privilege Manager software packages 64 Upgrade Privilege Manager for Unix 66 Before you upgrade 66 Upgrading Privilege Manager packages 66 Upgrading the server package 67 Privilege Manager for Unix 6.1.1 Administration Guide 4 Upgrading the PM Agent package 67 Removing Privilege Manager packages 67 Removing the server package 68 Removing the PM Agent package 68 System Administration 69 Reporting basic policy server configuration information 69 Checking the status of the master policy 70 Checking the policy server 70 Checking policy server status 71 Checking the PM Agent configuration status 71 Installing licenses 72 Displaying license usage 72 Listing policy file revisions 74 Viewing differences between revisions 74 Backup and recovery 75 Managing Security Policy 77 Security policy types 77 Specifying security policy type 79 pmpolicy type policy 79 Modifying complex policies 80 Viewing the security profile changes 81 The Privilege Manager for Unix Security Policy 83 Default profile-based policy (pmpolicy) 83 Policy profiles 83 Profile-based policy files 84 Profile selection 86 Profile variables 86 Exploring profiles 104 Customizing the default profile-based policy (pmpolicy) 106 Customization example - pf_forbidusers list 107 Policy scripting tutorial 109 Install the example policy file 109 Create test users 111 Set Lesson number variable 112 Privilege Manager for Unix 6.1.1 Administration Guide 5 Introductory lessons 112 Lesson 1: Basic policy 113 Lesson 2: Conditional privilege 114 Lesson 3: Specific commands 115 Lesson 4: Policy optimization with list variables 115 Lesson 5: Keystroke logging 116 Lesson 6: Conditional keystroke logging 117 Lesson 7: Policy optimizations 119 Advanced lessons 120 Lesson 8: Controlling the execution environment 120 Lesson 9: Flow control 121 Lesson 10: Basic menus 122 Sample policy files 123 Main policy configuration file 123 Lesson 1 Sample: Basic policy 125 Lesson 2 Sample: Conditional privilege 126 Lesson 3 Sample: Specific commands 127 Lesson 4 Sample: Policy optimizations with list variables 128 Lesson 5 Sample: Keystroke logging 129 Lesson 6 Sample: Conditional keystroke logging 130 Lesson 7 Sample: Policy optimizations 131 Lesson 8 Sample: Controlling the execution environment 133 Lesson 9 Sample: Flow control 135 Lesson 10 Sample: Basic menus 136 Advanced Privilege Manager for Unix Configuration 138 Privilege Manager shells 138 Privilege Manager shell features 139 Forbidden commands 140 Allowed commands 140 Allowed piped commands 140 Check shell built-in commands 141 Read-only variable list 141 Running a shell in restricted mode 141 Additional shell considerations 142 Configuring Privilege Manager for policy scripting 144 Privilege Manager for Unix 6.1.1 Administration Guide 6 Configuration prerequisites 144 Configuration file examples 145 Example 1: Basics 146 Example 2: Accept or reject requests 147 Example 3: Command constraints 148 Example 4: Lists 149 Example 5: I/O logging, event logging, and replay 149 Example 6: More complex policies 152 Example 7: Use variables to store constraints 152 Example 8: Control the run-time environment 153 Example 9: Switch and case statements 155 Example 10: Menus 156 Use the while loop 158 Use parallel lists 158 Best practice policy guidelines 159 Multiple configuration files and read-only variables 161 Mail 162 Environmental variables 162 NIS netgroups 163 Specify trusted hosts 163 Configuring firewalls 163 Privilege Manager port usage 163 Restricting port numbers for command responses 164 Configuring pmtunneld 165 Configuring Network Address Translation (NAT) 166 Configuring Kerberos encryption 166 Configuring certificates 167 Enable configurable certification 168 Configuring alerts 169 Configuring Pluggable Authentication Method (PAM) 170 Utilizing PAM authentication 171 Authenticate PAM to client 171 Administering Log and Keystroke Files 173 Controlling logs 173 Local logging 174 Privilege Manager for Unix 6.1.1 Administration Guide 7 Event logging 175 Keystroke (I/O) logging 176 Keystroke (I/O) logging policy variables 177 Central logging with Privilege Manager for Unix 179 Controlling log size with Privilege Manager for Unix 180 Viewing the log files using a web browser 181 Viewing
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