YOUR INFORMATION CONNECTION WWW.LIB.UCONN.EDU NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2002

Calling All Faculty 2002 Raab Associates Prize

Brinley Franklin Susan Salzman Raab, UConn ‘80, Director of University Libraries manages her own children’s book marketing agency, Raab Associates, in Chappaqua, NY. In 1999, she e’ve got a problem. established an annual prize for the best The entire higher illustration of a children’s story education community designed by a UConn art student. The W prize, coordinated by Terri Goldich, is suffering from an internal hemorrhage otherwise known as curator of the Northeast Children’s Literature Collection at the Dodd the crisis in scholarly publications. Center, in cooperation with the School And the cure is in your hands. of Fine Arts, seeks to bring attention In the midst of the current to the field of children’s book economic downturn, at a time when the cost of illustration and to encourage students tuition for public and private higher education is who have an interest in the arts and inflating by double digits, one cost driver in higher publishing. Professor Cora Lynn Deibler assigns an entry for the contest as part of her curriculum. This year’s assignment education is increasing even faster than tuition: the was to create an illustration to accompany a poem, “Blueberry Summer,” by author/illustrator Jane Yolen. price of scholarly publications. Because the students produced an unusually diverse and fine body of entries, a decision was made to spit the prize. First Have you noticed the 15-20% tuition increases place was awarded to senior Danielle Lorde, who received a check for $300. Esther Cushing, a ninth semester student, and this year at some of the nation’s best public univer- Tommy Rosa, a senior, shared second place; each received a check for $100. (Left to right) Esther Cushing, professor Cora sities? Are you shocked? Then take a look at what Lynn Deibler, Tommy Rosa, author Jane Yolen, and Danielle Lorde the library is paying this year, as compared to last year, for some of our journal subscriptions.

% Journal 2002 2003 Increase New Library Services for UConn Reproduction and Abstract Studies $ 670 $ 963 43.60 Ecology Letters $ 856 $ 1173 37.03 Community Via Membership In Women’s Studies $ 515 $ 669 29.90 Angewandte Chemie $ 2878 $ 3718 29.19 Boston Library Consortium Inhalation Toxicology $ 910 $ 1146 25.93 American Journal of LC Borrower’s Card The University of students, faculty, and staff of BLC member institu- Community Psychology $ 655 $ 819 25.04 Connecticut Libraries joined the Boston tions. Participating BLC libraries include those at BLibrary Consortium (BLC) in August, Boston College, Boston University, Brandeis, What can be done about this situation and how securing important benefits for the UConn academic Northeastern, Tufts, UMass/Amherst, UMass/ do faculty factor into the prices publishers charge? community, one of which is borrowing privileges at Boston, UConn, UNH and Williams College. Universities and their faculties have created a consortium libraries. With the exception of the This live reference service is available on the reward system that sets the stage for scholarly Health Center and Law School communities, web 24 hours/day, seven days a week, offering an publishers to benefit. Junior faculty members must UConn faculty, staff, visiting scholars, graduate and alternative to the web search engines used by publish in academic journals to earn tenure. Senior undergraduate students, and retirees are eligible for researchers and students working at any hour of the faculty members often seek the recognition afforded a BLC Borrower’s Card. day or night. The service is currently in pilot by serving on the editorial staff of refereed journals BLC libraries offering borrowing privileges project mode; give it a try at http:// and by publishing in them. include: Boston College, Boston Public, Boston www.library.brandeis.edu/247/24-7.html Once considered a friendly partner of the University, Brandeis, Brown, Woods Hole Oceano- research community, some academic publishers graphic Institution, MIT, Northeastern, State We welcome and appreciate any feedback you have discovered that a handsome profit can be made Library of Massachusetts, Tufts, UMass (all cam- can provide regarding your experience with these from scholarly publications and have yielded to puses), UNH, Wellesley, and Williams. Member new services. Direct comments on the BLC their more egregious commercial instincts. More- libraries establish their own circulation privileges Borrower’s Card to Nancy Orth at Continued on page 4 and policies. All allow in-house use of materials [email protected] or 860-486-3990. Comments without the BLC card except Northeastern and on the ASK24/7 Service can be sent to David Brown; you will need a BLC card to use those McChesney at [email protected] or 860- Inside UCONNLibraries collections on site. 486-1251. To get your BLC Borrower’s Card, apply at any Founded in 1970, the Boston Library Consor- UConn Libraries’ circulation desk. You must have tium is a cooperative association of nineteen PAGE 2 Collections & Services an active, unblocked patron record in our patron file academic and research libraries. Its purpose is to PAGE 3 Tracking Archival Resources in the to qualify. If you have questions about the BLC share human and information resources so that the Tropics card, please contact Barbara Vizoyan at collective strengths of the group advance the PAGE 5 Terese Ridgeway: A Profile of the Artist [email protected] or 860-486-1155. research and learning of the members’ constituents. PAGE 6 The Digital Collections Program • “Hot The consortium supports resource sharing and Issues” Forum at UConn/Greater Hartford BLC ASK 24/7 Service Reference librarians enhancement of services to users through programs PAGE 7 Staff News • Exhibits Through working in ten of the BLC libraries, and supported in cooperative collecting, access to electronic December 27, 2002 by other reference librarians from around the world, resources, access to physical collections, and PAGE 8 Exhibits Through December 27, 2002 have initiated an online, round-the-clock academic enhanced interlibrary loan and document delivery. research reference service, BLC ASK 24/7, for the Read more about the BLC at http://www.blc.org/.

November/DecemberAvery Point 2002Greater Hartford Stamford1 Storrs Torrington UCONNWaterburyLibraries Collections & Services

As was typical of labor disputes of the time, Major Grant Funds Phase II of CT History Online employees were seeking a closed shop, increased wages, and better working conditions. Management he Institute for Museum and Library centuries. The site also contains curriculum resisted, and labor disputes resulted in what became Services (IMLS) has awarded a second materials designed to assist history and social the first citywide strike in Connecticut history. T major grant to a statewide consortium of studies teachers. The Y&T collection documents the strike that Connecticut libraries and historical organizations The second phase of the project will focus on began with a walkout by more than 3000 workers to continue the development of Connecticut adding materials from two new partners—the on November 7, 1945. Archival records include History Online (CHO), the largest digital Connecticut State Library and the New Haven local and national press clippings, oral history, and collection of historical images of the state. Colony Historical Society. Other goals for the research conducted by David Kelly for his 1988 The new grant of $498,770 has been awarded second phase include digitizing different types of thesis at Yale University, entitled “The Strike at Yale to the Thomas J. Dodd Research Center along historical materials. Plans call for adding images & Towne and the Stamford General Strike.” A with four other partners: the Connecticut Histori- of museum artifacts, maps, and broadsides as well recorded interview recalls the memories of the first cal Society, Mystic Seaport, the Connecticut State as audio and video materials. Yet another goal general counsel of the machinist union, who de- Library, and the New Haven Colony Historical will be to develop methods for allowing other scribes a dramatic pistol shot that cut off the plant’s Society. Senator Christopher Dodd commented on historical repositories to add their materials to power and symbolized the walkout. the announcement, “This is an innovative initia- CHO. The strike received national attention when Life tive that blends the past with the technology of Tom Wilsted, director of the Dodd Center, Magazine published “Stamford Union Stages Short today. The result is the preservation of a treasure serves as project director; a project coordinator, General Strike” in its January 14, 1946 edition. “For trove of Connecticut history that people can based in the Dodd Center, will be hired in early almost three hours” Life reported, “almost all access easily, both now and in the future.” 2003. Other staff will be hired at partner sites. businesses and industrial activities in the city came The initial phase of CHO was developed by Initial planning meetings of partner staff are to a halt.” Ten thousand unionists and onlookers the original project partners—the Dodd Center, the underway, anticipating the project’s official were reported to have marched on Town Hall to Connecticut Historical Society, and Mystic beginning on December 31, 2002. For more sympathize with Y&T strikers and to protest the Seaport—and was supported by an IMLS grant of information on CHO go to http:// state’s interference with picketers. $335,000. More than 14,000 images are now in www.cthistoryonline.org/ Recently donated to the collection is an original the database, covering the 18th, 19th, and 20th map of the immense 25-acre complex with its employee housing, company store, apprentice school, foundry, and numerous other plant sites New Software Links on the business map in the 1800s, and part of its spread over 35 separate buildings. Oral histories company and labor history is now preserved in the evoke a wide range of memories, including that of Citations to Full Text Jeremy Richard Library at UConn/Stamford. an employee describing the plant’s 24-hour-day Over the last 20 years, half of the million defense work operation during the 1940s and The library has purchased new software—LinkFinder square foot manufacturing complex has been narration by a former tool and dye apprentice in the Plus—that will reduce the work required to locate demolished, and many former employees have died, 1920s. Photographs and clippings track the the full text of a journal article and related informa- leaving their memories unrecorded. A call for company’s good times and bad, from men’s and tion. Currently, users must complete a series of stories and documents by The Historic Neighborhood women’s company sports teams, who competitively steps to determine if access to the full text of an News, Spring 2000, published by the Stamford played one another, to lung diseases lurking within article is available in print or online. These steps Historic Neighborhood Preservation Program, the iron foundry that inspired a story in the 1934 are not always part of the search process for articles, generated the basis of the collection, which traces New York Herald, “Grim Death Haunts Workers in but when they are, LinkFinder Plus technology will the company’s almost 100-year relationship with the Y&T Foundry.” reduce their number significantly. community. Richard Library is the permanent repository for Here’s how it works. When the full text or a Linus Yale and Henry Towne established what the Y&T archive, thanks to the donation by the Yale substantial abstract of an article is available, a was originally called the Yale Lock Company in & Towne Project and their grant from the Connecti- LinkFinder Plus icon will appear next to the citation 1869. While Yale was the ingenious inventor of the cut Humanities Council. Project leaders included indicating that the patron can simply “click here” five-pin or cylinder lock, Towne was the entrepre- UConn/Stamford history professor Mary Cygan, for a direct link to the full text/abstract. LinkFinder neur who developed efficient ways to mass-produce Historic Neighborhood Preservation Program Plus also will provide additional services based on the new, compact lock. The South End “Factory director Renee Kahn, and Heather Alexander. the patron’s request. For example, a user can select District” of Stamford proved to be the ideal location Professor Cygan directed her undergraduate an option to search the Internet, Amazon.com, and for the plant, near the mouth of the Mill River and students in collecting primary and secondary other library catalogs for other publications by the the New York/New Haven Railroad line. Eager sources for the project. The students conducted most same author. Further, references cited at the end of immigrant workers, who had settled in the area of the interviews of former employees included in the primary article are also eligible for a LinkFinder since the late 1840s, quickly filled the pool of the oral histories and organized the many photo- Plus icon. skilled and unskilled labor. Stamford experienced graphs donated by the Stamford Historical Society. Library staff are optimistic about the potential tremendous growth during the company’s first Yale & Towne Manufacturing Company records, of LinkFinder Plus to assist patrons in locating the twenty years, and Y&T went on to become the 1868-2001, can be searched through HOMER and information they need. This new function is now leading manufacturer of locks in the world. are available by appointment by contacting the available with these library databases: First Search, When the company first opened, it employed 34 Jeremy Richard Library. A complete description of HW Wilson, Gale, EBSCOhost, Dialog, ISI, and people. By 1916, 6500 of Stamford’s 35,000 residents the collection is available at http:// ProQuest. Over time, we hope that more databases were working at Y&T. Stamford prided itself on www.lib.uconn.edu/stamford/history/ also will become compliant with LinkFinder Plus. being referred to as “Lock City.” Tragically, its Yale_Towne.html.
Some other libraries that have implemented this reliance on a single industry well into the 20th function include those at Auburn, Cornell, the century meant that the 21-week strike that began in National Library of Medicine, UMass/Darthmouth, the winter of 1945 would affect nearly every family
UConn/ANC Archives Pennsylvania, and Worcester Polytechnic Institute. in Stamford. Project Update

Work on the second phase of the project to organize Unlocking Labor and catalog the ANC archives in South Africa History at Stamford: began in August 2002 with the employment of eight new staff members in South Africa. Tom Wilsted, Yale & Towne Company director of the Dodd Center, joined ANC archivist Records, 1968-2001 Narissa Ramdhani and project coordinator Razia Saleh for a weeklong training session for the new Shelley Roseman, Reference Librarian, Jeremy staff members in Johannesburg. Verne Harris, Richard Library director of the South African Historical Archives, led the training seminar. Phase two of the project focuses on organizing No factory or mill ever played a greater the remaining materials still housed at ANC’s role in Stamford history than the Yale & headquarters in Johannesburg. Staff have reviewed Towne Manufacturing Company. This lock all collections that are housed there and have and hardware manufacturer put Stamford Yale & Towne Employee Sports Photos 1922/23 Continued on page 4

UCONNLibraries 2 November/December 2002 Tracking Archival Resources in the Tropics

Darlene Hull, Latin American & Caribbean Specialist

n January 2002, I e.g., specific personal embarked on a six- names, specific corporate I month educational names, local history, leave to Puerto Rico to politics, political papers, begin work on an inven- slavery, literary papers, tory of the rich archival municipal archives, church resources in the Spanish- records, agriculture, sugar, speaking Caribbean tobacco, coffee, etc. islands. Tremendous During my stay in quantities of valuable Puerto Rico I was affiliated primary research materials with the University of exist in Puerto Rico, the Puerto Rico as visiting Dominican Republic, and professor. This gave me an Cuba. However, many advantage when introduc- collections of manuscripts, ing my project at various personal and corporate private and public archives archives, municipal and and afforded me library national archives, photo- privileges and opportuni- graphs, postcards, and ties to participate in a many other historical variety of academic and materials held in these cultural activities on nations become known to campus and in San Juan. scholars only through Living in the city presented Alcaldia - Town Hall San Juan word-of-mouth. Since no me (and my daughter, who comprehensive guide to went with me and attended research resources in any of the three Spanish- At the Seminario Evangélico de Puerto Rico, high school there) with a wealth of cultural activi- speaking islands, individually or combined, has yet lack of staff resources has left the small but very ties to attend. We lived within walking distance of been undertaken, I have started to compile such a important cache of archival resources unprocessed. the new Museo de Arte de Puerto Rico and often guide beginning with my stay in Puerto Rico. The director generously allowed me to review the went to exhibit openings and related lectures. Also Preliminary focus for the guide is on resources collections located in a caged area on the third floor close by was the Bellas Artes facility, home to the in Puerto Rico with future plans to expand the box by box. In essence, I performed preliminary Puerto Rican Symphony and the venue for other project to the Dominican Republic and Cuba. In processing for the collections and found some musical events and dramatic performances. Lecture Puerto Rico, I traveled throughout the island to treasures, such as a group of diaries of José Espada series and book presentations abound at many universities, libraries, archives, foundations, insti- Marrero, a pastor in Puerto Rico with a seven-year institutions. tutes, and private collections, investigating and mission in La Romana, Dominican Republic. The An exhibit of the works of the Puerto Rican recording information on the content, organization, collection includes a diary for each year from 1913- graphic artist Lorenzo Homar was on display at the and access to research resources. 1970 that highlights religious and Protestant church UPR museum during my stay in Puerto Rico. This Repositories included in the project are: the history of the island, as well as detailed views of brought back many pleasant memories of Homar’s Colección Puertorriqueña at the main library, social life in the towns of his pastorships. This was visit to and exhibition at the UConn library in fall University of Puerto Rico (UPR) in Rio Piedras; the certainly one of my most rewarding archival 1985. In fact, the silk-screen poster Homar created Seminario de Estudios Hispánicos, Archivo Central, discoveries. to announce the UConn exhibit was on display at Centro de Investigaciones Históricas, and the While working in the General Archives in San the UPR museum exhibition. Biblioteca Regional del Caribe y de Estudios Juan, I not only ran into a former professor at While I was in Puerto Rico, my article “Testi- Latinoamericanos, all also at the UPR Rio Piedras UConn, Edgardo Meléndez, but for several days sat monies of the past: postcards as valuable research campus. next to the guayaberaed Dr. Fernando Picó, a well- resources,” based on research previously done in Other national and private repositories in known and respected Puerto Rican professor, Puerto Rico in Summer 2000 and supported by a progress include the Archivo General, Archivo de scholar, and Jesuit priest. That was an academically UPR Caribbean Resource Center Summer Research Imágenes (Archivo General), Archivo y Biblioteca spiritual moment for me. Fellowship, was published in the Puerto Rico del Ateneo Puertorriqueño, Biblioteca del Centro de The inventory guide will be presented in the Library Association’s journal, Acceso: revista Estudios Avanzados del Puerto Rico y el Caribe, form of a web-accessible database. Each collection puertorriqueña de bibliotecología y documentación, 4 Archivo Histórico Diocesano, Archivo Histórico record consists of such elements as name, location, (2002). del Banco Popular, Instituto de Cultura description, access information, use, and index As for living and working in Puerto Rico in Puertorriqueña, Fundación Luis Muñoz Marín, categories. Indexing includes such categories as general, one of my most congenial activities was my Seminario Evangélico de Puerto Rico, Archivos personal or corporate name(s), e.g., for papers of daily morning walk on the beach, when and where I Municipales (Caguas, Mayaguez, Ponce, San politicians, political parties, literary figures; physi- would organize my agenda for the day while Germán, Vega Baja), Archivo Centro de Estudios cal location on the island; and subject categories, contemplating the sea. Electorales (Hato Rey), Archivos Parroquiales in various towns on the island, Universidad Sagrado Corazón—Archivo/Colección Especial, Universidad The 11th annual Connecticut Children’s Book Fair, held November 9-10, was a smashing success! The popular Interamericana (San Germán), Gran Logia Soberana fair, having outgrown its previous venue in the Bishop Center, was held this year in the new Rome Commons de Puerto Rico (Santurce), and Archivo del Ballroom on the Storrs campus, more than doubling the space available. The Departamento del Estado (Town Hall, San Juan), ballroom was. packed full of talented authors and illustrators, books, among others. The inventory for each separate presentations, storytelling, and crafts—creating a great time for the more archive is in a different stage of development. than 2500 children and adults who attended. My experience in each archive varied as well. Participants this year included Christopher Denise, Jane Dyer, Michael Facilities differed widely as did the organizational Patrick Hearn, Mary Ann Hoberman, Hilary Knight, Barbara Shaw state of the materials. Some repositories are housed McKinney, Marilyn Nelson, Anita in new, modern, climate controlled (and often very Riggio, Marc Simont, Lane Smith, cold) facilities with staffing levels that allow for Heidi Stemple, Walter Wick, virtually complete collections processing and Andrea Wisnewski, and Jane Yolen. On Friday, November 8, author/ published finding aids. Others are located in warm, illustrator Natalie Babbitt presented humid back rooms with no or minimal organization. a program on her book “Tuck For example, the Fundación Luís Muñoz Marín, Everlasting” and the process of named for the first elected governor of Puerto Rico turning it into the new Disney film (1949-1964), is located on the former Muñoz Marín by the same name. Her presentation estate in Trujillo Alto. It has lovely grounds, a new and the two-day fair benefited the building, and well organized collections recorded in Northeast Children’s Literature approximately 100 finding aids, yet necessitated Collection at the Dodd Research Center. A special thank you to this year’s many hours for review and data input for my sponsors: SBM Charitable Trust, Inc., the Connecticut Library Association, inventory guide. David & Billie Kapp, Richard & Verne Mahoney & Mohegan Sun.

November/December 2002 3 UCONNLibraries Calling All Faculty Collections & Services A New Beverage Policy for Continued from page 1 Continued from page 2 the Library over, many faculty members, with a key stake in the separated duplicate materials. The next steps will process, have regarded increasing prices as a be to organize materials held in several thousand Acceding to the desire, or perhaps to the need, of problem for libraries or perhaps universities to boxes and to create written guides to the various library users to drink beverages while they study solve. parts of the collection. Phase two is scheduled for and conduct research, the library has adopted a new In its simplest terms, scholarly publishing is a completion in 2004.
policy on drinking in the UConn Libraries. Preser- circular enterprise in which universities pay faculty vation officer Carole Dyal has designed a spill-proof salaries to conduct research, faculty publish their Dodd Center Annual Report mug for use by patrons while they work in the research in scholarly journals, and scholarly publish- libraries. And so long as beverages are contained in ers sell that research back to university libraries in Available that official mug, drinking beverages in the libraries the form of scholarly journals—at increasingly is now permitted. unsustainable prices. The Thomas J. Dodd Research Center mailed its Library staff recently received their spill proof There is no question that publishers have first printed annual report to donors and other mugs, which carry a message about the preservation overhead costs and that they add value to the interested parties in late October. Covering the of the collections, for use in their workplaces, and scholarly publishing process. Nor is there any period July 1, 2001 through June 20, 2002, the 500 mugs were distributed free to library users to question that publishers are entitled to a fair profit. report contains information on the center’s public promote the new policy. The UConn Coop now Rather, the question is why publishers’ prices to programs, new collections, staff activities, and sells the mugs for $4.95 and they are reported to be universities for our own product have risen so donor information. If you would like to receive a selling briskly. dramatically, inflating even faster than health care copy, please contact Jean Nelson at: costs over the last decade. [email protected] or (860) 486-6346. We must alter the model soon. The pricing practices of scholarly publishers are forcing librar- First Strochlitz Grant ies routinely to cancel journal subscriptions. Large publishers have acquired many of their competitors Awarded and now seek to maintain significant profit margins in the new electronic publishing environment. The The first Sigmund Strochlitz Travel Grant, custom of bundling electronic journals into pack- supported by Sigmund Strochlitz of New London, ages at “special rates” forces libraries to play their has been awarded to Karen Crossley, an MA hand. Libraries either subscribe to a large candidate in the English Department at the publisher’s bundled package at the expense of University of Manitoba. Ms. Crossley will travel canceling other publishers’ journals or choose not to to Storrs to conduct research using the Dodd buy the “package” and pay a premium for the Research Center’s substantial collection of nearly Preservation officer Carole Dyal with the library’s official privilege of selecting individual titles. 500 editions of Black Beauty, the popular children’s spill-proof mug University faculties have the power to change classic authored by Anna Sewell in 1877.
the equation. It’s as simple as retaining the copy- right (or limited rights) to articles and books that you publish. It’s as simple as asking your liaison librarian for a list of the journals in your field that are subscribed to on your behalf and determining their publishers’ pricing practices. It’s as simple as submitting your work to publishers who have a commitment to the future of scholarly publishing and withholding your work from publishers who Yes, I want to be a Friend! demonstrate questionable pricing policies. It’s as simple as working with your liaison librarian to cancel subscriptions to publications that inflate by I want to make a tax-deductible contribution to support the University of Connecticut double digits year after year or register a 40% price Libraries in the amount of: increase in one year.
Associate $50-$99 Ultimately, the faculty who furnish publishers
Fellow $100-$499 with a product to sell must provide the solution to this problem. Without faculty contributions and
Curator $500-$999 review, academic publishers have no merchandise to
Patron $1,000-$4,999 offer. Let’s work together to change the scholarly
publishing model as it currently exists and stop the Benefactor $5,000-$9,999 hemorrhaging.
University Librarian’s Circle $10,000+

Total Amount Enclosed $______Name ______

Address ______

City ______State ______Zip ______

Phone ______

Please make checks payable to The UConn Foundation and mail to:

Friends of the UConn Libraries From left: Rutherford Witthus, curator of Literary Thomas J. Dodd Research Center Collections, Archives & Special Collections at U-1205 UConn; Jim Currier, bookbinder from Rhode 205 Babbidge Road Island; and Robert Hauser, publisher from University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT Massachusetts. Along with illustrator and publisher 06269-1205 Michael McCurdy, this team collated and wrapped the remaining signed wood engravings from the fine press publication Face to Face: Twelve If you wish to discuss annual giving opportunities, long term commitments, or your Contemporary American Artists Interpret Themselves interest in a special project or specific area, please contact Linda Perrone at in a Limited Edition of Wood Engravings. The archival [email protected] or (860) 486-0451. records of McCurdy’s Penmaen Press and Hauser’s Busyhaus Press are part of the literary archives at the Thomas J. Dodd Research Center.

UCONNLibraries 4 November/December 2002 Terese Ridgeway: A Profile of the Artist

Suzanne Zack, Assistant to the Director: Marketing & Communication

arlier this year, the library commis- attic. “We found a loom in the attic, and sioned weaver Terese Ridgeway to with the help of a local weaving instructor Ecreate four hangings for the Class of named Ruth Canfield, I made rapid 1952 Electronic Classroom. The hangings progress in learning all sorts of weaving,” were installed in September, and Terese was she said. Once her children were in school, honored with a reception on November 17. her hobby became a profession and she Bright colors and bold patterns are the furnished her own house and others with signature of Terese Ridgeway’s award- rugs, wall hangings, and place mats. Her winning weavings, but determination and an largest commission so far was for St. equal measure of providence are clearly the Mary’s Church in Westfield, MA, for a 10’ hallmarks of her life. Consider this: If the x 18’ sanctuary hanging done in a space- Montana native hadn’t ventured beyond the dyed technique called “ikat,” as well as two confines of Big Sky country, she wouldn’t 5’ x 16’ hangings for sidewalls. Her work, have attended college, taken a teaching job which has won numerous awards, is now in Cambodia, where she met her husband, represented in the permanent collections of or bought an historic house in Chaplin, the Slater Museum, the Hartford Seminary, whose attic fortuitously housed a loom. Mass Mutual, the University of Montana at Over the past three decades, Ridgeway has woven on a hand loom,” she says, “and thought, Missoula, and in private homes throughout perfected the intricacies of using the loom; wouldn’t this be fun.” the United States. today her work is represented in public and What was even more fun, however, was her The technique Ridgeway used for the four private collections throughout New England. chance meeting with a young engineer named Babbidge Library hangings is called Born on a sheep ranch near the town of Hallas Ridgeway, who was working on the “Repweave,” which originated in Sweden and Big Timber, Ridgeway attended the University American Friendship Highway between Phnom translated means “ribbed weave.” It was of Montana in Missoula. “At that time, there Penh and Sihanoukville for the US Agency for originally used to make rugs and mats, were 50 openings every year for English International Development (USAID). “At dinner generally incorporating two colors of yarn. teachers, compared to one or two for art one night, I noticed a blonde American giving me Using the theme “Space Travel,” the first teachers in the state’s larger cities,” she says. the eye,” she laughingly recounts. Sparks flew, a weaving (4’ x 5’3”) is titled “Planets.” The That reality, combined with her flair for very short courtship ensued, and the couple second (4’ x 6’3”) also depicts planets, but by language, steered her to a degree in English. married in 1963 in Montana. They returned to restricting the dye to certain areas, Ridgeway But while in college, she managed to explore Cambodia, and Hallas was reassigned to managed to shape what looks like a comet, another interest–art–studying drawing and Vientiane, Laos. He completed his contract with hence, the name “Comet.” The third piece (5’ painting, and unknowingly laying a foundation USAID in 1964 at which point he decided to x 8’6”), entitled “Radiation,” features waver- for her artistic pursuits. Following graduation, further his education at the University of Con- ing blocks of brilliant color, reminiscent of she taught in Montana for two years and necticut, where he had received his BS and MS in the Northern Lights the artist remembers from experienced what would be a glimpse into her civil engineering. After brief stints in Brazil and growing up in Montana. The fourth and future. “A fellow teacher took me to the school Washington, DC, the Ridgeways returned to defining piece, “Space Ship,” is the first seen of weavers on Flathead Lake,” she recollects. Connecticut, where Hallas took a position as a upon entering the room. All four pieces “They seemed to be having so much fun lecturer at UConn and began work toward his PhD. employ a warp, or lengthwise strands, of weaving. That made a deep impression on In 1970, the couple found and purchased a mercerized cotton and two wefts, or horizontal me.” So impressed was Ridgeway with the art 1826 house in Chaplin. By that time, they had strands, of cotton cord and fine mercerized that she spent the proceeds of her first job on a small children, and Terese was fully occupied cotton. hand-woven skirt that she wore for years caring for them, cooking, keeping house and “It has been a great pleasure to do these afterwards. gardening. In between her duties, she picked up wall hangings for the library at UConn,” she She taught high school for another year in her oil paints, which she had started using in says, “since the lives of all my family have Washington State before accepting a Smith- college and had continued in Brazil. But when her been so intertwined with the university. Hallas Mundt grant to teach English as a foreign three-year-old daughter accidentally ingested some received all his degrees from UConn, and our language in Phnom Penh, Cambodia in 1962. of them, Ridgeway decided to satisfy her artistic three children—Lesley, Benton, and Kristoffer— While there, Ridgeway made a side trip to leanings in another way. did as well. I am thankful that some of Bangkok that reinforced even further her Providentially, the key to Ridgeway’s new myself–my art–will have a permanent place interest in weaving. “I watched silk being “hobby” and artistic life resided in the house’s on campus!”

As part of a continuing national campaign, the Libraries’ Preservation Office has published a special poster to encourage users, who can be among the worst enemies of books, to treat library books with care. Designed by the noted contemporary American children’s book illustrator Jos. A. Smith, the poster depicts a terrifying ogre with a pair of small human feet sticking out of his mouth while he holds another human waiting to be eaten. Smith has illustrated such books as Ogres! Ogres Ogres!: A Feasting Frenzy from A to Z and Goblins in Green; he originally created the squatting ogre image for a library exhibit, “Depictions of the Ogre in Puss and Boots.” Since the image so clearly portrays the fate that surely awaits those who mishandle books, it seemed appropriate for the poster. Scott Kennedy, area head for Research and Information Services, wrote the accompanying text. Copies of the 17” x 22” poster are $10. Fifty copies, autographed by Mr. Smith and Mr. Kennedy, are available for $25 each. The price includes shipping and handling. For your copy, contact the Libraries’ preservation officer, Carole Dyal, at the Babbidge Library ([email protected] or 860- 486-5782) or write to her at Homer Babbidge Library, 369 Fairfield Road, Unit 1005-005P, University of Connecticut Storrs, CT 06269-1005. Make checks payable to the Homer Babbidge Library.

November/December 2002 5 UCONNLibraries The Digital Collections Program

Heidi N. Abbey, Digital Collections Librarian n recent years, library staff have project is complete, providing access from the Fred Otto Makowsky of electronic data on the geogra- been laying a strong foundation to scanned images of the contents of Collection, housed in Archives & phy of Connecticut. In addition to I for the digital collections all fifteen volumes in the Public Special Collections. meeting the teaching and research program, building the administrative Records. Phase II is under way and • Map and Geographic Informa- needs of the university, MAGIC is and technical infrastructure to will incorporate access to the full- tion Center (MAGIC) http:// also a statewide resource, serving accomplish both large and small scale text and keyword access to it. magic.lib.uconn.edu/ the citizens of Connecticut. projects. This has involved learning • Connecticut History Online An online library of digital geo- For more information about the new technologies, establishing (CHO) http:// spatial data, MAGIC is the earliest digital collections program, visit policies, identifying standards, cthistoryonline.org and largest of the Libraries’ digital http://digitalcollections.uconn.edu or writing and managing grants, hiring A collaboration among the collections. It contains over 24,000 contact Heidi N. Abbey at new staff, and defining procedures for Connecticut Historical Society, the files and is the premier collection [email protected]. digitization. During this period, we Dodd Research Center, and Mystic have also created digital collections Seaport, CHO is the largest online in partnership with various academic collection of historical Connecticut departments and with organizations images—approximately 14,000 “Hot Issues” Forum at UConn/ outside of the university. images from 1800 to 1950. Phase I Staff now are streamlining these of the project, funded by a Greater Hartford efforts, developing an integrated $335,000 grant from the Institute approach to creating and managing of Museum and Library Services, Beverley Manning, Reference Librarian, Harleigh B. Trecker Library digital resources that complements is complete. CHO images may be university objectives and contributes searched by keyword, subject, Creation of a new forum for the discussion of current issues has strengthened to the information needs of creator, title, and date. Geographi- the position of the Trecker Library on the UConn/Greater Hartford campus. Connecticut’s citizens and of scholars cal sites may be searched using a The forum has helped to revitalize the intellectual life of the campus, which worldwide. In the future, the program digital geographic locator devel- had stagnated over four years of uncertainty as the university administration will be guided by a strategic plan that oped by the library’s Map and dealt with issues related to the future of the regional campuses. regularizes digitization processes, Geographic Information Center. These issues were resolved by the creation of the new TriCampus (Greater creates new digital resources, and Online learning tools created Hartford/Waterbury/Torrington), with new programs and new leadership, integrates them with traditional especially for middle and high including a new director for the UConn/Greater Hartford campus. New levels library collections. school students provide sugges- of responsibility for TriCampus library personnel were placed with the direc- In late 2002, the Libraries tions for interpreting and explor- tors of the regional campuses, who called for the libraries to become more anticipate hiring a new full-time ing the database. Phase II, sup- involved in the life of their local academic communities. digital technologies librarian who will ported by a new grant of $498,770 Responding to this charge, Trecker Library sponsored a successful Black work with the digital collections from the IMLS, will begin in early History Month program in February 2001. Soon after, the designation of Fall librarian in support of the program. 2003. It will include a broad range 2001 as a Human Rights Semester, with funding available for programming, Additionally, a new library team, the of historical materials, including became the inspiration for an expansion of that first program into a new Digital Collections Facilitation Team, archives, manuscripts, and multi- library approach to community involvement. will be populated to oversee the media materials, and will include Library director Bill Uricchio, Daniel O’Reilly of Student Affairs, and I production of existing and new participation by the Connecticut met to discuss the idea of a jointly sponsored continuing forum where the open locally created digital collections. State Library and other reposito- discussion of current issues would be encouraged. We settled on the name “Hot Library staff, along with their ries of historical materials in Issues Forum,” formed a planning committee, which included faculty from the departmental and organizational Connecticut. School of Social Work and the undergraduate program, and applied success- partners, continue to manage the • Invasive Plant Atlas of New fully for a Human Rights Semester grant of $1000 to support our Fall 2001 progress of six digital collections and England (IPANE) http:// forums. facilitate the planning and production invasives.eeb.uconn.edu/ipane The grant allowed us to invite State Senator Eric Coleman and author of others that are in development. IPANE, an atlas of invasive plant Antoinette Bosco, of the Connecticut Network to Abolish the Death Penalty, to The initial phases of four projects species for the New England area, speak on “The Death Penalty in Connecticut”; and professor Donna Robinson have been completed, and others are with a concentration on the state of Divine of Smith College and Dr. Mazin B. Qumsiyeh, Yale University School nearing completion by the end of 2002. Connecticut, is an effort to support of Medicine, to speak on “The Palestinian Question.” We were grateful to The collections, described below, early detection and rapid response UConn/Greater Hartford campus director Dr. David Williams for supporting include photographs, texts, and maps, to invasive plant species in New our plans and serving as host at the latter forum. and focus on a wide range of subjects. England. Project development The first programs went well and were televised on the Connecticut Public • Benthic Marine Algal Her- through 2005 is funded by a Affairs Network. The program on “The Palestinian Question” proved almost barium of Long Island Sound USDA grant of $1,266,000. The too timely for Fall 2001. We added two student-led discussion forums on http://www.algae.uconn.edu project is a partnership among the “Islam” and “Terrorism & the Middle East” for Metanoia Day, which gave A joint project of the Jeremy Ecology & Evolutionary Biology students an opportunity to express their viewpoints, and a program on “Pearl Richard Library at UConn/ Department, the Libraries, the Harbor at 60.” Stamford and the Northeast Algal Center for Geographic Information The Hot Topics Forum continued in Spring 2002 with programs on “The Society, this is an identification and Analysis, the New England AIDS Crisis in Africa” with professor James Kiwanuka-Tondo of Uganda; database of collected and pressed Wild Flower Society, and the “Ethnic Profiling” with Teresa Younger, executive director of the Connecticut specimens of algae from Long Silvio O. Conte National Fish and Civil Liberties Union; “Terrorism: The Media, the Historian, and the Problem Island Sound. It is used for Wildlife Refuge. IPANE currently of Instant Analysis” with professor Paul Goodwin; and a reenactment of the teaching purposes and serves as an includes images of and descriptive “Black Civil War Soldier” by Kevin Johnson of the State Library. image archive for UConn’s algal data about 100+ invasive plants A second Human Rights grant has supported our Fall 2002 forums on herbarium. Descriptive informa- and a database documenting the “The Abuse of Incarceration in America” by Sherry Haller of the Justice tion and digital photographs for existence and spread of those Education Center, and “The Invisibility of the Latino and Latina Community 137 specimens have been created species in the New England area. in the United States” by professor Julio Morales of the School of Social Work. and made available online. Work Maps and other GIS data for In addition, assistant professor G. Ugo Kwokeji is offering a program on on the project will continue current plant distribution and “Slavery Reparations.” through the end of 2002. chronological changes are in The Hot Topics Forum series is making a lively and stimulating contribu- • Colonial Connecticut Records development. tion to campus life. Students, faculty, staff and the general public have partici- (CCR) http:// • Steam & Electric Locomotives pated in the forums, and shown deep interest in the speakers. The offerings on www.colonialct.uconn.edu of the New Haven Railroad “The AIDS Crisis in Africa” and “The Invisibility of the Latino and Latina Created by library staff and http://railroads.uconn.edu/ Community in the United States,” in particular, had great impact on their supported by the Mashantucket locomotives/index.html audiences. Pequot Museum & Research This collection provides online Other positive outcomes are noteworthy. The new campus administration Center and the Connecticut State access to images of over 460 is impressed with the library’s leadership, and the faculty is pleased to discover Library, CCR aims to make black-and-white photographs that a program that improves intellectual life on campus. After seeing the response Connecticut’s colonial history document steam and electric to the Hot Topics Forum, other groups on campus have been inspired to offer more accessible to users worldwide locomotives owned and operated their own programs. A new awareness of the role of the library as a center of by the online delivery of the of the by the New Haven Railroad from campus life and of librarians as participants in the educational enterprise has Public Records of the Colony of Con- the 1870s to the mid-1900s. The emerged. necticut, 1636-1776. Phase I of the photographs have been selected

UCONNLibraries 6 November/December 2002 Staff News

Fritzi Batchelor’s friends, independent association in 1968, SALALM Patrick attended the Joint Conference on Digital family, and former colleagues addresses the needs of librarians, booksellers, Libraries in Portland, OR, presenting the paper, gathered at a reception in her educators and others concerned with building “Inferring Areal Geographies for Non-bounded honor on November 3 to library collections of Latin American and Carib- Places.” In August, at the International Federation dedicate the Level B microlab bean materials and making them available for of Library Associations Conference in Glasgow, as the Fritzi Batchelor Micro- scholarly use. As president, Darlene will develop Scotland, Patrick and former UConn staffer Terry computer Lab. In addition, an the program for this year’s annual conference, Plum presented a half-day workshop on “Scanning endowment has been established “Celebrating Culture: Space, Symbols, and Maps for Information Content for Small Libraries in her honor to support “continuing advancements Traditions in Latin America and the Caribbean,” and Local Historical Collections.” By popular in information technology.” Over $20,000 has in Cartagena, Colombia. Presentations and panel demand, Patrick is currently repeating two seven- been donated to the fund to date. In addition to discussions will focus on topics such as art and week seminars—one on Map Librarianship and a contributions from friends and family, significant “artesanias,” architecture and other elements of the second on Digital Map Librarianship—at Simmons donations were received from the UConn Co-op physical urban and rural cultures, music and College Graduate School of Library Science.
and from Endeavor Information Systems (EIS), the dance, literature, food and costume, theatre and vendor of the Libraries’ integrated library system film, language, and ritual practices. Darlene Janice Mathews has joined the software, Voyager, and its unified search engine, recently returned from a visit to Cartagena where staff of the Harleigh B. Trecker ENCompass. In his remarks, library director she worked on preparations for the conference, Library, UConn/Greater Brinley Franklin noted that EIS wanted assurance including meetings with local host representatives Hartford, as social sciences that Fritzi was, indeed, retired. She has been an from the Banco de la República and the librarian. Janice most recently astute, assertive and relentless commentator on Universidad Jorge Tadeo Lozano, Seccional del served as head of Hartford their software, though always diplomatic and Caribe as well as with potential panelists and Public Library’s Hartford always with the intent of improving it for users. keynote speakers. She toured the conference hotel Collection. Previously, she was Fritzi served the Libraries for 25 years until facilities (an old convent) in the colonial section, employed with the University of Washington’s her retirement in April 2002. She was involved as well as workshop and reception locations. In Manuscripts and University Archives, where she with technological developments early on. Most her post-presidential year Darlene will edit and worked closely with faculty, in particular from the recently, as director of the Libraries’ Information publish the conference proceedings, SALALM fields of history, sociology and education, to draft Technology Services Area, she managed the papers, XLVIII.
a collection development policy. She has also been successful effort that culminated in the launch of an archivist at the Carl Albert Congressional Voyager in 1999 and led a knowledgeable team Patrick McGlamery and the Archives, with special collections dedicated to capable of anticipating and meeting the informa- UConn Libraries’ Map & congressional studies and political science, at the tion technology needs of library staff and users. Geographic Information Center University of Oklahoma. In her new assignment Contributions to the Fritzi Batchelor Informa- (MAGIC) were honored at the she will serve as liaison to the Urban and Commu- tion Technology Fund are welcome. Please direct 22nd Annual ESRI International nity Studies and undergraduate social sciences them to Linda Perrone, Director of External User Conference held in San programs. Her other duties include coordinating Relations, Dodd Research Center, 405 Babbidge Diego in July, receiving a roles for the Trecker Library’s public information Road, Unit 1205, Storrs, CT 06269-1205. Make Special Achievement Award as and web development activities. Janice has an checks payable to the UConn Foundation and note an organization “that provides substantial benefits MLS and an MA in American History, both from “Fritzi Batchelor Technology Endowment Fund” to society through the use of GIS technology.” Indiana University, and a BA in History from on the memo line.
ESRI is a leader in GIS software, and the confer- Earlham College.
ence attracted 12,000 GIS professionals from Darlene Hull has been elected around the world. Correction In our last issue, Francine president of the international A busy summer for Patrick began in June, DeFranco was mistakenly referred to as the First Latin Americanist librarians when MAGIC hosted the annual Northeast Map Year Experience coordinator for the library. The association, SALALM (Seminar User’s Organization; a week later, he moderated a FYE coordinator is Kathy Labadorf. on the Acquisition of Latin panel discussion at the IASSIST Conference held American Library Materials). on the Storrs campus. In July, he traveled to Organized in 1956 under the Atlanta to present a workshop for the Map and aegis of the Organization of Geography Division of the American Library American States’ Library and Bibliographic Association. Following the ESRI Conference, Development Program, and incorporated as an

E X H I B I T S T H R O U G H D E C E M B E R 27, 2 0 0 2 Locomotives of the New Haven Railroad Diane Bowie Zaitlin Images from the Railroad History Archive Alchemy: From the Common to the Sublime

In southern New England’s golden age Diane Bowie Zaitlin’s work demonstrates her of railroads, massive engines pulled fascination with a variety of materials, subtlety of freight and passenger cars to and from color, and sensuality of surface. Using a variety virtually every town between New of paints, incised marks, found objects, and York City and Boston. The locomo- collage elements, she gives new presence and tives were respected for their power, meaning to common objects. Simple wooden their industry, and their beauty. cubes become intriguing, tactile objects reminis- The predominant railroad of the cent of childhood playing blocks; antique doors Stacked Cubes I, 4" x 4" x 4", New Haven Railroad steam locomotive 1107 in time was the New York, New Haven & invite you into a new reality, and wooden mixed media on wood, 2000 Boston, MA, 1938 Hartford Railroad, better known as industrial moulds become figurative metaphors. Photographer: Fred Otto Makowsky the New Haven Railroad. It influ- Diane Bowie Zaitlin earned a BFA in Sculpture at the University of Connecti- enced everything from the growth of the region’s commerce and industry to cut. She has also studied at Haystack Mountain School of Crafts in Deer Isle, working class leisure activities and Boston Brahmin vacation plans. Maine over the past twenty years. Her solo exhibitions have been at Davidson The exhibit presents images from Railroad History Archive at the Thomas J. and Daughter’s Contemporary Art, Portland, Maine; University of New England, Dodd Research Center, which holds thousands of images of locomotives and trains Biddeford, Maine; Thomas Moser Gallery, Portland, Maine; the State House, of the New Haven Railroad. The archive also includes administrative, real estate, Augusta, Maine; and Saint Joseph’s College, North Windham, Maine. She has financial and legal records of the railroad and over two hundred predecessor and exhibited in Pennsylvania, New York State, and throughout New England. Her subsidiary companies that were leased or purchased by the railroad in the late work has been included in all the “Monotype Today” exhibits curated by Roger 1800s and early 1900s. These corporate records are supplemented by related Crossgrove. For the past ten years, Diane has been an Artist-in-Residence in schools collections of photographs, maps, researchers’ files and ephemera. and museums throughout Maine with the Maine Artists Touring Program. Thomas J. Dodd Research Center Gallery Babbidge Library, Stevens Gallery

November/December 2002 7 UCONNLibraries 273700 NON-PROFIT ORG. U. S. Postage Paid Storrs, Ct UConnLibraries Permit No 3 Homer Babbidge Library U-1005A, Storrs, CT 06269-1005

Homer Babbidge Library Monday-Thursday 8 am -Midnight Friday 8 am - 10 pm Saturday 10 am - 10 pm Sunday 10 am -Midnight

Dodd Research Center Reading Room Monday-Friday 10 am - 4 pm Saturday 12 pm - Midnight Holiday Hours Library hours vary during the holiday period. If you are visiting then, please check the schedule at http:// www.lib.uconn.edu or call 860-486-4636.

E X H I B I T S T H R O U G H D E C E M B E R 27, 2 0 0 2

In the Heart Of Birdhouses & Geometry Fabric Reliefs by Salley Mavor Recent Sculpture by Beth Henderson

Among the many other creations that she fashions from fabric, Salley Mavor Beth Henderson combines her former experience as a Maine educator with her crafts book illustrations out of cloth. Her most recent images appear in In the current avocation as an artist. At seven and eight years of age, she built bird- Heart, written by Ann Turner and published by HarperCollins in 2002. This houses from discarded orange crates and sketched backyard birds with colored exhibit presents the fifteen original fabric reliefs that appear in the book. See pencils. “In high school,” she says, “I often detoured enviously by the art room, http://www.weefolkstudio.com/Books.htm wishing that my academic curriculum would allow me to take art classes. I loved Salley describes the experience of working on the book as follows: the smell of oils and coveted the art kids’ engagement with their work as opposed “Since it took two years to complete the illustrations for this book, I needed to my passive student role as a listener.” to find ways to stay involved and excited about the project over a long period of Beth’s sculptures, fashioned from found materials that range from burdock to time. There was a lot of freedom in this story to create a world and family from vacuum cleaner parts, are whimsical in nature. They were created during the my own imagination. Falling in love with the characters also helps to maintain an winter months, when outdoor work on stone becomes impossible, and derive interest. I concentrated on one double-page spread at a time, bringing the words from thirty years spent in the company of school kids of all ages. to life through color and texture. It was my goal to have fun and play with this Stone and wood, however, remain Beth’s passion. Her process and approach story, to maintain a fresh, enjoyable attitude throughout the process of making for carving is driven both by the the pictures.” character of each stone and also by her Book reviewers have greeted the book with praise, saying, “Arts and crafts intentions for its outcome. “It defi- enthusiasts will find inspiration in Mavor’s work; nearly everyone will find nitely becomes an ongoing conversa- something to admire.” (Publisher’s Weekly), and, “Artistically successful in its near- tion between the stone and me about perfect blending of text and visuals” (School Library Journal). our combined potential. The challenge, For more information about the variety of work created by Salley Mavor, see “as with kids,” she believes, “is to her website at http://www.weefolkstudio.com/ discover, nurture, and help release this Dodd Research Center energy stuff.” Alabaster, Maine lime- stone, and marble are her chosen varieties of stone. “Alabasters, while fragile and cranky in personality, ultimately hold great joy and beauty.” In recent months, Beth’s sculptures have been juried into the Gallery for Social and Political Art on Boylston Street in Boston, the annual juried show at Hartford Artworks, the Arts Affair for Copley Square in Boston, the Concord (MA) Art Association, and the Connecticut Academy of Fine Arts juried exhibits at the Slater Museum in Looking for the Lost Child, marble, Norwich, the Mystic Art Association, 14” x 10” x 8” and the Artwell Gallery in Torrington. She lives and works at the Pump- kin Hill Studios in Ashford, where visitors are invited to view her work. Illustration from In the Heart Babbidge Library, Gallery on the Plaza

Volume 8, Number 4 www.lib.uconn.edu November/December 2002 UConn Libraries is published by the University of Connecticut Libraries four times each year to provide current information about collections, services, and activities to faculty, staff, friends, and others who are interested in the welfare of the Libraries. If you do not wish to receive the newsletter, please contact Ann Galonska at [email protected] or 860-486-6882 or Dodd Research Center, 405 Babbidge Road, U-1205, Storrs, CT 06269-1205. Editor David Kapp Contributors Heidi Abbey, Roger Crossgrove, Carole Dyal, Brinley Franklin, Kate Fuller, Ann Galonska, David Garnes, Terri Goldich, Darlene Hull, David McChesney, Erika McNeil, Beverley Manning, David McChesney, Merlita Murphy, Jean Nelson, Nancy Orth, Betsy Pittman, Shelley Roseman, Laura Katz Smith, Norman Stevens, Melissa Weisner, Thomas Wilsted, Rutherford Witthus, and Suzanne Zack