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Biodiversita' Ed Evoluzione
Alma Mater Studiorum – Università di Bologna DOTTORATO DI RICERCA IN BIODIVERSITA' ED EVOLUZIONE Ciclo XXVIII Settore Concorsuale di afferenza: 05/B1 – Zoologia ed Antropologia Settore Scientifico disciplinare: BIO/05 – Zoologia TRANSPOSABLE ELEMENTS IN ARTHROPODS GENOMES WITH NON-CANONICAL REPRODUCTIVE STRATEGIES. Presentata da: Dot.ssa Claudia Scavariello Coordinatore Dottorato Relatore Prof.ssa Barbara Mantovani Prof.ssa Barbara Mantovani Correlatore Dott. Andrea Luchetti Esame finale anno 2016 INDEX 1. INTRODUCTION-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1 1.1. History of transposable elements--------------------------------------------------------------------------------1 1.1.1 TEs Classification---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3 1.2. R2 non-LTR retrotransposon----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------6 1.2.1. R2 history and structure--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------6 1.2.2. R2 retrotranscription mechanism and ribozyme structure--------------10 1.3. TEs survival and the host genome--------------------------------------------------------------------------------12 1.3.1. The impact of TEs on eukaryotic genomes---------------------------------------------12 1.3.2. TEs transposition rate dynamics and host reproductive strategies------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------14 -
Appendage Loss and Regeneration in Arthropods: a Comparative View
Appendage loss and regeneration in arthropods: A comparative view DIEGO MARUZZO, LUCIO BONATO, CARLO BRENA, GIUSEPPE FUSCO & ALESSANDRO MINELLI Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy ABSTRACT Evidence for loss and regeneration of arthropod appendages is reviewed and discussed in terms of comparative developmental biology and arthropod phylogeny. The presence of a preferential breakage point is well documented for some, but not all, lineages within each of the four major groups - chelicerates, myriapods, crustaceans and hexapods. Undisputed evidence of true autotomy, however, is limited to isopods, decapods and some basal ptery- gotes, and claimed for other groups. Regeneration of lost appendages is widespread within arthropods, even if not present or documented in some groups. During regeneration, growth and differentiation of epidermis, nerves, muscles and tracheae are to some extent mutually independent, thus sometimes failing to reproduce their usual developmental interactions, with obvious consequences on the reconstruction of the lost part of the appendage. In the regeneration of appendages composed of ‘true segments’, all the segments the animal is able to regenerate are already present (with extremely rare exceptions) following the first post-operative molt, whereas the regeneration of flagellar structures is often accomplished in steps, e.g., the first regenerate may show a reduced number of flagellomeres. Lack of autotomy is likely to be the plesiomorphic condition in arthropods, a condition maintained in the Myriochelata (myriapods plus chelicerates). Autotomy evolved within the Pancrusta- cea, perhaps close to the origin of a Malacostraca-Hexapoda clade, and was subsequently lost by some lineages, e.g., the Hemipteroidea and the endopterygote insects. -
VKM Rapportmal
VKM Report 2016: 36 Assessment of the risks to Norwegian biodiversity from the import and keeping of terrestrial arachnids and insects Opinion of the Panel on Alien Organisms and Trade in Endangered species of the Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food Safety Report from the Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food Safety (VKM) 2016: Assessment of risks to Norwegian biodiversity from the import and keeping of terrestrial arachnids and insects Opinion of the Panel on Alien Organisms and Trade in Endangered species of the Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food Safety 29.06.2016 ISBN: 978-82-8259-226-0 Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food Safety (VKM) Po 4404 Nydalen N – 0403 Oslo Norway Phone: +47 21 62 28 00 Email: [email protected] www.vkm.no www.english.vkm.no Suggested citation: VKM (2016). Assessment of risks to Norwegian biodiversity from the import and keeping of terrestrial arachnids and insects. Scientific Opinion on the Panel on Alien Organisms and Trade in Endangered species of the Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food Safety, ISBN: 978-82-8259-226-0, Oslo, Norway VKM Report 2016: 36 Assessment of risks to Norwegian biodiversity from the import and keeping of terrestrial arachnids and insects Authors preparing the draft opinion Anders Nielsen (chair), Merethe Aasmo Finne (VKM staff), Maria Asmyhr (VKM staff), Jan Ove Gjershaug, Lawrence R. Kirkendall, Vigdis Vandvik, Gaute Velle (Authors in alphabetical order after chair of the working group) Assessed and approved The opinion has been assessed and approved by Panel on Alien Organisms and Trade in Endangered Species (CITES). Members of the panel are: Vigdis Vandvik (chair), Hugo de Boer, Jan Ove Gjershaug, Kjetil Hindar, Lawrence R. -
Importance of Ground Refuges for the Biodiversity in Agricultural Hedgerows
Ecological Indicators 72 (2017) 615–626 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Ecological Indicators j ournal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ecolind Importance of ground refuges for the biodiversity in agricultural hedgerows a,∗ a a b a S. Lecq , A. Loisel , F. Brischoux , S.J. Mullin , X. Bonnet a Centre d’Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, CEBC CNRS UPR 1934, 79360 Villiers en Bois, France b Department of Biology, Stephen F. Austin State University, Nacogdoches, TX 75962, USA a r a t i b s c t l e i n f o r a c t Article history: In most agro-ecosystems, hedgerows provide important habitat for many species. Unfortunately, large Received 3 March 2016 scale destruction of hedges has stripped this structure from many landscapes. Replanting programs have Received in revised form 18 August 2016 attempted to restore hedgerow habitats, but the methods employed often fail to replace the unique micro- Accepted 19 August 2016 habitats (complex matrix of stones, logs and roots found along the base of the hedge) that provided key Available online 11 September 2016 refuges to an array of animal species. We examined the influence of ground refuges on animal diversity in an agricultural landscape. We used non-lethal rapid biodiversity assessments to sample invertebrate Keywords: and vertebrate taxa in 69 hedges having different levels of herbaceous cover, tree cover, and refuge avail- Agricultural landscapes Bank ability. Co-inertia analyses compared hedge characteristics with the animal biodiversity sampled. We also used a functional index (accounting for body mass, trophic level, and metabolic mode of the species Habitat management Rapid biodiversity assessment sampled) to compare hedges. -
PHASMID STUDIES Volume 20
Printed ISSN 0966-0011 Online ISSN 1750-3329 PHASMID STUDIES Volume 20. January 2019. Editors: Edward Baker & Judith Marshall Phasmid Studies 20 Bacillus atticus Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1882: A New Species for the Albanian Fauna (Phasmida: Bacillidae) Slobodan Ivković Department of Biogeography, Trier University, Universitätsring 15, 54286 Trier, Germany [email protected] Eridan Xharahi Lagja 28 Nentori, Rruga Kristo Negovani, p. 215 Vlorë, Albania [email protected] Abstract The present study represents the first report of the presence of Bacillus atticus Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1882 in Albania. Key words Distribution, Pistacia lentiscus, Vlorë, stick insects. According to PSF (2018) the stick insects (order Phasmida) are represented worldwide with 3286 valid species and in Europe with 19 species. The most common phasmid genus in Europe is Bacillus Berthold, 1827, and it is represented with six species (atticus, grandii, inermis, lynceorum, rossius and whitei), reported from central and eastern parts of the Mediterranean Basin. Bacillus species are characterized by the slightly narrowed head, smooth or granulated pronotum which is longer than wide, strongly elongated meso and metanotum, tapered subgenital plate and short, stout cerci (Harz & Kaltenbach, 1976: 15, 18; Brock, 1994: 103). Herein, we record for the first timeB. atticus Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1882 for Albania. The new record is based on a photo of a female specimen taken on 11 VIII 2014, by EH and uploaded on iN- aturalist and Facebook page “Regjistri Elektronik i Specieve Shqiptare” (Fig. 1A-C). The specimen was observed on Jal beach, Vuno village, Vlorë region, Albania (40°06’51.7”N, 19°42’04.7”E). -
EMBOUCHURE ET PLAINE DU LIAMONE (Identifiant National : 940004133)
Date d'édition : 20/01/2020 https://inpn.mnhn.fr/zone/znieff/940004133 EMBOUCHURE ET PLAINE DU LIAMONE (Identifiant national : 940004133) (ZNIEFF Continentale de type 1) (Identifiant régional : 00000080) La citation de référence de cette fiche doit se faire comme suite : P. MONEGLIA et B. RECORBET, .- 940004133, EMBOUCHURE ET PLAINE DU LIAMONE. - INPN, SPN-MNHN Paris, 39P. https://inpn.mnhn.fr/zone/znieff/940004133.pdf Région en charge de la zone : Corse Rédacteur(s) :P. MONEGLIA et B. RECORBET Centroïde calculé : 1131062°-1697366° Dates de validation régionale et nationale Date de premier avis CSRPN : 08/12/2009 Date actuelle d'avis CSRPN : 08/12/2009 Date de première diffusion INPN : 16/01/2020 Date de dernière diffusion INPN : 16/01/2020 1. DESCRIPTION ............................................................................................................................... 2 2. CRITERES D'INTERET DE LA ZONE ........................................................................................... 4 3. CRITERES DE DELIMITATION DE LA ZONE .............................................................................. 4 4. FACTEUR INFLUENCANT L'EVOLUTION DE LA ZONE ............................................................. 5 5. BILAN DES CONNAISSANCES - EFFORTS DES PROSPECTIONS ........................................... 6 6. HABITATS ...................................................................................................................................... 6 7. ESPECES ...................................................................................................................................... -
MORPHOLOGICAL, GENETIC and CHROMOSOMAL CHARACTERIZATION of CORSICAN and SPANISH BACILLUS ROSSIUS (INSECTA PHASMATODEA) F Tinti
MORPHOLOGICAL, GENETIC AND CHROMOSOMAL CHARACTERIZATION OF CORSICAN AND SPANISH BACILLUS ROSSIUS (INSECTA PHASMATODEA) F Tinti To cite this version: F Tinti. MORPHOLOGICAL, GENETIC AND CHROMOSOMAL CHARACTERIZATION OF CORSICAN AND SPANISH BACILLUS ROSSIUS (INSECTA PHASMATODEA). Vie et Milieu / Life & Environment, Observatoire Océanologique - Laboratoire Arago, 1993, pp.109-117. hal- 03045751 HAL Id: hal-03045751 https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-03045751 Submitted on 8 Dec 2020 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. VIE MILIEU, 1993, 43 (2-3) : 109-117 MORPHOLOGICAL, GENETIC AND CHROMOSOMAL CHARACTERIZATION OF CORSICAN AND SPANISH BACILLUS ROSSIUS (INSECTA PHASMATODEA) F. TINTI Dipartimento di Biologia Evoluzionistica Sperimentale, Sede Zoologia, Université di Bologna, via S. Giacomo 9, 40126 Bologna, Italia DISTANCES GENETIQUES RESUME - L'ootaxonomie, l'électrophorèse des systèmes gène-enzyme et l'ana- FUSION ROBERTSONIENNE lyse chromosomique révèlent que le Phasmide Bacillus rossius de Corse, parthé- OOTAXONOMIE nogénétique, appartient à la sous-espèce B. r. rossius. Les distances génétiques RESTRUCTURATIONS CHROMOSOMIQUES et les caractéristiques chromosomiques, malgré une fusion Robertsonienne, indi- SPANANDRIE quent une forte affinité avec les populations parthénogénétiques du Nord de la Sardaigne et de l'Ile d'Elbe; il est donc probable que toutes ces populations sont issues d'une dérive commune depuis le Tertiaire. -
©Zoologische Staatssammlung München;Download: Http
ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Spixiana, Zeitschrift für Zoologie Jahr/Year: 1994 Band/Volume: 017 Autor(en)/Author(s): Carlberg Ulf Artikel/Article: Bibliography of Phasmida (Insecta). VII. 1985-1989 179- 191 ©Zoologische Staatssammlung München;download: http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/; www.biologiezentrum.at SPIXIANA ©Zoologische Staatssammlung München;download: http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/; www.biologiezentrum.at Allred, M. L., Stark, B. P. & Lentz, D. L. 1986. Egg capsule morphology of Anisomorpha buprestoides (Phasmatodea: Pseudophasmatidae). - Ent. News 97: 169-174 Baccetti, B. 1985. Evolution of the sperm cell. In: Metz, C. B. & Monroy, A. (Eds.), Biology of Fertilization, vol. 2, pp. 3-58. New York (Academic Press) - - 1987a. Spermatozoa and stick insect phylogeny. - In: Mazzini & Scali (Eds.) 1987: 177-123 - - (Ed.) 1987b. Evolutionary Biology of Orthopteroid Insects. Chichester (EUis Horwood), 1-612 pp. - - 1987c. Spermatozoa and phylogeny in orthopteroid insects. - In: Baccetti (Ed.) 1987c: 12-112 Bart, A. 1988. Proximal leg regeneration in Cmmisius morosus: growth, intercalation and proximaliza- tion. - Development 102: 71-84 Bässler, U. 1985. Proprioceptive control of stick insect Walking. - In: Gewecke & Wendler (Eds.) 1985: 43-48 - - 1986a. On the definition of central pattern generator and its sensory control. - Biol. Cybern. 54: 65-69 - - 1986b. Afferent control of Walking movements in the stick insect C/;n/af/fna impigra. 1. Decerebrated - 345-349 animals on a treadband. J. Comp Physiol. A 158: - - - 1986c. Ibid. 11. Reflex reversal and the release of the swing phase in the restrained foreleg. J. Comp. Physiol. A 158: 351-362 - - 1987a. Timing and shaping influences on the motor Output for Walking in stick insects. -
Checklist Di Alcuni Gruppi Selezionati Dell'entomofauna Del Parco
BOLL. SOC. ENTOMOL. ITAL., 151 (2): 65-92, ISSN 0373-3491 31 AGOSTO 2019 Pierangelo CRuCIttI* - Davide BRoCChIERI* - Francesco BuBBICo* - Paolo CaStElluCCIo* - Francesco CERVoNI* - Edoardo DI RuSSo* - Federica EMIlIaNI* - Marco GIaRDINI* - Edoardo PulVIRENtI* Checklist di alcuni gruppi selezionati dell’entomofauna del Parco Naturale Archeologico dell’Inviolata (Guidonia Montecelio, Roma) XlI contributo allo studio della biodiversità della Campagna Romana a nord-est di Roma Riassunto: Sono riportati i risultati di una indagine conoscitiva sistematica effettuata negli anni 2016-2019 su alcuni gruppi di Insecta appar- tenenti a odonata, orthopteroidaea, Dermaptera, Coleoptera, lepidoptera, Isoptera e Mecoptera monitorati nel Parco Naturale archeologico dell’Inviolata (Roma, lazio). Sono descritti i principali caratteri geomorfologici, climatologici e vegetazionali dell’area studiata. I campionamenti sono stati effettuati con metodologie diversificate; raccolta manuale, trappole a caduta, sorgenti luminose, ispezione di feci, animali morti e ve- getazione acquatica. È stata accertata la presenza di 533 taxa appartenenti a 101 famiglie. l’ordine maggiormente rappresentato è quello dei Coleoptera (359 taxa) cui appartiene la famiglia più rappresentata, quella dei Carabidae (77 taxa); seguono i lepidoptera con 107 taxa. Nel complesso, le specie endemiche italiane e/o rare sono numerose. Eriogaster catax ed Euplagia quadripunctaria sono protette dalla Direttiva habitat (92/43/CEE). Si segnalano in particolare il rinvenimento di Labia minor (Dermaptera), osservata per la prima volta nella Campagna Romana, e di Anthaxia lucens (Buprestidae), per la quale il Parco dell’Inviolata è l’unica stazione nota nel lazio. l’analisi biogeografica, basata sui corotipi delle specie di odonata e Coleoptera Carabidae, ha evidenziato la predominanza di elementi ad ampia distribuzione, seguiti da quelli europei e mediterranei. -
14 Roversi Per Baccetti 2
REDIA, XCV, 2012: 93-100 OBITUARY PIO FEDERICO ROVERSI (*) REMEMBRANCES OF BACCIO BACCETTI (1) (*) Consiglio per la ricerca e la sperimentazione in agricoltura, Research Centre for Agrobiology and Pedology Dear Academicians, Ladies and Gentlemen We are gathered here today to remember and pay tribute to a man who left his mark in various fields of scientific knowledge for more than 50 years, always in the forefront of what was known or supposed to be known, with the gaze and the desire to go beyond, whether dealing with human sterility, biogeography of animal populations, tax- onomy, functional morphology or physiology, there was no difference. As he wrote in his curriculum, Baccio Baccetti began to regularly frequent the Royal Entomology Station in the heart of Florence in 1941, at the age 10. A young boy in an institute dedicated, since its establishment in 1875, to the study of insects, sitting with his books, his collections and his microscopes in rooms not far from the workplaces of pioneering scientists long hosted and protected by the Medici dynasty in difficult times for those who dared to explore the mechanisms of life. At just 21 years old, two years before graduating, he had already published in REDIA his first studies on the orthopterans of the Tuscan islands. At 23, he graduated with honours and the publication of his thesis. By 25, he had published 16 papers, mostly in international journals. At 28, he was an Experimenter in Florence’s Entomology Sta tion, at 33 Temporary Pro fessor of Human Genetics in the Department of Medicine and Genetics of the Faculty of Sciences of the University of Siena. -
Entomologische Impressionen Aus Dem Süden Korsikas.Pdf
Entomologische Impressionen aus dem Süden Korsikas Dr. Sascha Eilmus Reisezeitraum: 30. September – 11. Oktober 2014 Ziel: Marina di Fiori bei Porto Vecchio, Süd-Korsika Zusammenfassung Während eines Urlaubs auf Korsika Anfang Oktober 2014 konnte eine der für die Insel typischen Stabschreckenarten, Bacillus rossius Rossi 1790, mehrfach an unterschiedlichen Standorten und Höhenlagen gefunden werden. Daneben konnte eine Vielzahl andere interessanter Insekten, Amphibien und Reptilien beobachtet werden. Schlüsselwörter Phasmatodea, Bacillus rossius, Korsika. Einleitung Die zu Frankreich gehörende Insel Korsika zeichnet sich durch ein markantes Höhenprofil aus und ist damit eine der gebirgigsten Inseln des Mittelmeer mit einer durchschnittlichen Höhe von 568 m N.N.. Stein-, Korkeiche und Aleppo-Kiefer bilden noch ausgedehnte Wälder bis in 600 m Höhe. Zahlreiche Bäche und Flüsse führen ganzjährig Wasser und bieten daher auch einer besonderen Amphibienwelt einen Lebensraum. Aufgrund meines Interesses für Insekten der Ordnung Phasmatodea habe ich ganz besonders auf Stabschrecken geachtet, die an zahlreichen Fundorten mit großer Regelmäßigkeit in geeigneten Habitaten angetroffen werden konnten. Dazu geben ich einige Beobachtungen im folgenden Text. Fundorte von Bacillus rossius Rossi 1790 Koordinatenangaben und Höhenangaben sind mit einer gewissen Ungenauigkeit behaftet. Allerdings waren alle Vorkommen in den ausgedehnten Brombeerhecken im Jahr 2014 recht umfangreich zu sein, da fast immer nur stichprobenartig bei Tage nach Stabschrecken gesucht wurde und praktisch jede Suche erfolgreich verlief. Dabei wurde tendenziell eher die auffälligere, grüne Farbvariante gefunden. In der Hecke bei Porto Vecchio wurden ausnahmslos alle Tiere (4 adulte Weibchen, 4 weibliche Nymphen L3) nachts gefunden. 1. Marina di Fiori bei Porto Vecchio, Traverse de Chenes, Koordinaten 41.611825,9.280803; 1 mNN, 01.10.2014 – 08.10.2014. -
Bibliography of Phasmida (Insecta) - III
ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Beiträge zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology Jahr/Year: 1986 Band/Volume: 36 Autor(en)/Author(s): Carlberg Ulf Artikel/Article: Bibliography of Phasmida (Insecta) - III. (1950-1959). 255-260 ©www.senckenberg.de/; download www.contributions-to-entomology.org/ Beitr. Ent., Berlin 36 (1986) 2, S. 255-260 U l e C a r l b e r g 1 Bibliography of Phasmida (Insecta) III: 1950—1959 Introduction While reviewing the literature on the stick- and leaf-insects (order Phasmida) for the period 1960— 1979(C a r l b e r g , U., Spixiana 6, 27 — 43; 1983; Beitr. Ent., 35 (1985) S. 3 —12 some 750 references were found. This third part covers the period 1950—1959 and con tains 196 references. The literature has been obtained as described in previous parts (op. cit.). References not seen in original are marked with a star (*) and followed by source in brackets [ ]. The re ferences are given in their original form, without marks like sic for misspellings and taxo nomic errors. Due to nomenclature problems within this order, the scientific names are listed as presented in the original works, even if the generic name may be incorrect at present. Furthermore, Garausius (D ixip p u) smorosus (D e Sustety) have been omitted in the systematic index since ca. 50% of the references deals with it. For papers omitted, the author should appreciate receiving a note or a reprint of that p ap er. Acknowledgements I am most grateful to individual scientists, institutions and libraries for obtaining reprints, copies of thesises, reports etc.