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Satileksikon Peeter Vilborn vaatajakaart, salvestab uued koodid satelliidilt A antud käskluste põhjal B Audio Subcarrier – heli abikandevsagedus – videospektris asuv sagedus (5-8MHz) heli C ülekandeks D AV – AudioVideo – heli- ja pildisignaale a edastava pistikupesa (SCART) tähistus E Azimuth angle – asimuudi nurk – F AC (alternating current) – vahelduvvool horisontaalne sihinurk antenni juures, mida loetakse kraadides põhjasuunast päripäeva G A-PID (Audio Program Identification) – määrab ära digituuneris audio aadressi AZ-EL (Azimuth-Elevation) – antenni H paigaldusviis, mis lubab antenni suunata nii A/B Switch - A/B lüliti – ühe sisendiga tuuneril horisontaal- kui vertikaaltasandis I saab valida kahe LNB vahel J A/D (Analog/Digital) – seade muundab analoogsignaali digitaalseks K AC3 - Dolby Digitali standard, edastab 5+1 L kanalit kokkupakitult M Actuator - aktuaator – motoriseeritud seade antenni juhtimiseks N AFC (Automatic Frequency Control) – O automaatne sageduse järelhäälestus – b stabiliseerib tuuneri häälestust P AGC (Automatic Gain Control) – automaatne B-MAC (B-Multiplexed Analog Component) – Q võimenduse regulaator – hoiab stabiilset analoogsüsteemis kasutatav telesignaali R signaali tuuneris kui sisendnivoo muutub edastamise ja kodeerimise meetod kus audio on digitaalne S AM (Amplitude Modulation) – amplituudmodulatsioon – kasutatakse nii Bps (bits per second) – bit/sek – digisignaali T teatud analoog- kui digisignaalide edastamisel ülekandekiirus bitti sekundis U Analog Transmission – analoogedastus – Band – sagedusriba – kahe määratud sageduse infosignaal muutub ajas pidevalt, mitte vahel asuv sagedusala V hüppeliselt nagu digiedastusel BW (bandwith) – ribalaius – ülekandekanali W Antenna – seade raadiosignaalide saatmiseks kõrgema ja madalama sageduse vahe, ja/või vastuvõtuks satituuneris tavaliselt 27MHz X Apogee – satelliidi orbiidi kaugeim punkt Beam – kiir – satelliidilt maale suunatud Y signaalivoog (globaal-, regionaal- või täpp-kiir), AU Card (auto update) – nn iseuuenduv mis määrab satelliidi leviala Z 2 Beamwidth – kiirgusnurk - antennist kiirguva saab tasu teenuse kasutajalt A või vastuvõetava signaalivoo nurk (koonus), kus signaali võimsus on maksimaalsest CAM (Conditional Access Module) – teatud B langenud kaks korda kodeeringusüsteemi tuunerisse sisseehitatud moodul, mis vaatajakaardi abil tagab C Bit – bitt – väikseim infohulk, kahendsüsteemis programmi avamise 0 või 1 D CATV (Community Antenna TV/Cable TV) – BER (Bit Error Rate) – vigaste bittide arv ühisantenni või kaabel TV süsteem erinevate E signaalis miljoni databiti kohta, digisignaali (TV,raadio, data) teenuste pakkumiseks kvaliteedi näitaja kliendile kaabli kaudu F Bird – geostatsionaarsel orbiidil paikneva Carrier – kandevsagedus – analoogsignaali G satelliidi üldnimetus slängis (näit. EuroBird, ülekandel kasutatava sagedusriba kesksagedus HotBird) H Cassegrain Dish – profitehnikas kasutatav BNC (Bayone-Neill Connector) – teatud tüüpi eriline kahekordse peegliga satiantenn, I lukustatav (bajonett) koaksiaalpistik tavalisega võrreldes tagab suurema kasuteguri videosignaali ühendamiseks J CCIR (International Radio Consultative Box – telerile lisatav vastuvõtja, mis laiendab Committee) – oli Lääne-Euroopa tele-raadio K esimese võimalusi (näit. digi TV Dreambox) standardeid määrav organisatsioon (nüüd ITU- R), vasukaaluks oli loodud Ida-Euroopa L BS (Broadcasting Satellite) – levisatelliit analoog OIRT M BSS (Broadcast Satellite Service) – Channel Bandwith – kanali ribalaius – levisatelliitidele kinnistatud sagedusriba (10,7- sagedusvahemik, millelt teatud programmi N 12,75 GHz) edastatakse O Byte – bait – kaheksast bitist koosnev Channel ID – kanali identifikaator – iga infokogum, mis moodustab sümboli digikanalit/paketti määrav indeks (näit. 01 0C P 40) Q CI (Common Interface) – tuuneri eriline pesa R välise CI mooduli paigaldamiseks S Clarke Orbit – geostatsionaarsete satelliitide ekvatoriaalne ringorbiit 35780 km kõrgusel T maapinnast, kus tiirlemisperiood on 24 tundi ja satelliit “seisab” taevas samas punktis. U Esmakordselt võttis kasutusele kirjanik ja futuroloog sir Arthur C. Clarke 1945.aastal V c Clone card – kloonkaart – legaalse W C band – ülikõrgsageduslik laineala 3,4-6,425 vaatajakaardi põhjal valmistatud sarnaste GHz, sat TVs (põhiliselt USAs) kasutatav omadustega piraatkaart X sagedusala 3,7-4,2 GHz C/N (Carrier toNoise) – kandevlaine ja Y CA (Conditional Access) - tingimuslik mürasignaali suhe – suurem väärtus tagab juurdepääs – meetod, kus programmivaldaja parema pildi kvaliteedi, mõõdetakse dB Z 3 Coaxial Cable – kesksoonega varjestatud dBi (decibels relative to Isotropic Antenna) – A kaabel laiaribaliste signaalide ülekandeks näitab suunatud antenni suhtelist võimendust võrreldes (isotroopse) ringkiirgajaga B Composite Video - standardne videosignaal sisaldab värvus-ja heledussignaale (PAL, DBS (Direct Broadcast Satellite) – otselevi satel- C SECAM või NTSC süsteemis), tavaliselt tuuneri liit – suurevõimsuseline (iga transponder 120- SCART pesas 200W), reeglina Ku-diapasoonis töötav TV sa- D telliit võimaldab vastuvõttu väikese antenniga Conax – kompanii Telenori teatud kodeeri- (0,6-1m) E misviis, kasutatakse Skandinaaviamaades DTH (direct to home) – otse koju – sama mis F CP (Circular Polarization) – ringpolarisatsioon DBS, termin kasutusel Ameerika Ühendriikides – kasutatakse mõnedel satelliitidel, võib olla RH G (right hand) – päripäevane või LH (left hand) – dBW – mõõtühik, näitab satelliidi signaali vastupäevane - nõuab erilist vastuvõtu pead võimsust võrreldes võimsusega 1W H CRT (Cathode Ray Tube) – kineskoop DC (Direct Current) – alalisvool I (katoodkiirte toru), millele teleris tekib kujutis Declination Offset Angle – ettekaldenurk – J Cryptoworks – kompanii Philipsi teatud parandusnurk mootoriga pööratava polarmount kodeerimisviis, kasutatakse Austrias, Poolas, antenni juures, mis tagab täpsema geostatsio- K Shveitsis jm naarsete satelliitide jälgimise, Eestis keskmiselt 7,5 kraadi L Decoder – dekooder – eraldiseisev seade kodee- M ritud telesignaali avamiseks, kasutati analoog- süsteemis N DES (Digital Encryption Standard) – 56 bitine O krüpeerimise algoritm, kasutati D2-MAC Eurocrypt süsteemis P Deviation – deviatsioon – sagedusmoduleeritud Q (FM) signaali parameeter, näitab sageduse R d ulatust, kus kandesagedus võib muutuda S D2-MAC (D2-Multiplexed Analogue Compo- Diagnostic test – diagnostika test – mõnedes nent) - analoogsüsteemis kasutatav telesignaali satituunerites sisseehitatud programm, või- T edastamise ja kodeerimise levinuim meetod, maldab kontrollida sõlmede kaupa seadme kus audio on digitaalne korrasolekut U DAB (Digital Audio Broadcast) – digitaalse Digitalization – digitaliseerimine – kui analoog- V audio edastamise standard signaal muundatakse digitaalseks W DAC (Digital to Analog Converter) - seade DiSEqC (Digital Satellite Equipment Control- digisignaali muundamiseks analoogseks ler) – standard, mis määrab antenni toitekaablit X pidi erinevate seadmete (lülitid, mootorid jne) dB (decibels) – detsibell – signaalide (pinge, juhtimiseks edastatavate digitaalsete juhtsig- Y voolu, võimsuse) suhteline logaritmiline naalide (22 kHz toonpaketid) parameetrid. mõõtühik Esmakasutusele võeti Eutelsati poolt 1996.a, Z 4 kasutusel on kolm versiooni: DiSEqC V1.0, Näit. kvaliteetne ühemeetrine offsettantenn A DiSEqC V1.2, DiSEqC V2.0 annab Ku-diapasoonis võimendust 10000 korda e 40 dBi, C-diapasoonis vaid 1000 korda e 30 B DiSEqC V1.0 – ühesuunaline süsteem – või- dBi. Võimendus sõltub sagedusest ja antenni maldab saata signaale alt üles kahe, nelja või pindalast (läbimõõdust) C enama antennipea kommuteerimiseks, DNR (Dynamic Noise Reduction) – dünaamili- D DiSEqC V1.2 – sama – lisaks võimaldab teatud ne müratasandi – teatud skeemiline lahendus, tüüpi positsioneeri mootori juhtimist, vähendab helitraktis kõrgemasageduslikku E müra DiSEqC V2.0 – kahesuunaline süsteem – lisaks F eelnevale lubab antenni automaatset Downlink – satelliidil asuv (alla) maale suuna- seadistamist (autofocus), diagnostikat ja tud saatekompleks G komplitseeritud lülitusi Dolby – kompaniis Dolby Laboratories kasutu- H Dish – taldrik, kauss – paraboolantenni, mis sele võetud audiosignaali töötlemise meetod kogub ja suunab signaalid satelliidilt LNBle, parendamaks helikvaliteeti, kasutusel on mit- I nimetus slängis med versioonid: J Dish Aperture – paraboolantenni avaus (läbi- Dolby A, B, C ja Dolby SR analoogsüsteemides, mõõt) – määrab satelliidilt vastuvõetava signaali Dolby Digital/AC3, Dolby Digital Surround K hulga (tugevuse). Suurema läbimõõduga antenn Sound, Dolby Pro Logic, DolbyDigital 5.1 jt kogub rohkem signaalienergiat ja on suurema digisüsteemides L võimendusega Downconverter – USAs kasutatav vastuvõtu- M Dish Beamwith – antenni kiirelaius (suunadia- pead (LNB) tähistav termin - seade, mis muun- gramm)–näitab antenni poolt vastuvõetavat dab ülikõrgsagedusliku satisignaali madalamale N nurka, kus signaalitugevus langeb kaks korda, nn vahesagedusele, mis juhitakse piki kaablit sõltub antenni suurusest ja on suurusjärgus satituunerisse edasiseks töötlemiseks O mõned kraadid DPSC (Digital Pirate Satellite Card) – mitte- P Dish Efficiency – antenni kasutegur – näitab ametlik, piraatne sati digikaart vastuvõtupea poolt kinnipüütud signaali suhet Q antenni pinnale langeva energiaga. Keskfooku- DPSK (Differential Phase Shift Keying) – teatud R sega parabooli kasutegur on keskmiselt 50-60%, modulatsiooni liik, kasutatakse digitaalsete sati- offsettantennil kuni 70%, Cassegrain antennidel saadete juures S kuni 90% DSS (Digital
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    4%...:-y HE 7601 .S46 COMMUNICATIONS Gr · ee FORUM "Direct Broadcast Satellite" November 1, 1990 Seminar Notes T r I- MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY i' MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY COMMUNICATIONS FORUM "Direct Broadcast Satellite" November 1, 1990 Seminar Notes Prof. Andrew Lippman, M.I.T., Organizer Thomas Wolzien, NBC Cable Dr. Vivien Horner, SkyPix Corporation Dr. Mark F. Medress, General Instrument Corporation Elizabeth H. Prodromou, M.I.T., Rapporteur __ ·~~~__~_~~____ This session of the MIT Communications Forum brought together three speakers for a discussion of issues related to direct broadcast satellite technology and services. The idea of direct-to-home satellite television has been around for many years, but it exists in America primarily for those who do not connect to a cable system. However, the possiblity of high power satellites, flat receiver dishes as small as a serving tray, 256 ahannels on one bird and HDTV have created new opportunities for communications that could exceed the potential of cable. Most plans involve the first widespread use of digital video as a consumer item, a fundamental change to television. The speakers in this panel will address the broadcasting plans and technical innovations for new approaches to DBS that are slated to go on- the-air as early as next year. Prof. Andrew Lippman of the MIT Medi Laboratory introduced the speakers, with some summary opening remarks on direct broadcast satellite (DBS) technology. He noted that, while the Communications Forum periodically has held discussions on HDTV, today's discussion was somewhat different than those in the past insofar as the discussion will point to the convergence between many programming and technological developments.
  • Image and Video Encryption from Digital Rights Management to Secured Personal Communication Advances in Information Security

    Image and Video Encryption from Digital Rights Management to Secured Personal Communication Advances in Information Security

    Image and Video Encryption From Digital Rights Management to Secured Personal Communication Advances in Information Security Sushil Jajodia Consulting editor Center for Secure Information Systems George Mason University Fairfax‚ VA 22030-4444 email: jajodia @ gmu. edu The goals of Kluwer International Series on ADVANCES IN INFORMATION SECURITY are‚ one‚ to establish the state of the art of‚ and set the course for future research in information security and‚ two‚ to serve as a central reference source for advanced and timely topics in information security research and development. The scope of this series includes all aspects of computer and network security and related areas such as fault tolerance and software assurance. ADVANCES IN INFORMATION SECURITY aims to publish thorough and cohesive overviews of specific topics in information security‚ as well as works that are larger in scope or that contain more detailed background information than can be accommodated in shorter survey articles. The series also serves as a forum for topics that may not have reached a level of maturity to warrant a comprehensive textbook treatment. Researchers as well as developers are encouraged to contact Professor Sushil Jajodia with ideas for books under this series. Additional titles in the series: INTRUSION DETECTION AND CORRELATION: Challenges and Solutions by Christopher Kruegel‚ Fredrik Valeur and Giovanni Vigna; ISBN: 0-387-23398-9 THE AUSTIN PROTOCOL COMPILER by Tommy M. McGuire and Mohamed G. Gouda; ISBN: 0-387-23227-3 ECONOMICS OF INFORMATION SECURITY by L. Jean Camp and Stephen Lewis; ISBN: 1-4020-8089-1 PRIMALITY TESTING AND INTEGER FACTORIZATION IN PUBLIC KEY CRYPTOGRAPHY by Song Y.
  • TDR3000 Professional Digital Satellite IRD with CI and ASI

    TDR3000 Professional Digital Satellite IRD with CI and ASI

    TDR3000 Professional Digital Satellite IRD With CI and ASI D E S C R I P T I O N H I G H L I G H T S The TDR3000 is Tiernan's cost effective DVB and MPEG-2 Compliant professional IRD solution for cable, business or private television networks. The TDR3000 is DVB Dual Common Interface Slot for PCMCIA and MPEG-2 compliant and equipped with a Conax, CryptoWorks, Irdeto, NDS, Mediaguard, SECA, QPSK demodulator and an ASI input and output. Viaccess and Others Supported The 1RU, rack mountable, TDR3000 can be configured with up to two PCMCIA Common Remote Control Switching for PCMCIA Interface modules allowing the unit to receive various encrypted DVB-S programs. These DVB-S Transparent Decryption ASI or programs include, but are not limited to, Conax, Non-Decryption Output CryptoWorks, Irdeto, NDS, Mediaguard, SECA Dual QPSK & ASI Input Options and Viaccess. Multiple Channel Decryption Via a TDR3000 Daisy-Chain Configuration D U A L I N P U T S : The TDR3000 provides two signal input options, Front Panel Configuration and Monitoring one is QPSK which receives the DVB-S signal 256 Color Screen Display Supports Multiple Languages from the satellite, and the other is ASI. The ASI source could be provided by another CATV head- OSD Teletext (DVB ETS 300 706) and Caption Function end device. Supported Video PID & Audio PID Setup EPG M A X I M U M F L E X I B I L I T Y : Function Supports PIGDisplay The ASI input and two ASI outputs enable the user to pass along an encrypted program to another Automatic Conversion Between NTSC & PAL IRD for decrypting.