Report on War Crimes Trials in Serbia During 2019
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REPORT ON WAR CRIMES TRIALS IN SERBIA DURING 2019 ISBN 978-86-7932-109-1 REPORT ON WAR CRIMES TRIALS IN SERBIA DURING 2019 ISBN 978-86-7932-109-1 REPORT ON WAR CRIMES TRIALS IN SERBIA DURING 2019 Belgrade, March 2020 Contents Introduction and methodology .......................................................................................................7 General findings and socio-political context .................................................................................8 Inefficiency of the OWCP ........................................................................................................................ 8 Rulebook on Anonymisation of Personal Data in Indictments of the OWCP ............................ 12 Efficient work of the Higher Court in Belgrade ................................................................................. 15 Deciding on associated action for damages in war crimes proceedings ....................................... 15 Public promotion of convicted war criminals .................................................................................... 17 Pending war crime cases in the War Crimes Department of the Higher Court in Belgrade as the court of first instance ...................................................................................... 20 I. The Bratunac – Suha Case .................................................................................................................. 20 II. The Brčko II Case ............................................................................................................................... 23 III. The Ćuška/Qyshk Case ..................................................................................................................... 27 3 IV. The Doboj – Kožuhe Case ................................................................................................................ 36 V. The Hrasnica Case ............................................................................................................................... 41 VI. The Ključ – Velagići Case ................................................................................................................. 46 VII. The Sanski Most – Lušci Palanka Case ........................................................................................ 51 VIII. The Srebrenica Case ....................................................................................................................... 55 IX. The Štrpci Case .................................................................................................................................. 66 X. The Zvornik – Standard Case ........................................................................................................... 74 First-instance judgments before the Higher Court in Belgrade ............................................... 79 I. The Bosanski Petrovac – Gaj Case ................................................................................................... 79 II. The Bosanska Krupa II Case ............................................................................................................ 85 III. The Bratunac Case ............................................................................................................................. 91 IV. The Brčko Case ................................................................................................................................... 99 Report on War Crimes Trials in Serbia during 2019 V. The Ključ – Rejzovići Case ..............................................................................................................104 VI. The Lovas Case .................................................................................................................................109 Final judgments in cases before the Higher Court in Belgrade............................................... 120 I. The Trnje/Tërrnje Case .....................................................................................................................120 II. The Bosanska Krupa Case ...............................................................................................................129 III. The Ključ-Šljivari Case ....................................................................................................................135 Final judgments in cases before the Court of Appeal in Belgrade .......................................... 140 I. The Skočić Case ..................................................................................................................................140 II. The Ključ-Kamičak Case ..................................................................................................................148 Case in which plea agreement was conducted .......................................................................... 155 I. The Gornje Nerodimlje Case ............................................................................................................155 Proceeding on requestfor recognition and enforcement of foreign judgment 4 in war crimes cases ....................................................................................................................... 159 I. The Novak Đukić Case – Tuzla’s „Kapija“ Case ............................................................................159 Report on War Crimes Trials in Serbia during 2019 Abbreviations used in the text BIH Bosnia and Herzegovina CC FRY Criminal Code of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia ZKP The Criminal Procedure Code ECHR The European Convention on Human Rights ECtHR The European Court of Human Rights EU The European Union HLC The Humanitarian Law Center ICRC The International Committee of the Red Cross ICTY The International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia IHL International humanitarian law JNA The Yugoslav People’s Army KLA The Kosovo Liberation Army Law on War Crimes The Law on Organization and Jurisdiction of State Authorities in Prosecuting Perpetrators of War Crimes MUP The Ministry of the Interior OWCP The Office of the War Crimes Prosecutor of the Republic of Serbia 5 RPPO The Office of the Republic Public Prosecutor VJ The Yugoslav Army VRS The Army of the Republic of Srpska Report on War Crimes Trials in Serbia during 2019 Introduction and methodology This is the eighth report of the Humanitarian Law Center (HLC) on war crimes trials in Serbia. The HLC has monitored all war crimes trials conducted in the territory of Serbia during 2019, namely a total of 24 cases conducted before the War Crimes Departments of the Higher Court and the Court of Appeal in Belgrade. The Report provides a brief overview of all the cases and of the HLC’s basic findings in respect of proceedings which are of public relevance. A large number of the war crimes cases covered by this Report have been going on for a number of years now, so that previous HLC Reports on war crimes trials may also be consulted for a full grasp of the course of the proceedings and the relevant HLC findings. The Report focuses on the work of the Office of the War Crimes Prosecutor (OWCP) and the courts in sessions open to the public, primarily analysing the indictments and judgments in each particular case. An analysis of the work of other bodies involved in the prosecution of war crimes – the War Crimes Investigation Service of the Serbian Ministry of the Interior (MUP), the Witness Protection Unit and others, could not be undertaken in respect of the individual cases, as no information on their activities was publicly available. In the reporting period, the War Crimes Department of the Higher Court in Belgrade handed down first-instance judgments in eight cases.1 The War Crimes Department of the Court of Appeal in Belgrade handed down four judgments and one ruling, two of the judgments and the ruling being on 7 appeals lodged against judgments of the Higher Court in Belgrade,2 and the two other judgments on appeals against judgments of the Court of Appeal in Belgrade in proceedings in which the Department decided at third instance.3 Over the reporting period, the OWCP filed three indictments against three individuals.4 Since it began working in 2003 until the end of 2019, the OWCP brought indictments in 76 war crimes cases, indicting a total of 198 persons and encompassing 2,454 victims who lost their lives. Three of the cases were joined with cases instituted earlier, and final rulings were rendered in 49 out of 73 cases; one case was terminated on account of the death of the defendant; in three cases the indictments were dismissed because the defendants had been found unfit to stand trial; and 20 cases are ongoing. In those cases which have been finally concluded, a total of 70 defendants have been convicted and 52 acquitted. Also, indictments were dismissed against 20 out of the total number of the accused, either on account of their incapacity to stand trial, or because proceedings were terminated on account of their deaths. In the finally concluded cases, the indictments listed a total of 925 victims 1 The Lovas, Trnje, Bosanski Petrovac – Gaj, Bratunac, Brčko, Ključ – Rejzovići,Bosanska Krupa II Cases and Gornje Nerodimlje 2 Judgments were rendered in the Ključ – Šljivari and Bosanska Krupa Cases, and the Ruling in the Bosanski Petrovac – Gaj Case. 3 TheKljuč –Kamičak and Skočić Cases. 4 Indictment KTO 1/19 of 10 May 2019 against Dalibor Maksimović, Indictment KTO 2/19 of 26 September 2019 against Dalibor Krstović, Indictment KTO 3/19 of 3 July 2019 against