DOCSLIB.ORG

Bittorrent Based Transmission of Real-Time Scalable Video Over P2P Networks

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Bittorrent Based Transmission of Real-Time Scalable Video Over P2P Networks View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Sapientia BitTorrent based Transmission of Real-Time Scalable Video over P2P Networks Pedro L. Rodrigues Jânio M. Monteiro Departamento de Engª. Eletrotécnica INESC Inovação, Lisbon, Portugal & Instituto Superior de Engenharia, UAlg Instituto Superior de Engenharia, UAlg Faro, Portugal Faro, Portugal [email protected] Abstract— The number of software applications available on the support of Quality of Service (QoS) in the Internet; and finally Internet for distributing video streams in real time over P2P they are proprietary solutions without a defined standard. networks has grown quickly in the last two years. Typical this kind of distribution is made by television channel broadcasters In terms of video the Scalable Video Coding (SVC) which try to make their content globally available, using viewer’s extension [2] of the H.264/AVC standard enables the resources to support a large scale distribution of video without transmission and decoding of several layers with different incurring in incremental costs. However, the lack of adaptation temporal, spatial or signal-to-noise ratio resolutions. The in video quality , combined with the lack of a standard protocol scalability property of SVC supports the splitting of the main for this kind of multimedia distribution has driven content bit stream into several sub-streams, forming a base layer, fully providers to basically ignore it as a solution for video delivery compatible with H.264/AVC devices, and several enhancement over the Internet. While the scalable extension of the H.264 layers. These properties support the adaptation of the video encoding (H.264/SVC) can be used to support terminal and quality to different bit rates and distinct terminal capabilities. network heterogeneity, it is not clear how it can be integrated in a When combined with an adequate protection mechanism it also P2P overlay to form a large scale and real time distribution. In enables a graceful degradation of quality for the transmission this paper, we start by defining a solution that combines the most over loss prone channels [3]. popular P2P file-sharing protocol, the BitTorrent, with the H.264/SVC encoding for a real-time video content delivery. Using In terms of P2P, the BitTorrent protocol is the most popular this solution we then evaluate the effect of several parameters in P2P file-sharing protocol used on the Internet. In 2008 P2P the quality received by peers. file-sharing traffic was the largest type of traffic on Internet and 70% of this traffic was estimated to be made by BitTorrent Keywords- Peer-to-Peer (P2P), Video, Scalable Video Coding clients [4]. However, although it is extensively used in the (SVC), Real-Time, BitTorrent transmission of non-real time data, its adaptation for the transmission of real-time video is still an open issue. I. INTRODUCTION The massive utilization of video services over the Internet Given these considerations, the aim of this paper is to like YouTube, live Internet video, online video purchases and evaluate how to combine the P2P file-sharing protocol rentals, webcam viewing and web-based video monitoring has BitTorrent with the scalable extension of the H.264 encoding increased the global traffic of Internet video so significantly, (SVC) [2] for the support of real-time video delivery. The rest that for the first time in ten years P2P file-sharing traffic is no of this paper is organized as follows. Section II describes some longer the largest Internet traffic type in the Internet. Video of the main features of the BitTorrent protocol. Section III took its place during 2010, with 40% of the overall traffic, with presents the changes required to enable the transmission of some forecasts predicting that it will reach 90% in 2015, as H.264/SVC over IP networks taking into account its scalability described in [1]. properties. Section IV describes the implemented simulator and the improvements made to the BitTorrent protocol to support a This growth partially results from the continuous increment real-time transmission of SVC. Section V presents the obtained of the utilization of P2PTV software applications like simulation results. Finally, section VI concludes the paper TVUPlayer or PPStream, that distribute video content in real pointing out future developments that follow from this work. time over P2P networks. Typical this kind of distribution is made by TV broadcast channels from all over the world trying II. BITTORRENT PROTOCOL to make their contents globally available. By using the peer’s The BitTorrent protocol [5] was designed to distribute large computational and network resources, they are able to files in smaller pieces using a mutual distribution method distribute their video content to a much larger number of between a group of peers called a swarm. To download a file receivers, without incurring in additional infrastructure costs. using BitTorrent protocol, besides requiring a BitTorrent client However, all these software applications suffer from very installed, a torrent file is needed. The torrent file contains very similar problems, including: lack of adaption to bandwidth important information required to download the content files, fluctuations; lack of support for different type of terminals; including the fixed piece size in which the content files will be low quality of the multimedia streams due to the lack of chopped and the URL of the tracker of the swarm. The tracker is built from a web server and monitors all the peers in the In the first part of this study, transmission tests were swarm. Each peer contacts the tracker to get a list of peers in performed with the H.264/SVC stream [3] in order to analyze the swarm and, after that, starts communicating directly with its capability of being transmitted over the Internet without the other peers, i.e. without intervention of the tracker. Active losing its scalable properties. For that purpose, four different peers that have a complete copy of the content are called seeds video sequences were encoded using the H.264/SVC encoder and peers still downloading the content are called leechers [5]. [7]. Two image definitions (424x240 and 848x480) were used, with four levels of temporal scalability (30, 15, 7.5 and 3.75 Each peer requests pieces to download from its neighbor fps) and two levels of SNR quality. peers in a random order. Each time a peer has successfully downloaded a piece of the file, it announces it to the other TABLE I connected peers within the swarm. TRANSMISSION LAYERS ACCORDING TO SVC SCALABILITY LAYERS The purpose of each peer is to maximize its piece download rate in a reciprocal manner. Several policies are implemented Transmission SVC NAL Unit Layer in the protocol to achieve fairness, provide incentives for D T Q mutual exchange, avoid overloading and find better peers with Layer 0 0 0, 1, 2 and 3 0 which to exchange pieces. Each peer should avoid being Layer 1 0 0 1 overloaded by requests for pieces. For this reason and for good Layer 2 0 1 1 TCP performance, each peer limits the number of simultaneous Layer 3 0 2 1 active connections, typically to four different peers [6]. Then Layer 4 0 3 1 the choke/unchoke mechanism is put into place and the active Layer 5 1 0, 1, 2 and 3 0 connections are placed in the unchoked state, while the other Layer 6 1 0 1 Layer 7 1 1 1 neighbor connections are placed in the choked state. To avoid Layer 8 1 2 1 repetitive changes of choked state, called as fibrillation, this Layer 9 1 3 1 process is limited to occur in intervals of 10 seconds. Exchanges with neighbors should be fair, that is, each peer should reciprocate by supplying pieces to peers that also A. Fragmentation and Reassembling of H.264/SVC Streams provide downloads to it. Finally, each peer should try to In order to explore the scalability options of the H.264/SVC connect other peers periodically to see if their download rate is bit stream, it must be fragmented in several transmission layers, better than the current ones in its active group of peers. taking into account the Network Adaptation Layer (NAL) unit types. To achieve this, the H.264/SVC bit stream is in a first To achieve the fairness and performance goals, each peer stage partitioned into smaller files, called chunk files, which in follows several strategies. First, it uses a rarest-first turn were fragmented into several transmission layers, prioritization of pieces to download by selecting pieces that according to their NAL unit types and in response to the have been least downloaded, increasing the probability of other scalable spatial, temporal and SNR layers (i.e., (D,T,Q) peers becoming interested in exchanging pieces with it. identifiers). Table I represents the (D,T,Q) identifiers of each Second, it favors peers with higher capacity of transferring transmission layer and Figure 1 presents the Block diagram of information, based on previous data transfer rates with each the chunk and layer partitioning/reassembling functions. neighbor peer. Third, it tests other peers periodically to see if better transfer rates can be obtained. This optimistic unchoking The fragmentation process starts by analyzing H.264/SVC mechanism selects an interested random peer every 30 seconds. bit stream structures searching for NAL units of Supplemental Enhancement Information (SEI) type. At the encoding it was Additionally, the BitTorrent protocol uses a called tit-for-tat defined that each chunks starts by the SEI message. strategy in which the downloading peer chooses other peers Afterwards, the splitting into transmission layers is based on based on the capacity of that peer to download the piece he is the analysis of the tuple (D,T,Q) of the correspondent NAL interested in.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Download Torrent File Href=Magnet Download Torrent File"" Href=""Magnet: Last Active: Oct 26, 2014 Threads: 13 Posts: 20
    download torrent file href=magnet Download torrent file"" href=""magnet: Last Active: Oct 26, 2014 Threads: 13 Posts: 20. Last Active: Jun 05, 2017 Threads: 308 Posts: 515. i've read from the old suprbay about magnet links being set as default, and torrent links only be used for torrents below 10 peers. Last Active: Oct 02, 2019 Threads: 48 Posts: 2,385. Last Active: Jul 10, 2020 Threads: 0 Posts: 3. Last Active: Jul 12, 2018 Threads: 54 Posts: 2,462. Torrent links haven't appeared on the site since it returned 18 months ago. They never will again. The Download link is advertising, deliberately deceptive advertising at that, fuck knows what clicking it will result in but I wouldn't expect it to be anything good. Download torrent file"" href=""magnet: Last Active: Sep 11, 2020 Threads: 242 Posts: 604. credits to my friend suzitastik With the widespread use of magnet links on various sites, many people with seedboxes ask how to get the .torrent file from the Magnet Link to add to rutorrent. Firstly find the torrent you want. Right click on the red Magnet Link icon. Copy Link Address. Go to rutorrent client, click ADD torrent. This will open up a box. Choose Add Torrent URL > paste URL. The .torrent should now be successfully added to rtorrent. All Done ! I hope this helps some people. Please add anything to improve this process. Given a .torrent file how do I generate a magnet link in python? [closed] I need a way to convert .torrents into magnet links.
    [Show full text]
  • A Study of Peer-To-Peer Systems
    A Study of Peer-to-Peer Systems JIA, Lu A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Philosophy in Information Engineering The Chinese University of Hong Kong August 2009 Abstract of thesis entitled: A Study of Peer-to-Peer Systems Submitted by JIA, Lu for the degree of Master of Philosophy at The Chinese University of Hong Kong in June 2009 Peer-to-peer (P2P) systems have evolved rapidly and become immensely popular in Internet. Users in P2P systems can share resources with each other and in this way the server loading is reduced. P2P systems' good performance and scalability attract a lot of interest in the research community as well as in industry. Yet, P2P systems are very complicated systems. Building a P2P system requires carefully and repeatedly thinking and ex- amining architectural design issues. Instead of setting foot in all aspects of designing a P2P system, this thesis focuses on two things: analyzing reliability and performance of different tracker designs and studying a large-scale P2P file sharing system, Xun- lei. The "tracker" of a P2P system is used to lookup which peers hold (or partially hold) a given object. There are various designs for the tracker function, from a single-server tracker, to DHT- based (distributed hash table) serverless systems. In the first part of this thesis, we classify the different tracker designs, dis- cuss the different considerations for these designs, and provide simple models to evaluate the reliability of these designs. Xunlei is a new proprietary P2P file sharing protocol that has become very popular in China.
    [Show full text]
  • Bittorrent Files Hace Stopped Downloading
    bittorrent files hace stopped downloading Why Some Torrents Don’t Download? A torrent that doesn’t start downloading or one that suddenly stops can be very frustrating. You check your Internet connection, the cables, and everything looks good. So what can be the reasons for those torrents that don’t seem to work? Some Torrents Don’t Download. The main reason behind a torrent file that doesn’t even start downloading is the lack of seeders and peers. In other words, there is no one seeding that file, meaning there’s no place where you can download it from. That’s why it’s very important that you have a look at the number of seeders and peers every time you start a new download. Seeders are the users who already finished downloading and are only sharing. The peers are the ones like you, the ones who are downloading and uploading at the same time. Some Files Suddenly Stop Downloading. This is another common scenario. We’ve all been there when a torrent stops at some moment, such as 99%. That usually happens when there are only peers, but no seeders . If you think about it, it makes total sense. The peers have many parts of the torrent in common, and they will share those between them. But because there are zero seeders, no one has the entire file , and everyone will share the same parts and stop in the same percentage point. A Dead Torrent. Both of the situations we just saw are what users in the community call a “dead torrent”.
    [Show full text]
  • Bittorrent, Inc., ) DOCKET NO
    142 3020 UNITED STATES OF AMERICA FEDERAL TRADE COMMISSION COMMISSIONERS: Edith Ramirez, Chairwoman Julie Brill Maureen K. Ohlhausen Joshua D. Wright Terrell McSweeny ____________________________________ ) In the Matter of ) ) BitTorrent, Inc., ) DOCKET NO. C-4464 a corporation. ) ) ___________________________________ ) COMPLAINT The Federal Trade Commission, having reason to believe that the BitTorrent, Inc., a corporation, has violated the Federal Trade Commission Act (“FTC Act”), and it appearing to the Commission that this proceeding is in the public interest, alleges: 1. Respondent BitTorrent, Inc. (“BitTorrent”) is a California corporation, with its principal office or place of business at 303 2nd Street, Suite S600, San Francisco, CA 94107. 2. Respondent is the developer of a popular peer-to-peer file-sharing system used to exchange software, music, movies, digital books, and other large files online. 3. The acts and practices of respondent as alleged in this complaint have been in or affecting commerce, as “commerce” is defined in Section 4 of the FTC Act. 4. Respondent has set forth on its website, www.bittorrent.com, privacy policies and statements about its practices, including statements related to its participation in the Safe Harbor privacy framework agreed upon by the U.S. and the European Union (“U.S.-EU Safe Harbor Framework”). The Framework 5. The U.S.-EU Safe Harbor Framework provides a method for U.S. companies to transfer personal data outside of Europe that is consistent with the requirements of the European Union Directive on Data Protection (“Directive”). Enacted in 1995, the Directive sets forth European Union (“EU”) requirements for privacy and the protection of personal data.
    [Show full text]
  • Deluge-2.0.3
    deluge Documentation Release 2.0.3 Deluge Team June 12, 2019 CONTENTS 1 Contents 1 1.1 Getting started with Deluge.......................................1 1.2 How-to guides..............................................2 1.3 Release notes...............................................3 1.4 Development & community.......................................6 1.5 Development guide............................................ 11 1.6 Reference................................................. 21 i ii CHAPTER ONE CONTENTS 1.1 Getting started with Deluge This is a starting point if you are new to Deluge where we will walk you through getting up and running with our BitTorrent client. 1.1.1 Installing Deluge These are the instructions for installing Deluge. Consider them a work-in-progress and feel free to make suggestions for improvement. Ubuntu PPA Until the stable PPA is updated, the development version of Deluge can be used: sudo add-apt-repository-u ppa:deluge-team/stable sudo apt install deluge PyPi To install from Python PyPi, Deluge requires the following system installed packages: sudo apt install python3-pip python3-libtorrent python3-gi python3-gi-cairo gir1.2- ,!gtk-3.0 gir1.2-appindicator3 Install with pip: pip install deluge Windows Unfortuately due to move to GTK3 and Python 3 there is no installer package currently available for Windows. Intrepid users can install Deluge from seperate packages as detailed in issue #3201. 1 deluge Documentation, Release 2.0.3 macOS There is no .app package currently for macOS, but can try Deluge with homebrew. 1. Install Homebrew 2. Open a terminal. 3. Run the following to install required packages: brew install pygobject3 gtk+3 adwaita-icon-theme brew install libtorrent-rasterbar 4. To fix translations: brew link gettext--force 5.
    [Show full text]
  • Justin Sun Chief Executive Officer Bittorrent, Inc. 301 Howard Street #2000 San Francisco, CA 94105
    Justin Sun Chief Executive Officer BitTorrent, Inc. 301 Howard Street #2000 San Francisco, CA 94105 Charles Wayn Chief Executive Officer DLive 19450 Stevens Creek Blvd #100 Cupertino, CA 95014 February 9, 2021 Dear Mr. Sun and Mr. Wayn, We write to you expressing concern about recent user activity in DLive communities attempting to attract American citizens, and particularly adolescent users, to white supremacy and domestic extremism. We noted the company’s internal governance actions taken on January 17th, 2021, in the wake of the riots at the U.S. Capitol Building on January 6th, 20211; however, it is evident that oversight from outside of the company’s internal review body may be necessary. According to media reports, DLive CEO Charles Wayn stated last year in a set of emails that the company strategy to combat extreme right-wing content was to “tolerate” them and allow other more popular content producers to “dilute” their reach.2 If true, this is unacceptable. During the January 6th, 2021, storming of the United States Capitol, your platform live streamed a number of individuals who entered and were around the building. Several of these individuals earned thousands of dollars in DLive’s digital currency that day, and a number received large donations through the platform ahead of the event. One individual received $2,800 in a live stream on January 5th, 2021, in which he encouraged his viewers to murder elected officials.3 We understand that DLive has supposedly removed 1 Wayn, Charles. “An Open Letter to the DLive Community.” DLive Community Announcements, (January 17th, 2021).
    [Show full text]
  • Analys Av Popcorn Time Med Hjälp Av Sniffingprogrammet Wireshark
    Analys av Popcorn Time med hjalp¨ av sniffingprogrammet Wireshark Kevin A.˚ Kimaryo Fredrik Siemund Lund University Lund University [email protected] [email protected] Sammanfattning—Vi har anvant¨ sniffingprogrammet ocksa˚ sa˚ det funkar, men ar¨ det en stor fil som laddas upp Wireshark for¨ att analysera vad som hander¨ nar¨ man streamar i omraden˚ med laga˚ overf¨ oringshastigheter¨ kan det innebara¨ (svenska: strommar)¨ film med den olagliga tjansten¨ Popcorn stora belastningar pa˚ internettrafiken och andra anvandare¨ i Time. Popcorn Time ar¨ en BitTorrent-klient vilket betyder att anvandarna¨ bade˚ laddar upp och ner data vid tittandet av en omradet˚ kan uppleva storningar.¨ Dessutom kan det vara valdigt¨ film. Popcorn Time hittar andra anvandare¨ genom att ta kontakt dyrt att tillgodose den nodv¨ andiga¨ uppladdningshastigheten for¨ med en server som i BitTorrent-protokollet kallas for¨ "tracker", att kunna distribuera stora filer pa˚ ett snabbt och smidigt satt.¨ vilket ar¨ det enda centrala elementet i Popcorn Time och som Istallet¨ for¨ att ha en enda nedladdningskalla¨ sa˚ kan haller˚ reda pa˚ vart andra anvandare¨ finns. Vart˚ resultat visar man utnyttja de anvandare¨ som laddar ner filen; man later˚ att Popcorn Time i princip beter sig som en vanlig BitTorrent- klient med den enda skillnad att tjansten¨ dessutom anvander¨ ett dem inte bara ladda ner utan aven¨ ladda upp delar av filen protokoll for¨ streaming av video, kallat GVSP. till andra anvandare.¨ Detta ar¨ tanken bakom BitTorrent och innebar¨ att anvandarnas¨ (det vill saga¨ de som laddar ner en I. INLEDNING fil) uppladningskapacitet utnyttjas och pa˚ sa˚ satt¨ skickas och Att streama innehall˚ over¨ natet¨ blir allt vanligare.
    [Show full text]
  • Bittorrent Is an Auction: Analyzing and Improving Bittorrent’S Incentives
    BitTorrent is an Auction: Analyzing and Improving BitTorrent’s Incentives Dave Levin Katrina LaCurts Neil Spring Bobby Bhattacharjee University of Maryland University of Maryland University of Maryland University of Maryland [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] ABSTRACT 1. INTRODUCTION Incentives play a crucial role in BitTorrent, motivating users to up- BitTorrent [2] is a remarkably successful decentralized system load to others to achieve fast download times for all peers. Though that allows many users to download a file from an otherwise under- long believed to be robust to strategic manipulation, recent work provisioned server. To ensure quick download times and scalabil- has empirically shown that BitTorrent does not provide its users ity, BitTorrent relies upon those downloading a file to cooperatively incentive to follow the protocol. We propose an auction-based trade portions, or pieces, of the file with one another [5]. Incentives model to study and improve upon BitTorrent’s incentives. The play an inherently crucial role in such a system; users generally insight behind our model is that BitTorrent uses, not tit-for-tat as wish to download their files as quickly as possible, and since Bit- widely believed, but an auction to decide which peers to serve. Our Torrent is decentralized, there is no global “BitTorrent police” to model not only captures known, performance-improving strategies, govern their actions. Users are therefore free to attempt to strate- it shapes our thinking toward new, effective strategies. For exam- gically manipulate others into helping them download faster. The ple, our analysis demonstrates, counter-intuitively, that BitTorrent role of incentives in BitTorrent is to motivate users to contribute peers have incentive to intelligently under-report what pieces of their resources to others so as to achieve desirable global system the file they have to their neighbors.
    [Show full text]
  • 38 Bittorrent Software and Usage Justin Mckinney
    ARTICLE BITTORRENT SOFTwaRE AND USAGE Justin McKinney Mark Simon Haydn 1. Abstract: While the circulation of cultural material outside of official channels is not new, the scale and infrastructure afforded by digital networks and peer-to-peer protocols has drastically changed its dynamics. Focusing on private trackers and online, members-only communities dedicated to sharing difficult to find and “gray-area” cinema content, our paper discusses new digital re- positories and their connection to the traditional film archive. With discussion of the types of materials held, user participation, and custodial efforts to restore or improve cultural material, we will discuss the activities of a contemporary private tracker community. Additionally, the paper will interrogate the legality and copyright issues surrounding these activities and ex- plore recent, licit adoption of the infrastructure that has been developed for online circulation. Discussion will conclude with attention to cases in which pirated material has resurfaced in a rights-holding context, and an assessment of what these developments mean for custodians of film material working in a traditional film archive context. As a combination of discussion, case study, and argument, the paper will serve as a topical primer on a pressing and under- researched area of interest in this field, building on a panel presented at last year’s Association of Moving Image Archivists conference in Georgia. 2. BitTorrent Software and Usage BitTorrent is a software protocol developed in 2001 and designed to aid the practice of peer- to-peer file sharing on the Internet. The primary advantage of BitTorrent is that it allows for segmented downloading, which is the coordinated transmission of a file sourced from multiple servers to a single destination.81 This protocol allows for the rapid sharing of large amounts of data by allowing a user to download a file from multiple sources that are uploading the file at the same time.82 This allows for more efficient and faster downloading than the traditional client-server model.
    [Show full text]
  • Digital Citizens Alliance
    GOOD MONEY STILL GOING BAD: DIGITAL THIEVES AND THE HIJACKING OF THE ONLINE AD BUSINESS A FOLLOW-UP TO THE 2013 REPORT ON THE PROFITABILITY OF AD-SUPPORTED CONTENT THEFT MAY 2015 A safer internet is a better internet CONTENTS CONTENTS ......................................................................................................................................................................................................................ii TABLE OF REFERENCES ..................................................................................................................................................................................iii Figures.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................iii Tables ...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................iii ABOUT THIS REPORT ..........................................................................................................................................................................................1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 2 GOOD MONEY STILL GOING BAD ........................................................................................................................................................3
    [Show full text]
  • Miro— Open and Decentralized Internet TV
    INTERNET TV Miro— open and decentralized Internet TV Dean Jansen Participatory Culture Foundation Miro is a free, open-source platform for Internet TV. Ideal for high-definition video, it features an open content guide with over 5,000 channels that can be freely subscribed to. The application boasts nearly 500,000 users and has been downloaded more than three million times in the last year. Miro has been compared to Tivo, Firefox and iTunes; it functions as both a video library and a very intuitive system for subscribing to and watching internet video channels. Additionally, Miro can search and save videos from video-sharing sites, such as YouTube and Daily Motion. For public broadcasters, Miro (http://getmiro.com) offers a distribution platform that is perfect for moving high-quality, long-form video to a large, non-technical audience. The user-friendly integra- tion of BitTorrent in Miro lets publishers leverage the scalability and low cost of P2P distribution without confusing non-technical users. Public broadcasters can create custom versions of Miro that feature their own content and their own brand. Furthermore, Miro is open source and cross-plat- form, leaving broadcasters and their audience independent of any proprietary software (Adobe Flash, Apple iTunes) or operating system (Miro can run on Mac, Windows and Linux). Miro’s user base and content guide are both expanding rapidly. The application itself is on a tight development curve, releasing major updates and improvements five to seven times per year. Miro is being developed by the Participatory Culture Foundation (PCF), a US.based 501c3 non-profit organ- ization.
    [Show full text]
  • Digital Piracy on P2P Networks How to Protect Your Copyrighted Content
    Digital Piracy on P2P Networks How to Protect your Copyrighted Content Olesia Klevchuk and Sam Bahun MarkMonitor © 2014 MarkMonitor Inc. All rights reserved. Agenda . P2P landscape: history and recent developments . Detection and verification of unauthorized content on P2P sites . Enforcement strategies . Alternatives to enforcements 2 | Confidential P2P Landscape History and Recent Developments 3 | Confidential History of Digital Piracy Streaming Download to Streaming 1B+ Users . Music piracy enters mainstream with Napster . P2P brought software and video piracy . Shift to consumption of streaming content – TV and sports most impacted P2P Live 300 MM Streaming Users 50 MM Users Napster UseNet 25 MM Users 16 MM Users < 5 MM Today 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 4 | Confidential First Generation of P2P From Napster to eDonkey2000 . Napster brought P2P to masses . Centralized server model made it possible to shutdown the network 5 | Confidential Second Generation of P2P Kazaa, Gnutella and Torrent Sites . Ability to operate without central server, connecting users remotely to each other . Difficult to shutdown . Attracted millions of users worldwide . Requires some technical ability, plagued with pop-up ads and malware 6 | Confidenti al New P2P piracy . No to little technical ability is required . Attractive, user-friendly interface . BitTorrent powered making enforcements challenging Popcorn Time BitTorrent powered streaming app . Allows you to watch thousands of movies instantaneously . In the U.S., software was downloaded onto millions of devices . Interface resembles that of popular legitimate streaming platforms 8 | Confidential P2P Adoption and Usage BitTorrent is among the most popular platforms online Twitter 307 million users Facebook 1.44 billion users Netflix 69 million subscribers BitTorrent 300 million users 9 | Confidential P2P Piracy Steady trend of a number of P2P infringements .
    [Show full text]