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UC Santa Barbara UC Santa Barbara Electronic Theses and Dissertations UC Santa Barbara UC Santa Barbara Electronic Theses and Dissertations Title Contentious Politics on Twitter: A Multi-Method Digital Inquiry of 21st Century Social Movements Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0qv5b813 Author Espinoza-Kulick, Alex Thomas Gray Publication Date 2020 Peer reviewed|Thesis/dissertation eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Santa Barbara Contentious Politics on Twitter: A Multi-Method Digital Inquiry of 21st Century Social Movements A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in Sociology by Alex Thomas Gray Espinoza-Kulick Committee in charge: Professor Verta Taylor, Chair Assistant Professor Zakiya Luna Professor Nella Van Dyke, University of California, Merced Professor John Mohr, in memoriam June 2020 The dissertation of Alex Thomas Gray Espinoza-Kulick is approved. ____________________________________________ Nella Van Dyke ____________________________________________ Zakiya Luna ____________________________________________ Verta Taylor, Committee Chair May 2020 DEDICATION To my family and ancestors, for lifting up education and To my husband, for mobilizing knowledge in action iii Contentious Politics on Twitter: A Multi-Method Digital Inquiry of 21st Century Social Movements Copyright © 2020 by Alex Thomas Gray Espinoza-Kulick iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS It is with immense gratitude and humility that I submit this report of my doctoral research project. My faculty committee helped to guide me through this process and shaped my larger journey. Verta Taylor provided a depth of wisdom in the literature on social movements, its meaning to a world of activists and community members, and she is an unyielding source of inspirational energy. Zakiya Luna invited me to participate in many opportunities as a student, research assistant and collaborator, which informed the conceptualization of research questions on collective identities and tangible analytic skills for parsing social media data. Lastly, Nella Van Dyke from University of California, Merced has stepped up to provide substantive expertise on conservative movements as well as technical guidance on executing and reporting on research findings. I would never have completed this dissertation without Mario Espinoza-Kulick, my husband, best friend, colleague, co-worker, and support (to name a few). Through the setbacks at each stage, I have relied on Mario to continue moving forward. Whether it was an ear to bend about confusing research models, (yet another) dinner of pepperoni pizza, or a shoulder to cry on after data collection software crashed, I was never alone in it. I am deeply grateful to my entire family and all my friends for their support and encouragement. This project was made possible by financial support from various sources. For the first five years of my graduate study, including my MA coursework and thesis, I received fellowship funding from two sources: a Network Science Integrative Graduate Education and Research Traineeship (IGERT) at the University of California, Santa Barbara (National Science Foundation Grant Number DGE-1258507): and, a Chancellor’s Fellowship from the University of California, Santa Barbara. To supplement these funds during summers and into my sixth year of graduate study, I worked as a Teaching Assistant and Teaching v Associate for the Sociology Department at University of California, Santa Barbara, as well as Lecturer of Women’s and Gender Studies at California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo. During my sixth year, I also joined the faculty at Cuesta College as an Instructor of Sociology and Human Development / Human Services. Additional periodic financial support was provided by a Dean’s Grant for Summer Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research Training and Graduate Student Association Travel Grants. Earlier versions of portions of this project have been presented at professional conferences and with my colleagues and students. In May 2017, I presented a preliminary conceptual framework for understanding emotions in movements at the Mobilization Conference on Social Movements and Protest. I also articulated portions of this framework in iterations of “Introduction to Sociology.”. Similarly, the methodological framework was grounded by my interactions with students in research methods courses who have hands-on investments in solving sociological problems. Two undergraduate students assisted with a pilot study on the Alt-Right for a summer Network Science IGERT research internship. As well, I received feedback on the presented analysis at the Pacific Sociological Association conference in March 2019. My understanding of the Women’s Marches was shaped deeply by the Mobilizing Millions project, including participating in fieldwork in Philadelphia and discussing with other researchers on the team. During my dissertation work, I had the privilege of working with John Mohr, as well as the misfortune of mourning his passing. As an advisor, he was always supportive of my capacity to take on challenges and quick to identify a new direction to explore. I consider myself lucky to have been one of his students, with an overlapping vision for sociological research methods. vi Alex Espinoza-Kulick, MA, PhD Candidate Curriculum Vitae Department of Sociology, University of California Santa Barbara 552 University Road, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106-9430 [email protected] Education Expected 2020 PhD, Sociology, University of California Santa Barbara 2016 MA, Sociology, University of California Santa Barbara 2013 BA with Distinction, Women’s Studies, University of Michigan Minors: Mathematics, Community Action & Social Change Areas of Specialization v Multi-Methods Research v Social Network Analysis v Survey Research v Community-Based & v Grounded Theory v Software: R, Stata, Participatory Action Research Coding and Cultural SPSS, Atlas.ti, Analysis nVivo v Social Movements v Gender & Sexuality v Intersectionality v Research Methods v Inequality and Health v Politics and Law v Technology and Digital v Distance Education v Education in Prison Communication (AP4105 Certified) College Teaching Experience Instructor of Human Development / Human Services, Cuesta College, San Luis Obispo 2020 “Human Sexuality: Experience and Expression” 2019 “Introduction to Queer Studies” using Canvas for Distance Education 2019 “Life Management” at California Men’s Colony Instructor of Sociology, Cuesta College, San Luis Obispo 2020 “Introduction to Sociology” at California Men’s Colony 2020 “Introduction to Sociology” 2020 “Introduction to Criminology” 2019 “Social Problems” at North County Campus, Paso Robles vii Instructor of Record, Department of Sociology, University of California, Santa Barbara 2019 “Women in American Society” 2019 “Methods of Sociological Research” Lecturer of Women’s and Gender Studies, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo 2018 “Introduction to Women’s and Gender Studies in the United States” Teaching Assistant, Sociology, University of California, Santa Barbara 2020 “Methods of Sociology Research”, Instructor of Record: C. Taylor 2019 “Organizations”, Instructor of Record: Sutton 2019 “Methods of Sociological Research”, Instructor of Record: Charles 2018 “Women and Work”, Instructor of Record: Tabag 2017 “Introduction to Sociology”, Instructor of Record: McCumber Guest Lectures: Social Movements; Intersectionality 2016 “Special Topics in Social Theory: Race and Culture”, Instructor of Record: Carney Guest Lectures: #Lemonade and Cultural Theory; Research Papers and Analytic Writing Course Facilitator, University of Michigan 2011 “Intergroup Dialogue: Socio-Economic Status”, Program on Intergroup Relations 2010 “Gender and Women’s Lives in U.S. Society”, Women’s Studies Funding and Awards University of California Santa Barbara 2014 - 2019 Chancellor’s Fellowship: $139,352 over three years (2014-15, 2016-17, 2018-19) Network Science IGERT (Interdisciplinary Graduate Education and Research Traineeship), National Science Foundation: $91,500 over two years (2015- 16, 2017-18) 2018 Flacks Fund for the Study of Democratic Possibilities: $750 2015 - 2018 Conference Travel Grants, Graduate Student Association: $800 over four awards (2015, 2016, 2016, 2018) 2015 Dean’s Grant for Summer ICPSR (Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research) Training, Broom Center: $2,000 for two week-long courses viii University of Michigan 2013 Central Campus MLK Spirit Award 2013 Cornerstone Award, Spectrum Center 2013 Commitment to Service Award (Michigan Campus Compact) 2012 Rosalie Ginsberg Scholarship for Community Service and Social Action, Ginsberg Center 2012 Heart and Soul Award (Michigan Campus Compact) Publications Peer-Reviewed Journal Articles Espinoza-Kulick, Alex. 2020. “A Multi-Method Approach to Framing Disputes and Opposing Movements: Same-Sex Marriage on Trial in Obergefell v. Hodges.” Mobilization 25(1):45–70. https://doi.org/10.17813/1086-671X-25-1-45 Espinoza-Kulick, Alex, and Mario Alberto V. Espinoza-Kulick. Forthcoming. “Drug Policy Alliance” in Marijuana in America: Cultural, Political, and Medical Controversies, edited by James Hawdon, Bryan Miller, and Matthew Costello. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC- CLIO, LLC. Espinoza-Kulick, Mario Alberto V., and Alex Espinoza-Kulick. Forthcoming. “Marijuana and the Hippies” in Marijuana in America: Cultural, Political, and Medical Controversies, edited by James Hawdon, Bryan Miller,
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