THIRTY-FOURTH CONGRESS MARCH 4, 1855, TO MARCH 3, 1857

FIRST SESSION—December 3, 1855, to August 18, 1856 SECOND SESSION—August 21, 1856, to August 30, 1856 THIRD SESSION—December 1, 1856, to March 3, 1857

VICE PRESIDENT OF THE 1 PRESIDENT PRO TEMPORE OF THE SENATE—JESSE D. BRIGHT, 2 of ; CHARLES E. STUART, 3 of Michigan; JAMES M. MASON, 4 of Virginia SECRETARY OF THE SENATE—ASBURY DICKINS, of North Carolina SERGEANT AT ARMS OF THE SENATE—DUNNING MCNAIR, of

SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES—NATHANIEL P. BANKS, 5 of CLERK OF THE HOUSE—JOHN W. FORNEY, of Pennsylvania; WILLIAM CULLOM, 6 of Tennessee SERGEANT AT ARMS OF THE HOUSE—ADAM J. GLOSSBRENNER, of Pennsylvania DOORKEEPER OF THE HOUSE—NATHAN DARLING, of New York

ALABAMA William M. Gwin, 8 San Francisco FLORIDA SENATORS REPRESENTATIVES AT LARGE SENATORS Clement C. Clay, Jr., Huntsville James W. Denver, Weaverville Stephen R. Mallory, Key West Benjamin Fitzpatrick, 7 Wetumpka Philemon T. Herbert, Mariposa City David Levy Yulee, Homasassa REPRESENTATIVES REPRESENTATIVE AT LARGE Percy Walker, Mobile CONNECTICUT Augustus E. Maxwell, Tallahassee Eli S. Shorter, Eufaula SENATORS James F. Dowdell, Chambers Isaac Toucey, Hartford GEORGIA William R. Smith, Fayette Lafayette S. Foster, Norwich SENATORS George S. Houston, Athens REPRESENTATIVES Robert Toombs, Washington Williamson R. W. Cobb, Bellefonte Alfred Iverson, Columbus Sampson W. Harris, Wetumpka Ezra Clark, Jr., Hartford John Woodruff, New Haven REPRESENTATIVES ARKANSAS Sidney Dean, Putnam James L. Seward, Thomasville William W. Welch, Norfolk Martin J. Crawford, Columbus SENATORS Robert P. Trippe, Forsyth William K. Sebastian, Helena DELAWARE Hiram Warner, Greenville Robert W. Johnson, Pine Bluff John H. Lumpkin, Rome REPRESENTATIVES SENATORS Howell Cobb, Athens Alfred B. Greenwood, Bentonville James A. Bayard, Wilmington Nathaniel G. Foster, Madison Albert Rust, El Dorado John M. Clayton, 9 Chippewa Alexander H. Stephens, Crawfordville Joseph P. Comegys, 10 Dover CALIFORNIA Martin W. Bates, 11 Dover SENATORS REPRESENTATIVE AT LARGE SENATORS John B. Weller, San Francisco Elisha D. Cullen, Georgetown Stephen A. Douglas,

1 Vice President William R. King died in preceding Con- 5 Elected February 2, 1856, upon the one hundred and 8 Elected for the term beginning March 4, 1855, and gress; Vice Presidency remained vacant until March 4, thirty-third voice vote and the fourth vote under a plu- took his seat February 16, 1857; vacancy in this class 1857. rality resolution adopted that day. from March 4, 1855, to January 12, 1857. 2 Continued from preceding Congress; again elected June 6 Elected February 4, 1856. 9 Died November 9, 1856. 11, 1856. 7 Elected for term beginning March 4, 1855, and took 10 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by death of John 3 Served June 5, 1856; elected June 9, 1856; resigned his seat December 3, 1855; vacancy in this class from M. Clayton, and took his seat December 4, 1856. 11 June 11, 1856. March 4, 1855, to December 2, 1855. Elected January 14, 1857, to fill vacancy caused by 4 Served January 5, 1856; elected January 6, 1857. death of John M. Clayton, but did not take his seat until March 4, 1857.

[ 150 ] THIRTY-FOURTH CONGRESS 151

Lyman Trumbull, Alton John Slidell, New Orleans Henry Waldron, Hillsdale REPRESENTATIVES REPRESENTATIVES David S. Walbridge, Kalamazoo Elihu B. Washburne, Galena George Eustis, Jr., 20 New Orleans George W. Peck, Lansing James H. Woodworth, Chicago Miles Taylor, Donaldsonville Jesse O. Norton, Joliet Thomas G. Davidson, East Feliciana MISSISSIPPI James Knox, Knoxville John M. Sandidge, Pineville SENATORS William A. Richardson, 12 Quincy Stephen Adams, Aberdeen Jacob C. Davis, 13 Warsaw Albert G. Brown, Newton Thomas L. Harris, Petersburg SENATORS REPRESENTATIVES James C. Allen, 14 Palestine Hannibal Hamlin, 21 Hampden Daniel B. Wright, Salem James L. D. Morrison, 15 Belleville Amos Nourse, 22 Bath Hendley S. Bennett, Grenada Samuel S. Marshall, 16 McLeansboro William Pitt Fessenden, Portland William Barksdale, Columbus INDIANA REPRESENTATIVES William A. Lake, Vicksburg SENATORS John M. Wood, Portland John A. Quitman, Natchez Jesse D. Bright, Madison John J. Perry, Oxford MISSOURI Graham N. Fitch, 17 Logansport Ebenezer Knowlton, South Montville SENATORS REPRESENTATIVES Samuel P. Benson, Winthrop Henry S. Geyer, St. Louis , Patoka Israel Washburn, Jr., Orono 23 James S. Green, 24 Canton William H. English, Lexington Thomas J. D. Fuller, Calais George G. Dunn, Bedford REPRESENTATIVES , Greensburg MARYLAND Luther M. Kennett, St. Louis David P. Holloway, Richmond SENATORS Gilchrist Porter, Hannibal , James A. Pearce, Chestertown James J. Lindley, Monticello Harvey D. Scott, Terre Haute Thomas G. Pratt, Annapolis Mordecai Oliver, Richmond , La Fayette REPRESENTATIVES John G. Miller, 25 Boonville , South Bend James A. Stewart, Cambridge Thomas P. Akers, 26 Lexington , Fort Wayne James B. Ricaud, Chestertown John S. Phelps, Springfield John U. Pettit, Wabash J. Morrison Harris, Baltimore Samuel Caruthers, Cape Girardeau H. Winter Davis, Baltimore Henry W. Hoffman, Cumberland NEW HAMPSHIRE SENATORS Thomas F. Bowie, Upper Marlboro SENATORS George W. Jones, Dubuque John P. Hale, 27 Dover James Harlan, 18 Mount Pleasant MASSACHUSETTS James Bell, 28 Laconia REPRESENTATIVES SENATORS REPRESENTATIVES , 19 Keosauqua , James Pike, South Newmarket James Thorington, Davenport , Natick Mason W. Tappan, Bradford KENTUCKY REPRESENTATIVES Aaron H. Cragin, Lebanon SENATORS Robert B. Hall, Plymouth James Buffinton, Fall River NEW JERSEY John B. Thompson, Harrodsburg SENATORS John J. Crittenden, Frankfort William S. Damrell, Dedham Linus B. Comins, Roxbury John R. Thompson, Princeton REPRESENTATIVES , Cambridge William Wright, Newark Henry C. Burnett, Cadiz Timothy Davis, Gloucester REPRESENTATIVES John P. Campbell, Belleview Nathaniel P. Banks, Jr., Waltham Isaiah D. Clawson, Woodstown Warner L. Underwood, Bowling Green Chauncey L. Knapp, Lowell George R. Robbins, Hamilton Square Albert G. Talbott, Danville , Oxford James Bishop, New Brunswick Joshua H. Jewett, Elizabethtown Calvin C. Chaffee, Springfield George Vail, Morristown John M. Elliott, Prestonburg , Westfield Humphrey Marshall, Springport Alexander C. M. Pennington, Newark Alexander K. Marshall, Nicholasville MICHIGAN Leander M. Cox, Flemingsburg NEW YORK Samuel F. Swope, Falmouth SENATORS SENATORS Lewis Cass, Detroit William H. Seward, Auburn LOUISIANA Charles E. Stuart, Kalamazoo Hamilton Fish, New York SENATORS REPRESENTATIVES REPRESENTATIVES Judah P. Benjamin, New Orleans William A. Howard, Detroit William W. Valk, Flushing

12 Resigned August 25, 1856. 17 Elected for the term beginning March 4, 1855, and 24 Elected for the term beginning March 4, 1855, and 13 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Wil- took his seat February 9, 1857; vacancy in this class from took his seat January 21, 1857; vacancy in this class from liam A. Richardson, and took his seat December 4, 1856. March 4, 1855, to February 3, 1857. March 4, 1855, to January 11, 1857. 14 Election contested by William B. Archer, and seat de- 18 Seat declared vacant by resolution, January 12, 1857; 25 Died May 11, 1856; never qualified owing to illness. clared vacant July 18, 1856; subsequently elected, and subsequently elected, and took his seat January 29, 1857. 26 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of John G. took his seat December 1, 1856. 19 Election unsuccessfully contested by R. L. B. Clarke. Miller, and took his seat August 18, 1856. 15 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Rep- 20 Election unsuccessfully contested by Albert Fabre. 27 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Charles resentative-elect Lyman Trumbull, who was elected Sen- 21 ator before the beginning of the Congress, and took his Resigned January 7, 1857, having been elected gov- G. Atherton in preceding Congress, and took his seat De- seat December 1, 1856. Philip B. Fouke claimed the seat, ernor. cember 4, 1855; vacancy in this class from July 16, 1854, contesting the election of Lyman Trumbull, but the House, 22 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Han- to July 29, 1855. on April 10, 1856, decided he was not entitled to it, and nibal Hamlin, and took his seat January 24, 1857. 28 Elected for the term beginning March 4, 1855, and that the seat was vacant. 23 Election unsuccessfully contested by James A. took his seat December 3, 1855; vacancy in this class 16 Election unsuccessfully contested by L. Jay S. Turney. Milliken. from March 4, 1855, to July 29, 1855. 152 Biographical Directory

NEW YORK—Continued Aaron Harlan, Yellow Springs William Aiken, Charleston Benjamin Stanton, Bellefontaine Laurence M. Keitt, 33 Orangeburg REPRESENTATIVES—Continued Cooper K. Watson, Tiffin Preston S. Brooks, 34 Ninety Six James S. T. Stranahan, Brooklyn Oscar F. Moore, Portsmouth James L. Orr, Anderson Guy R. Pelton, Valentine B. Horton, Pomeroy William W. Boyce, Winnsboro John Kelly, New York City Samuel Galloway, Columbus Thomas R. Whitney, New York City John Sherman, Mansfield TENNESSEE John Wheeler, New York City Philemon Bliss, Elyria SENATORS 29 Thomas Child, Jr., New York City William R. Sapp, Mount Vernon John Bell, Nashville Abram Wakeman, New York City Edward Ball, Zanesville James C. Jones, Memphis Bayard Clarke, New York City Charles J. Albright, Cambridge Ambrose S. Murray, Goshen Benjamin F. Leiter, Canton REPRESENTATIVES Rufus H. King, Catskill Edward Wade, Cleveland Albert G. Watkins, Panther Springs Killian Miller, Hudson Joshua R. Giddings, Jefferson William H. Sneed, Knoxville Russell Sage, Troy John A. Bingham, Cadiz Samuel A. Smith, Charleston Samuel Dickson, New Scotland John H. Savage, Smithville Edward Dodd, Argyle PENNSYLVANIA Charles Ready, Murfreesboro George A. Simmons, Keeseville SENATORS George W. Jones, Fayetteville Francis E. Spinner, Mohawk Richard Brodhead, Easton John V. Wright, Purdy Thomas R. Horton, Fultonville William Bigler, 32 Felix K. Zollicoffer, Nashville Jonas A. Hughston, Delhi REPRESENTATIVES Emerson Etheridge, Dresden 30 Thomas Rivers, Somerville Orsamus B. Matteson, Utica Thomas B. Florence, Philadelphia Henry Bennett, New Berlin Job R. Tyson, Philadelphia TEXAS Andrew Z. McCarty, Pulaski William Millward, Philadelphia William A. Gilbert, 31 Adams Jacob Broom, Philadelphia SENATORS Amos P. Granger, Syracuse John Cadwalader, Philadelphia Sam Houston, Huntsville Edwin B. Morgan, Aurora John Hickman, West Chester Thomas J. Rusk, Nacogdoches Andrew Oliver, Penn Yan Samuel C. Bradshaw, Quakertown REPRESENTATIVES John M. Parker, Owego J. Glancy Jones, Reading Lemuel D. Evans, Marshall William H. Kelsey, Geneseo Anthony E. Roberts, Lancaster P. H. Bell, Austin John Williams, Rochester John C. Kunkel, Harrisburg Benjamin Pringle, Batavia James H. Campbell, Pottsville VERMONT Thomas T. Flagler, Lockport Henry M. Fuller, Wilkes-Barre SENATORS Solomon G. Haven, Buffalo Asa Packer, Mauch Chunk Solomon Foot, Rutland Francis S. Edwards, 31 Fredonia Galusha A. Grow, Glenwood Jacob Collamer, Woodstock John J. Pearce, Williamsport NORTH CAROLINA Lemuel Todd, Carlisle REPRESENTATIVES SENATORS David F. Robison, Chambersburg James Meacham, 35 Middlebury David S. Reid, Pleasantville John R. Edie, Somerset George T. Hodges, 36 Rutland Asa Biggs, Williamston John Covode, Lockport Justin S. Morrill, Strafford REPRESENTATIVES Jonathan Knight, East Bethlehem Alvah Sabin, Georgia Robert T. Paine, Edenton David Ritchie, Pittsburgh Thomas Ruffin, Goldsboro Samuel A. Purviance, Butler VIRGINIA Warren Winslow, Fayetteville John Allison, New Brighton SENATORS Lawrence O’B. Branch, Raleigh David Barclay, Punxsutawney James M. Mason, Winchester Edwin G. Reade, Roxboro John Dick, Meadville Robert M. T. Hunter, Lloyds Richard C. Puryear, Huntsville RHODE ISLAND REPRESENTATIVES Burton Craige, Salisbury 37 SENATORS Thomas H. Bayly, Accomac Thomas L. Clingman, Asheville 38 Charles T. James, Providence Muscoe R. H. Garnett, Lloyds Philip Allen, Providence John S. Millson, Norfolk OHIO John S. Caskie, Richmond REPRESENTATIVES SENATORS William O. Goode, Boydton Benjamin F. Wade, Jefferson Nathaniel B. Durfee, Tiverton Thomas S. Bocock, Appomattox George E. Pugh, Cincinnati Benjamin B. Thurston, Hopkinton Paulus Powell, Amherst REPRESENTATIVES William Smith, Warrenton Timothy C. Day, Cincinnati SOUTH CAROLINA Charles J. Faulkner, Martinsburg John Scott Harrison, Cleves SENATORS John Letcher, Lexington Lewis D. Campbell, Hamilton Andrew P. Butler, Edgefield Zedekiah Kidwell, Fairmount Matthias H. Nichols, Lima Josiah J. Evans, Society Hill John S. Carlile, Clarksburg Richard Mott, Toledo REPRESENTATIVES Henry A. Edmundson, Salem J. Reece Emrie, Hillsboro John McQueen, Marlboro Fayette McMullen, Rye Cove

29 Never took his seat owing to prolonged illness. 33 Resigned July 16, 1856; subsequently reelected, and 36 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of James 30 Resigned February 27, 1857. took his seat August 6, 1856. Meacham, and took his seat December 1, 1856. 31 Resigned February 28, 1857. 34 Resigned July 14, 1856; subsequently reelected and 37 Died June 23, 1856. 32 Elected for term beginning March 4, 1855, and took took his seat August 1, 1856; died January 27, 1857. 38 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Thomas his seat January 28, 1856; vacancy in this class from 35 Died August 23, 1856. H. Bayly, and took his seat December 1, 1856. March 4, 1855, to January 13, 1856. THIRTY-FOURTH CONGRESS 153

WISCONSIN TERRITORY OF MINNESOTA TERRITORY OF OREGON SENATORS DELEGATE DELEGATE Henry Dodge, Dodgeville Henry M. Rice, St. Paul Joseph Lane, Winchester Charles Durkee, Kenosha TERRITORY OF NEBRASKA REPRESENTATIVES TERRITORY OF UTAH DELEGATE Daniel Wells, Jr., Milwaukee DELEGATE Bird B. Chapman, 40 Omaha City C. C. Washburn, Mineral Point John M. Bernhisel, Salt Lake City Charles Billingshurst, Juneau TERRITORY OF NEW MEXICO TERRITORY OF TERRITORY OF KANSAS DELEGATE WASHINGTON DELEGATE Jose´ Manuel Gallegos, 41 Albuquerque DELEGATE John W. Whitfield, 39 Tecumseh Miguel A. Otero, 42 Albuquerque J. Patton Anderson, Olympia

39 Presented credentials as a Delegate-elect to the Thir- served from December 9, 1856, until March 3, 1857; this 41 Served until July 23, 1856; succeeded by Miguel A. ty-fourth Congress and served from March 4, 1855, until election was unsuccessfully contested by Andrew H. Reed- Otero, who contested his election. August 1, 1856, when the House declared the seat vacant er. 42 Successfully contested the election of Jose´ Manuel after Andrew H. Reeder contested the election; reelected 40 Election unsuccessfully contested by Hiram P. Ben- Gallegos, and took his seat July 23, 1856. to the Thirty-fourth Congress to fill the vacancy caused nett. by action of the House in declaring the seat vacant, and