Living in a World Without Color(Bars)
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The Art and Science of Color Management Living in a World Without Color(bars) John Seymour Principal Research Engineer QuadTech The Art and Science of Color Management Living in a World Without Color(bars) John Seymour Applied Mathematician QuadTech The Art and Science of Color Management I don't want to live in a world without love or grief or beauty or color bars, I'd rather die. Dana Winter, Invasion of the Body Snatchers The Art and Science of Color Management Why no colorbars? 1. Colorbars aren’t welcome The Art and Science of Color Management Why no colorbars? Color patches can hide in a flap The Art and Science of Color Management Why no colorbars? What if there is no flap? The Art and Science of Color Management Why no colorbars? No color patches Hershey’s has a 2.0 DECMC tolerance The Art and Science of Color Management Why no colorbars? No color patches The Art and Science of Color Management Why no colorbars? Color patches The Art and Science of Color Management Why no colorbars? Magazines are trimmed Colorbars can hide in the trim The Art and Science of Color Management Why no colorbars? Newspapers are not trimmed Colorbars can run, but they can’t hide The Art and Science of Color Management Why no colorbars? Where is the eye drawn? The Art and Science of Color Management Market research 2009 – QuadTech sales force collected newspapers 142 newspapers, twelve countries The Art and Science of Color Management Market research Belgium Metro Hyderabad Times of India Montreal La Presse Mumbai Economic Times Chennai Vaartha Montreal Le Journal Delhi Economic Times Korea Chosun Ilbo Montreal Les Affaires Pune Economic Times Korea Donga report China Guangzhou Daily Kolkata Economic Times Korea Korean Economic Santo Domingo Listin Diario Lucknow Economic Times Korea Mailgungie Manchester Daily Express Hyderabad Economic Times Korea Segai Ilbo London Daily Express Chennai Eenadu Korea Ecoprint Delhi Hindustan Times Manchester Daily Mail Korea World Journal Mumbai Hindustan Times Manchester Daily Telegraph Wisc. Rapids Daily Tribune Noida Hindustan Times London Daily Telegraph USA Dow Jones Chennai Indian Express London Evening Standard Noida Indian Express London Guardian Jacksonville Florida Times Union Pune Indian Express London Observer Miami Miami Herald Navi Mumbai Indian Express Manchester Times New York NY Daily Times Nagpur Lokmat London Times Pune Lokmat Finland Lansi-Savo Sarasota Sarasota Herald Trib Kolhapur Lokmat Mumbai Lokmat France La Depeche du Midi 4 German nationals Mumbai Loksatta Nimes Le Fiagro (Nimes) Clave Paris Le Fiagro (Paris) Germany De Morgen Cochin Malayala Manorama France Le Progress De Standard Germany Darmstädter Echo De Tijd Trivandrum Malayala Manorama Jalandhar Ajit Samachar Diario Libre Kozhikode Mathrubhumi Financial Times Kochi Mathrubhumi Kolkatta Anand Bazar Patrika guardian Pallakkad Mathrubhumi India Business Line Herald Tribune Calicut Mathrubhumi Agra Dainik Jagran Het Laaste Nieuws Navi Mumbai Midday Noida Dainik Jagran Hoy Mumbai Midday Ludhiana Dainik Jagran Independent Mumbai Mumbai Mirror Varanasi Dainik Jagran France La Province Mumbai Navbharat Times France Le Figaro Jalandhar Dainik Jagran Delhi Punjab Kesari France Le Monde Delhi Dainik Jagran Jalandhar Punjab Kesari France Le Soir Ludhiana Dainik Jagran Ludhiana Punjab Kesari England Telegraph Meerut Dainik Jagran Mumbai Ratnagiri Times USA The Times Hyderabad Deccan Chronicle Pune Sakaal LA Times Chennai Deccan Chronicle Ahmedabad Sandesh Chicage Tribune Bangalore Deccan Herald Mumbai Sandhyanand Cleveland Plain Dealer Mangalore Deccan Herald Kolkatta Telegraph New York Times Dharwad Deccan Herald Coimbatore The Hindu Pittsburgh Catholic Pondicherry Dinakaran Madurai The Hindu Salem Dinakaran Cochin The Hindu Pittsburgh Courier Coimbatore Dinakaran Trichi The Hindu Pittsburgh Post Gazette Madurai Dinakaran Vijayawada The Hindu Pittsburgh Tribune Review Trichy Dinakaran Delhi The Hindu San Francisco Chronicle Vellore Dinakaran Chandigarh The Tribune Washington Post Tirunelveli Dinakaran Jalandhar The Tribune Chennai Dinakaran New Delhi The Tribune USA Chronicle of Higher Ed Madurai Dinamalar Mumbai Times of India USA Jewish chronicle Chennai Dinamalar Delhi Times of India New York Village Voice Coimbatore Dinamalar Pune Times of India Washington Sports Weekly Ahmedabad Divya Bhaskar Kolkata Times of India Washington USA Today Mumbai DNA Lucknow Times of India USA Barron's Weekly India DNA Money Bangalore Times of India USA Wall St. Journal New York Times The Art and Science of Color Management Market research How many had color patches? CMY Just Just None Gray Solids Halftones Full 57 61 42 1 9 40% 43% 30% 1% 6% Q: Why do they add up to more than 100%? A: Overlap – e.g. use of gray and solids The Art and Science of Color Management Market research What color patches did they have? CMY Just Just None Gray Solids Halftones Full 57 61 42 1 9 40% 43% 30% 1% 6% Ok with using full color bar 94% are not ok The Art and Science of Color Management Market research What color patches did they have? CMY Just Just None Gray Solids Halftones Full 57 61 42 1 9 40% 43% 30% 1% 6% Not interested in quality?? 60% are interested in quality … but only 6% use the full colorbar The Art and Science of Color Management Color bars? We ain't got no color bars! We don't need no color bars! I don't have to show you any stinking color bars! Treasure of the Sierra Madre The Art and Science of Color Management Image-based color control Currently at least five vendors QuadTech AccuCam Mitsubishi Diamond Eye EAE Loop QI IDS Grafikontrol Colorscan TKS - rumored Several million dollars development X 6 companies = >$10M The Art and Science of Color Management Image-based color control Currently at least ten newspaper printers Newsprinters (Knowsley and Broxbourne) 5+10 Sankei 16+? Yomiuri 110 Nikkei ?? Chunichi ?? Nikkan Sports Printing ?? Polaris (Alesund) ?? Freie (Chemnitz) 3? Transcontinental (San Francisco and 3 Montreal) Corelio (Brussels) ?? Roughly 150 systems… maybe $15M? The Art and Science of Color Management Image-based color control $25 M spent to get color quality without color bars Why? Isn’t the newspaper market shrinking? Newspaper printers that survive must reduce labor costs print semi-commercial work The Art and Science of Color Management Why measure in the work? 1. Colorbars aren’t welcome 2. Circumferential variation The Art and Science of Color Management Why measure in the work? Are they all the same color? Copied from presentation by Franz Sigg at TAGA 2007 The Art and Science of Color Management Why measure in the work? Also stolen from presentation by Franz Sigg at TAGA 2007 The Art and Science of Color Management Why measure in the work? DE of circ variation Cyan – 2.2 DE Magenta – 2.3 DE Yellow – 5.0 DE Black – 2.0 DE ISO Tolerances 50% to 100% of tolerance window! Density equivalents Stolen from my own presentation at TAGA 2007 The Art and Science of Color Management Colorbars don’t predict the work Papers with similar results Siljander, Roger, and Richard S. Fisch, “Accuracy and Precision in Color Characterization,” 2001 TAGA Proceedings Sigg, Franz, “Noisy Dot Gain”, 2007 TAGA Proceedings Breede, Manfred, “The Effect of Ink Film Thickness Variation on Color Control in the Circumferential Printing Cylinder Direction of Offset Presses”, 2007 TAGA Proceedings Motaal and Sikander, “Repeatability of Ink Transfer and Color Management Lithography”, 2009 TAGA Proceedings The Art and Science of Color Management Why measure in the work? 1. Colorbars aren’t welcome 2. Circumferential variation 3. Standard patches don’t predict much of CMYK The Art and Science of Color Management Some fun data • 102 Newspaper printers applying for SNAP certification • IT8 target from each (928 patches) “An Analysis of the Current Status of Process Control for Color Reproduction in Newspapers”, Seymour, Stanton, 2011 TAGA The Art and Science of Color Management Correlation of measurements Some printers leaned heavy on cyan solid C90 heavy Not heavier on K40 Also a bit heavy on C80 M10 Heavier on C60, M60, Y50, K20? The Art and Science of Color Management Correlation of measurements 8 6 4 2 0 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 M100 M90 -2 -4 -6 -8 -10 Comparison of variation between M100 and M90 The Art and Science of Color Management Correlation of measurements 8 r2 = 0.8221 6 R² = 0.8221 4 2 0 -10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 -2 -4 -6 -8 Comparison of variation between M100 and M90 The Art and Science of Color Management Correlation of measurements r2 = 0.8221 r is the correlation coefficient 82% of the variation is “explained” 82% of the variation is shared The M100 patch is a good proxy for the M90 Comparison of variation between M100 and M90 The Art and Science of Color Management Correlation of measurements If I want to track 90% magenta, I can watch the magenta solid The M100 patch is a good proxy for the M90 The Art and Science of Color Management Using patches as a proxy Good proxy – sharing at least 50% of the variation Fair proxy – sharing at least 25% of the variation The Art and Science of Color Management Using patches as a proxy Solid M - good proxy for 10 of 928 patches Solid Good proxy Fair proxy Cyan 6 26 Magenta 10 61 Yellow 9 35 Black 3 9 C+M+Y+K 28 131 Four solids predict 3% of CMYK values The Art and Science of Color Management Using patches as a proxy Mama always said life was like a box of solid patches. You never know what you're gonna get. Forrest Gump The Art and Science of Color Management Using patches as a proxy Patch set Num Good proxy Fair proxy patches Four Solids 4 28 (3%) 131 (14%) 4 Solids + 40% 8 186 (20%) 587 (63%) ISO 12647-2 requirements only speak for 20% of the colors The Art and Science of Color Management Why measure in the work? 1.