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The Lithostratigraphy and Biostratigraphy of the Chalk Group (Upper Coniacian 1 to Upper Campanian) at Scratchell’S Bay and Alum Bay, Isle of Wight, UK
Manuscript Click here to view linked References The lithostratigraphy and biostratigraphy of the Chalk Group (Upper Coniacian 1 to Upper Campanian) at Scratchell’s Bay and Alum Bay, Isle of Wight, UK. 2 3 Peter Hopson1*, Andrew Farrant1, Ian Wilkinson1, Mark Woods1 , Sev Kender1 4 2 5 and Sofie Jehle , 6 7 1 British Geological Survey, Sir Kingsley Dunham Centre, Nottingham, NG12 8 5GG. 9 2 10 University of Tübingen, Sigwartstraße 10, 72074 Tübingen, Germany 11 12 * corresponding author [email protected] 13 14 Keywords: Cretaceous, Isle of Wight, Chalk, lithostratigraphy, biostratigraphy, 15 16 17 Abstract 18 19 The Scratchell‟s Bay and southern Alum Bay sections, in the extreme west of the Isle 20 21 of Wight on the Needles promontory, cover the stratigraphically highest Chalk Group 22 formations available in southern England. They are relatively inaccessible, other than 23 by boat, and despite being a virtually unbroken succession they have not received the 24 attention afforded to the Whitecliff GCR (Geological Conservation Review series) 25 site at the eastern extremity of the island. A detailed account of the lithostratigraphy 26 27 of the strata in Scratchell‟s Bay is presented and integrated with macro and micro 28 biostratigraphical results for each formation present. Comparisons are made with 29 earlier work to provide a comprehensive description of the Seaford Chalk, Newhaven 30 Chalk, Culver Chalk and Portsdown Chalk formations for the Needles promontory. 31 32 33 The strata described are correlated with those seen in the Culver Down Cliffs – 34 Whitecliff Bay at the eastern end of the island that form the Whitecliff GCR site. -
Definition of Chalk
1.1: Introduction: 1.1.1: Definition of chalk: Chalk is a soft, white, porous sedimentary carbonate rock, a form of limestone composed of the mineral calcite. Calcite is calcium carbonate or CaCO3. It forms under reasonably deep marine conditions from the gradual accumulation of minute calcite shells (coccoliths) shed from micro-organisms called coccolithophores. Flint (a type of chert unique to chalk) is very common as bands parallel to the bedding or as nodules embedded in chalk. It is probably derived from sponge spicules or other siliceous organisms as water is expelled upwards during compaction. Flint is often deposited around larger fossils such as Echinoidea which may be silicified (i.e. replaced molecule by molecule by flint). Chalk as seen in Cretaceous deposits of Western Europe is unusual among sedimentary limestone in the thickness of the beds. Most cliffs of chalk have very few obvious bedding planes unlike most thick sequences of limestone such as the Carboniferous Limestone or the Jurassic oolitic limestones. This presumably indicates very stable conditions over tens of millions of years. Figure (1-1): Calcium sulphate 1 "Nitzana Chalk curves" situated at Western Negev, Israel are chalk deposits formed at the Mesozoic era's Tethys Ocean Chalk has greater resistance to weathering and slumping than the clays with which it is usually associated, thus forming tall steep cliffs where chalk ridges meet the sea. Chalk hills, known as chalk downland, usually form where bands of chalk reach the surface at an angle, so forming a scarp slope. Because chalk is well jointed it can hold a large volume of ground water, providing a natural reservoir that releases water slowly through dry seasons. -
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Milton Keynes, London Birmingham and the North Victoria Watford Junction London Brentford Waterloo Syon Lane Windsor & Shepherd’s Bush Eton Riverside Isleworth Hounslow Kew Bridge Kensington (Olympia) Datchet Heathrow Chiswick Vauxhall Airport Virginia Water Sunnymeads Egham Barnes Bridge Queenstown Wraysbury Road Longcross Sunningdale Whitton TwickenhamSt. MargaretsRichmondNorth Sheen BarnesPutneyWandsworthTown Clapham Junction Staines Ashford Feltham Mortlake Wimbledon Martins Heron Strawberry Earlsfield Ascot Hill Croydon Tramlink Raynes Park Bracknell Winnersh Triangle Wokingham SheppertonUpper HallifordSunbury Kempton HamptonPark Fulwell Teddington Hampton KingstonWick Norbiton New Oxford, Birmingham Winnersh and the North Hampton Court Malden Thames Ditton Berrylands Chertsey Surbiton Malden Motspur Reading to Gatwick Airport Chessington Earley Bagshot Esher TolworthManor Park Hersham Crowthorne Addlestone Walton-on- Bath, Bristol, South Wales Reading Thames North and the West Country Camberley Hinchley Worcester Beckenham Oldfield Park Wood Park Junction South Wales, Keynsham Trowbridge Byfleet & Bradford- Westbury Brookwood Birmingham Bath Spaon-Avon Newbury Sandhurst New Haw Weybridge Stoneleigh and the North Reading West Frimley Elmers End Claygate Farnborough Chessington Ewell West Byfleet South New Bristol Mortimer Blackwater West Woking West East Addington Temple Meads Bramley (Main) Oxshott Croydon Croydon Frome Epsom Taunton, Farnborough North Exeter and the Warminster Worplesdon West Country Bristol Airport Bruton Templecombe -
Su103 Box Hill from Westhumble
0 Miles 1 2 su103 Box Hill from Westhumble 0 Kilometres 1 2 3 The Burford Bridge roundabout is on the The walk shown is for guidance only and should With thanks to Dean Woodrow A24 between Dorking and Leatherhead not be attempted without suitable maps. Details 3 Go W (right) up the road for 200m and then 5 Go NW (left) across the grass to reach a SE on a signed path that descends through a road and then W (left) on the road to go N Distance: 11km (7 miles) field, a wood and a 2nd field to reach a road. pass the car park and NT Shop. At a '1.5T' Total Ascent: 340m (1115ft) Go E (left) on the road past the remains of road sign go NW (left) past Box Hill Fort to Time: 31/2 hrs Grade: 4 Westhumble Chapel to reach a crossroads. Go descend a bridleway to a fork. Go NW (left) to Maps: OS Landranger® 187 SE on Adlers Lane and continue SE at a join a 2nd path that descends across the or OS Explorer Map™ 146 junction. At a crossing path go S (right) on a grass. After 200m fork (W) left on a faint path Start/Finish: Burford Bridge Car Park footpath (signed 'Dorking') to reach a 2nd to descend more steeply. Continue through a A24 S of Mickleham, Surrey crossing path - The North Downs Way (NDW). small wood to reach a road opposite the car 1 Grid Ref: TQ172521 (1 /2 km) park and the start. (2km) Sat Nav: N51.2560 W0.3227 4 Go E (left) on the NDW to pass under the railway and then cross the A24. -
Item D1 Creation of Two New Sections of Road As Dedicated Bus Rapid Transit Route for Buses, Cyclists and Pedestrians Only
SECTION D DEVELOPMENT TO BE CARRIED OUT BY THE COUNTY COUNCIL Background Documents: the deposited documents; views and representations received as referred to in the reports and included in the development proposals dossier for each case; and other documents as might be additionally indicated. Item D1 Creation of two new sections of road as dedicated Bus Rapid Transit route for buses, cyclists and pedestrians only. Section 1 - New road, 1km in length, connecting Whitfield Urban Expansion to Tesco roundabout at Honeywood Parkway via new overbridge over A2. Access to bridge will be controlled by bus gates. Section 2 - New road, 1.1km in length, connecting B & Q roundabout on Honeywood Parkway to Dover Road, near Frith Farm, with access to Dover Road controlled by a bus gate. Providing access to future phases of White Cliffs Business Park at Dover Fastrack - Land to the north of Dover and to the south of Whitfield, Kent – DOV/20/01048 (KCC/DO/0178/2020) A report by Head of Planning Applications Group to Planning Applications Committee on 13th January 2021. Application by Kent County Council for Creation of two new sections of road as dedicated Bus Rapid Transit route for buses, cyclists and pedestrians only. Section 1 - New road, 1km in length, connecting Whitfield Urban Expansion to Tesco roundabout at Honeywood Parkway via new overbridge over A2. Access to bridge will be controlled by bus gates. Section 2 - New road, 1.1km in length, connecting B & Q roundabout on Honeywood Parkway to Dover Road, near Frith Farm, with access to Dover Road controlled by a bus gate. -
Ramblers Programme
Mole Valley Ramblers Autumn Walks Programme 1 October - 31 December 2019 (Table created on 5 September 2019 – check website for latest walk details) Date Start Walk Distance Difficulty Contact Wed 02/10/2019 10:00 Margery Wood NT CP (KT20 Up hill and down dale 6.5mi/10.5km Strenuous Pauline B & Jan B, 07933 7BD, TQ246526) Undulating walk along the North Downs 769343 or 07734 806123 and Pilgrims Ways, with spectacular views from Reigate, Colley and Buckland Hills. Just one steep(ish) climb. Wed 02/10/2019 10:00 Polesden Lacey NT CP East of Polesden 6mi/9.7km Moderate Stephen C, 07885 470788 (Display ticket, free to NT members) Walk heads east and south from Polesden (RH5 6BB, TQ135524) to Dorking and Ashcombe Woods. Back via Crabtree Lane and Admirals Lane. Thu 03/10/2019 14:00 Polesden Lacey NT CP Ranmore and thereabouts avoiding the 4.5mi/7.2km Leisurely Lizann P, 07887 505831 (Display ticket, free to NT members) golf balls (RH5 6BB, TQ135524) A varied walk around Ranmore and Effingham golf course with some lovely views. Mainly level, some ups and downs, nothing tricky, 4 stiles. Potential tea at Polesden Lacey at end, if desired. Sat 05/10/2019 09:30 Friday Street CP (RH5 6JR, The Three Hills Extravaganza 14mi/22.5km Strenuous Henri, 07802 312366 TQ125457) All day hilly walk with several ascents, taking in Pitch Hill, Holmbury Hill and Leith Hill. Picnic lunch and bring plenty of fluids. Sun 06/10/2019 09:30 Denbies Hillside (Ranmore A Circumnavigation of Polesden Lacey 7.5mi/12.1km Moderate Kevin F, 07884 665394 East) NT CP (display ticket, free to NT Across Ranmore Common to Tanner's members) (RH5 6SR, TQ141503) Hatch; then steep climb to Crabtree Cottages, and on to Bookham Wood. -
Oregon Department of Human Services HEALTH EFFECTS INFORMATION
Oregon Department of Human Services Office of Environmental Public Health (503) 731-4030 Emergency 800 NE Oregon Street #604 (971) 673-0405 Portland, OR 97232-2162 (971) 673-0457 FAX (971) 673-0372 TTY-Nonvoice TECHNICAL BULLETIN HEALTH EFFECTS INFORMATION Prepared by: Department of Human Services ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY SECTION Office of Environmental Public Health OCTOBER, 1998 CALCIUM CARBONATE "lime, limewater” For More Information Contact: Environmental Toxicology Section (971) 673-0440 Drinking Water Section (971) 673-0405 Technical Bulletin - Health Effects Information CALCIUM CARBONATE, "lime, limewater@ Page 2 SYNONYMS: Lime, ground limestone, dolomite, sugar lime, oyster shell, coral shell, marble dust, calcite, whiting, marl dust, putty dust CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES: - Molecular Formula: CaCO3 - White solid, crystals or powder, may draw moisture from the air and become damp on exposure - Odorless, chalky, flat, sweetish flavor (Do not confuse with "anhydrous lime" which is a special form of calcium hydroxide, an extremely caustic, dangerous product. Direct contact with it is immediately injurious to skin, eyes, intestinal tract and respiratory system.) WHERE DOES CALCIUM CARBONATE COME FROM? Calcium carbonate can be mined from the earth in solid form or it may be extracted from seawater or other brines by industrial processes. Natural shells, bones and chalk are composed predominantly of calcium carbonate. WHAT ARE THE PRINCIPLE USES OF CALCIUM CARBONATE? Calcium carbonate is an important ingredient of many household products. It is used as a whitening agent in paints, soaps, art products, paper, polishes, putty products and cement. It is used as a filler and whitener in many cosmetic products including mouth washes, creams, pastes, powders and lotions. -
Fetcham Downs and Ranmore Common
point your feet on a new path Fetcham Downs and Ranmore Common Distance: 13 km=8 miles easy-to-moderate walking or 2 walks of 7 km= 4½ miles and 7½ km= 5 miles Region: Surrey Date written: 4-dec-2009 Author: Schwebefuss Date revised: 28-oct-2011 Refreshments : Bockett’s Farm, Denbies Hillside? Last update: 14-sep-2021 Map: Explorer 146 (Dorking) but the maps in this guide should be sufficient Problems, changes? We depend on your feedback: [email protected] Public rights are restricted to printing, copying or distributing this document exactly as seen here, complete and without any cutting or editing. See Principles on main webpage. Woodland, hills, views In Brief This is a bracing walk with good long stretches that take you far from the starting point to distant parts, but always along good wide paths that make the going easy. This walk is a good winter walk because the views are enhanced. There are no nettles. However, in the wetter months there may be some muddy patches, so boots are a must. Most of this trail is ideal for dogs, with no main road crossings and only one or two small fields of livestock. There are no cafés or pubs en route but Bockett’s Farm, near the start, has an excellent tea room. The walk can be split into two different shorter walks, a northern walk covering Fetcham Downs and Norbury Park (7 km=4½ miles) and a southern walk over Denbies Hillside and Ranmore Common (7½ km=5 miles). The full walk and the northern walk begin at the small free car park in Fetcham close to the Bockett’s Farm roundabout, nearest postcode KT22 9BW , grid ref TQ 150 549. -
Guildford Borough Mapset
from from from WOKING LONDON WOKING A247 A3 A322 Pitch Place Jacobswell A247 A320 GUILDFORD WEST Bellfields ey BOROUGH Slyfield r W CLANDON ve APPROACH MAP Green Ri Abbots- Stoughton wood A3 Burpham A3100 N A323 Bushy Hill from A25 Park A25 LEATHERHEAD Barn Merrow A25 A322 A25 SURREY H UNIVERSITY A320 GUILDFORD CATHEDRAL Guildford A246 Park Onslow A3 Village GUILDFORD A31 DORKING from HOGS BACK from D O W N S FARNHAM A31 T H O R N A281 A3 ARTINGTON A248 LITTLETON A3100 CHILWORTH SHALFORD ALBURY LOSELEY COMPTON HOUSE A248 B3000 from from from PORTSMOUTH MILFORD HORSHAM PRODUCED BY BUSINESS MAPS LTD FROM DIGITAL DATA - COPYRIGHT BARTHOLOMEW(1996) TEL: 01483 422766 FAX: 01483 422747 M25 Pibright Bisley Camp GUILDFORD Camp BOROUGH MAP B367 OCKHAM B3012 SEND EFFINGHAM Pirbright B368 JUNCTION B2215 B2039 B3032 WORPLESDON A247 B380 EAST NORTH CAMP Worplesdon A3 HORSLEY ASH VALE Jacobswell A247 Common WEST EFFINGHAM Ash Vale A322 WEST A324 CLANDON HORSLEY Slyfield A323 EAST A246 A246 AshCommon Fairlands Green Burpham CLANDON CLANDON Wood Street A323 A320 A321 Village B2234 ASH Wyke Merrow A25 Park Barn A25 ASH WANBOROUGH B3009 AshGreen Onslow Village Wanborough TONGHAM Chantries HOGS BACK A25 A31 A281 Chilworth ALBURY GOMSHALL Littleton A3100 Seale PUTTENHAM B3000 A248 COMPTON SHERE from The DORKING Sands CHILWORTH B3000 B2128 Brook Sutton A3 Farley Abinger Green PEASLAKE Eashing N HOLMBURY ST MARY B2126 BOROUGH BOUNDARY from OCKLEY PRODUCED BY BUSINESS MAPS LTD FROM DIGITAL DATA - COPYRIGHT BARTHOLOMEW(1996) BUSINESS MAPS LTD TEL: 01483 422766 -
WORPLESDON MANOR Worplesdon • Guildford • Surrey
WORPLESDON MANOR Worplesdon • Guildford • surrey WORPLESDON MANOR Worplesdon • Guildford • surrey Immaculate small country estate within 28 miles of central London Worplesdon station: 1 mile, A3: 2 miles, Woking: 4 miles Guildford: 5 miles, Central London: 28 miles = Reception hall, drawing room, dining room, family room, garden room and sitting room Kitchen/breakfast room, secondary kitchen and cloakroom Master bedroom suite with dressing room and bathroom 5 further bedrooms and 4 further bath/shower rooms (3 en suite) First floor study and utility/laundry room Triple open-bay garage, further garaging/machinery stores and greenhouse Parkland gardens and grounds with river frontage In all about 13.5 acres Savills Guildford 244-246 High Street, Guildford, Surrey GU1 3JF [email protected] 01483 796820 DIRECTIONS From Guildford, take the A322, Worplesdon Road, and continue for approximately four miles. After passing the Worplesdon Place Hotel, turn right into The Avenue and continue for about 0.75 miles, in which time the road has become Goose Rye Road. Worplesdon Manor will be found on the left, after the second bend. SITUATION Worplesdon Manor occupies a private position surrounded by its own land on the edge of Worplesdon, a heathland village, with an attractive green, on a hill, at the centre. Still essentially rural in nature, the village is bordered by Whitmoor Common and farmland, yet is just four miles from the centre of Guildford. It has a mainline station, bakery, hotel, public house and Church, and lies between Guildford and Woking. Both towns have excellent shopping, recreational and educational facilities and fast commuter rail services to London Waterloo, with journey times from about 35 minutes and 28 minutes respectively. -
Denbies and Polesden Lacey Walk
Denbies to Route Keep left, with views to London on your right, towards Polesden Lacey metal kissing gate which takes you on to tarmac Circular Walk access road. Turn left here, rejoin walk directions at From Denbies car park, go left of main building and point 6 by coffee shop/toilets of Polesden Lacey. 7 miles scenic walk 1 then right onto cement road up hillside. As paved around a popular area Go through entrance gate, continue up footpath, views path veers right, turn right in between vines and tree 5 on the North Downs Way to left and passing folly of columns on left. Continue line until you come to corner of vineyard, go through on main track, with views to Polesden house ahead. wooden kissing gate and continue ahead until you Turn right up track towards exit gate from grounds, If you have a day to spare reach a staggered crossroads. to explore more of the go through gate. Surrey Hills, enjoy this Cross surfaced path and continue on footpath, which 2 Turn left passing coffee shop, toilet facilities and visitor beautiful hilly walk along turns into a drive. Take footpath sign to right when 6 reception. Follow path running through car park and the North Downs to the path veers right. Keep straight on and go through metal National Trust’s historic go through gate at far end. Turn left along paved path kissing gate. Follow footpath through field following Polesden Lacey house going downhill and passing under beautiful thatched telegraph pole line. Go through kissing gate at end and and extensive grounds. -
And the Optohedron Silent Pool, St Martha's Hill
A 6 mile scenic walk around a popular on natural geometry and includes three immediately right onto stone track signed fence line, fork right between old gate kaleidoscopic elements. Following your NDW, passing cottage on your right. posts to join narrower path into trees and area on the North rest stop, head back to the NDW to Soon after fence ends on your right, you scrub. Downs Way in the continue until you emerge alongside a will pick up next POT waymarker. Stay Stay with path as it leads steadily Surrey Hills Area vehicle barrier and junction with A25. with this path leading to major junction, downhill and then steeper to reach Cross over this very busy road with care marked with a couple of waymarker of Outstanding junction with sunken lane, Water Lane. Natural Beauty and enjoy the spectacular views for which posts. Turn right here to join permissive Newlands Corner is well-known. Follow horse ride, marked as POT. Follow main 5 WATER LANE TO END OF WALK Nestling in a hollow at the stone path to car park. Bear left and walk obvious path and as you pick up next Turn left and then immediately right foot of the North Downs, length of car park to end, passing toilets waymarker post, stay with POT bearing Sherbourne Pond & Silent to join stone access public bridleway. and visitor centre to right. left heading uphill to reach T-junction. Pool are fed by springs. After passing house on right, keep Turn right and you will pass a stone Part of St Martha’s church 2 NEWLANDS CORNER TO directly ahead alongside gate and follow boundary marker dated 1933.