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Prep Implementation Science: State-Of-The-Art and Research Agenda ONLINE ONLINE OPEN PEER-REVIEWD PEER-REVIEWD ONLINE A PEER-REVIEWD OPEN ACCESS OPEN HIV/AIDS JOURNAL HIV/AIDS JOURNAL CCESS ONLINEONLINE CCESS A OPEN OPEN PEER-REVIEWD ONLINE HIV/AIDS JOURNAL HIV/AIDS HIV/AIDS JOURNAL PEER-REVIEWD PEER-REVIEWD OPEN ACCESSONLINEPEER-REVIEWD A ONLINEPEER-REVIEWD CCESS HIV/AIDS JOURNALPEER-REVIEWD OPEN ACCESS CCESS A OPEN ONLINE ONLINE HIV/AIDS JOURNAL ONLINE PEER-REVIEWDHIV/AIDS JOURNALONLINEONLINE PEER-REVIEWDOPEN ACCESS PEER-REVIEWD ONLINE ONLINE OPEN ACCESSONLINE OPEN HIV/AIDS JOURNAL CCESS OPEN ACCESS HIV/AIDS JOURNAL PEER-REVIEWD PEER-REVIEWD PEER-REVIEWD HIV/AIDS JOURNAL PEER-REVIEWD A HIV/AIDS JOURNAL OPEN ACCESS PEER-REVIEWD PEER-REVIEWD PEER-REVIEWDONLINE HIV/AIDS JOURNAL HIV/AIDS JOURNAL OPEN ACCESS ONLINE ONLINEONLINE HIV/AIDS JOURNAL HIV/AIDS PEER-REVIEWD A PEER-REVIEWD ONLINE ONLINE HIV/AIDS JOURNAL CCESS HIV/AIDS JOURNALOPEN ONLINE PEER-REVIEWDONLINE PEER-REVIEWD HIV/AIDS JOURNAL OPEN PEER-REVIEWDJOURNAL HIV/AIDS HIV/AIDS JOURNAL HIV/AIDS JOURNAL CCESS ONLINE A A ONLINE OPEN ACCESS HIV/AIDS JOURNAL ONLINE HIV/AIDS JOURNAL CCESS PEER-REVIEWD OPEN ACCESS HIV/AIDS JOURNAL OPEN ACCESS ONLINE HIV/AIDS JOURNAL HIV/AIDS ONLINE OPEN OPEN ACCESS HIV/AIDS JOURNAL PEER-REVIEWD OPEN HIV/AIDS JOURNALPEER-REVIEWD PEER-REVIEWD OPEN ACCESS PEER-REVIEWD CCESS A OPEN PEER-REVIEWDONLINE PEER-REVIEWD PEER-REVIEWD HIV/AIDS JOURNALPrEPHIV/AIDS Implementation JOURNALHIV/AIDS JOURNAL Science:PEER-REVIEWD OPEN ACCESS CCESS PEER-REVIEWD A PEER-REVIEWD A State-of-the-Art CCESS OPEN ACCESS and Research Agenda OPEN Guest Editors: Carlos F Cáceres, Kenneth H Mayer, Rachel Baggaley and Kevin R O’Reilly HIV/AIDS JOURNAL Volume 18, Supplement 3 Scan this QR code with your mobile device to view July 2015 the special issue online NEMUS is a network of researchers, policy makers, practitioners and activists interested in the conduct, dissemination and utilization of multidisciplinary studies in ARV-based strategies to prevent HIV transmission in a combination prevention framework. The concept of NEMUS emerged in 2013 when parties around the world had growing interest in a space for communication and collaboration in ARV-based prevention as a key component of combination prevention. This initiative responded to the need for dissemination and discussion among stakeholders and for intra and interdisciplinary research to identify the best way to use this set of tools and to resolve challenges. In 2014, with support from the World Health Organization and with funds provided by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, NEMUS launched: a website with multiple resources; a webinar series; activities around conferences: and collaboration with key colleagues for the production of this special issue of JIAS. In its second year of activities, NEMUS intends to: (a) continue to strengthen dissemination, discussion and exchanges through its website, diversified monthly webinars and sessions at international meetings; (b) continue to organize special publications; (c) strengthen regional activities, including in non-English speaking areas of the world; and (d) continue to participate in strategic discussion and planning of relevant research and implementation. Visit NEMUS at www.nemus-hiv.net and register. Reach NEMUS at [email protected]. Support The publication of this supplement was supported by the World Health Organization and the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. The content of this supplement is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the World Health Organization or the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. PrEP Implementation Science: State-of-the-Art and Research Agenda Guest Editors: Carlos F Cáceres, Kenneth H Mayer, Rachel Baggaley and Kevin R O’Reilly Contents Editorial: PrEP implementation: moving from trials to policy and practice Carlos F Cáceres, Kevin R O’Reilly, Kenneth H Mayer and Rachel Baggaley 1 The promises and challenges of pre-exposure prophylaxis as part of the emerging paradigm of combination HIV prevention Carlos F Cáceres, Florence Koechlin, Pedro Goicochea, Papa-Salif Sow, Kevin R O’Reilly, Kenneth H Mayer and Peter Godfrey-Faussett 5 Seasonal PrEP for partners of migrant miners in southern Mozambique: a highly focused PrEP intervention Ide Cremin, Fernando Morales, Britta L Jewell, Kevin R O’Reilly and Timothy B Hallett 14 Cost-effectiveness of pre-exposure prophylaxis targeted to high-risk serodiscordant couples as a bridge to sustained ART use in Kampala, Uganda Roger Ying, Monisha Sharma, Renee Heffron, Connie L Celum, Jared M Baeten, Elly Katabira, Nulu Bulya and Ruanne V Barnabas 21 Beyond “getting drugs into bodies”: social science perspectives on pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV Judith D Auerbach and Trevor A Hoppe 30 Pre-exposure prophylaxis in Southern Africa: feasible or not? Willem Daniel François Venter, Frances Cowan, Vivian Black, Kevin Rebe and Linda-Gail Bekker 35 HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis and health and community systems in the Global South: Thailand case study Donn Colby, Kriengkrai Srithanaviboonchai, Suphak Vanichseni, Sumet Ongwandee, Nittaya Phanuphak, Michael Martin, Kachit Choopanya, Suwat Chariyalertsak and Frits van Griensven 42 Pre-exposure prophylaxis for men and transgender women who have sex with men in Brazil: opportunities and challenges Valdilea G Veloso, Fabio Mesquita and Beatriz Grinsztejn 48 Antiretroviral pre-exposure prophylaxis implementation in the United States: a work in progress Kenneth H Mayer, Sybil Hosek, Stephanie Cohen, Albert Liu, Jim Pickett, Mitchell Warren, Douglas Krakower and Robert Grant 54 Rethinking HIV prevention to prepare for oral PrEP implementation for young African women Connie L Celum, Sinead Delany-Moretlwe, Margaret McConnell, Heidi van Rooyen, Linda-Gail Bekker, Ann Kurth, Elizabeth Bukusi, Chris Desmond, Jennifer Morton and Jared M Baeten 61 Translating PrEP effectiveness into public health impact: key considerations for decision-makers on cost-effectiveness, price, regulatory issues, distributive justice and advocacy for access Catherine Hankins, Ruth Macklin and Mitchell Warren 71 AUTHOR INDEX 78 Volume 18, Supplement 3 July 2015 http://www.jiasociety.org/index.php/jias/issue/view/1474 Ca´ceres CF et al. Journal of the International AIDS Society 2015, 18(Suppl 3):20222 http://www.jiasociety.org/index.php/jias/article/view/20222 | http://dx.doi.org/10.7448/IAS.18.4.20222 Editorial PrEP implementation: moving from trials to policy and practice Carlos F Ca´ceres§,1, Kevin R O’Reilly*,2, Kenneth H Mayer3 and Rachel Baggaley$,2 §Corresponding author: Carlos F Ca´ceres, Center for Interdisciplinary Studies in Sexuality, AIDS and Society, Cayetano Heredia University, Av. Armenda´riz 445, Lima 18, Peru. ([email protected]) *The author is a consultant to the World Health Organization. $The author is a staff of the World Health Organization. Abstract Introduction: It is increasingly clear that the HIV response will not be sustainable if the number of infections is not significantly reduced. Discussion: For two decades, research has been ongoing to identify new behavioural and biomedical strategies to prevent HIV infection. In the past few years, the efficacy of several new strategies has been demonstrated, including oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP; i.e. daily use of tenofovir/emtricitabine). Because several social, political and logistic barriers remain, however, optimal PrEP implementation will require a better dissemination of new evidence in a number of areas and additional implementation research from various disciplinary perspectives (i.e. social science, policy and ethics; health systems; and economics, including cost- effectiveness studies). Discussion of new evidence on those topics, as well as case studies of potential PrEP implementation in diverse environments, can improve the understanding of the role that PrEP may play in addressing the global HIV/AIDS epidemic. In light of these needs, the Network for Multidisciplinary Studies in ARV-based HIV Prevention (NEMUS) and the World Health Organization (WHO) were honoured to co-organize a special issue of JIAS aimed at contributing to a scholarly discussion of current conditions surrounding PrEP implementation, potential impact and efficiency, social science concerns and the study of PrEP implementation in specific country cases. The papers included in this monograph identify and cover many of the main aspects of the complex yet promising discussions around PrEP implementation today. Conclusions: This is a collection of timely contributions from global leaders in HIV research and policy that addresses geographic diversity, uses a trans-disciplinary approach and covers a variety of the complex issues raised by PrEP. As this publication will become accessible to all, we hope that it will remain a valuable resource for policy makers, programme managers, researchers and activists around the world at a moment of a paradigm shift of the global response to HIV. Keywords: HIV; PrEP; key populations; scale-up; implementation science. Received 12 April 2015; Accepted 15 April 2015; Published 20 July 2015 Copyright: – 2015 World Health Organization; licensee IAS. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution IGO License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/legalcode), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. In any reproduction of this article there should not be any suggestion
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