North Essex Garden Communities Concept Feasibility Study

NORTH ESSEX GARDEN COMMUNITIES CONCEPT FEASIBILITY STUDY

PART 2 VOLUME 1: BASELINE COMPENDIUM

JUNE 2016 North Essex Garden Communities Concept Feasibility Study - Baseline Compendium Colchester Borough Council, Braintree District Council, Tendring District Council and Essex County Council

This chapter provides baseline synthesis and key findings associated to the North of Colchester area of investigation and the wider 5km buffer zone.

58 AECOM Colchester Borough Council, Braintree District Council, Tendring District Council and Essex County Council North Essex Garden Communities Concept Feasibility Study - Baseline Compendium

03 North of Colchester 3.1 Site Overview and Landuse 3.2 Call for Sites 3.3 Land Ownership and Development Arrangements 3.4 Surrounding Settlement Hierarchy 3.5 Economic Context 3.6 Movement and Connectivity 3.7 Landscape and Strategic Networks 3.8 Agricultural Land Classifications and Mineral Safeguarding Areas 3.9 Ecological Designations 3.10 Parks, Recreation and Historic Environment 3.11 Water Cycle 3.12 Utilities 3.13 Social Infrastructure

AECOM 59 North Essex Garden Communities Concept Feasibility Study - Baseline Compendium Colchester Borough Council, Braintree District Council, Tendring District Council and Essex County Council

3.1 Site Overview and Landuse

Boxted Airfield A12 Solar Farm

Kiln Wood

A12 Horkesley Heath

TendringTendring DistrictDistrict Severalls Industrial Tendring Districttrict Northern Gateway Estate TendringTendring DistrictDistrict Regeneration Area

A134 A12 Ardleigh Reservoir A134 A134 A12 A1232 A12 A1232 A1232

A120 A120 A120 ² A137 ² 00.2² 0.4 0.8 A137 A137 00.2 0.4 0.8 Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Source: Esri, DigitalGlobe, GeoEye, Earthstar Geographics, CNES/Airbus DS, USDA, USGS, AEX, Getmapping, Aerogrid, IGN, IGP, swisstopo, and the GIS User Community 00.2Kilometers 0.4 0.8 Kilometers Legend Figure 50: North Colchester Context Kilometers Site Study Area 60 North Colchester - Site Overview AECOM North ColchesterNorth - Site Colchester Overview - Site Overview District / Borough North Essex Garden Communities Boundary North Essex Garden NorthCommunities Essex Garden Communities Urban Area A Road B Road Minor Road Railway

B1029

Colchester Borough

TendringTendring DistrictDistrict

A134 A12 A1232 A120 ² A137 00.2 0.4 0.8

Kilometers North Colchester - Site Overview North Essex Garden Communities Colchester Borough Council, Braintree District Council, Tendring District Council and Essex County Council North Essex Garden Communities Concept Feasibility Study - Baseline Compendium

3.2 Call forContains Sites Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Source: Esri, DigitalGlobe, GeoEye, Earthstar Geographics, CNES/Airbus DS, USDA, USGS, AEX, Getmapping, Aerogrid, IGN, IGP, swisstopo, and the GIS User Community Legend BaberghBabergh DistrictDistrict Site Langham Garden Village Expanded Scheme Area District / Borough A134 Boundary Urban Area Key Findings A Road B Road

−− The Call for Sites process for Colchester undertaken to support the Minor Road development of the new Local Plan identified 10 sites associated with Railway the North of Colchester proposed development area which collectively (! Railway Station amount to an accumulative 607.4ha of potentially developable land

−− The individual site detail submitted for the Call for Sites is shown below in Table 12.

−− In late February 2016 the scheme promoters came forward with additional B1029 land to west which could be incorporated into a possible Langham Garden Village (1). 49 −− It has been suggested by the providers of Langham Garden Village that 69 4,000 homes is possible from the main site (221) and a further 2,000 from 220 expansion west. 95

96 50 154

Call for Sites Location Proposed Use Site Area (ha) Reference 169 1 049 School Road, Langham 2.172 ResidentialColcheColchesterster BoroughBorough Motts Farm, Birchwood Road, 069 6.586 Residential Langham 221

096 Land adjacent A12, Langham 8.66 Employment

050 Wick Road, Langham 1.86 Residential

095 Park Road, Langham 38.24 Residential

221 Langham Garden Village 441.4 Mixed 14

Ruskins Farm, Langham Lane, 014 6.693 Residential Boxted 26 Northern Gateway, North Employment/ 026 101.018 Colchester Leisure

169 Ipswich Road, Langham 0.417 Mixed TendringTendring DiDistrictstrict

220 School Road, Langham 0.363 Employment

Total Site Area: 607.409ha

Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Source: Esri, DigitalGlobe, GeoEye, Earthstar Geographics, CNES/Airbus DS, USDA, USGS, AEX, Getmapping, Aerogrid, IGN, IGP, swisstopo, and the GIS User Community Table 12: Colchester BC Call for Sites (2014/2015) Legend Figure 51: North Colchester Landuse Source: Colchester BC Call for Sites (2014/2015) Babergh District AECOM A1232 61 Site A12 Langham Garden Village Expanded Scheme Area District / Borough A134 Boundary Urban Area A Road A137 B Road A120 Minor Road Railway ²(! Railway Station 0 0.25 0.5 1

B1029 Kilometers North Colchester North Essex Garden Communities

Colchester Borough

Tendring District

A1232 A12

A137 A120 ² 0 0.25 0.5 1

Kilometers North Colchester North Essex Garden Communities North Essex Garden Communities Concept Feasibility Study - Baseline Compendium Colchester Borough Council, Braintree District Council, Tendring District Council and Essex County Council

3.3 Land Promoters and Development Agreements

Key Findings

−− Ptarmigan Land Ltd. is representing 8 landowners on the main part of the site, with the land to the west (possible expansion area) in the ownership of a further 2 landowners, both known to Ptarmigan.

−− A revised scheme brought forward by the land promoters included land to the west of the original site.

−− The indicative capacities being considered are dependent on the proposed future of the very recently installed Solar Farm which covers approximately 26ha of land and is situated in the centre of the area of investigation.

−− The Solar Farm is understood to have an operating lease of 20 years

−− The solar farm could feasibly power a significant new residential development with renewable energy, however it may also present a major constraint to the co-ordinated delivery of residential development due to AECOM have not received landownership map for North Colchester its prominence at the centre of the area of investigation which may restrict internal connectivity and amenity if it remains.

−− At the time of writing this report it is understood that the developer would retain the solar farm up until the expiry of its current operation lease/ landowner agreement for planning permission, and thereafter remove the facilities to allow housing development.

Table 13: Preparation Documents Commissioned by Promoter to Date

Document Prepared By Langham Garden Village Vision Document Ptarmigan Land / Barton Willmore Environmental Audit Chris Blandford Associates Desk Study for Defence Related BAE Systems Environmental Contamination and German Air-Dropped UXO Educational Facilities Management Education Briefing Note Partnership (EFM) Ltd Archaeological Appraisal Cotswold Archaeology Utilities Report TriConnex Ltd Phase Environmental Assessment Delta-Simons Transport Strategy i-Transport

62 AECOM Colchester Borough Council, Braintree District Council, Tendring District Council and Essex County Council North Essex Garden Communities Concept Feasibility Study - Baseline Compendium

3.4 Surrounding Settlement Hierarchy

West Bergholt A1232 West Bergholt A1232 West Bergholt A1232

A12 Tendring District A12 Tendring District A12 Tendring District

A1124 A120 A1124 B1029 A1124 A120 B1029 A120 B1029 A134 A134 A134 A133 A133 A133 COLCHESTER COLCHESTER COLCHESTER B1026 B1026 B1026 B1408 ² B1408 A133 ² B1408 B1028 A133 ² A120 B1027 A133 0 0.5 1 2 B1022 B1028 A120 B1025 B1027 0 0.5 1 2 A120 B1022 B1028 B1027 0 0.5 1 2 B1022 B1025 Kilometers B1025 Kilometers Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Kilometers Key Spatial RelationshipsFigure 52: North Colchester - North Settlement Colchester Hierarchy. Source: AECOM Legend Key SpatialKey SpatialRelationships Relationships - North -Colchester North Colchester Site Study Area North Essex Garden Communities 5km Buffer Zone North EssexNorth Garden Essex Communities Garden Communities District / Borough Boundary A Road Babergh District B Road Minor Road B1068 AECOM 63 Tendring A! Key Rural Service Centre

B1087 A! Smaller Rural Settlement Stratford St Mary Colchester

A! Regional Centre B1070 A! Village

Boxted Babergh A134 Dedham A! Hinterland Village A137 Boxted Cross Population Density 0.2 - 1 Little Horkesley B1352 1.1 - 2.5 Langham 2.6 - 5.0 Dedham Heath Colchester 5.1 - 7.5 B1508 Borough 7.6 - 10.0 B1352 10.1 - 20.0 B1035 Great Horkesley 20.1 - 40.0 40.1 - 70.0 70.1 - 110.0 110.1 - 165.0 Ardleigh

West Bergholt A1232

A12 Tendring District

A1124 A120 B1029

A134

A133

COLCHESTER

B1026

B1408 ² A133 A120 B1028 B1027 0 0.5 1 2 B1022 B1025 Kilometers Key Spatial Relationships - North Colchester North Essex Garden Communities North Essex Garden Communities Concept Feasibility Study - Baseline Compendium Colchester Borough Council, Braintree District Council, Tendring District Council and Essex County Council

3.5 Economic Context

Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Source: Esri, DigitalGlobe, GeoEye, Earthstar Geographics, CNES/Airbus DS, USDA, USGS, AEX, Getmapping, Aerogrid, IGN, IGP, swisstopo, and the GIS User Community Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Source: Esri, DigitalGlobe, GeoEye, Earthstar Geographics, CNES/Airbus DS, USDA, USGS, AEX, Getmapping, Aerogrid, IGN, IGP, swisstopo, and the GIS User Community Legend Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Source: Esri, DigitalGlobe, GeoEye, Earthstar Geographics, CNES/Airbus DS, USDA, USGS, AEX, Getmapping, Aerogrid, IGN, IGP, swisstopo, and the GIS User Community Legend LegendSite Study Area Site Study Area DistrictSite Study / Borough Area Key Findings Boundary District / Borough District / Borough Boundary 5kmBoundary Buffer Zone 5km Buffer Zone Babergh District Urban5km Buffer Area Zone Babergh District Urban Area −− There is an existing commercial area located in the southern part of the Babergh District AUrban Road Area Babergh District A Road BA Road Road Site (Lodge Park), comprising modern offices and light industrial uses B1068 B Road B1068 RailwayB Road within disused aircraft hangars. B1068 Railway (! RailwayRailway Station (! Railway Station (! TownRailway Centre Station −− A small area of light industrial buildings to the north of the site on School B1087 Town Centre B1087 StrategicTown Centre Development Road. Both sites are identified employment zones within the existing Local B1087 Site (Sports, Leisure, Strategic Development Strategic Development Employment & Housing)Site (Sports, Leisure, Plan. BaberghSite (Sports, District Leisure, BaberghEmployment District & Housing) BaberghBusinessEmployment District / Science & Housing) Park Babergh District Business / Science Park B1070 IndustrialBusiness Estate/ Science / Park −− The area of investigation is situated in close proximity to Colchester B1070 B1070 Business Park Industrial Estate / Industrial Estate / Business Park Northern Gateway which is located across the A12 and is identified as PotentialBusiness Future Park A134 Expansion Potential Future North Colchester Regeneration Area on the map, covering an area of A134 Potential Future A134 Expansion A137 Future ExpansionStrategy approximately 100ha. A137 Future Strategy A137 Future Strategy Colchester Creative Business Centre (EssexColchester Creative −− The Northern Gateway site is subject to outline planning consent B1352 ^_ Colchester Creative B1352Creative Hub) ^_ Business Centre (Essex B1352 ^_ Business Centre (EssexCreative Hub) (Ref: 0/COL/01/1622) which sets out outline permissions for a health and KnowledgeCreative Hub) Gateway and ^_ Expansion Knowledge Gateway and fitness centre, hotel, pub, cafe and restaurant uses, employment uses, 8 Knowledge Gateway^_ andExpansion B1508 8 ^_ NorthExpansion Colchester associated parking and landscaping. B1508 ^_ B1508 8 B1352 Regeneration Area North Colchester NorthB1352 Colchester^_ Regeneration Area B1352B1035 ^_ Regeneration Area B1035 −− The Council’s intention is that the Northern Gateway will deliver a high B1035 1 - Easter Park 2 - Severalls Lane Business1 - Easter Park Park 1 - Easter Park quality leisure destination alongside retail facilities of a type and quality not 3 - Turner Business Park2 - Severalls Lane Business Park 2 - Severalls Lane Business Park 4 - The Colchester Centre3 - Turner Business Park 3 - Turner Business Park currently available in Colchester. 5 - Knowledge Gateway4 - The Colchester Centre 4 - The Colchester Centre 7 6 - Potential Future Expansion5 - Knowledge of Gateway 7 5 - Knowledge Gateway Northern Gateway to6 provide- Potential Future Expansion of −− It is estimated by the Council that North Colchester growth area could 7 6 - Potential Future Expansion of 2220 new houses Northern Gateway to provide Northern Gateway to provide 7 - Lodge Park, Lodge Lane, 2220 new houses accommodate up to 6,200 homes and provide 3,500 new jobs. 1 2220 new houses Langham 7 - Lodge Park, Lodge Lane, 1 Tendring District 7 - Lodge Park, Lodge Lane, 1 8 - Farm Buildings, School Langham Road, Tendring District Langham −− Colchester has aspirations to become the Essex hub for creative 2 Tendring District Langham 8 - Farm Buildings, School Road, 2 8 - Farm Buildings, School Langham Road, ^_ 2 A1232 Langham industries, and a facilitiy is being developed in the town centre to help ^_ A1232 achieve this. In addition the town centre provides employment for office ^_ A1232 and retail services. 6 6 6 Colchester Colchester −− Within 5km of the site area is the University of Essex, and in addition to the ColchesterBorough A12 Borough A12 Borough academic growth plans it is developing the adjacent Knowledge Centre A12 Business/Science Park A1124 A120 A1124 B1029 A120 B1029 A1124 3 A120 3 B1029 A134 3 A134 A134 Sources A133 A133 A133 ^_ −− http://www.northerngatewaycolchester.co.uk ^_ B1026^_ B1026 B1026 4 −− http://www.colchester.gov.uk/northerngateway B1408 ^_5 4 ² B1408 4 ^_5 A133 ² B1408 Stanway 5 ^_ B1028 A133 ² A120 Stanway B1027 A133 0 0.5 1 2 Stanway B1022 B1028 −− Colchester Economic Development Strategy 2015-2021 A120 B1025 B1027 0 0.5 1 2 A120 B1022 B1028 B1027 0 0.5 1 2 B1022 B1025 Kilometers B1025 Kilometers Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Source: Esri, DigitalGlobe, GeoEye, Earthstar Geographics, CNES/Airbus DS, USDA, USGS, AEX, Getmapping, Aerogrid, IGN, IGP, swisstopo, and the GIS User Community Kilometers Legend Employment LandFigure Concentrations 53: North Colchester Economic Context.- North Source: ColchesterAECOM. EmploymentEmployment Land Concentrations Land Concentrations - North Colchester- North Colchester Site Study Area North Essex Garden Communities District / Borough North Essex Garden Communities Boundary North Essex Garden Communities 5km Buffer Zone Babergh District Urban Area A Road B Road 64 B1068 AECOM Railway (! Railway Station Town Centre B1087 Strategic Development Site (Sports, Leisure, BaberghEmployment District & Housing) Business / Science Park B1070 Industrial Estate / Business Park Potential Future A134 Expansion

A137 Future Strategy

Colchester Creative B1352 ^_ Business Centre (Essex Creative Hub) Knowledge Gateway and ^_ Expansion 8 B1508 North Colchester B1352 ^_ Regeneration Area B1035 1 - Easter Park 2 - Severalls Lane Business Park 3 - Turner Business Park 4 - The Colchester Centre 5 - Knowledge Gateway 7 6 - Potential Future Expansion of Northern Gateway to provide 2220 new houses 1 7 - Lodge Park, Lodge Lane, Tendring District Langham 8 - Farm Buildings, School Road, 2 Langham ^_ A1232

6 Colchester Borough A12

A1124 A120 B1029 3

A134

A133 ^_ B1026 4 B1408 ^_5 ² A133 Stanway A120 B1028 B1027 0 0.5 1 2 B1022 B1025 Kilometers Employment Land Concentrations - North Colchester North Essex Garden Communities Colchester Borough Council, Braintree District Council, Tendring District Council and Essex County Council North Essex Garden Communities Concept Feasibility Study - Baseline Compendium

3.6 Utilities

Sources

−− Anglian Water

−− National Grid Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Legend Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Legend LegendSite Study Area Key Findings Site Study Area 5kmSite Buffer Study Zone Area 5km Buffer Zone District5km Buffer / Borough Zone District / Borough WoodlandDistrict / Borough Babergh District Woodland Electricity Babergh District UrbanWoodland Area Babergh District Urban Area WaterbodyUrban Area Waterbody −− A large Solar Farm (Boxted Airfield Solar Farm) covering approximately B1068 A RoadWaterbody B1068 A Road 26ha of land was installed in March 2015. The Boxted Airfield Solar Farm B1068 B RoadA Road B Road MinorB Road Road could have considerable bearing on deemed availability of the site due to Minor Road RailwayMinor Road its scale. The Solar Farm was only very recently installed in March 2015 and B1087 Railway B1087 Railway B1087 has an installed capacity of 18.8MW generated via 73,728 solar modules. 12 Solar Farm 12 Solar Farm 12 Solar Farm Telecommunication −− UK Power Networks has identfied that Langham and Severlls primary Dedham B1070 Network Telecommunication Dedham B1070 Telecommunication Network substations would likely be available as options to serve the development, Dedham B1070 Gas PipeNetwork Gas Pipe subject to expansion/upgrade. Gas Pipe A134 Low Pressure Gas Pipe A134 A134 Low Pressure Gas Pipe A137 MediumLow Pressure Pressure Gas Gas Pipe Pipe Water supply Langham Primary Langham A137 Medium Pressure Gas Pipe Langham Primary Langham A137 HighMedium Pressure Pressure Gas Pipe Gas Pipe Langham Primary Langham High Pressure Gas Pipe High Pressure Gas Pipe −− The region east of Colchester (referred to in the Anglian Water B1352 Electricity Line B1352 Electricity Line B1352 Electricity Line development plan as “South Essex”) is predicted to be in water deficit A! A! A!Tower Line - 132,000v Colchester A! A! A!Tower Line - 132,000v condition by 2030 and water will need to be delivered from other areas Borough Colchester Foxash Primary A! A!A! A!A! PoleA!Tower Line Line - 33,000v - 132,000v B1508 Colchester Borough Foxash Primary A! A! A! Pole Line - 33,000v within the Anglian Water region, or supplemented by neighbouring water B1508 Borough Foxash Primary A! A! ExistingA! Pole Line EHV - 33,000vCable B1508 B1352 B1352 Existing EHV Cable companies. This is based on average growth trends. There is no specific B1352B1035 OverheadExisting Line EHV Cable B1035 Overhead Line information about the proposed development area. B1035 ElectricityOverhead Substation Line  Electricity Substation 12  Electricity Substation  12 B# Primary Substation 12 B# Primary Substation −− There are no major supply projects planned during the current review # Primary Substation B#BSubstation period (to 2020) – the focus is firmly on demand reduction by tackling Severalls Primary B# Substation # Substation Severalls Primary WasteB Water Treatment Works leakage and installing water meters. Severalls Primary Waste Water Treatment Works Waste Water Treatment Works Works operated by Anglian Lawford Grid " C Water Works operated by Anglian −− In a meeting held between AECOM and Anglian Water on 20th May 2016, Lawford Grid Works operated"C by Anglian Lawford Grid "C Water it was confirmed that water supply should be possible from the Ardleigh Water A1232 A1232 Reservoir, immediately north of the A120, subject to new and upgraded A1232 existing infrastructure. A12 Tendring District A12 Tendring District Gas A12 Tendring District Braiswick Primary Parsons Heath Primary Braiswick Primary Parsons Heath Primary West Bergholt Braiswick Primary Parsons Heath Primary −− According to an email from National Grid Gas in September 2014, the West Bergholt West Bergholt medium pressure network is expected to be able to deliver theA1124 predicted A120 A1124 B1029 A1124 A120 B1029 additional demand from potential development, but the low pressure A120 B1029 A134 network will require reinforcement in places. A134 A134 East Bay Primary A133 East Bay Primary Waste Water A133 East Bay Primary A133 −− The closest existing waste water treatment works in Langham WRC. B1026 Located off Greyhound Hill and adjacent to Black Brook and Dedham WRC. B1026 B1026 B1408 ² B1408 A133 ² B1408 −− In a meeting with AECOM on 20th May 2016, Anglian Water advised that B1028 A133 ² A120 B1027 A133 0 0.5 1 2 B1022 B1028 A120 B1025 B1027 0 0.5 1 2 they could accept limited inflows from the development inA120 early phases, B1022 B1028 B1027 0 0.5 1 2 B1022 B1025 Kilometers however before the end of the Plan Period (2032), water would have have to B1025 Kilometers Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Contains, or is based on, informationKilometers supplied by Historic England. be pumped to Colchester WRC at Hythe or a new treatmentUtilities plant built. - North ColchesterFigure 54: North Colchester Utilities. Source: Anglian Water / National Grid Legend Utilities - North Colchester Site Study Area Telecommunications Utilities - North Colchester North Essex Garden Communities 5km Buffer Zone North EssexNorth Garden Essex Communities Garden Communities District / Borough Boundary −− Evidence appears limited. Additional investigation required. Urban Area Babergh District Waterbody A Road AECOM 65 B1068 B Road Minor Road Railway (! Railway Station B1087 Scheduled Monument Registered Parks & Gardens Country Parks B1070 Listed Buildings - Grade ^_ I A134 ^_ II A137 ^_ II*

B1352

B1508 Colchester Borough B1352 B1035

A1232

Tendring District A12 Tendring District

A1124 A120 B1029

A134

A133

B1026

B1408 ² A133 A120 B1028 B1027 0 0.5 1 2 B1022 B1025 Kilometers Heritage Assets - North Colchester North Essex Garden Communities North Essex Garden Communities Concept Feasibility Study - Baseline Compendium Colchester Borough Council, Braintree District Council, Tendring District Council and Essex County Council

3.7 Landscape Character, Sensitivity and Condition

the eastern and south-eastern part of the Site Study Area across the open A1232 1 A1232 fields due to the intermittent nature of the hedgerow boundaries, as well as A1232 the gently falling topography towards the northern edge of Colchester. A12 A12 Co A12 −− The small rural villages of Langham (2) andln Langham Moor (3) lie to the e Co C (d ln north and west of the Site Study Area, respectively.ol /s D Theye have a distinctive ne oe's Co (d ( rner) /s D d /s oe's Co rural village character with residential propertiesDoe' slocated along countryrner) Corner A1124 ) A120 B1029 A1124 Salary Brook lanes. Many of the properties have open views across the adjacentA1124 A120 B1029 Salary Brook A120 B1029 farmland. Salary Brook A134 A134 A134 −− There is an existing commercial area located in the southern part of the A133 Colne (d/s Doe's Corner) A133 Colne (d/s Doe's Corner) Site Study Area (Lodge Park (4), comprising modern offices and light A133 Colne (d/s Doe's Corner) industrial uses within disused aircraft hangars. There is another light B1026 industrial area to the north of the Site Study Area on School Road. Both B1026 B1026 sites are identified employment zones within the existing Local Plan. B1408 ² B1408 A133 ² B1408 B1028 A133² A120 B1027 A133 0 0.5 1 2 B1022 B1028 −− Some other residential properties are scattered throughout the Site StudyA120 B1025 B1027 0 0.5 1 2 A120 B1022 B1028 B1027 0 0.5 1 2 B1022 B1025 Area, most notably a small cluster of properties in the south east near the B1025 Kilometers Kilometers A12. There are also a few isolated, mostly large detached properties within Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Contains EnvironmentKilometers Agency information © Environment Agency and database right. Contains, or is based on, information supplied by Natural England.

Landscape andFigure Strategic 55: North Colchester Networks Landscape and -Topography. North Source: Colchester Natural England / Environment Agency Legend the Site Study Area. SixpennyBrook Landscape and Strategic Networks - North Colchester Site Study Area Landscape and Strategic Networks - North Colchester SixpennyBrook

SixpennyBrook 5km Buffer Zone −− A large solar farm (5) commissioned in March 2015 and situatedNorth onEssex the Garden Communities North Essex NorthGarden Essex Communities Garden Communities Urban Area former Boxted Airfield currently occupies fields in the centre of the Site Waterbody

Study Area covering approximately 26ha. This has considerable bearing on Brett A Road Box the visual character of the area due to its scale and prominence. B Road B1068 Minor Road 66 AECOM Railway (! Railway Station AONB B1087 Stour (Lamarsh - R. Brett) Topography (m) -2 - 0 1 - 5 Stour (d/s R. Brett) B1070 6 - 10 11 - 15

A134 16 - 20 21 - 25 A137 26 - 30 31 - 35 B1352 36 - 40 41 - 45 46 - 50 B1508 51 - 55 B1352 56 - 60 B1035 61 - 65 66 - 70 Salary Brook 71 - 75 76 - 80 81 - 90 Salary Brook 91 - 100 101 - 115

A1232

A12 C ol ne ( d /s Doe's C orner) A1124 A120 B1029 Salary Brook

A134

A133 Colne (d/s Doe's Corner)

B1026

B1408 ² A133 A120 B1028 B1027 0 0.5 1 2 B1022 B1025 Kilometers

Landscape and Strategic Networks - North Colchester SixpennyBrook North Essex Garden Communities Colchester Borough Council, Braintree District Council, Tendring District Council and Essex County Council North Essex Garden Communities Concept Feasibility Study - Baseline Compendium

Figure 56: View across south section of the Site Area looking north with Severalls Industrial Estate in the foreground and Northern Gateway in the bottom left corner. Source: Bing Maps Bird’s Eye View

Sources

−− Natural England, National Character Areas - GIS Digital Boundary Datasets

−− OS Terrain 50

−− Natural England GIS Digital Boundary Datasets

−− Environment Agency Geostore

−− Soilscape, National Soil Resources Institute (accessed through magic. co.uk)

−− North East Colchester Environmental Audit (November 2015)

Figure 57: View across north section of the Site Area looking south with Langham village in the foreground and the proposed western expansion area to the right. Source: Bing Maps Bird’s Eye View

AECOM 67 North Essex Garden Communities Concept Feasibility Study - Baseline Compendium Colchester Borough Council, Braintree District Council, Tendring District Council and Essex County Council

3.8 Agricultural Land Classifications and Mineral Safeguarding Areas

Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Contains Environment Agency information © Environment Agency and database right Legend Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Contains Environment Agency information © Environment Agency and database right Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Contains Environment Agency information © Environment Agency and database right Site Study Area Legend Legend District / Borough Boundary Site Study Area Site Study Area Key Findings 5km Buffer Zone District / Borough Boundary District / Borough Boundary Babergh District Waterbody 5km Buffer Zone 5km Buffer Zone Babergh District A Road Waterbody Waterbody −− The quality of agricultural land is predominantly very good or excellent Babergh District B Road A Road A Road (Grade 1 & 2), Minor Road B Road B Road Railway Minor Road Minor Road −− In addition, sand and gravel Mineral Safeguarding Area covers the majority (! Railway Station Railway Railway of the site. This does not prevent future development within North of Mineral and Waste Site (! Railway Station (! Railway Station Colchester, however the designation ensures that mineral resources are MSA - Brick Clay Mineral and Waste Site Mineral and Waste Site considered in making land-use planning decisions. MSA - Sand and Gravel MSA - Brick Clay MSA - Brick Clay Agricultural Land Classification MSA - Sand and Gravel MSA - Sand and Gravel −− To the south west of the Site Study Area is a Mineral and Waste Site, which Grade 1 - Excellent Agricultural Land Classification Agricultural Land Classification could require remediation depending on development. Grade 2 - Very Good Grade 1 - Excellent Grade 1 - Excellent Grade 2 - Very Good Grade 3 - Good to Moderate Grade 2 - Very Good Grade 3 - Good to Moderate Grade 4 - Poor Grade 3 - Good to ModerateGrade 4 - Poor Other land primarily in Grade 4 - Poor non-agricultural use Other land primarily in non-agricultural use LandOther predominantly land primarily in in urbannon-agricultural area use Land predominantly in urban area Land predominantly in Colchester Colchester urban area Borough Colchester Borough Borough

Tendring DistrictTendring District Tendring District

Sources ² ² 0 0.5 1 2 −− Natural England, National Character Areas - GIS Digital Boundary 0 0.5²1 2 Kilometers Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Contains Environment Agency information © Environment Agency and database right 0 0.5Kilometers1 2 Legend Figure 58: North of Colchester Agricultural Land Classifications and Mineral Safeguarding Areas. Source: Natural England / Mineral Safegarding Zones Received from Kilometers Agricultural LandAgricultural Classification EssexLand County ClassificationCouncil - North Colchester - North Colchester Site Study Area District / Borough Boundary 68 North Essex Garden Communities AECOM NorthAgricultural Essex Garden Land Communities Classification - North Colchester 5km Buffer Zone North Essex Garden Communities Babergh District Waterbody A Road B Road Minor Road Railway (! Railway Station Mineral and Waste Site MSA - Brick Clay MSA - Sand and Gravel Agricultural Land Classification Grade 1 - Excellent Grade 2 - Very Good Grade 3 - Good to Moderate Grade 4 - Poor

Other land primarily in non-agricultural use Land predominantly in urban area Colchester Borough

Tendring District

² 0 0.5 1 2

Kilometers Agricultural Land Classification - North Colchester North Essex Garden Communities Colchester Borough Council, Braintree District Council, Tendring District Council and Essex County Council North Essex Garden Communities Concept Feasibility Study - Baseline Compendium

3.9 Ecological Designations

−− Ardleigh Reservoir (4) is a significant and important waterbody. 1 −− There are no locally designated areas on the Site Study Area, but within 6 the 5km buffer zone to the south there are numerous. This includes Welsh A1232 Wood (5), Salary Brook (6) (which has water voles on site), Bull Meadows (7) A1232 A1232 (which has scarce meadow plants), Hilly fields (8), Spring Lane Meadows 4 3 (which is an area for bats and otters), and Lexden Park (9). A12 A12 2 A12

A1124 A120 A1124 B1029 A1124 A120 B1029 A120 B1029 A134 A134 5 A134 A133 A133 A133 7 8 Sources B1026 B1026 9 B1026 B1408 ² −− Natural England, National Character Areas - GIS Digital Boundary Datasets B1408 A133 ² B1408 B1028 A133 ² A120 B1027 A133 0 0.5 1 2 B1022 B1028 A120 B1025 B1027 0 0.5 1 2 −− OS Terrain 50 A120 B1022 B1028 B1027 0 0.5 1 2 B1022 B1025 Kilometers B1025 Kilometers Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Contains EnvironmentKilometers Agency information © Environment Agency and database right. Contains, or is based on, information supplied by Natural England. Ecological DesignationsFigure 59: North Colchester- North Ecological Colchester Designations. Source: Natural England / Environment Agency Legend EcologicalEcological Designations Designations - North Colchester- North Colchester Site Study Area North Essex Garden Communities 5km Buffer Zone North Essex Garden Communities North Essex Garden Communities Urban Area Waterbody A Road B Road

AECOM 69 B1068 Minor Road Railway (! Railway Station Local Nature Partnership B1087 Boundary

Local Nature Reserve

Special Protection Area B1070 SSSI Ramsar A134 Country Parks Woodpasture and Parkland A137 Ancient Woodland National Forest Inventory B1352

B1508 B1352 B1035

A1232

A12

A1124 A120 B1029

A134

A133

B1026

B1408 ² A133 A120 B1028 B1027 0 0.5 1 2 B1022 B1025 Kilometers Ecological Designations - North Colchester North Essex Garden Communities North Essex Garden Communities Concept Feasibility Study - Baseline Compendium Colchester Borough Council, Braintree District Council, Tendring District Council and Essex County Council

3.10 Parks, Recreation and Historic Environment

Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Contains, or is based on, information supplied by Historic England. Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Contains, or is based on, information supplied by Historic England. Legend Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Contains, or is based on, information supplied by Historic England. Legend LegendSite Study Area Site Study Area 5kmSite Buffer Study Zone Area Key Findings 5km Buffer Zone District5km Buffer / Borough Zone Boundary District / Borough Boundary UrbanDistrict Area / Borough Boundary Babergh District Urban Area Babergh District WaterbodyUrban Area Babergh District Waterbody −− Many places in the Site Study Area, the field pattern reflects the geometric A RoadWaterbody A Road form of the former World War II Boxted RAF Airfield’s runways (1). RAF B1068 B RoadA Road B1068 B Road Boxted closed in 1947 and the remains of the airfield are now on private B1068 MinorB Road Road Minor Road RailwayMinor Road agricultural land. Railway (! RailwayRailway Station B1087 (! Railway Station B1087 (! ScheduledRailway Station Monument −− There are concentrations of Grade II listed buildings within the villages B1087 Scheduled Monument RegisteredScheduled Parks Monument & Gardens Langham Moore (2) and Langham (3) to the north of the Site Study Area. Registered Parks & Gardens CountryRegistered Parks Parks & Gardens Four further Grade II listed buildings are located along Langham Lane, Old Country Parks B1070 Listed BuildingsCountry Parks - Grade B1070 Listed Buildings - Grade Horse Lane and Lodge Lane. B1070 ^_ListedI Buildings - Grade ^_ I A134 ^_ I −− To the south of the site and the A12 there is a green finger that extends A134 ^_ II A134 ^_ II from the countryside into the town consisting of the playing fields of A137 ^_^_II*II A137 ^_ II* Colchester Rugby Club (4), the historic gardens of Severalls Hospital (5) A137 ^_ II* B1352 and the extensive High Woods Country Park (6). B1352 B1352

B1508 Colchester 2 B1508 Colchester B1352 B1508 BoroughColchester Borough B1352 Borough 3 B1352B1035 B1035 B1035 1

4 A1232 A1232 5 A1232

Tendring District A12 Tendring District A12 Tendring District A12 Tendring District

A1124 A120 A1124 6 B1029 Sources A1124 A120 B1029 A120 B1029 A134 A134 −− Colchester Borough Council Country Parks and LNRs (accessed through A134 A133 http://www.colchester.gov.uk/article/11794/Country-Parks-and-Local- A133 A133 Nature-Reserves)

B1026 −− OS Terrain 50 B1026 B1026 B1408 ² B1408 A133 ² B1408 −− Natural England GIS Digital Boundary Datasets B1028 A133 ² A120 B1027 A133 0 0.5 1 2 B1022 B1028 A120 B1025 B1027 0 0.5 1 2 A120 B1022 B1028 B1027 0 0.5 1 2 −− Historic England B1022 B1025 Kilometers B1025 Kilometers Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Contains, or is based on, informationKilometers supplied by Historic England. Heritage Assets Figure- North 60: North ColchesterColchester Recreational and Heritage Assets. Source: English Heritage / Natural England Legend HeritageHeritage Assets -Assets North -Colchester North Colchester Site Study Area North Essex Garden Communities 5km Buffer Zone North EssexNorth Garden Essex Communities Garden Communities District / Borough Boundary Urban Area Babergh District Waterbody A Road 70 AECOM B1068 B Road Minor Road Railway (! Railway Station B1087 Scheduled Monument Registered Parks & Gardens Country Parks B1070 Listed Buildings - Grade ^_ I A134 ^_ II A137 ^_ II*

B1352

B1508 Colchester Borough B1352 B1035

A1232

Tendring District A12 Tendring District

A1124 A120 B1029

A134

A133

B1026

B1408 ² A133 A120 B1028 B1027 0 0.5 1 2 B1022 B1025 Kilometers Heritage Assets - North Colchester North Essex Garden Communities Colchester Borough Council, Braintree District Council, Tendring District Council and Essex County Council North Essex Garden Communities Concept Feasibility Study - Baseline Compendium

3.11 Water Cycle

Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Contains Environment Agency information © Environment Agency and database right Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Contains Environment Agency information © Environment Agency and database right Legend Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Contains Environment Agency information © Environment Agency and database right Legend LegendSite Study Area B o Site Study Area B x DistrictSite Study / Borough Area Boundary B o Key Findings x o District / Borough Boundary x 5kmDistrict Buffer / Borough Zone Boundary 5km Buffer Zone Urban5km Buffer Area Zone Babergh District S Babergh District B t utton Urban Area Baberghr District S Babergh District B B WaterbodyUrban Area e t Babergh District S roo utton Babergh District B t r k t tu B Waterbody e tton ro −− Several surface water features are within the Site Study Area, including two r o t B k AWaterbody Road e r t oo t k t A Road irrigation reservoirs (1), four small ponds in the south-east of the Site Study B1068 BA RoadRoad B1068 B Road Area near Lodge Lane, the Salary brook forming the southern boundary B1068 MinorB Road Road Minor Road RailwayMinor Road and two unnamed streams, one adjacent to the irrigation reservoirs and Railway (! RailwayRailway Station one to the north-east of the site. B1087 (! Railway Station B1087 Watercourse(! Railway Ecological Station Quality B1087 Watercourse Ecological Quality WatercourseModerate Ecological Quality −− The Environment Agency’s Flood Zone mapping extends along Salary Moderate Poor amarsh Moderate (L - ) Poor Brook, with a narrow corridor of Flood Zone 3 along the southern boundaryur R. amarsh et t B1070 o a Br (L - . Br ) Flood RiskPoor from Rivers & Sea t Lam rsh et r R. Stour (d/s R t t ( - tu Br ) Bre B1070 Flood Risk from Rivers & Sea of the Site Study Area (2), adjacent to Kiln Wood. The flood risk is howeverS r R. o) e t t Stour (d/s R. u Br t tt . Bre B1070 Flood HighRisk from Rivers & Sea o eS ) Stour (d/s R t tt High S ) categorised as very low. A134 MediumHigh A134 Medium A134 LowMedium A137 Low −− The Salary Brook flows west to east along the southern boundary into A137VeryLow Low A137 Very Low Ardleigh Reservoir (outside the Site Study Area). It is a highly modified 3 Very Low B1352 water course with moderate ecological potential. It has been identified as Colchester B1352 Colchester B1352 at risk from further ecological deterioration. Black Brook (3) runs 500m to ColchesterBorough Borough the north of the Site Study Area, a main tributary of the River Stour. B1508 Borough B1508 B1508 B1352 B1352 −− The entire Site Study Area sits within: B1352B1035 - B1035 - Surface and groundwater nitrate vulnerability zones B1035 - - Drinking water protection zone 1

−− Much of the Site Study Area sits on Thames Group bedrock (London Clay) with the majority overlain by glacial till. The clay, silt, sand and gravel have led to the presence of a secondary aquifer beneath the majority of the site. 2 Br nd oo −− Surface water networks are at capacity and potential developments will Holla k Br nd oo Bro olla k A1232 and o H need to deal with their surface run-off in a way that does not impose A1232 Holl k A1232 any additional load on the system. In practice, this means that surface water cannot be discharged to the existing disposal network. The use A12 A12 Tendring District of infiltration SuDS may be restricted due to impedance from the soil A12 Tendring District k Tendring District o Tendring District structure. This could be beneficial for onsite water storage for reuse. o k r k o B o o y r r ro B a y A1124 al B r S ry la A120 B1029 A1124 er) la a A120 A1124 Co orn a S B1029 lne ( s C ner) S A120 B1029 d/s D oe' Coelr) or Co rn ne (d s C lne Co A134/s D oe' (d/s D oe's A134 A134 A133 A133 A133

i x S

p i S B1026 e x i p n iver x B1026 p e Roman R n n iver B1026 e y R n e B1408Roman n B iv r y Ro n R n r ² ma B1408 o B y o A133 r ² B1408 B k o B1028 r o A133 ² B1027 o A120 k 0 0.5 1 2 o A133 B1022 B1028 A120 B1025 B1027k 0 0.5 1 2 Sources A120 B1022 B1028 B1027 0 0.5 1 2 B1022 B1025 Kilometers B1025 Kilometers Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Contains Environment Agency information © Environment Agency and database right Kilometers Legend −− Natural England - GIS Digital Boundary Datasets Water Cycle - NorthFigure 61: Colchester North Colchester Ecological Designations. Source: Natural England / Environment Agency Site Study Area Water Cycle - North Colchester B Water Cycle - North Colchester o −− OS Terrain 50 North Essex Garden Communities x District / Borough Boundary North EssexNorth Garden Essex Communities Garden Communities 5km Buffer Zone Urban Area −− Environment Agency Geostore Babergh District S Babergh District B t utton r B Waterbody e roo t k t A Road

AECOM B106871 B Road Minor Road Railway (! Railway Station B1087 Watercourse Ecological Quality Moderate Poor Lamarsh r ( - R t) u . B ret B1070 Flood Risk from Rivers & Sea o re Stour (d/s R. B t tt S ) High

A134 Medium Low A137 Very Low

B1352 Colchester Borough

B1508 B1352 B1035

d Bro Hollan ok A1232

A12 Tendring District k o ro B ry a A1124 al S A120 B1029 er) Co rn lne Co (d/s D oe's A134

A133

i x

B1026 e iver n Roman R n y B1408 B r ² o

o A133

k A120 B1028 B1027 0 0.5 1 2 B1022 B1025 Kilometers Water Cycle - North Colchester North Essex Garden Communities North Essex Garden Communities Concept Feasibility Study - Baseline Compendium Colchester Borough Council, Braintree District Council, Tendring District Council and Essex County Council

3.12 Movement and Connectivity

Key Findings Key Bus 2 −− Several existing public rights of ways, footpaths and bridleways cross Study area the southern part of the site. The bridleway links Old Ipswich Road and Langham Lane. The footpaths connect into existing footways on Old A Road Ipswich Road. There is a network of footpaths around the existing village of Langham, linking Park Lane and School Road. B Road

−− There are no footways along Langham Lane or on Severalls Lane south Identified traffic issue of its junction with Langham Lane, but a footway is provided as Severalls Lane approaches the A12 bridge. Just south of the A12, there are footways Road > 100% stress 22 and a footway/cycleway along Severalls Lane which continue along Axial 1 A Proposed widening Way and Severalls Lane, towards the roundabout with Mill Road. A Existing Park&Ride −− National Cycle Route NCN 1 runs along Langham Lane to the immediate P west of the site. NCN 1 is a long distance cycle route that runs from Strategic bus route/bus stop Cheltenham to Ipswich through Colchester. South of the A12, NCN1 also Bus 93/93X/94 forms part of the local ‘High Woods Route’, a cycle route that runs from 1000 car Bus NEx 250/481 Local bus route/bus stop Axial Way to Colchester town centre, via Highwoods. parking spaces Bus 247 Bus service (segregated −− Bus routes 93/93C/ 94/94A/ 94C/X96, 971, 247/247A, 194 and 801 operate sections) to Colchester TC within the vicinity of the site.

−− The new Park and Ride facility operates from a facility at the J28 on the A12 National cycle network (opened in April 2015), with capacity for 1,000 cars. Buses leave the Park Colchester cycle network and Ride site at least every 15 minutes from Monday to Saturday, with bus P priority measures along the route and journey times of as little as 8 minutes Existing access to site to Colchester station and 12 minutes to the town centre. A1 Bus 8 20 −− Within the Colchester Local Plan provision is made for a dedicated bus corridor to support development in North Colchester. This is anticipated to be delivered on the back of the consented 1,500 new dwellings at Severalls Hospital. Figure 62: North Colchester Movement Network. AECOM.

−− Old Ipswich Road, Langham Lane and Park Lane provide the key points of vehicular access to the site. Due to the nature of the roads, pedestrian footway provision is poor.

−− The HA in their A12 / A120 Route Based Strategy March 2013’ identify that the section of the A12 at Junctions 28/29 experiences high volumes of congestion. Improvements to the A12 are proposed along this section through DfT funding which will see widening to 3 lanes both directions.

72 AECOM Colchester Borough Council, Braintree District Council, Tendring District Council and Essex County Council North Essex Garden Communities Concept Feasibility Study - Baseline Compendium

SWOT - Strategic network

Strengths Weaknesses Opportunities Constraints Level of noise and pollution from road network. Utilise junction 28 as access to the site

High levels of peak period traffic stress on the A12 and Provide high quality crossings for active modes and public Direct access to the A12 via J28 south of the site, with A12 specifically near junction 29 transport over the A12 to tackle this severance. Impact on the role of the strategic highway infrastructure likely spare capacity. Severance created between the site and employment/ Upgrades to the A12 proposed to accommodate growth leisure zone south of A12 Direct, quick and frequent service to Chelmsford and Car orientated development to prevail if site isn’t Distance between site and rail station. Requires two-leg London (westbound), Ipswich and Norwich (eastbound). connected to a rail network journey in order to utilise rail Improve connections between public transport and cycle Unlikely that the future capacity of the GEML will GEML network running through the site which in turn improve Colchester station accessible via the existing P&R bus accommodate continued demand as establish within the Current and future capacity issues on GEML connections to the rail station. service, local buses and the cycle network. Anglia Route Study

Existing P&R ride bus service in close proximity to the site, links Colchester station and the town centre. Increase the number of existing services to provide greater frequency. Provides a frequent service (every 10 to 15minutes) Bus connectivity across the site as a whole is currently A car orientated development will prevail if a bus network Bus network understandably poor, concentrated to the western edge Integrate bus services within the site - all parts of the through the site and connections to rail based transport Existing local bus services on Western edge of the site development located within walking distance of a stop provide potential connectivity.

Develop a comprehensive walking and cycling network within the site

Improve linkages between site and existing Colchester A car orientated development will prevail with short A car orientated development will prevail if a bus network No viable pedestrian or cycle routes cross the site Cycle network cycle network distance trips dominated by car use without clear through the site and connections to rail based transport currently with the exception of NCN51 integration of cycle and pedestrian infrastructure Provide additional/ cycle/pedestrian crossings over the A12

AECOM 73 North Essex Garden Communities Concept Feasibility Study - Baseline Compendium Colchester Borough Council, Braintree District Council, Tendring District Council and Essex County Council

3.13 Social Infrastructure - Education

Essex County Council has developed a Commissioning School Places in Essex The 5km boundary of North of Colchester overlaps two local authorities 2015-2020, published February 2016. This provides information related to future (Colchester and Tendring). For the following social infrastructure review, both pupil numbers and where further expansion will be required to meet housing local authorities will be considered in assessing the current situation, committed demands. infrastructure and future issues.

Key Findings - Primary Key Findings - Secondary Key Findings - Further Education

Current Situation within 5km Boundary (May 2016) Current Situation within 5km Boundary (May 2016) Current Situation within 5km Boundary (May 2016)

6 10 3,526 39 2,194 3 Further Secondary Schools Surplus/Deficit Places Primary Schools Surplus Places Schools within Site Education Study Area

Committed Infrastructure within 5km Boundary Committed Infrastructure within 5km Boundary Committed Infrastructure within 5km Boundary

−− There are 3 Primary Schools either committed or planned within Colchester −− A broad strategic plan for the expansion of secondary provision in −− There is no identified Further Education infrastructure identified within the urban area, with no primary school facilities proposed within the Site Study Colchester was adopted in 2013 for the period 2015-2019. This has 5km radius of North of Colchester Area. seen the recent expansion of The Gilberd School, using S106 funding. In the longer term, Year 7 intakes in Colchester are forecast to rise from Future and Wider Issues FE Location Delivery Mechanism September 2017 onwards and options are being explored in collaboration −− The minimum age at which young people in England can leave learning Commitment with the schools in Colchester to provide additional places required. increased in 2013, requiring young people to continue education or 2FE Severalls Hospital Committed training to the end of the academic year in which they turn 17. This has (420 S106 −− There is 1 secondary school committed for Colchester, in which this Development Site (Sept 2016) pupils) school does not have an identified capacity been followed with a policy beginning in 2015 where all young people must remain in learning to their 18th birthday, This is referred to as Raising the North Colchester Growth - No Commitment S106 −− There are no secondary schools committed within Tendring in the 5km Participation Age (RPA). Area radius of North of Colchester. −− This puts more pressure on the local authorities to ensure and provide 3FE Expansion of St John’s Green Form of Entry Location Delivery Mechanism options for young people to learn the skills required. Local authorities have (630 No Commitment S106 Primary School Commitment the duty to: pupils) −− Promote effective participation in education or training to young Table 14: Committed Primary Infrastructure. Source: Commissioning School Places in Essex North 2015-2016 - Colchester Committed S106 people; Growth Area −− Ensure that sufficient places are available to meet the reasonable Table 15: Committed Secondary Infrastructure. Source: Commissioning School Places in Essex needs of all young people and encourage them to participate; and Future and Wider Issues 2015-2016 −− Make available to young people support that will allow them to Future and Wider Issues −− The Commissioning Plan forecasts an increase of 1,369 primary school pupils participate in education or training. between 2015-2020 for Colchester, in which there is a forecast surplus of 890 −− The Commissioning Plan forecasts an increase of 406 secondary school places across the local authority by 2020. pupils between 2015-2020 for Colchester, in which there is a forecast −− Proposed growth at North Colchester would create a significant requirement surplus of 954 places across the local authority by 2020 for primary school places, therefore proposals coming forward would need to Sources −− Essex County Council are seeking contributions from housing developers consider the delivery of future education infrastructure provision. towards the cost of providing the additional places required for the pupils −− Essex County Council are seeking contributions from housing developers generated by new housing. −− Department of Education, Edubase Portal (May 2016) towards the cost of providing the additional places required for the pupils generated by new housing. −− Commissioning School Places in Essex 2015-2020

74 AECOM Colchester Borough Council, Braintree District Council, Tendring District Council and Essex County Council North Essex Garden Communities Concept Feasibility Study - Baseline Compendium

Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Legend Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Legend LegendSite Study Area Site Study Area 5kmSite Buffer Study Zone Area Primary School Capacity Analysis Secondary School Capacity Analysis 5km Buffer Zone District5km Buffer / Borough Zone Boundary Babergh District District / Borough Boundary Surplus / Secondary School Surplus / Babergh District WoodlandDistrict / Borough Boundary Primary School Name Capacity Label Capacity Label Babergh District Woodland Deficit Name Deficit UrbanWoodland Area UrbanLangham Area Oaks 64 64 P1 The Gilberd School 1,500 157 S1 !H TownUrban Area !H Town B1068 !H WaterbodyTown Langham Primary School 112 8 P2 St Helena School 1,000 176 S2 B1068 Waterbody P39 B1068 A WaterbodyRoad Homestead School 0 0 P3 Sir Charles Lucas Arts P39 A Road 1,226 1,226 S3 A!P39 A Road College A! B Road Brinkley Grove Primary A! B Road 421 2 P4 MinorB Road Road School Colchester Academy 1,200 551 S4 B1087 P16 Minor Road B1087 P16 RailwayMinor Road B1087 A!P16 Myland Community Colchester Royal A! Railway 335 -1 P5 777 -79 S5 ! (! RailwayRailway Station Primary School Grammar School A (! Railway Station (! Railway Station Primary School - Camulos Academy 420 420 P6 St Benedict's Catholic Surplus/Deficit Primary School - 840 17 S6 B1070 Primary School - Surplus/Deficit College B1070 North East Essex P28 B1070 Surplus/Deficit P28 ! -180 - -50 Additional Provision 152 108 P7 Colchester County High A!P28 A A! A! -180 - -50 874 65 S7 A134 A! A! -180 - -50 School School for Girls A134 A! -49 - 0 A134 P18 ! -49The - 0 Bishop William Ward Philip Morant School and P9 A P18 A137 -49 - 0 210 14 P8 1,602 -35 S8 P9 A! A!P18 A! A1371 - 50 CofE Primary School College A!P9 ! A137 A! 1 - 50 A! A ! 1 - 50 A! A! A Boxted St Peter's CofE B1352 A! 51 - 200 210 46 P9 TOTAL 9,019 2,078 P1 P3 B1352 A! 51 School- 200 P2 P1 P3 ! 51 - 200 P2 B1352 A A!P1 P3 ! A!P2 ! St John's CofE Voluntary A! !A A! ! 201 - 350 !A A! A A ! 201Controlled - 350 Primary 210 -31 P10 A ! 201 - 350 A B1508 A School, Colchester B1508 Colchester Colchester B1352 B1508 BoroughColchester Highwoods Community Borough ! 351B1352 - 750 420 -30 P11 B1352B1035 A 351 - 750 Borough ! Primary School ! 351 - 750B1035 A B1035 A Secondary School - The Queen Boudica Secondary School - 420 63 P12 Surplus/Deficit Primary School Further Education Facility Label Secondary School - Surplus/Deficit Surplus/Deficit Friars Grove Primary %, -180 - -50 420 4 P13 Colchester Institute F1 %, -180School - -50 %, -180 - -50 P14 %, -49 - 0 University of Essex F2 P8 P14 %, -49St -Mary's 0 CofE Voluntary P8 A!P14 %, -49 - 0 A!P8 A! %, 1 - 50 The Sixth Form College Colchester F3 A! A! %, 1 Controlled- 50 Primary 113 -2 P14 ! %, 1 - 50 A %, 51 - 250 School, Ardleigh Colchester Royal Grammar School (Sixth Form) F4 %, 51 - 250 51 - 250 %, Braiswick Primary School 420 420 P15 Colchester County High School for Girls (Sixth F5 %, 251 - 1000 Form) S1 P4 A1232 %, 251Stratford - 1000 St Mary S1 P4 A1232 %, 251 - 1000 105 35 P16 S1 A1232 Primary School P23 P6 P7 %,A!P4 Philip Morant School and College (Sixth Form) F6 P23 P5 P6 P7 %,A! A!P23 P6 A!P5 Colchester Borough A! !P7 P11%, 1001 - 2050 Parsons Heath CofE A! P5A %, Colchester Borough A! A! A!P10 P11 %,1001Voluntary - 2050 Controlled 210 8 P17 ! P10 Colchester Borough A12 A A!P11 1001 - 2050 Colchester Borough A! A! Tendring District %, ! !P10 Tendring District A12 A A A! ! ! Tendring District Primary School A12 A P12 A! A ! Tendring District P12A ! Further Education P12 A Dedham CofE Voluntary P15 ! A! Further Education AP15 A!P13 A! Further Education Controlled Primary 209 11 P18 P15 A! P13 A!P13 P17 School ! ! P17 A1124 A A ! ! !P17 A120 A1124 A P20 A A P19 B1029 ! ! A120 Roach Vale Primary A1124 A P21 P20 A P19 B1029 !! S3 P21 A120 210 15 P19 P20 S4AAP25P19 B1029 School A!P21 ! S3 S2 P22 ! S4AP25 A ! S3 A! S2 P22 S4A!AP25 ! F1 ! A A St Anne's Primary School S2 A!P22 ! A! P41 F1 A %, 280 280 P20 %, A! P24%,! P41 F1 A %, and Nursery %, P24 F3A! P27 %, P41 ! %, %, P24 A133 A F3 P38 P32 %,P27 A! P26 ! P30 A133 F3 P29 A P31 ! P38 P26 A!P27 P32 P30 Willow Brook Primary A P35 ! A133 A! P29 P31 P38 A P32 A! 210 -31 P21 ! !P26 P30 A A P35 ! A!P29 ! !P31 A P34 P36 ! A School and Nursery S5 A !P35 F4 !P37 A! A A!A!A! ! A P34 P36 A A S5 ! ! A! F4! P37 !A A!A F5 S7! !P34 P33 A A A P36 S5A ! S6 A F4%, P37 A! !A North Primary School F5 S7 A ! ! ! P33 A!A A!S6 A %,A 420 -30 P22 F5 S7 ! ! ! P33 %,S6%,A A A!A A! and Nursery !F6 %,! AS8 !P40 A !%, A A%, F2 !F6 %, AS8 P40 %, F2 !F6 B1408 %,AS8 !P40 Heathlands CofE Primary ! A F2 ² B1408 A %, ! 350 -49 P23 ! A A! A133 ²School, West Bergholt B1408 %, ! A A! A A! A133² A120 A! B1028 B1027 A133 0 0.5 1 2 A120 B1022 B1028 B1027 0 0.5 Hazelmere1 Junior2 School 240 42 P24 A120 B1022 B1025 B1028 B1027 0 0.5 1 2 B1022 B1025 B1025 Kilometers Hazelmere Infant School Kilometers 180 -25 P25 Kilometers and Nursery Figure 63: North Colchester Edcuation Context. Source: Edubase (2016) Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Education Edu - Nortcationh Colchester - North Colchester TOTAL 6,341 1,341 Legend Education - North Colchester Site Study Area North Essex GardenNorth Communities Essex Garden Communities 5km Buffer Zone North Essex Garden Communities District / Borough Boundary Babergh District Woodland Urban Area !H Town AECOM B1068 75 Waterbody A!P39 A Road B Road Minor Road B1087 P16 A! Railway (! Railway Station Primary School - B1070 Surplus/Deficit P28 A! A! -180 - -50 A134 A! -49 - 0 P18 P9 A137 A! A! A! 1 - 50

B1352 A! 51 - 200 P1 P3 A!A! A!P2 A! 201 - 350 B1508 Colchester Borough B1352 ! 351 - 750 B1035 A

Secondary School - Surplus/Deficit

%, -180 - -50

P14 %, -49 - 0 P8 A! A! %, 1 - 50 %, 51 - 250

%, 251 - 1000 S1 P4 A1232

P23 P6 P7 %,A! A! P5 Colchester Borough A! A! P11 %,1001 - 2050 ! P10 A12 A A! A! Tendring District P12 A! Further Education P15 A! !P13 ! A P17 A1124 A P20 A! P19 A120 B1029 P21 A! S3 A! S4 P25 S2 P22 A! A! F1 A! P41 %, %, P24%, F3 A133 A! P27 ! P38 P26 P32 P30 A P29 A! P31 ! P35 A! A! ! ! A P34 P36 A A F4 S5 P37 A! A!A! F5 S7! ! P33 S6 A %,A %,%, A!A! A! !F6 AS8 P40 F2 B1408 %,! A! ² A A! A133 A120 B1028 B1027 0 0.5 1 2 B1022 B1025 Kilometers Edu cation - North Colchester North Essex Garden Communities North Essex Garden Communities Concept Feasibility Study - Baseline Compendium Colchester Borough Council, Braintree District Council, Tendring District Council and Essex County Council

Social Infrastructure - Health

Key Findings Key Findings Key Findings

Current Situation within 5km Boundary (May 2016) Committed Infrastructure within 5km Boundary Future and Wider Issues

11 4 −− A review of the Colchester Community Infrastructure Levy: Evidence −− North of Colchester sits within North Essex Clinical Commissioning Group, GP Hospitals Base (2011) identified that all projects in the pipeline related to healthcare which is an NHS organisation set up by the Health and Social Care Act Practices infrastructure have been abandoned, so at present there are no identified 2012 to organise the delivery of NHS services in England. health infrastructure needs. −− The CCGs receives funding and are commissioned by NHS England −− Following a review of the Tendring Infrastructure Delivery Plan (2013), there to provide primary care services (including GPs), in turn the CCGs GPs are no identified healthcare infrastructure projects within a 5km radius of commission most services in their areas to trusts that include hospital and −− There are 11 GP practices identified within 5km of North Colchester. North of Colchester community healthcare. These facilities are all located to the south of the development area within −− This assessment will review the strategy for North East Essex CCG to Colchester, with no facilities within the redline boundary. understand the future issues facing healthcare in Essex. −− There is an overall surplus in provision of GPs across the wider 5km North Essex Clinical Commissioning Group buffer zone with 19,556 patient spaces. However, this is a theoretical assessment, and the actual pressures are more pressing. It can be seen −− North Essex CCG 5-year plan will look to put people at the centre by that at least 2 of the current facilities have a poor patient to GP ratio, commissioning around the needs of people, rather than the service. in which further development will put increased pressure on existing capacity. −− It is projected that demand for older people’s services over the next 5-10 years will increase by roughly 20,000 people (those over the age of 55). Hospitals −− In addition, the health and social care system faces considerable financial −− There are currently four hospitals identified within 5km of East of challenges over the coming years. The CCG will look to commission Colchester, of which one is located in close proximity to the development integrated health and social care services, promote prevention and early intervention, and promoting self-care to begin diminishing the burden.

Sources Sources Sources

−− NHS England, MyNHS Portal datasets (May 2016) −− Tendring Infrastructure Delivery Plan (2013) −− North Essex Clinical Commissioning Group

−− Health and Social Care Information Centre (HSCIC) dataset (January 2016) −− Colchester Community Infrastructure Levy (2011)

76 AECOM Colchester Borough Council, Braintree District Council, Tendring District Council and Essex County Council North Essex Garden Communities Concept Feasibility Study - Baseline Compendium

Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Legend Legend LegendSite Study Area Site Study Area 5kmSite Buffer Study Zone Area GP Capacity Analysis Hospitals 5km Buffer Zone District / Borough Boundary 5km Buffer Zone Full Time Babergh District District / Borough Boundary WoodlandDistrict / Borough Boundary Surplus / Hospital Name Label WoodlandPractice Name Equivalent Patients Capacity Label Babergh District UrbanWoodland Area Deficit Babergh District Urban Area GP’s Colchester General !H TownUrban Area H1 Hospital WaterbodyBluebell Surgery 3 3,226 4,752 1,526 G1 B1068 WaterbodyWaterbody B1068 P39 A Road Oaks Hospital H2 B1068 A RoadA Road Highwoods Surgery 3 6,092 5,400 -692 G2 A! B Road Cambian Fairview B RoadB Road Mill Road Surgery 7 11,792 12,600 808 G3 H3 Minor Road Hospital Minor Road B1087 Minor Road P16 RailwayNorth Colchester B1087 Railway 4 4,480 7,200 2,720 G4 Essex County Hospital H4 B1087 A! Railway Healthcare Centre (! Railway Station (!(!Railway Station Railway Station The Ardleigh Surgery 5 6,832 9,000 2,168 G5 Primary School - "' HospitalParsons Heath Medical B1070 Surplus/Deficit"' Hospital 7 4 12,600 12,596 G6 B1070 Centre P28 B1070 GP - Surplus/Deficit A! A!GP - Surplus/Deficit-180 - -50 Hawthorn Surgery 2 4,778 2,700 -2,078 G7 A134 GF - 4000 - -2000 A134 GFA! -49- 4000 - 0 - -2000 North Hill Medical Group 8 13,272 13,950 678 G8 A134 P18 P9 A137 ! A1371 - 50 Colchester Medical A! A! A GF -1999 - -1000 5 8,662 9,000 338 G9 A137 GF -1999 - -1000 Practice B1352 A! 51 - 200 GF -999 - 0 P3 Creffield Medical Centre 7 11,446 12,600 1,154 G10 P1 P2 GFB1352-999 - 0 B1352 A! ! GF 0 - 1000TOTAL 50 70,584 89,802 19,218 A! A 0 - 1000 A!GF 201 - 350 GF 1001 - 2000 B1508 Colchester GF 1001 - 2000 B1508 Colchester B1508 Borough B1352 ! 351B1352 - 750 GF 2001 - 12600 B1352B1035 A Colchester GF 2001 - 12600 Colchester B1035 Borough B1035 Borough Secondary School - Surplus/Deficit

%, -180 - -50 G5 P14 G5 %, -49 - 0 P8 A! A! %, 1 - 50 H3 H3 %, 51 - 250

%, 251 - 1000 S1 P4 A1232 G1 A1232 G1 A1232 P23 P6 P7 %,A! A! P5 Colchester Borough ! A! P11 G3 1001 - 2050 A G2 %, G3 P10 ! G2 A12 A A! H1 Tendring District Tendring District A12 H1 A! TendringTendring District District P12 Colchester Borough A12 G4 Colchester Borough G4 H2 A! Further Education P15 A!H2 !P13 ! A P17 A1124 A A1124 P20 A! P19 A120 B1029 A1124 P21 G6 A120 B1029 A!G6S3 A120 B1029 A! S4 P25 S2 P22 A! A! F1 A! A134 P41 %, %, A134 P24%, G7 F3 A133 A! P27 G7 A! P38 P26 G8 P32 P30 P29 A133 G8 A! P31 G9 ! A133 P35 A! A! ! G9 ! A P34 P36 A A F4 S5 P37 A! H4 A!A! H4 F5 S7! ! P33 S6 A %,A %,%, A!A! A! !F6 AS8 P40 G10 F2 G10 B1408 %,! A! ² B1408 A A! A133 ² B1408 A133² A120 B1028 B1027 A133 0 0.5 1 2 A120 B1022 B1028 B1027 0 0.5 1 2 B1022 B1025 B1028 B1027 A120 B1025 0 0.5 1 2 B1022 Kilometers B1025 Kilometers Kilometers Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Education Health - North Figure- ColchesterNorth 64: East Colchester Colchester / West Tendring Health Infrastructure Context. Source: MyNHS, HSCIC Legend Health - North Colchester Site Study Area North Essex Garden Communities North Essex Garden Communities 5km Buffer Zone North Essex Garden Communities District / Borough Boundary Woodland Babergh District Urban Area Waterbody AECOM B1068 77 A Road B Road Minor Road

B1087 Railway (! Railway Station

"' Hospital B1070 GP - Surplus/Deficit

A134 GF - 4000 - -2000

A137 GF -1999 - -1000

GF -999 - 0 B1352 GF 0 - 1000

GF 1001 - 2000 B1508 B1352 GF 2001 - 12600 Colchester B1035 Borough

G1 A1232

G3 G2 H1 Tendring District A12 Colchester Borough G4 Colchester Borough H2

A1124 G6 A120 B1029

A134 G7

G8 A133 G9

G10 B1408 ² A133 A120 B1028 B1027 0 0.5 1 2 B1022 B1025 Kilometers Health - North Colchester North Essex Garden Communities North Essex Garden Communities Concept Feasibility Study - Baseline Compendium Colchester Borough Council, Braintree District Council, Tendring District Council and Essex County Council

Social Infrastructure - Community Facilities and Emergency Services

Key Findings Key Findings Key Findings

Current Situation within 5km Boundary (May 2016) Committed Social Infrastructure within 5km Boundary Future and Wider Issues

−− A review of Tendring’s infrastructure Delivery Plan (2013) has not identified −− A review of ambulance services has identified a change in the future model 2 1 2 any future projects within the 5km radius of North of Colchester within of ambulance provision by the early 2020s within the East of England’s Ambulance Police Fire Tendring as it relates to community facilities and emergency services. Ambulance Services. This involves a hub and spoke service in order to Station Station Station meet demand from existing population. Traditional ambulance stations act −− A review of the Colchester Community Infrastructure Levy Evidence Base as the main hubs of service, with smaller 24/7 posts acting as the spoke. (2011) identification of key projects related to community facilities has 7 2 identified the following within a 5km radius of North of Colchester: −− Further work will need to determine whether the capacity of the existing Community 2 Youth emergency services can cope with the forecast increase in population. Centres Libraries Centres Infrastructure Item Source Location Cost Delivery −− Further work will need to determine whether the capacity of the existing (£m) Body community facilities can cope with the forecast increase in population. −− Across the wider 5km buffer zone, the analysis identifies 5 emergency CIL Developer / However, it is likely that future development at North of Colchester would Sports & Recreation North stations comprising two ambulance stations, 2 fire stations and 1 police Evidence 6.9 Colchester need to provide some community offer. Facility Colchester station. Base (2011) BC CIL Developer / Libraries Sports & Recreation Wivenhoe and Evidence 1.4 Colchester Facility Rowhedge −− There are two libraries within Colchester that are within the 5km wider area Base (2011) BC of the North of Colchester site, both of which are over 4km away. CIL Developer / Sports & Recreation Colchester Evidence 9.3 Colchester Youth Centres Facility Town Base (2011) BC −− There are two youth centres within 5km of North of Colchester. However, Community Hall and CIL Developer / North Growth neither youth centres is within close proximity to the development. New Community Evidence 1.6 Colchester Area Centre Base (2011) BC Community Centres CIL Developer / Sports & Recreation East −− There are at least severn community centres within 5km of the Evidence 3 Colchester Facility Colchester development. These centres range in services provided, but are largely Base (2011) BC stand alone centres with one room. Two of the community centres are CIL Developer / close to the deveopment North of Colchester. Sports & Recreation Evidence Stanway 4 Colchester Facility Base (2011) BC

Table 16: Comitted Social Infrastructure. Source: Colchester Community Infrastructure Levy Evidence Base (2011)

Sources Sources Sources

−− East of England Ambulance Services, Essex Police, Essex County Fire & −− Tendring IDP (2013) −− East of England Ambulance Services Rescue Services −− Colchester Community Infrastructure Levy (2011) −− Essex Police −− Google maps to identify community facilities, libraries and youth centres −− Essex County Fire & Rescue Services

78 AECOM Colchester Borough Council, Braintree District Council, Tendring District Council and Essex County Council North Essex Garden Communities Concept Feasibility Study - Baseline Compendium

%, -180 - -50

P14 %, -49 - 0 P8 A! A! %, 1 - 50 C2 C1 C2 %, 51 - 250 C1

%, 251 - 1000 S1 P4 A1232 C3 A1232 C3 A1232 P23 P6 P7 %,A! A! P5 Colchester Borough A! A! P11 %,1001 - 2050 P10 C4 C5 ! C4 A12 A A! C6 C5 A12 A!C6 Tendring District Tendring District A12 P12 Tendring District A! Further Education Colchester Borough P15 Colchester Borough A! Colchester Borough !P13 ! A P17 A1124 A A1124 P20 A! P19 A120 B1029 A1124 P21 A120 B1029 E1 ! S3 A120 S4AP25 B1029 E1 A! S2 P22 A! !A F1 ! Y A A A134 "% P41 %, %, Y P24 A134 "% %, ! F3 P27 C7 A133 A C7 A! P38 P26 C8 C9 P32 P30 E5 A133 P29 ! P31 A133 P35 E4 ! C8 C9 A E5 A ! E4 A! ! C10 ! A P34 P36 A A S5 ! F4 P37 A! !A "&CY C10 E2 A "% E2 F5 S7! A! P33 "&C"%Y S6 A %,A! ! ! E3 %, A A "$g C11 %, E3 !F6 C11 P40 g AS8 "$ F2 "&C B1408 %,! A! "&C ² B1408 A A! A133 ² B1408 A133² A120 B1028 B1027 A133 0 0.5 1 2 A120 B1022 B1028 B1027 0 0.5 1 2 B1022 B1025 B1028 B1027 A120 B1025 0 0.5 1 2 B1022 Kilometers B1025 Kilometers Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Kilometers Legend Education - NorthFigure Colchester 65: Marks Tey Community Facilities and Emergency Services. Source: East Of England Ambulance Services, Essex Police, Essex County Fire & Rescue Services, Google Community Services - North Colchester Site Study Area Community ServicesMaps to Identify - North Community Colchester Facilities, Libraries and Youth Centres North Essex GardenNorth Communities Essex Garden Communities 5km Buffer Zone North Essex Garden Communities District / Borough Boundary Woodland Babergh District Urban Area Waterbody B1068 AECOM 79 A Road B Road Minor Road

B1087 Railway (! Railway Station

"' Hospital B1070 GP - Surplus/Deficit

A134 GF - 4000 - -2000

A137 GF -1999 - -1000

GF -999 - 0 B1352 GF 0 - 1000

GF 1001 - 2000 B1508 B1352 GF 2001 - 12600 Colchester B1035 Borough

G1 A1232

G3 G2 H1 Tendring District A12 Colchester Borough G4 Colchester Borough H2

A1124 G6 A120 B1029

A134 G7

G8 A133 G9

This chapter provides baseline synthesis and key findings associated to the West of Colchester / Marks Tey area of investigation and the wider 5km buffer zone.

80 AECOM Colchester Borough Council, Braintree District Council, Tendring District Council and Essex County Council North Essex Garden Communities Concept Feasibility Study - Baseline Compendium

04 West of Colchester / Marks Tey 4.1 Site Overview and Landuse 4.2 Call for Sites 4.3 Land Ownership and Development Arrangements 4.4 Surrounding Settlement Hierarchy 4.5 Economic Context 4.6 Movement and Connectivity 4.7 Landscape and Strategic Networks 4.8 Agricultural Land Classifications and Mineral Safeguarding Areas 4.9 Ecological Designations 4.10 Parks, Recreation and Historic Environment 4.11 Water Cycle 4.12 Utilities 4.13 Social Infrastructure

AECOM 81 North Essex Garden Communities Concept Feasibility Study - Baseline Compendium Colchester Borough Council, Braintree District Council, Tendring District Council and Essex County Council

4.1 Site Overview and Landuse

North Essex area. Together with the Great Eastern A120 Mainline Railway that follows the the route of the Long Green A120 A120Coggeshall A12 connecting Marks Tey with London,B1024 Colchester and beyond. These key transport routes serve toB1024 Great Eastern B1024 Mainline dissect and define the site into three noticeable parcels of land.

Braintree District A12

Braintree District Braintree DistrictBraintree District

Easthorpe

B1024 ² B1024 B1024 00.2² 0.4 0.8 ² Kilometers 00.2 0.4 0.8 Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Source: Esri, DigitalGlobe, GeoEye, Earthstar Geographics, CNES/Airbus DS, USDA, USGS, AEX, Getmapping, Aerogrid, IGN, IGP, swisstopo, and the GIS User Community 00.2 0.4 0.8 Kilometers Legend Marks Tey - Site OverviewFigure 66: West Colchester / Marks Tey Context Kilometers Site Study Area 82 AECOM North Essex GardenMarks Communities Tey - Site Overview District / Borough Marks Tey - Site Overview Boundary North Essex GardenNorth Communities Essex Garden Communities Urban Area A Road B Road Minor Road Railway Colchester Borough (! Railway Station

A12

(! B1408

A120

B1024

Braintree District

B1024 ² 00.2 0.4 0.8

Kilometers Marks Tey - Site Overview North Essex Garden Communities Colchester Borough Council, Braintree District Council, Tendring District Council and Essex County Council North Essex Garden Communities Concept Feasibility Study - Baseline Compendium

4.2 Call for Sites

Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Source: Esri, DigitalGlobe, GeoEye, Earthstar Geographics, CNES/Airbus DS, USDA, USGS, AEX, Getmapping, Aerogrid, IGN, IGP, swisstopo, and the GIS User Community Legend A1124 Site District / Borough Boundary Urban Area A Road Key Findings B Road Minor Road Railway −− The Call for Sites process for Colchester to support the development (! Railway Station of the new Local Plan identified 11 sites associated with the Marks Tey proposed development area, amounting to 1069ha of potentially developable land Colchester Borough −− The individual site detail submitted for the Call for Sites is shown below in Table 177

−− Aggregated, the individual sites have the capacity in principle (i.e. before

site capacity testing) to accommodate at least 10,000 homes,B1024 equivalent to an approximate population of 24,000. A12 130 236

121 (! B1408

248 47 Call for Sites Location Proposed Use Site Area (ha) 94 Reference 235 82 A120 031 Easthorpe Road Residential 3.219

047 London Road Residential 3.095

082 Wilsons Lane Residential 0.613 121 121 139 094 Old London Road Residential 8.854

121 Gateway 120 Mixed 666.898 122

122 Land adjacent to A12 Mixed 323.454Braintree District

130 North Lane Residential 13.706 31 Rectory Road, Copford 139 Residential 9.881 Road Salmon’s Corner, Great 235 Residential 0.373 Tey

236 Brickworks, Church Lane Residential 37.99 B1024 248 Motts Lane Residential 1.245

Total Site Area: 1069.328ha Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Source: Esri, DigitalGlobe, GeoEye, Earthstar Geographics, CNES/Airbus DS, USDA, USGS, AEX, Getmapping, Aerogrid, IGN, IGP, swisstopo, and the GIS User Community ² Table 17: Call for Sites - West Colchester / Marks Tey Legend Figure 67: West Colchester / Marks Tey Landuse Source: Colchester BC Call for Sites (2014/2015) 0 0.25 0.5 1 A1124 AECOM 83 Site Kilometers District / Borough Boundary Marks Tey Urban Area A Road North Essex Garden Communities B Road Minor Road Railway (! Railway Station

Colchester Borough

B1024 A12

(! B1408

A120

Braintree District

B1024 ² 0 0.25 0.5 1

Kilometers Marks Tey North Essex Garden Communities North Essex Garden Communities Concept Feasibility Study - Baseline Compendium Colchester Borough Council, Braintree District Council, Tendring District Council and Essex County Council

4.3 Land Promoters and Development Agreements

Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Legend A1124 Key Findings District / Borough Boundary Urban Area A Road B Road −− Land around Marks Tey is principally being put forward by 2 separate Minor Road promoters who are each seeking to deliver substantial development areas Railway (! Railway Station as described below. Gateway 120 Other Landowners −− There are also several areas of land north of the A120 and west of Great Tey West Road, which have not been put forward through the Call for Sites process, Colchester Borough but which it is understood could be brought forward for development through the Gateway 120 consortium.

B1024 RF West Ltd Other Landowners A12 −− RF West Land Ltd are representing themselves and two adjoining owners - one (Livelands) and the other a Mr Sherwood (Easthorpe Estate) on land to (! B1408 the east of the A12.

Gateway 120 Consortium −− The land being promoted by Gateway 120 is located north and south of the A120

A120 −− The Gateway 120 consortium is composed of about 4 separate ownerships with an agreement in place between all landowners on the Gateway 120 promotion and development of the land

West

Braintree District

Table 18: Preparation Documents Commissioned by Promoters to Date

Document Prepared By RF West Ltd Vision Document Andrew Martin Planning B1024 Flood Risk and Drainage Appraisal Ardent: Consulting Engineers Utility Statement Ardent: Consulting Engineers Transport Appraisal Ardent: Consulting Engineers ² Archaeology Assessment Colchester Archaeological Trust 0 0.25 0.5 1 Preliminary Ecological Appraisal Essex Ecology Services Limited Kilometers Gateway 120 LandownersFigure 68: West Colchester / Marks Tey Land Ownership. Source: Provided by Colchester Borough Council A120 Alignment Study Peter Brett Associates North Essex Garden Communities Ecology Surveys L&Q London Housing Association Archaeology Surveys L&Q London Housing Association Landscape Assessment L&Q London Housing Association Completion of Opportunities and Constraints L&Q London Housing Association Highways Assessment L&Q London Housing Association Services Capacity Studies L&Q London Housing Association Surface Water and Foul Drainage Solutions L&Q London Housing Association

84 AECOM Colchester Borough Council, Braintree District Council, Tendring District Council and Essex County Council North Essex Garden Communities Concept Feasibility Study - Baseline Compendium

4.4 Surrounding Settlement Hierarchy

Colchester Colchester Colchester Borou gh Borou gh Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Borou gh Borou gh Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Borou gh Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Legend Legend A1124 A1124 Legend A1124 Site Study Area Site Study Area Site Study Area Key Findings 5km Buffer Zone B1508 5km Buffer Zone B1508 5km Buffer Zone B1508 District / Borough BoundaryDistrict / Borough Boundary District / Borough Boundary A Road A Road A Road −− The linear settlement of Marks Tey straddles both east and west of the A12 Earls Colne Earls Colne B Road A1124 B Road A131 A131 Earls Colne A1124 A12 B Road which causes a dissipated provision of services and facilities. Marks Tey is Minor RoadA12 Minor Road A131 A1124 A12 classified by Colchester as a ‘Village’ within their settlement hierarchy. Wakes Colne Wakes Colne Minor Road A134 Colchester Wakes Colne A134 Colchester Chappel Chappel Fordham Fordham A134 Colchester −− The village of Marks Tey is characterised by the major transit roads of the A! Regional Centre Regional Centre Chappel Fordham A! A12 and A120 it is situated along, which contribute towards giving it a more B1024 A! Regional Centre B1024 ! District Settlement A12 A A! District Settlement urbanised disposition than the low density population of Marks Tey would B1024 A12 A! District Settlement suggest. A12 A! Village A! Village A!BraintreeVillage Braintree −− Settlements in the immediate vicinity are predominantly low-density BraintreeA! Key Service VillageA! Key Service Village villages with a strong rural character. These include nearby Easthorpe, Great Tey Great Tey Key Service Village Aldham A!Population Density Population Density which straddles the southern boundary of the Site Study Area, and AldhamEight Ash Green Eight Ash Green A134 0.2 A134- 1 Great Tey A133 0.2 - 1 Copford Green 0.8km to the east of the Site Study Area. Aldham A133Population Density Eight Ash Green 1.1 - 2.5 1.1 - 2.5 A134 0.2 - 1 A133 2.6 - 5.0 2.6 - 5.0 −− There are also sparsely populated areas with scattered areas to the north 1.1 - 2.5 5.1 - 7.5 5.1 - 7.5 and south of the Site Study Area, including Great Tey and Aldham to the 2.6 - 5.0 7.6 - 10.0 7.6 - 10.0 Stanway Stanway north, and Messing to the south. 5.110.1 - 7.5- 20.0 Braintree District 10.1 - 20.0 Braintree District 7.6 - 10.0 Stanway 20.1 - 40.0 Marks Tey 20.1 - 40.0 −− The Regional Centre of Stanway is located approximately 2.3km to the Marks Tey 10.1 - 20.0 A120 40.1 - 70.0 40.1 - 70.0 Braintree District A120 Little Tey east of the Site Study Area. It is second only to Colchester Town Centre Little Tey 20.170.1 -- 40.0110.0 Marks Tey 70.1 - 110.0 itself within Colchester’s Settlement Hierarchy. The 2008 adopted Core A120 40.1110.1 - -70.0 165.0 110.1 - 165.0 Little Tey Strategy identified Stanway as a focus of potential development, both for 70.1 - 110.0 Coggeshall Copford Green Copford Green Coggeshall 110.1 - 165.0 housing and employment. B1022 B1022 B1024 −− To the west, the next notable settlement is Coggeshall which is Coggeshall B1024 Copford Green B1022 approximately 2.1km away and a Service Village offering essential Easthorpe Easthorpe Population density measured as B1024 amenities and an attractive place to live. people per hectare Easthorpe −− To the south west Feering, and Kelvedon further afield, are also both Feering classified as Service Villages. Feering

Birch Birch Feering

Kelvedon Kelvedon Birch Green Birch Green Messing Messing Birch

Kelvedon Birch Green Messing Layer Marney LayerLayer Marney Breton Colchester BoroughColchester Borough Layer Breton Sources B1023 B1023 Layer Marney Colchester Borough Layer Breton B1018 B1026 −− Adopted 2008 Colchester Core Strategy B1018 Tiptree Tiptree B1026 B1023 ² ² −− Braintree Core Strategy Local Development Document 2011 0 0.5 1 2 B1018 Tiptree B1026 00.5 1 2 −− Local Plan Issues and Options January 2015 Colchester Kilometers Kilometers Borou gh Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. ² Figure 69: Marks Tey Surrounding Settlement Hierarchy. Source: AECOM. Legend Key Spatial Relationships - Marks Tey A1124 00.5 1 2 Key Spatial Relationships - Marks Tey Site Study Area Kilometers 5km Buffer Zone North Essex GardenNorth EssexCommunities Garden Communities B1508 District / Borough Boundary AECOM Key Spatial Relationships - Marks Tey 85 A Road Earls Colne B Road A131 A1124 North Essex Garden Communities A12 Minor Road Wakes Colne A134 Colchester Chappel Fordham A! Regional Centre B1024 District Settlement A12 A! A! Village Braintree A! Key Service Village Great Tey Aldham Population Density Eight Ash Green A134 0.2 - 1 A133 1.1 - 2.5 2.6 - 5.0 5.1 - 7.5 7.6 - 10.0 Stanway 10.1 - 20.0 Braintree District 20.1 - 40.0 Marks Tey A120 40.1 - 70.0 Little Tey 70.1 - 110.0 110.1 - 165.0

Coggeshall Copford Green B1022

B1024

Easthorpe

Feering

Birch

Kelvedon Birch Green Messing

Layer Marney Colchester Borough Layer Breton

B1023 B1018 Tiptree B1026 ² 00.5 1 2

Kilometers Key Spatial Relationships - Marks Tey North Essex Garden Communities North Essex Garden Communities Concept Feasibility Study - Baseline Compendium Colchester Borough Council, Braintree District Council, Tendring District Council and Essex County Council

4.5 Economic Context

and a cinema. The plans were initially refused permission in February, the A120 3 resubmitted application is fundamentally the same as the original but Coggeshall Coggeshall

includes a more robust highways report which details improvements to the B1022 B1022 surrounding infrastructure including the A12 junction. Coggeshall B1024 B1024 B1022 −− The relationship of the potential Marks Tey Garden Community with B1024 Stanway will require careful consideration. The relationship might be informed by how Stanway continues to develop, and the resulting balance of floorspace between employment land , retail and other leisure uses that results, and its related catchment area. Added to this any local desire to maintain some form of separation (physical and/or functional) between Marks Tey, Copford and Stanway. Colchester BoroughColchester Council Borough Council

−− Marks Tey further acts acts as a key commuter link into London, provided Kelvedon Kelvedon by the rail station at Marks Tey. There limited economic activity currently, Colchester Borough Council however the potential to leverage the strategic location of the station. Kelvedon

B1023 B1023

B1026 B1018 B1018 B1026 B1023 B1023 B1023 ² ² 00.5 1 2 B1018 B1026 00.5 1 2

B1023 Kilometers Kilometers Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Source: Esri, DigitalGlobe, GeoEye, Earthstar Geographics, CNES/Airbus DS, USDA, USGS, AEX, Getmapping, Aerogrid, IGN, IGP, swisstopo, and the GIS User Community ² Legend Figure 70: Marks Tey Economic Context. Source: AECOM Employment Land Concentrations - Marks TeyA1124 00.5 1 2 Employment Land Concentrations - Marks Tey Site Study Area Kilometers District / Borough North Essex GardenNorth CommunitiesEssex Garden Communities B1508 Boundary 5km Buffer Zone 86 AECOM Employment Land Concentrations - Marks Tey Urban Area North Essex Garden Communities A131 A1124 A12 A Road B Road A134 Railway (! Railway Station Local Centre (Retail) B1024 Independent Businesses A12 Colchester(Longreen) BoroughBusiness Park Stane Park 12.2ha 1 ^_ Potential Business Centre

1 - Earls Colne Business Park 2 - Tollgate Retail Park A134 3 - Angora Business Park A133 4 - Tollgate Centre / Tollgate West Retail Park ^_ 5 - Westside Centre 4 5 2 B1408 Braintree District Stanway

A120 3

Coggeshall

B1022

B1024

Colchester Borough Council

Kelvedon

B1023

B1018 B1026 B1023 ² 00.5 1 2

Kilometers Employment Land Concentrations - Marks Tey North Essex Garden Communities Colchester Borough Council, Braintree District Council, Tendring District Council and Essex County Council North Essex Garden Communities Concept Feasibility Study - Baseline Compendium

4.6 Utilities

Sources

−− Anglian Water

−− National Grid Colchester Colchester ColchesterBorou gh Borou gh Borou gh

Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Key Findings Legend Legend A1124 A1124 Legend A1124 Site Study Area Site Study Area Site Study Area 5km Buffer Zone 5km Buffer Zone B1508 B1508 5km Buffer Zone B1508 District / Borough District / Borough Electricity District / Borough Woodland Woodland Woodland Urban Area Urban Area −− There is spare capacity in the electrical network in this area. Any large A1124 A131 A131 A1124 A12 WaterbodyUrban AreaA12 scale development of new homes would trigger the need for a new primary A1124 Waterbody A131 A12 Waterbody A Road A Road substation, but there is spare capacity in the new substation at Witham to A134 A134 BA Road B Road support the early phases. New distribution infrastructure would be needed. A134 MinorB Road Road Minor Road RailwayMinor Road Railway −− Existing substation at Marks Tey, in which UK Power Networks has B1024 B1024 A12 B1024 A12 Railway confirmed that there is spare capacity for early phases of development, Gas Pipe A12 Gas Pipe Eight Ash Green but this would not be sufficient to serve full garden communities Eight Ash GreenWest Bergholt Gas Pipe West Bergholt Low Pressure Gas Pipe Low Pressure Gas Pipe development in this area and a further new primary substation located Eight Ash Green Medium Pressure Gas Pipe West Bergholt Low Pressure Gas Pipe Medium Pressure Gas Pipe north of the A120 would be required. Further detailed assessment required High Pressure Gas Pipe Medium Pressure Gas PipeHigh Pressure Gas Pipe to understand quantums and timings. ElectricityHigh Line Pressure GasElectricity Pipe Line A134 A134 A133 A133 −− A 33,000V pole line runs through Marks Tey, however this should have Great Tey Great Tey A!ElectricityA! A!Tower Line Line - 132,000vA! A! A! A134 Tower Line - 132,000v ! ! ! limited impact on future development beyond a visual disruption. A133 A A A Pole Line - 33,000vA! A! A! Great Tey A! A! A! Pole Line - 33,000v Lexden Primary Tower Line - 132,000v Lexden Primary Overhead Line A! A! A! Pole Line - 33,000v Overhead Line Water Supply Electricity Substation Lexden Primary Electricity Substation Overhead Line B1408 B1408 −− In a meeting with AECOM on 20th May 2016, Anglian Water advised ElectricityB# Primary Substation Substation B# Primary Substation Braintree District that subject to detailed studies, it should be possible to supply the A120 Braintree District CopfordB1408 Copford A120 Waste Water Treatment WorksWaste Water Treatment Works development with water from existing supply sources to the south, subject B# Primary Substation Braintree District Copford Works operated by AnglianWorks operated by Anglian to upgrade and new infrastructure. A120 Waste"C Water Treatment Works" Marks Tey Marks Tey Water C Water

Gas Shrub End Primary Shrub End Primary " Works operated by Anglian Marks Tey C Water B1022 B1022 B1024 B1024 −− A medium pressure (MP) main that runs along the southern carriageway Shrub End Primary of the A12, and a low pressure (LP) main that runs along the B1408 London B1022 B1024 Road. According to an email from National Grid Gas in September 2014, Coggeshall Coggeshall Coggeshall Primary Coggeshall Primary the medium pressure network is expected to deliver predicted additional Coggeshall demand, but the low pressure network will require reinforcement. Colchester Borough Coggeshall Primary Colchester Borough Waste Water Birch Birch Colchester Borough −− Anglian Water has previously had discussions with a developer for 3000

houses in the area. Marks Tey falls in Copford Water Recycling Centre Birch (SWT) catchment.

−− In a meeting held between AECOM and Anglian Water on 20th May 2016, it was confirmed that water supply should be possible from the Ardleigh Reservoir, immediately north of the A120, subject to new and upgraded B1023 existing infrastructure. B1023 B1026 B1018 B1018 B1026 Telecommunications B1023 B1023 B1023 ² ² −− Evidence appears limited. Additional investigation will be required. 00.5 1 2 B1018 B1026 00.5 1 2 Colchester Borou gh B1023 Kilometers Kilometers Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. ² Figure 71: Marks Tey Utilities. Source: Anglian Water / National Grid Legend Utilities - Marks Tey A1124 00.5 1 2 Utilities - Marks Tey Site Study Area Kilometers 5km Buffer Zone North Essex GardenNorth EssexCommunities Garden Communities B1508 District / Borough AECOM Utilities - Marks Tey 87 Woodland Urban Area A1124 North Essex Garden Communities A131 A12 Waterbody A Road A134 B Road Minor Road

B1024 Railway A12 Gas Pipe Eight Ash Green West Bergholt Low Pressure Gas Pipe Medium Pressure Gas Pipe High Pressure Gas Pipe

Electricity Line A134 A133 Great Tey A! A! A!Tower Line - 132,000v A! A! A! Pole Line - 33,000v Lexden Primary Overhead Line Electricity Substation B1408 B# Primary Substation Braintree District Copford A120 Waste Water Treatment Works " Works operated by Anglian Marks Tey C Water

Shrub End Primary

B1022 B1024

Coggeshall Coggeshall Primary

Colchester Borough

Birch

B1023

B1018 B1026 B1023 ² 00.5 1 2

Kilometers Utilities - Marks Tey North Essex Garden Communities North Essex Garden Communities Concept Feasibility Study - Baseline Compendium Colchester Borough Council, Braintree District Council, Tendring District Council and Essex County Council

4.7 Landscape Character, Sensitivity and Condition

Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Contains Environment Agency information © Environment Agency and database right. Contains, or is based on, information supplied by Natural England. Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Contains Environment Agency information © Environment Agency and database right. Contains, or is based on, information supplied by Natural England. Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Contains Environment Agency information © Environment Agency and database right. Contains, or is based on, information supplied by Natural England. Legend Legend A1124 A1124 Legend A1124 Site Study Area Site Study Area Site Study Area Key Findings 5km Buffer Zone B1508 5km Buffer Zone e's Corne B1508 5km Buffer Zone Colne (d/s Do r) oe's Corner B1508 Urban Area 's Colne (d/s D ) Urban Area Colne (d/s Doe Corner) Urban Area WaterbodySalary Brook Waterbody −− The Essex Landscape Character Assessment identifies the majority Waterbody Salary Brook A SalaryRoad Brook A Road of the Site Study Area as sitting within the Gosfield Wooded Farmland. A1124 A131 A131 A1124 A12 AB RoadRoad A12 A1124 B Road Both Colchester Borough and Braintree DistrictA131 Landscape Character A12 B Road Minor Road Minor Road Assessments classify the area as Farmland Plateau: A134 A134 MinorRailway Road Railway A134 (! RailwayRailway Station (! −− It is characterised as a raised farmland plateau with medium to large, Railway Station (! Railway Station B1024 B1024 Topography (m) Topography (m) irregular shaped, intensive, arable fields with mature hedgerows A12 B1024 A12 Topography-2 - 0 (m) -2 - 0 giving it an enclosed character that is typical of the wider landscape. Co l Co ne l A12 1 - 5 ne -2 - 0 1 - 5 (d/ ( Co s Doe d/s 6 - 10 ln 's Corne Doe's C 1 - 5 6 - 10 −− The site has a largely flat to gently undulating landform lying between e r) orner) (d/s 11 - 15 Doe's C 6 - 10 11 - 15 25m and 30m AOD, gradually increasing to 40m and 50m AOD to the orner) 16 - 20 16 - 20 west and north. The lower-lying land is associated with watercourses 11 - 15 21 - 25 21 - 25 A134 16 - 20 that flow along these eastern and southern boundaries. 26A134 - 30 21 - 25 26 - 30 Colne (d/s Doe'sA134 Corner)Colne (d/s Doe's31 - 35 Corner) 31 - 35 −− The main settlement of Marks Tey is located towards the centre of the Site 26 - 30 36 - 40 36 - 40 Colne (d/s Doe's Corner) 31 - 35 Study Area. The structure is defined by the rail and road infrastructure and 41 - 45 41 - 45 36 - 40 with a mix of post-1960s suburbs around Ashbury Drive and Godmans 46 - 50 46 - 50 4151 - 4555 Lane, together with small commercial and industrial uses. B1408 B1408 51 - 55 46 - 50 56 - 60 56 - 60 −− There are a number of smaller settlements around the site, including, B1408 5161 - 5565 A120 A120 61 - 65 Little Tey and Broad Green (to the west), Easthorpe (in the south) and 5666 - 6070 66 - 70 Copford Green (to the east) as well as several isolated farms within the area A120 6171 - 6575 71 - 75 including Wishingwell Farm, Hammer Farm and Bircholt Farm. 6676 - 7080 76 - 80 7181 - 7590 81 - 90 B1022 B1022 −− The wooded Roman River valley provides a boundary to the north and 7691 - 80100 91 - 100 Blackwater (Combined Essex)Blackwater (CombinedB1024 Essex) B1024 81101 - -90 115 101 - 115 east, while the southern part of the Site Study Area is crossed by the B1022 River Blackwater. There are several ponds and irrigation reservoirs dotted 91 - 100 Blackwater (Combined Essex) B1024 across the Site Study Area (Marks Tey Vision Document, 2014). 101 - 115 R oma e Ro n Riv r man River −− Woodland is relatively scarce in the Site Study Area and comprises largely k o k Ro ro o man er Roma of small scattered woods and plantations. Stands of tall ruderal vegetation ro Riv n iver B B Roma R ey y n River are scattered across the Site Study Area. This is often associated with s se om m Dk D o unmanaged areas and spoil heaps. o Roma ro n iver B R y se −− The eastern section of the Site Study Area contributes to a rural separation m ) o x )D e x between Colchester and adjacent settlements in the west, including s e s s E s Stanway, Copford and Mark’s Tey. This is essential in helping retain the d E ne ed bi in character and identity of these settlements. Away from the A12 towards ) m b x o om e ( C C Easthorpe and Copford Green there is a strong sense of rural tranquillity. esr r ( ats te kw E wa ac d ck l ne a B1023 B1023 B i l −− Extensive views across the majority of the Site Study Area are limited due b B m rook o B rook C er r B to intervening woodland and mature and dense vegetated field boundaries.B1018 r ( ay ye B1026 B1018 te L a B1026 wa L ck B1023 B1023 −− The surface geology comprises Brickearths and Loams to the east along la B1023 B ² ² o Br ok the Roman River corridor, overlaying London Clay. The rest of the Site er 00.5 1 2 B1018 ay B1026 00.5 1 2 Study Area comprises Claygate and Bagshot Beds (Landscape Character L B1023 Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Contains EnvironmentKilometers Agency information © Environment Agency and database right. Contains, or is based on, information supplied by Natural England. Assessment - Surface Geology, 2005). Figure 72: Marks Tey Landscape and Topography. Source: Natural England / Environment Agency Kilometers ² Legend A1124 LandscapeLandscape and Strategic and StrategicNetworks Networks - Marks Tey - Marks Tey 00.5 1 2 Site Study Area 5km Buffer Zone B1508 Kilometers's North Essex GardenNorth EssexCommunities Garden Communities Colne (d/s Doe Corner) Urban Area 88 AECOM WaterbodySalary Brook Landscape and Strategic Networks - Marks Tey A Road A1124 A131 A12 B Road North Essex Garden Communities Minor Road A134 Railway (! Railway Station

B1024 Topography (m) A12 -2 - 0 C ol ne 1 - 5 (d/s Doe's C 6 - 10 orner) 11 - 15 16 - 20 21 - 25 A134 26 - 30 Colne (d/s Doe's Corner) 31 - 35 36 - 40 41 - 45 46 - 50

B1408 51 - 55 56 - 60

A120 61 - 65 66 - 70 71 - 75 76 - 80 81 - 90 B1022 91 - 100 Blackwater (Combined Essex) B1024 101 - 115

Ro man River k o Roma ro n iver B R y se D om

) x e s s E d ne bi om C r ( te wa ck la B1023 B o Br ok er B1018 y B1026 La B1023 ² 00.5 1 2

Kilometers Landscape and Strategic Networks - Marks Tey North Essex Garden Communities Colchester Borough Council, Braintree District Council, Tendring District Council and Essex County Council North Essex Garden Communities Concept Feasibility Study - Baseline Compendium

Figure 73: View across the Mark’s Tey Site Area looking north with defined by the major A12 and A120 roads. Source: Bing Maps Bird’s Eye View

Sources

−− Natural England, National Character Areas - GIS Digital Boundary Datasets

−− OS Terrain 50

−− Environment Agency Geostore

−− Natural England, National Character Areas

−− Soilscape, National Soil Resources Institute (accessed through magic. co.uk)

−− Mark’s Tey Flood Risk and Drainage Appraisal (October 2014)

−− Landscape Character Assessment (November 2005)

−− Mark’s Tey Vision Document (October 2014)

−− Colchester Borough Landscape Character Assessment (November 2005) Surface Geology

Figure 74: View towards Marks Tey looking west with the urban edge of Colchester in the foreground. Source: Bing Maps Bird’s Eye View

AECOM 89 North Essex Garden Communities Concept Feasibility Study - Baseline Compendium Colchester Borough Council, Braintree District Council, Tendring District Council and Essex County Council

4.8 Agricultural Land Classifications and Mineral Safeguarding Areas

Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Contains Environment Agency information © Environment Agency and database right Legend Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Contains Environment Agency information © Environment Agency and database right Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Contains Environment Agency information © Environment Agency and database right Site Study Area Legend Legend District / Borough Boundary Site Study Area Site Study Area Key Findings 5km Buffer Zone District / Borough Boundary District / Borough Boundary Waterbody 5km Buffer Zone 5km Buffer Zone A Road Waterbody Waterbody −− The quality of agricultural land is predominantly very good (Grade 2) with B Road A Road A Road a portion to the south west of the Site Study Area as good to moderate Minor Road B Road B Road (Grade 3). Railway Minor Road Minor Road Railway (! Railway Station Railway (! Railway Station −− In addition, sand and gravel Mineral Safeguarding Area covers the majority Mineral and Waste Site (! Railway Station Mineral and Waste Site of the site. This does not prevent future development within Marks Tey, MSA - Brick Clay Mineral and Waste Site MSA - Brick Clay however the designation ensures that mineral resources are considered in MSA - Sand and Gravel MSA - Brick Clay MSA - Sand and Gravel making land-use planning decisions. Agricultural Land Classification MSA - Sand and GravelAgricultural Land Classification Grade 1 - Excellent Agricultural Land Classification Grade 1 - Excellent −− In addition there is brick and clay Mineral Safeuarding Area and a Mineral Grade 2 - Very Good Grade 1 - Excellent Grade 2 - Very Good and Waste site within the Site Study Area Grade 3 - Good to Moderate Grade 2 - Very Good Grade 3 - Good to Moderate Grade 4 - Poor Grade 4 - Poor Grade 3 - Good to Moderate Other land primarily in Grade 4 - Poor Other land primarily in non-agricultural use non-agricultural use LandOther predominantly land primarily in in Land predominantly in urbannon-agricultural area use urban area Land predominantly in urban area Braintree District Braintree District

Braintree District

Colchester Borough Colchester Borough Colchester Borough ² Sources ² 00.5 1 2 −− Natural England, National Character Areas - GIS Digital Boundary 00.5² 1 2 Kilometers Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Contains Environment Agency information © Environment Agency and database right Kilometers 00.5 1 2 Legend AgriculturalFigure Land 75: Marks Tey Classification Agricultural Land Classifications - Marksand Mineral Safeguarding Tey Areas. Source: Natural England / Mineral Safegarding Zones Received from Essex County Council Kilometers Site Study Area Agricultural LandNorth Classification Essex Garden Communities - Marks Tey District / Borough Boundary 90 AECOM NorthAgricultural Essex Garden Land Communities Classification - Marks Tey 5km Buffer Zone Waterbody North Essex Garden Communities A Road B Road Minor Road Railway (! Railway Station Mineral and Waste Site MSA - Brick Clay MSA - Sand and Gravel Agricultural Land Classification Grade 1 - Excellent Grade 2 - Very Good Grade 3 - Good to Moderate Grade 4 - Poor

Other land primarily in non-agricultural use Land predominantly in urban area

Braintree District

Colchester Borough ² 00.5 1 2

Kilometers Agricultural Land Classification - Marks Tey North Essex Garden Communities Colchester Borough Council, Braintree District Council, Tendring District Council and Essex County Council North Essex Garden Communities Concept Feasibility Study - Baseline Compendium

4.9 Ecological Designations

A120 −− There is a more or less intact network of hedgerows throughout the Site Study Area which include moderately species-rich mature and veteran B1022 B1022 trees. A third of the network of existing hedgerows on and around the Site B1024 Study Area are classified as ‘important’ in terms of their structure and B1024 B1022 floral composition. Many of the hedges also have associated land drains or B1024 ditches (Mark’s Tey Vision Document, 2014).

−− The shallow sided valley of Domsey Brook, a tributary of the Blackwater River is located to the south west of the site. It is reported that it can seasonally inundate adjoining areas during the winter, and this is reflected in the presence of associated habitats such as a series of cricket bat willow plantations which stand among marsh or marshy grassland.

B1023 B1023

B1026 Sources B1018 B1018 B1026 B1023 B1023 B1023 ² ² −− Natural England, National Character Areas - GIS Digital Boundary Datasets 00.5 1 2 B1018 B1026 00.5 1 2 −− OS Terrain 50 B1023 Kilometers Kilometers Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Contains Environment² Agency information © Environment Agency and database right. Contains, or is based on, information supplied by Natural England. Legend Ecological DesignationsFigure 76: Marks - TeyMarks Ecological Designations.Tey Source: Natural England / Environment Agency A1124 00.5 1 2 Ecological Designations - Marks Tey Site Study Area Kilometers 5km Buffer Zone North Essex GardenNorth EssexCommunities Garden Communities B1508 Urban Area AECOM Ecological Designations - Marks Tey 91 Waterbody A Road A1124 North Essex Garden Communities A131 A12 B Road Minor Road A134 Railway (! Railway Station

B1024 Local Nature Reserve A12 Special Protection Area SSSI Ramsar Country Parks Woodpasture and Parkland Ancient Woodland A134 A133 National Forest Inventory

B1408

A120

B1022

B1024

B1023

B1018 B1026 B1023 ² 00.5 1 2

Kilometers Ecological Designations - Marks Tey North Essex Garden Communities North Essex Garden Communities Concept Feasibility Study - Baseline Compendium Colchester Borough Council, Braintree District Council, Tendring District Council and Essex County Council

4.10 Parks, Recreation and Historic Environment

Colchester Colchester Colchester Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Contains, or is based on, information supplied by Historic England. Borou gh Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Contains, or is based on, information supplied by Historic England. Borou gh Borou gh Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Contains, or is based on, information supplied by Historic England. Borou gh Borou gh Legend Legend A1124 A1124 Legend A1124 Site Study Area Site Study Area Key Findings Site Study Area 5km Buffer Zone 5km Buffer Zone B1508 B1508 5km Buffer Zone B1508 District / Borough BoundaryDistrict / Borough Boundary District / Borough Boundary Urban Area Urban Area Urban Area −− The Grade I listed Marks Tey Hall, Easthorpe Hall Farm and Easthorpe Hall Waterbody Waterbody A1124 A131 A131 A1124 A12 AWaterbody Road A12 are important historic buildings within and adjacent to the site. A1124 A Road A131 A12 A Road B Road B Road A134 A134 −− The two most important individual heritage buildings within the broad site MinorB Road Road Minor Road A134 area are: RailwayMinor Road Railway (! Railway Station (! Railway Station B1024 B1024 A12 (! ScheduledRailway Station Monument −− St. Peters Church, Marks Tey B1024 A12 Scheduled Monument Registered Parks & Gardens A12 Scheduled Monument Registered Parks & Gardens −− St James the Less Church, Little Tey CountryRegistered Parks Parks & GardensCountry Parks Listed Buildings - Grade Country Parks Listed Buildings - Grade −− There are numerous Grade II listed buildings and a lesser number of Listed^_ I Buildings - Grade^_ I Grade II* listed buildings. These are located to the periphery of the site ^_^_ III ^_ II area, and through the wider 5km buffer area. In general there tends to be A134 A134 A133 ^_ II* A133^_ II ^_ II* an agricultural relationship, such as a barn, or farmhouse. As well as their A134 individual architectural importance, their rural setting is likely to be an A133 ^_ II* important part of their listing.

B1408 B1408

B1408 A120 A120

A120 1 Braintree District Braintree District

B1022 Braintree District B1022 B1024 B1024 B1022

B1024 2

Colchester BoroughColchester Borough

Sources Colchester Borough

−− Colchester Borough Council Country Parks and LNRs (accessed through http://www.colchester.gov.uk/article/11794/Country-Parks-and-Local- Nature-Reserves) B1023 B1023

B1018 B1026 −− OS Terrain 50 B1018 B1026 B1023 B1023 B1023 ² ² −− Natural England GIS Digital Boundary Datasets 00.5 1 2 B1018 B1026 00.5 1 2

−− Historic England B1023 Colchester Kilometers Kilometers Colchester Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Contains, or is based² on, information supplied by Historic England. Borou gh Figure 77: Marks Tey Landscape and Topography. Source: English Heritage / Natural England Legend Heritage Assets - Marks Tey A1124 00.5 1 2 Heritage Assets - Marks Tey Site Study Area Kilometers 5km Buffer Zone North Essex GardenNorth EssexCommunities Garden Communities B1508 District / Borough Boundary 92 Heritage Assets - Marks Tey AECOM Urban Area Waterbody A1124 North Essex Garden Communities A131 A12 A Road B Road A134 Minor Road Railway (! Railway Station B1024 A12 Scheduled Monument Registered Parks & Gardens Country Parks Listed Buildings - Grade ^_ I

^_ II A134 A133 ^_ II*

B1408

A120

Braintree District

B1022

B1024

Colchester Borough

B1023

B1018 B1026 B1023 ² 00.5 1 2

Kilometers Heritage Assets - Marks Tey North Essex Garden Communities Colchester Borough Council, Braintree District Council, Tendring District Council and Essex County Council North Essex Garden Communities Concept Feasibility Study - Baseline Compendium

4.11 Water Cycle

ColchesterColchester Colchester BoroughBorough Borough

Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Contains Environment Agency information © Environment Agency and database right Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Contains Environment Agency information © Environment Agency and database right Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Contains Environment Agency information © Environment Agency and database right Legend Legend A1124 A1124 Legend Key Findings A1124 Site Study Area Site Study Area C Site Study Area o C District / Borough BoundaryDistrict / Borough Boundary C lne (d ol B1508 o /s Doe ne (d/ B1508 District / Borough Boundary lne 's Corner) s Doe' B1508 5km Buffer Zone (d/s Do s Corner) 5km Buffer Zone −− Roman River and its associated shallow valley cut across the northern e's Corner) 5km Buffer Zone Urban Area Urban Area part of the Site Study Area, before joining the River Colne to the south of UrbanWaterbody Area A131 A131 Waterbody Wivenhoe (outside site boundary). In the south ofA131 the Site StudyBou Area is A1124 A1124 A12 Waterbody rne Bour A Road A12 A Road B ne A1124 Bou roo B A12 Domsey Brook, which flows south west, and joins rthene River Blackwaterk to roo A BRoad Road B k B Road rook A134 A134 the east of Kelvedon. There are concentrations of important habitat along B MinorRoad Road Minor Road A134 and adjoining the corridors of the Domsey Brook and Roman River. MinorRailway Road Railway (! RailwayRailway Station (! B1024 B1024 Railway Station A12 (!Watercourse Ecological Quality −− The Roman River is a small watercourse which retains, in parts, relatively B1024 A12 Railway Station Watercourse Ecological Quality Moderate natural features such as riffle and pool. The bed is variable, with sand and A12 Watercourse Ecological QualityModerate gravel and silt in different parts. Much of it is shaded by trees and scrub. ModeratePoor Poor Flood Risk from Rivers & Sea Poor Flood Risk from Rivers & Sea High −− Both the Domsey Brook and Roman River are highly modified water Flood Risk from Rivers & Sea High Medium courses. They are low lying and calcareous with only moderate ecological High Medium Low A134 A134 Low potential. Both are considered to be at risk of further deterioration. A133 Medium A133 Very Low Very Low A134 Low −− Flood risk zones 2 and 3 are generally concentrated to the narrow flood A133 Very Low plains of the Domsey Brook.

−− The Site Study Area is within surface and groundwater nitrate vulnerability B1408 B1408 Braintree District Braintree District zones, and surface water safeguard zone for Nitrate and Pesticides. B1408 A120 A120 B Braintree District la B c la −− There are a number of drainage ditches and small streams located acrossk c w k a w t aA120 the Site Study Area. Within Marks Tey, the surface water networks are at e t B r (C e l om r (C a om c bi capacity and potential developments will need to deal with ktheir surface n bi w ed ne a Ess d B1022 B1022 te ex) Essex) run-off in a way that does not impose any additional load on ther (Csystem. om B1024 b B1024 in ed −− The region east of Colchester (referred to in the Anglian Water Essex) B1022 B1024 development plan as “South Essex”) is predicted to be in water deficit Ro man r Rom condition by 2030 and water will need to be delivered from other areas R ive an R iver within the Anglian Water region, or by neighbouring water companies. This R k k oma is based on average growth trends. o o n R ver ro o i B r y B se ey m s D o om ok D ro y B se m D o

Colchester BoroughColchester Borough

B1023 B B1023 r B a r a er i y B Sources n a er i L r y B n o La B1018 Colchester Borough o ro B1026 B1018 k ok B1026 B1023 −− Natural England - GIS Digital Boundary Datasets B1023 B1023 B ² r a ² Colchester er Colchester i y B n La r −− OS Terrain 50 o B1026 00.5 1 2 Borough B1018 o ley Br 00.5 1 2 k Vir o ley B o Vir ro k o B1023 k Kilometers Kilometers −− Environment Agency Geostore Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Contains Environment Agency information © Environment Agency and database right ² Legend Figure 78: Marks Tey Water Cylce. Source: Environment Agency A1124 00.5 1 2 Water CycleWater - Marks Cycle Tey - Marks Tey y B Virle ro Site Study Area o k Co Kilometers District / Borough Boundary North Essex Garden Communities lne North Essex Garden Communities (d/s Do B1508 e's Corner) 5km Buffer Zone AECOM Water Cycle - Marks Tey 93 Urban Area A131 Waterbody Bou A1124 A12 rne A Road North Essex Garden Communities B rook B Road A134 Minor Road Railway (! B1024 Railway Station A12 Watercourse Ecological Quality Moderate Poor Flood Risk from Rivers & Sea High Medium

A134 Low A133 Very Low

B1408 Braintree District

A120 B la c k w a te r (C om b in ed Essex) B1022 B1024

Rom an R iver

ok ro y B se m D o

Colchester Borough

B1023 B r a er i y B n a L ro B1018 ok B1026 B1023 ² 00.5 1 2 y B Virle ro o k Kilometers Water Cycle - Marks Tey North Essex Garden Communities North Essex Garden Communities Concept Feasibility Study - Baseline Compendium Colchester Borough Council, Braintree District Council, Tendring District Council and Essex County Council

4.12 Movement and Connectivity

Key Findings 257 car parking spaces 60 cycle parking spaces Key

Study area −− The site predominantly south of Marks Tey Station (operated by Abellio Greater Anglia) which provides 5 tph towards London & 4tph to Colchester A Road during the weekday peak hour. The rail line runs in a north-south at-grade B Road alignment through the site. A new station building and ‘kiss & drop’ facility was instated in 2012, at a cost of approx. £2 million. Identified key bottle Marks Road > 100% stress −− The station provides for up to 257 car parking and 60 cycle parking Proposed widening spaces, observations would suggest parking. Tey Existing rail −− The location of the station with reference to 400m and 800m walk Strategic bus route/bus stop distances, provides accessibility to the northern fringes of the site only, accessibility levels within the remaining areas of the site could be classed Local bus route/bus stop Bus SX133 as ‘poor’ Bus NEx 250 A120 Pedestrian/cycle way Bus 70 −− The Marks Tey interchange, at grade separated double roundabout Pedestrian Bridge connecting the A120 with the A12 via ‘slip’ access is located at the Existing access to site northern edge of the site. Highways England in their A12 / A120 Route Existing rail station Based Strategy March 2013’ identify sections of carriageway north around Witham (junction 23) and Junction 25 (Marks Tey) as key constraints on Junction identified over the A12. ECC identified the A120 as a ‘weak link’ in the strategic trunk road capacity by 2032 (Local Plan network, with localised constraints at Marks Farm Roundabout, A120 Jacobs Modelling) junction with Station Road (Marks Tey) and the A120 east of Coggeshall to the A12 Link (delay is caused by closely spaces junctions within Marks Tey). Bus NEx 481 Options for improvements to the A120 corridor and its interchange with the Bus NEx 484 2 1 A12 are currently being considered by ECC and Highways England. A Bus 71/71X

−− The A12 strategic trunk road runs in a north-south direction running through the site.

−− The B1408 London Road connects Colchester with the Marks Tey interchange, running along the northern periphery of the site. Figure 79: Marks Tey Movement Network. AECOM. −− A number of points of access exists all of which are small access roads formed with the main highway infrastructure.

−− Pedestrian footways are limited to main roads providing limited connectivity

−− No National Cycle Network (NCN) routes of note in close proximity to the site

−− An existing pedestrian grade separated connection over the A12 between London Road and the A120 exists, providing step free access to north and southbound bus stops on the A120 (National Express 481 and 484, Routes 71,71c, 71x, Route SX 133, Route 70).

94 AECOM Colchester Borough Council, Braintree District Council, Tendring District Council and Essex County Council North Essex Garden Communities Concept Feasibility Study - Baseline Compendium

SWOT - Strategic network

Strengths Weaknesses Opportunities Constraints Level of noise and pollution from road network. Upgrade to junction 25 Road corridor creates barrier of movement between Potential to consider access to A12 and relationship with A12 Direct access to the A12 different parts of the site Impact on the role of the strategic highway infrastructure A120 in context of a possible new Garden Community in and around Marks Tey. Junction 25 currently experiences high levels of traffic congestion Car orientated development to prevail if site isn’t Possible A120 alignment could create a new junction on Level of noise and pollution from road network. connected to a rail network the A120 to provide access to the site A120 Direct access to the A120 Sections of the A120 currently subject to high levels of Unlikely that the future capacity of the GEML will Downgrade the existing A120 alignment through Marks congestion accommodate continued demand as establish within the Tey to a local access road on which public transport could Anglia Route Study operate

Station located within the boundary of the site Due to several barriers to movement (rail line, A12), the existing station location is constrained Improve connections to the station via the different of A car orientated development will prevail if a bus network GEML Direct, quick and frequent service to Chelmsford and the site through both cycle/pedestrian routes and public through the site and connections to rail based transport London (westbound), Colchester, Ipswich and Norwich Capacity constraints on the GEML transport network (eastbound) Increase the number of existing services to provide Interurban and local bus services currently operate on A car orientated development will prevail with short greater frequency. Bus network both the A12 and the A120 and stopping at Marks Tey Rail Low frequency interurban services distance trips dominated by car use without clear Integrate bus services within the site - all parts of the Station integration of cycle and pedestrian infrastructure . development located within walking distance of a stop Develop a comprehensive walking and cycling network within the site No existing pedestrian or cycle network of note in close proximity to the site. Existing pedestrian and cycle bridge over the A12 Improve linkages between the different parts of the site Cycle network Impact on the role of the strategic highway infrastructure providing access to station and the station No viable existing pedestrian or cycle routes cross the site Provide additional/ cycle/pedestrian crossings over the A12 and the GEML.

AECOM 95 North Essex Garden Communities Concept Feasibility Study - Baseline Compendium Colchester Borough Council, Braintree District Council, Tendring District Council and Essex County Council

4.13 Social Infrastructure - Education

Essex County Council has developed a Commissioning School Places in Essex The 5km boundary of Site Study Area overlaps two local authorities (Colchester 2015-2020, published February 2016. Its role as Commissioner of school places and Braintree). For the following social infrastructure review, both local provides information related to future pupil numbers and where further expansion authorities have been considered in assessing the current situation, committed will be required to meet housing demands. infrastructure and future issues.

Key Findings - Primary Key Findings - Secondary Key Findings - Further Education

Current Situation within 5km Boundary (May 2016) Current Situation within 5km Boundary (May 2016) Current Situation within 5km Boundary (May 2016)

1 22 1,452 3 316 Further Primary Schools Surplus Places Secondary Schools Surplus Places Education

Committed Infrastructure within 5km Boundary Committed Infrastructure within 5km Boundary Committed Infrastructure within 5km Boundary

−− There are no plans for immediate expansion within 5km of Marks Tey within −− There are no planned secondary school developments or expansions −− Committed or planned infrastructure for Post-16 Education is not known at Braintree District. within 5km of Marks Tey within Colchester Borough this time.

−− There is 1 Primary School planned within the 5km buffer located within Future and Wider Issues Colchester, however this has not received formal commitment nor has there been an identified location other than being in the Stanway Area. Future and Wider Issues −− The minimum age at which young people in England can leave learning increased in 2013, requiring young people to continue education or −− The Commissioning Plan forecasts an increase of 406 secondary school training to the end of the academic year in which they turn 17. Infrastructure Form Location Delivery Mechanism pupils between 2015-2020 for Colchester Borough, in which there is a Item of Commitment forecast surplus of 954 places across the local authority by 2020 −− This has been followed with a policy beginning in 2015 where all young Entry people must remain in learning to their 18th birthday, This is referred to as −− The Commissioning Plan forecasts an increase of 306 secondary school Raising the Participation Age (RPA). Primary School - Stanway Area No Commitment S106 pupils between 2015-2020 for Braintree District, in which there is a forecast surplus of 1,158 places across the local authority. −− This puts more pressure on the local authorities to ensure and provide options for young people to learn the skills required. Local authorities have Table 19: Committed Primary Infrastructure. Source: Commissioning School Places in Essex −− Essex County Council are seeking contributions from housing developers 2015-2016 the duty to: towards the cost of providing the additional places required for the pupils generated by new housing. −− Promote effective participation in education or training to young people;

Future and Wider Issues −− Ensure that sufficient places are available to meet the reasonable needs of all young people and encourage them to participate; and −− The Commissioning Plan forecasts an increase of 1,369 primary school pupils between 2015-2020 for Colchester Borough, in which there is a −− Make available to young people support that will allow them to forecast surplus of 890 places across the local authority participate in education or training.

−− The Commissioning Plan forecasts an increase of 76 primary school pupils between 2015-2020 for Braintree District, in which there is a forecast surplus of 1,333 places across the local authority Sources

−− Proposed growth at Marks Tey would create a significant requirement for primary school places, therefore proposals coming forward would need to −− Department of Education, Edubase Portal (May 2016) consider the delivery of future education infrastructure provision. −− Commissioning School Places in Essex 2015-2020

96 AECOM Colchester Borough Council, Braintree District Council, Tendring District Council and Essex County Council North Essex Garden Communities Concept Feasibility Study - Baseline Compendium

Braintree District Braintree District Braintree District Colchester Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Borough Colchester Colchester Legend Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Borough ContainsA1124 Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Borough LegendSite Study Area Legend A1124A1124 5km Buffer Zone Site Study Area B1508 Site Study Area Primary School Capacity Analysis Secondary School Capacity Analysis District5km Buffer / Borough Zone Boundary5km Buffer Zone B1508 B1508 WoodlandDistrict / Borough Boundary Surplus / Secondary School Surplus / DistrictPrimary / Borough School Boundary Name Capacity Label Capacity Label Name UrbanWoodland Area Woodland Deficit Deficit A131 A1124 A12 Urban Area !H Town UrbanSt Andrew'sArea CofE The Honywood A131 A1124 A1124 A12 !H Town Primary School, Marks 210 29 P1 Community Science 1,050 11 S1 A131 Waterbody A12 !H Town P10 A134 Waterbody Tey School P10 A134 A Road Waterbody A! A Road A! P10 A134B Road Copford CofE Primary Thurstable School P13 B Road A Road 207 -3 P2 A! P13 School Sports College and Sixth 1,275 252 S2 Minor Road B1024 Colchester Borough A! A! Minor Road B Road Form Centre B1024 Colchester Borough P13 St Peter's CofE Primary A12 Railway Minor Road 312 -16 P3 B1024 Colchester Borough A! A12 School, Coggeshall (!(! Railway Station Station Railway The Stanway School 1,115 -38 S3 A12 Great Tey CofE Primary PrimaryPrimary School - - 84 40 P4 (! RailwaySchool Station Surplus/DeficitSurplus/Deficit P7 Primary School - P7 Feering CofE Primary TOTAL 3,440 225 P4 A! A! -180 - -50 Surplus/Deficit 172 2 P5 P4 A! ! -180 - -50 School A! P7 A ! ! -49 - 0 A P4 A! A ! -180Soaring - -50 High Montessori P16 A134 ! -49 - 0 A 70 25 P6 A133 A ! P16 A134 A! 1 - 50 School A ! P20 A133 A A! 1 - 50 A! -49 - 0 ! P20 P16 A134 Holy Trinity CofE Primary A A! ! 51 - 200 P18 A133A A! 1School, - 50 Eight Ash Green 140 16 P7 P6 A! ! P22 ! P20 ! 51 - 200 ! P12 P18 A A A and Aldham P6 A P14 P22 P19A! P12 A!S3 A! ! ! 201 - 350 51 - 200 Further Education Facility ! A! ! P18A A A! Messing Primary School 84 23 P8 A B1408 P14 %, P19A! A P6 A!S3 P15 ! P22 ! 201 - 350 Thurstable School Sports College and Sixth Form Centre P12 A A A! ! Birch CofE Primary A! B1408 %, AA! P14 A! P15 !S3 P19 140 -2 P9 A ! 351 - 750 A! 201School - 350 A120 ! A S1 ! %,A A! B1408A P15 %, P1 P24 ! 351 - 750 Chappel CofE Controlled A120 ! ASecondary School - 105 6 P10 S1 P3 A A!A! Primary School P2 Surplus/Deficit %, A! P1 P24 ! 351 - 750 A120 A! A S1 A! ! Secondary School - Kelvedon St Mary's CofE P3 P1 P2 A P24 %, -180 - -50 406 11 P11 %, B1022 Surplus/Deficit Primary Academy A! A! ! ! Secondary School - P3 A P2 A %, -49 - 0 B1024 ! %, -180 - -50 Surplus/DeficitStanway Primary School 280 -1 P12 A A! B1022 %, 1 - 50 Fordham All Saints CofE %, 51-49 - 250- 0 %, -180 - -50 135 -1 P13 B1024 B1022 Primary School Braintree District %, 1 - 50 %, -49 - 0 B1024 %, 251 - 1000 The Heath School 0 0 P14 %, 51 - 250 %, 1 - 50 Stanway Fiveways Braintree District 315 6 P15 %, Primary51 - 250 School Braintree District P23 %, 1001251 -- 10002050 P5 P9 A! Holmwood House School 450 165 P16 A! A! %, 251 - 1000 Baynards Primary School 210 100 P17 A! Further Education P23 %,1001 - 2050 Lexden Primary School P5 P9 A! P23 with1001 Unit - 2050 for Hearing 210 -22 P18 A! P11 A! %, A! P5 P9 A! Impaired Pupils A! P8 A! A! Further Education A! St Teresa's Catholic A! FurtherPrimary Education School, 218 0 P19 !P11 Colchester A P11 P8 Lexden Springs School 0 -129 P20 B1023 ! A! P17 S2 A P8 Milldene Primary School 210 25 P21 B1018 A! %,P21 A! B1026 Home Farm Primary A! 210 -1 P22 B1023 ² School B1023 Layer-de-la-Haye CofE P17 S2 210 2 P23 00.5 1 2 Primary School B1023 S2 B1018 A! %,P21 P17 B1026 Gosbecks Primary Kilometers 315 9 P24 A! School B1018 B1023 A! P21 B1026 %,A! ² Education - Marks Tey B1023 ²TOTAL 4,693 284 00.5 1 2 Braintree District North Essex Garden Communities 00.5 1 2 Kilometers

Kilometers Colchester Education - Marks Tey Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Borough Figure 80: West Colchester / Marks Tey Education Context. Source: Edubase (2016) Legend Edu cation - Marks Tey A1124 North Essex Garden Communities Site Study Area North Essex Garden Communities 5km Buffer Zone B1508 District / Borough Boundary Woodland AECOM 97 Urban Area A1124 A131 A12 !H Town Waterbody P10 A134 A! A Road P13 B Road Minor Road B1024 Colchester Borough A! A12 Railway (! Railway Station Primary School - Surplus/Deficit P7 P4 A! A! -180 - -50 A! A! -49 - 0 P16 A134 A133 A! 1 - 50 A! P20 A! ! 51 - 200 P18 A P6 P22 P12 A! A! P14 A! !S3 P19 AA! A! 201 - 350 B1408 %, A! A!P15 ! 351 - 750 A120 A S1 %, P1 P24 Secondary School - P3 A! A! A! A!P2 Surplus/Deficit %, -180 - -50 B1022 %, -49 - 0 B1024 %, 1 - 50

%, 51 - 250 Braintree District %, 251 - 1000

P23 %,1001 - 2050 P5 P9 A! A! A! A! Further Education

A!P11 A!P8

B1023 P17 S2

B1018 A! P21 B1026 %,A! B1023 ² 00.5 1 2

Kilometers Edu cation - Marks Tey North Essex Garden Communities North Essex Garden Communities Concept Feasibility Study - Baseline Compendium Colchester Borough Council, Braintree District Council, Tendring District Council and Essex County Council

Social Infrastructure - Health

Key Findings Key Findings Key Findings

Current Situation within 5km Boundary (May 2016) Committed Infrastructure within 5km Boundary Future and Wider Issues

−− A review of the Colchester Community Infrastructure Levy: Evidence −− Marks Tey sits within North Essex Clinical Commissioning Group, which 0 6 Base (2011) identified that all projects in the pipeline related to healthcare is an NHS organisation set up by the Health and Social Care Act 2012 to GP Practices Hospitals infrastructure have been abandoned, so at present there are no identified organise the delivery of NHS services in England. health infrastructure needs. −− The CCGs receives funding and are commissioned by NHS England −− Within Braintree District, there are no committed or planned infrastructure to provide primary care services (inlcuding GPs), in turn the CCGs GPs projects within the 5km buffer related to healthcare that are known at this commission most services in their areas to trusts that inlcude hospital and −− There are 6 GP practices identified within 5km of Marks Tey. These facilities time. community healthcare. are equally located to the east and west of the development area, in which −− This assessment will review the strategy for North East Essex CCG to there are no facilities in the Site Study Area. understand the future issues facing healthcare in Essex. −− There is an overall deficit in provision of GPs across the wider 5km buffer North Essex Clincial Commissioning Group zone with -6,513 patient spaces. However, this is a theoretical assessment, and the actual pressures are potentially more pressing. There is only one −− North Essex CCG 5-year plan will look to put people at the centre by facility with a strong GP to patient ratio. commissioning around the needs of people, rather than the service. Currently residents receive fragmented care, therefore future Hospitals commissioning will provide services that are joined up and based around −− There are currently zero hospitals identified within 5km of Marks Tey. need of the individual. −− It is projected that demand for older people’s services over the next 5-10 years will increase by roughly 20,000 people (those over the age of 55).

−− In addition, the health and social care system faces considerable financial challenges over the coming years. The CCG will look to commission integrated health and social care services, promote prevention and early intervention, and promoting self-care to begin diminishing the burden.

Sources Sources Sources

−− NHS England, MyNHS Portal dataset (May 2016) −− Colchester Community Infrastructure Levy (2011) −− North Essex Clinical Commissioning Group

−− Health and Social Care Information Centre (HSCIC) dataset (January 2016)

98 AECOM Colchester Borough Council, Braintree District Council, Tendring District Council and Essex County Council North Essex Garden Communities Concept Feasibility Study - Baseline Compendium

Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Colchester Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Borough Legend ContainsA1124 Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Borough Colchester Colchester LegendSite Study Area Legend A1124A1124 Borough Borough B1508 5kmSite Study Buffer Area Zone SiteGP Study Capacity Area Analysis District5km Buffer / Borough Zone Boundary 5km Buffer Zone B1508 B1508 Full Time WoodlandDistrict / Borough Boundary District / Borough Boundary Surplus / Woodland Practice Name Equivalent Patients Capacity Label Urban Area Woodland Deficit A131 A1124 A12 GP’s WaterbodyUrban Area A131 A1124 A12 Urban Area A131 A1124 Waterbody A12 The Coggeshall Surgery 2 5,452 3,600 -1,852 G1 A Road Waterbody A134 A Road A134 B Road A RoadBrimpton House 1 2,839 1,800 -1,039 G2 B A134Road Minor Road B RoadKelvedon & Feering Minor Road 2 4,915 3,600 -1,315 G3 Health Centre B1024 B1024 Railway Minor Road A12 ! B1024 A12 ((! Railway Station Station RailwayTollgate Health Centre 7 14,853 12,600 -2,253 G4 Colchester BoroughColchester Borough A12 (! RailwayWinstree Station Medical GPGP - - Surplus/DeficitSurplus/Deficit 5 6,801 9,000 2,199 G5 Colchester Borough Practice GF - 4000 - -2000 GP - Surplus/Deficit GF - 4000 - -2000 Ambrose Avenue Group 7 14,853 12,600 -2,253 G6 - 4000Practice - -2000 GF -1999 - -1000 GF -1999 - -1000 GF TOTAL 24 49,713 43,200 -6,513 A134 -999 - 0 GF -1999 - -1000 A133 A134 GF -999 - 0 GF A133 GF 0 - 1000 0 - 1000A134 GF -999 - 0 GFA133 GF 1001 - 2000 G4 GF 0 - 1000 G5 GF 1001 - 2000 G4 G5 G6 GF 2001 - 12600 B1408 GF 1001 - 2000 G4 G6 G5 GF 2001 - 12600 B1408 A120 G6 GF 2001 - 12600 B1408 A120 G1 A120

G1 B1022

B1024 G1 B1022

B1024 B1022

B1024 Braintree District

Braintree District Braintree District

G2 G3

G2 G3 G2 B1023 G3

B1018 B1026 B1023 ² B1023 00.5 1 2 B1023 B1026 B1018 Kilometers B1018 B1023 B1026 ² Health - Marks Tey B1023 ² 00.5 1 2 North Essex Garden Communities 00.5 1 2 Kilometers Kilometers Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Colchester Health - Marks Tey Figure 81: Marks Tey Health Infrastructure Context. Source: MyNHS, HSCIC Legend Health - Marks Tey A1124 Borough North Essex Garden Communities Site Study Area North Essex Garden Communities B1508 5km Buffer Zone District / Borough Boundary AECOM 99 Woodland Urban Area A131 A1124 A12 Waterbody A Road A134 B Road Minor Road

B1024 Railway A12 (! Railway Station Colchester Borough GP - Surplus/Deficit

GF - 4000 - -2000

GF -1999 - -1000

A134 GF -999 - 0 A133 GF 0 - 1000

GF 1001 - 2000 G4 G5

G6 GF 2001 - 12600 B1408

A120

B1022

B1024

Braintree District

G2 G3

B1023

B1018 B1026 B1023 ² 00.5 1 2

Kilometers Health - Marks Tey North Essex Garden Communities North Essex Garden Communities Concept Feasibility Study - Baseline Compendium Colchester Borough Council, Braintree District Council, Tendring District Council and Essex County Council

Social Infrastructure - Community Facilities and Emergency Services

Key Findings Key Findings Key Findings

Current Situation (May 2016) Planned Community Facilities and Emergency Services Future and Wider Issues

−− In the absence of an Infrastructure Delivery Plan in Colchester, a review of −− A review of ambulance services has identified a change in the future model 1 0 2 the Community Infrastructure Levy Evidence Base (2011) did not identify of ambulance provision by the early 2020s within the East of England’s Ambulance Police Fire any planned emergency service provision, however key projects related to Ambulance Services. This involves a hub and spoke service in order to Station Station Station community facilities has been proposed with 5km of the Site Study Area: meet demand from existing population. Traditional ambulance stations act as the main hubs of service, with smaller 24/7 posts acting as the spoke. 2 1 −− Further work will need to determine whether the capacity of the existing Community 2 Youth Infrastructure Source Location Cost Delivery emergency services can cope with the forecast increase in population. Centres Libraries Centres Item (£m) Body

−− Further work will need to determine whether the capacity of the existing CIL Developer / Sports & community facilities can cope with the forecast increase in population. Evidence Stanway 4 Colchester Emergency Services Recreation Facility However, it is likely that future development at Marks Tey would need to Base (2011) BC provide some community offer. −− Across the wider 5km boundary, the analysis identified 1 ambulance Table 20: Committed Social Infrastructure. Source: Colchester Community Infrastructure Levy station, 0 police station and 2 fire stations. Evidence Base (2011)

−− 1 fire-station is located within the urban area of Braintree and 1 within the −− Within Braintree, no information related to future projects related to urban area of Colchester where the ambulance station is also located. community facilities or emergency services could be identified within 5km of the boundary −− Further work will need to determine whether the capacity of the existing emergency services can cope with the forecast increase in population

Libraries

−− There is one library within the 5km wider area of Marks Tey.

Youth Centres

−− There is one youth centre within 5km of Marks Tey.

Community Centres

−− There are at least two community centres/village halls within 5km of the development.

Sources Sources Sources

−− East of England Ambulance Services, Essex Police, Essex County Fire & −− Colchester Community Infrastructure Levy (2011) −− East of England Ambulance Services Rescue Services −− Essex Police Website −− Google maps to identify community facilities, libraries and youth centres −− Essex County Fire & Rescue Services

100 AECOM Colchester Borough Council, Braintree District Council, Tendring District Council and Essex County Council North Essex Garden Communities Concept Feasibility Study - Baseline Compendium

Colchester Borough Colchester Colchester Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Borough Borough Legend Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. ContainsA1124 Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. LegendSite Study Area Legend A1124A1124 5km Buffer Zone Site Study Area B1508 Site Study Area Community Service Facilities Emergency Service Facilities District5km Buffer / Borough Zone Boundary 5km Buffer Zone B1508 B1508 WoodlandDistrict / Borough Boundary DistrictName / Boroughof Facility Boundary Type Label Name of Facility Type Label Woodland Urban Area Woodland Coggeshall Library Library C1 Station 24 Coggeshall Fire E1 A131 A1124 A12 Urban Area Waterbody Urban Area A131 A1124 A1124 A12 Waterbody Feering Community Community Urban Search and A131 A Road A12 Waterbody C2 Fire E2 A134 A Road Centre Centre Rescue (USAR) A134 B Road A Road B Road Stanway Library Library C3 Colchester Ambulance MinorA134 Road Ambulance E3 Minor Road B Road Service Youth Railway MinorStanway Road Youth Centre C4 B1024 B1024 Centre A12 A12 (!(! Railway Station Station Railway B1024 Community CommunityCommunity FacilityFacility (! Colchester BoroughColchester Borough A12 RailwayMarks Station Tey Village Hall Centre/ C5 ""C Community Centre Centre Village Hall Colchester Borough C Community Facility " Library "CC Library "C Community Centre "C Youth Centre "C Youth Centre "C Library Emergency Service A134 Emergency Service "C Youth Centre A133 A134 E3 "&C Ambulance Station A133 Emergency Service E3 E2 C Ambulance Station "& A134 E2C "& A133 C3 Y Ambulance Station "&C "% E3 "%Y Fire Station "&C E2 C3 C4 "%Y "&C "%Y Fire Station B1408 C4 C3 "%Y Police Station "$g "%Y Fire Station B1408 C4 "$g Police Station A120 E1 C5 Y B1408 "$g Police Station E1 "% A120 C5 "%Y A120C1 E1 C5 B1022 C1 "%Y B1024 C1 B1022

B1024 Braintree District B1022

B1024 Braintree District Braintree District

B1023

B1018 B1026 B1023 ² B1023 00.5 1 2 B1023 B1026 B1018 Kilometers B1018 B1023 B1026 ² Community Services - Marks Tey B1023 ² 00.5 1 2 North Essex Garden Communities 00.5 1 2 Kilometers Colchester Borough Kilometers Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Community Services - Marks Tey Legend CommunityFigure Services 82: Marks Tey Community - Marks Facilities andTey Emergency Services. Source: East Of England Ambulance Services, Essex Police, Essex County Fire & Rescue Services,A1124 Google North Essex Garden CommunitiesMaps to Identify Community Facilities, Libraries and Youth Centres Site Study Area 5km Buffer Zone North Essex Garden Communities B1508 District / Borough Boundary

AECOM 101 Woodland Urban Area A1124 A131 A12 Waterbody A Road A134 B Road Minor Road

B1024 Railway A12 (! Railway Station Colchester Borough Community Facility "C Community Centre "C Library "C Youth Centre Emergency Service A134 A133 E3 "&C Ambulance Station "&C E2 C3 "%Y "%Y Fire Station C4 B1408 "$g Police Station

A120 E1 "%Y C5

B1022

B1024

Braintree District

B1023

B1018 B1026 B1023 ² 00.5 1 2

Kilometers Community Services - Marks Tey North Essex Garden Communities North Essex Garden Communities Concept Feasibility Study - Baseline Compendium Colchester Borough Council, Braintree District Council, Tendring District Council and Essex County Council

This chapter provides baseline synthesis and key findings associated to the West of Braintree area of investigation and the wider 5km buffer zone.

102 AECOM Colchester Borough Council, Braintree District Council, Tendring District Council and Essex County Council North Essex Garden Communities Concept Feasibility Study - Baseline Compendium

05 West of Braintree 5.1 Site Overview and Landuse 5.2 Call for Sites 5.3 Land Ownership and Development Arrangements 5.4 Surrounding Settlement Hierarchy 5.5 Economic Context 5.6 Movement and Connectivity 5.7 Landscape and Strategic Networks 5.8 Agricultural Land Classifications and Mineral Safeguarding Areas 5.9 Ecological Designations 5.10 Parks, Recreation and Historic Environment 5.11 Water Cycle 5.12 Utilities 5.13 Social Infrastructure

AECOM 103 North Essex Garden Communities Concept Feasibility Study - Baseline Compendium Colchester Borough Council, Braintree District Council, Tendring District Council and Essex County Council

5.1 Site Overview and Landuse

Boxted Wood

Stebbing Green

UttlesfordUttlesford DistrictDistrict Blake End 10-year Mineral Uttlesford District B1256 Extraction Zone UttlesfordUttlesford DistrictDistrict Uttlesford District Great Dunmow B1256 Rayne B1256

A120 B1417 A120 ² A120 B1417 B1417 A131 00.2² 0.4 0.8 ² Kilometers A131 00.2 0.4 0.8 Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Source: Esri, DigitalGlobe, GeoEye, Earthstar Geographics, CNES/Airbus DS, USDA, USGS, AEX, Getmapping, Aerogrid, IGN, IGP, swisstopo, and the A131GIS User Community 00.2 0.4 0.8 Kilometers Legend Braintree - Site OverviewFigure 83: West Braintree Context Kilometers Site Study Area 104 AECOM North Essex GardenBraintree Communities - Site Overview District / Borough Braintree - Site Overview Boundary B1053 North Essex GardenNorth Communities Essex Garden Communities Urban Area A Road B Road Minor Road

Braintree District

UttlesfordUttlesford DistrictDistrict

B1256

A120 B1417 ²

A131 00.2 0.4 0.8

Kilometers Braintree - Site Overview North Essex Garden Communities Colchester Borough Council, Braintree District Council, Tendring District Council and Essex County Council North Essex Garden Communities Concept Feasibility Study - Baseline Compendium

5.2 Call for Sites

Site District / Borough Boundary Urban Area A Road B Road Key Findings Minor Road Railway B1053 (! Railway Station −− The Call for Sites process for Colchester and Braintree undertaken to support the development of their new Local Plans identified 7 sites associated with the West of Braintree Garden Communities option.

−− The aggregated call for sites area totals 1096.51ha with proposed uses comprising a Garden Village with employment Class B8 uses.

−− The individual site details are shown below in Table 21. GRSA270B −− Aggregated, the individual sites have the capacity in principle (i.e. before site capacity testing) to accommodate at least 10,000 homes, equivalent to an approximate population of 24,000.

Braintree District

GRSA270C GRSA269

GRSA269

GRSA270 Call for Sites Location Proposed Use Site Area (ha) Reference Land centred on Saling GRSA270A Airfield between Uttlesford Districtt GRSA269 Garden Village 909.014 Stebbing and Rayne, B1256 GRSA269 Braintree GRSA268 GRSA270 Boxted Wood Residential 127.135

GRSA270A Boxted Wood Null 35.564

GRSA270B Boxted Wood Null 13.22 GRSA269

GRSA270C Boxted Wood Null 5.422 A120 A131 B1417 Land adjacent to Oak Residential *note flood GRSA268 1.521 View, Blake End, Rayne boundary change Out Of District South Of RAYN512 Employment B8 4.634 Dunmow Road, Blake End ²

Total Site Area: 1096.51ha 0 0.25 0.5 1

Table 21: Call for Sites - West of Braintree Kilometers Figure 84: West Braintree Source: Braintree DC Call for Sites AECOM Braintree 105 North Essex Garden Communities North Essex Garden Communities Concept Feasibility Study - Baseline Compendium Colchester Borough Council, Braintree District Council, Tendring District Council and Essex County Council

5.3 Land Promoters and Development Agreements

Key Findings

Andrewsfield New Settlement −− Andrewsfield New Settlement Consortium has been set up comprising four major landowners with holdings in Braintree District and adjoining land within Uttlesford on a 910ha site.

−− This consortium is being led by the Bucknell Family, however the ownership structure is unclear.

Boxted Wood Development −− The Boxted Wood development is currently being promoted by Galliard Homes with potential to deliver approximately 7,500 new homes. Previous to this in 2008 an EIA Screening opinion was sought for the development of up to 4,500 homes and other uses listed below in this located, within Utterford District (Ref: UTT/0262/08/50), but no planning application was subsequently submitted.

−− An outline application lodged in February 2010, prepared in collaboration with AR Urbanism, comprised the following: - - 4500 new houses and flats - - 50,000sqm retail uses - - A civic centre - - 50,000sqm employment uses - - 4 new schools - - Major areas of public open space, and leisure and recreation facilities.

Table 22: Preparation Documents Commissioned by Promoters to Date

Document Prepared By Andrewsfield Garden Village Garden Communities Feasibility Study CAPITA Development Vision and Masterplan CAPITA - Call for Sites, June 2015 Landscape Assessment CAPITA - Call for Sites, June 2015 Ecology Assessment CAPITA - Call for Sites, June 2015 Geoenvironmental Assessment CAPITA - Call for Sites, June 2015 Transport Assessment CAPITA - Call for Sites, June 2015 Flood Risk & Drainage Strategy CAPITA - Call for Sites, June 2015 Viability Assessment CAPITA - Call for Sites, June 2015 Boxted Wood Strategic Masterplan plus Galliard Land Galliard Homes / AECOM Figure 85: West Braintree / Andrewsfield Garden Village Land Ownership. Source: Received from Braintree District Council Capacity Testing Galliard Homes / AECOM

106 AECOM Colchester Borough Council, Braintree District Council, Tendring District Council and Essex County Council North Essex Garden Communities Concept Feasibility Study - Baseline Compendium

5.4 Surrounding Settlement Hierarchy

Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Legend Legend LegendSite Study Area Site Study Area 5kmSite Buffer Study Zone Area Key Findings 5km Buffer Zone District / Borough Boundary 5km Buffer Zone District / Borough Boundary A Road District / Borough BoundaryA Road −− The area of investigation West of Braintree has a strong rural character, B Road A Road B Road synonymous with the predominantly agricultural area. Minor Road B1057 B Road Minor Road B1051 Shalford Uttlesford B1057 Shalford B1051 Minor Road Uttlesford −− Surrounding populations are sparse although there is a minor ! Rural Settlement - Type A B1057 Shalford A concentration in theB1051 village of Rayne, situated approximately 0.8km to the Uttlesford A! Rural Settlement - Type A A1017 A! Rural Settlement - Type B east of the site along Dunmow Road, north of the A120. A1017A! Rural Settlement -A! TypeRural A Settlement - Type B Braintree −− Further east, the urban area of Braintree has the highest concentration A1017 A! Rural Settlement Braintree- Type B A! Main Town of population and economic activity in the surrounding areaB184 and is A! Main Town B184 Braintree approximately 3.7km away from the area of investigation. A! Other Village Lindsell A! Other Village Lindsell PopulationA! Main Density Town −− The market town of Great DunmowB184 is located approximately 6km to the Population Density Braintree District 0.2 - 1 west of the area of investigation (just outside the 5km buffer zone) and has Braintree District ! Other Village 0.2 - 1 A 1.1 - 2.5 a modest population with some key service provision. Lindsell B1053 1.1 - 2.5 Great Saling B1053 Population2.6 - 5.0 Density 2.6 - 5.0 Great Saling 5.1 - 7.5 −− The area of investigation would struggle to connect to any notable Braintree District 0.2 - 1 5.1 - 7.5 7.6 - 10.0 urban settlements to the north and south which both open up to further Panfield 1.1 - 2.5 7.6 - 10.0 B1053 Panfield 10.1 - 20.0 2.6 - 5.0 10.1 - 20.0 agriculture and open countryside with very low and sparse populations. Great Saling 20.1 - 40.0 5.1 - 7.5 20.1 - 40.0 A131 40.1 - 70.0 40.1 - 70.0 A131 70.17.6 - - 110.0 10.0 Panfield 70.1 - 110.0 Stebbing 110.110.1 - -165.0 20.0 Braintree District Uttlesford District Stebbing Braintree District Uttlesford District 110.1 - 165.0 Uttlesford District Bocking 20.1 - 40.0 Bocking 40.1 - 70.0 BRAINTREE A131 BRAINTREE 70.1 - 110.0

Stebbing Rayne 110.1 - 165.0 Braintree District Uttlesford District Rayne Bocking Population density measured as

B1256 people per hectare B1256 BRAINTREE B1256 A120 Little Dunmow B1256 A120 Little Dunmow A120 Rayne A120

Flitch Green Flitch Green B1256 A130 Felsted Felsted Great Notley A130 B1256 Great Notley A120 Little Dunmow A120

Flitch Green

B1008 Felsted B1417 A130 B1008 B1417 Great Notley A131 B1018 A131 B1018 Chelmsford Borough Chelmsford Borough ² ² B184 00.5 1 2 B184 00.5 1 2 B1008 B1417 Kilometers Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Kilometers A131 Key Spatial RelationshipsFigure 86: West - Braintree Braintree Settlement Hierarchy. Source: AECOM B1018 Legend Site Study Area Key Spatial Relationships - BraintreeChelmsford Borough North Essex Garden Communities 5km Buffer Zone North Essex Garden Communities ² District / Borough Boundary AECOM 107 A Road 00.5 1 2 B184 B Road Kilometers Minor Road B1057 B1051 Shalford Uttlesford Key Spatial Relationships - Braintree A! Rural Settlement - Type A A1017 A! Rural Settlement - Type B North Essex Garden Communities Braintree

A! Main Town B184 A! Other Village Lindsell Population Density Braintree District 0.2 - 1 1.1 - 2.5 B1053 Great Saling 2.6 - 5.0 5.1 - 7.5 7.6 - 10.0 Panfield 10.1 - 20.0 20.1 - 40.0

A131 40.1 - 70.0 70.1 - 110.0 Stebbing 110.1 - 165.0 Braintree District Uttlesford District Bocking

BRAINTREE

Rayne

B1256 B1256 A120 Little Dunmow A120

Flitch Green

Felsted A130 Great Notley

B1008 B1417

A131 B1018 Chelmsford Borough ²

B184 00.5 1 2 Kilometers Key Spatial Relationships - Braintree North Essex Garden Communities North Essex Garden Communities Concept Feasibility Study - Baseline Compendium Colchester Borough Council, Braintree District Council, Tendring District Council and Essex County Council

5.5 Economic Context

−− To attract future business flexible and highly accessible employment B1256 A130 5 space most likely to be in demand. A130 B1256 6 A120 −− Relative proximity (accessibility) to the major economic drivers of the ^_1 A120 region (M11 – London/Stansted/Cambridge Corridor) and Stansted Airport help create the conditions to drive a residential market and opportunity within the Garden Community. B1008 B1417 A130 B1008 B1417 −− Evidence shows that clustering is key to the types of B1 office occupiers A131 B1018 Chelmsford Borough A131 B1018 that might be attracted to this region. Therefore opportunity to establish Chelmsford Borough strong links with the existing Skyline 120 Business Park and enable further ² clustering of business will likely be an important consideration. ² B184 00.5 1 2 B184 00.5 1 2 Kilometers B1008 B1417Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Source: Esri, DigitalGlobe, GeoEye, Earthstar Geographics, CNES/Airbus DS, USDA, USGS, AEX, Getmapping, Aerogrid, IGN, IGP, swisstopo, and the GIS User Community Kilometers Legend Figure 87: West Braintree Economic Context. Source: AECOM. Employment Land Concentrations - Braintree A131 B1018 Employment Land Concentrations - BraintreeChelmsford Borough Site Study Area District / Borough North Essex Garden Communities Boundary North Essex Garden Communities 108 ²AECOM 5km Buffer Zone Urban Area 00.5 1 2 B184 A Road B1057 B Road B1051 Kilometers Railway (! Railway Station Employment Land Concentrations - Braintree A1017 Town Centre Retail Park North Essex Garden Communities Industrial Estate / Business Park

B184 Future Strategy

Braintree District Great Notley Strategic ^_ Employment Site

^_ Land off Panfield Lane

B1053 1 - Great Notley Industrial Estate 2 - Broomhill Industrial Estate 3 - Springwood Industrial Estate 4 - The Colchester Centre 5 - Freeport Village 6 - Braintree Retail Park

A131 ^_ Uttlesford District 3

B1256 2 4

B1256 5 B1256 6 A120 ^_1 A120

A130

B1008 B1417

A131 B1018 Chelmsford Borough ²

B184 00.5 1 2 Kilometers Employment Land Concentrations - Braintree North Essex Garden Communities Colchester Borough Council, Braintree District Council, Tendring District Council and Essex County Council North Essex Garden Communities Concept Feasibility Study - Baseline Compendium

5.6 Utilities

Sources

−− Anglian Water

near the development. Felsted Braintree Grid B1008 B1417 Telecommunications A130 Barnston B1008 B1417 Willows Green A131 B1018 A131 B1018 −− Evidence appears limited. Additional investigation required. Chelmsford Borough Chelmsford Borough ² ² B184 00.5 1 2 B184 00.5 1 2 B1008 B1417 Kilometers Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Kilometers Legend Figure 88: West Braintree Utilities. Source: Anglian Water / National Grid A131 B1018 Key Spatial Relationships - Braintree Chelmsford Borough Utilities - Braintree Site Study Area 5km Buffer Zone North Essex Garden Communities Wettersfield North Essex Garden Communities District / Borough AECOM ²109 Woodland

B184 00.5 1 2 Urban Area Waterbody Kilometers B1057 B1051 Shalford A Road B Road Utilities - Braintree Minor Road A1017 Railway North Essex Garden Communities !! Gas Pipe - National Grid

Electricity Line B184

A! A! A!Tower Line - 132,000v A! A! A! Pole Line - 33,000v

Overhead Line Electricity Substation B1053 Braintree District B# Primary Substation B# Substation

A131 Waste Water Treatment Works Braintree Depot Primary Bocking " Works operated by Anglian C Water

Rayne Uttlesford District

Lake and Elliot Primary

B1256 Braintree B1256 A120 A120

Felsted Braintree Grid

A130 Barnston Willows Green

B1008 B1417

A131 B1018 Chelmsford Borough ²

B184 00.5 1 2 Kilometers Utilities - Braintree North Essex Garden Communities North Essex Garden Communities Concept Feasibility Study - Baseline Compendium Colchester Borough Council, Braintree District Council, Tendring District Council and Essex County Council

5.7 Landscape Character, Sensitivity and Condition

n A1017 −− The topography, slopes gently from north to south. The eastern and t A!TopographyMain Town (m) 1 - 5 B184 southern parts of the site lie between 60m and 70m AOD, increasing to P -2 - 0 6 - 10 B B184 a Other Village n ! r A a 11 - 15 100m AOD to the west and north. Lindsell int 1 - 5 Population Density 16 - 20 6 - 10 −− The site is bounded to the southB184 by the A12 and B1256 and the River Ter B Braintree District 0.2 - 1 21 - 25 r a 11 - 15 in 1.1 - 2.5 26 - 30 corridor. The eastern boundary skirts around the western edge of the B1053 16 - 20 settlement of Rayne and follows the valley of Pod’s Brook as far north Great Saling B1053 2.6 - 5.0 31 - 35 as the settlement of Great Saling. The site is bounded on the west by 5.1 - 7.521 - 25 36 - 40 7.6 - 10.026 - 30 41 - 45 Stebbing Green in the south and Mouslin Wood and Cannon Wood in the Panfield 10.1 - 20.0 north. Andrewsfield Aerodrome is located in the north-west corner of the B1053 31 - 35 46 - 50 20.1 - 40.0 site. Isolated farmsteads are scattered across the site, connected by a 36 - 40 51 - 55 40.1 - 70.0 56 - 60 comprehensive network of rural lanes, two of which are protected. A131 41 - 45 A131 70.1 - 110.0 61 - 65 46 - 50 Stebbing 110.1 - 165.0 Braintree District Uttlesford District 66 - 70 −− Several small, often linear settlements are scattered across the landscape 51 - 55 71 - 75 dominated by 20th Century properties, including local vernacular buildings Bocking 56 - 60 76 - 80 with timber-frames and thatched roofs BRAINTREE A131 61 - 65 81 - 90 Stebbing Brook 66 - 70 91 - 100 −− The open plateau landscape is fairly exposed allowing long distance views Rayne B1256 101 - 115 across the site. On the gentle valley slope, the fields are smaller and the 71 - 75 views more channelled by the topography of the land and higher density of 76 - 80 B1256 trees. In the North West corner of the site, is Andrew’s Fields Aerodrome 81 - 90 Stebbing Brook B1256 B1256 A120 Little Dunmow with a large hangar and several light aircraft adjacent to a grass runway. A120B1256 91 - 100 A120 B1256 This area provides open long distance views across flat open plateaus. A120 101 - 115

−− Many small woods and copses provide structure and edges in the Flitch Green landscape (Braintree, Brentwood, Chelmsford, Maldon and Uttlesford A130 Felsted B1256 Chel Great Notley mer (Gt. Landscape Character Assessments, September 2006). A130 Eas to B1256 A120 n - R A120 . −− The geology is predominately chalky Boulder Clay at higher ground with C a n sands and gravels and patches of London Clay bedrock at lower levels ) (Braintree Historic Environment Characterisation, 2010). B1417 Chelm B1008 er ( A130 Gt. B1008 B1417 Eas A131 B1018 to n - A131 B1018 R Chelmsford Borough . C a n ) ² ² B184 00.5 1 2 00.5 1 2 B184 Kilometers B1008 B1417 Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Contains Environment Agency information © Environment Agency and database right. Contains, or is based on, information supplied by Natural England. Kilometers Figure 89: West Braintree Landscape and Topography. Source: Natural England / Environment Agency Legend Key Spatial Relationships - Braintree A131 B1018 Landscape and Strategic Networks - Braintree Site Study Area North Essex Garden Communities 5km Buffer Zone Urban Area 110 North Essex Garden Communities AECOM ² Waterbody A Road 00.5 1 2 B184 B Road B1057 B1051 Kilometers Minor Road Railway (! Railway Station Landscape and Strategic Networks - Braintree A1017 Topography (m)

P -2 - 0 a North Essex Garden Communities n t 1 - 5 6 - 10 B184 B r a 11 - 15 in 16 - 20 21 - 25 26 - 30

B1053 31 - 35 36 - 40 41 - 45 46 - 50 51 - 55 56 - 60 A131 61 - 65 66 - 70 71 - 75 76 - 80 81 - 90 Stebbing Brook 91 - 100 B1256 101 - 115

B1256 B1256 A120 A120

Chel mer (Gt. A130 Eas to n

- R . C a n )

B1008 B1417 A131 B1018 ²

B184 00.5 1 2 Kilometers Landscape and Strategic Networks - Braintree North Essex Garden Communities Colchester Borough Council, Braintree District Council, Tendring District Council and Essex County Council North Essex Garden Communities Concept Feasibility Study - Baseline Compendium

Figure 90: View across the open fields of the the Site Area West of Braintree looking north with the settlements of Rayne and Braintree on the right to the east. Source: Bing Maps Bird’s Eye View

Sources

−− Natural England, National Character Areas - GIS Digital Boundary Datasets

−− OS Terrain 50

−− Environment Agency Geostore

−− Natural England, National Character Areas

−− Soilscape, National Soil Resources Institute (accessed through magic. co.uk)

−− Braintree, Brentwood, Chelmsford, Maldon and Uttlesford landscape character assessments (September 2006)

−− Braintree, Brentwood, Chelmsford, Maldon And Uttlesford Landscape Character Assessments (September 2006)

−− Braintree District Protected Lanes Assessment (July 2013)

Figure 91: View towards the site looking east from Great Dunmow. Source: Bing Maps Bird’s Eye View

AECOM 111 North Essex Garden Communities Concept Feasibility Study - Baseline Compendium Colchester Borough Council, Braintree District Council, Tendring District Council and Essex County Council

5.8 Agricultural Land Classifications and Mineral Safeguarding Areas

Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Contains Environment Agency information © Environment Agency and database right Legend Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Contains Environment Agency information © Environment Agency and database right Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Contains Environment Agency information © Environment Agency and database right Site Study Area Legend Legend District / Borough Boundary Site Study Area Site Study Area Key Findings 5km Buffer Zone District / Borough Boundary District / Borough Boundary Waterbody 5km Buffer Zone 5km Buffer Zone A Road Waterbody Waterbody −− The quality of agricultural land is predominantly very good (Grade 2) with an B Road A Road A Road area to the north east and north west within Site Development that is good Minor Road B Road B Road to moderate Railway Minor Road Minor Road Railway (! Railway Station Railway (! Railway Station −− Sand and gravel Mineral Safeguarding Area covers the majority of the Mineral and Waste Site site. This does not prevent future development within West of Braintree, (! Railway Station Mineral and Waste Site MSA - Sand and Gravel however the designation ensures that mineral resources are considered in Mineral and Waste Site MSA - Sand and Gravel Agricultural Land Classification MSA - Sand and GravelAgricultural Land Classification making land-use planning decisions. The area to the south and east of the Grade 2 - Very Good Agricultural Land Classification Grade 2 - Very Good Site Study Area is not covered by a Mineral Safeguarding Area. Grade 3 - Good to Moderate Grade 2 - Very Good Grade 3 - Good to Moderate Land predominantly in −− There are several mineral and waste sites, with the largest to the south Grade 3 - Good to Moderate Land predominantly in urban area west of the Site Study Area. urban area Land predominantly in urban area

Braintree District Braintree District

Braintree District

Uttlesford District Uttlesford District

Uttlesford District

Chelmsford Borough Sources Chelmsford Borough ² Chelmsford Borough ² 00.5 1 2 −− Natural England, National Character Areas - GIS Digital Boundary 00.5² 1 2 Kilometers Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Contains Environment Agency information © Environment Agency and database right Kilometers 00.5 1 2 Legend AgriculturalFigure Land 92: West of BraintreeClassification Agricultural Land Classifications - Braintree and Mineral Safeguarding Areas. Source: Natural England / Mineral Safegarding Zones Received from Essex County Council Kilometers Site Study Area Agricultural LandNorth Classification Essex Garden Communities - Braintree District / Borough Boundary 112 AECOM NorthAgricultural Essex Garden Land Communities Classification - Braintree 5km Buffer Zone Waterbody North Essex Garden Communities A Road B Road Minor Road Railway (! Railway Station Mineral and Waste Site

MSA - Sand and Gravel Agricultural Land Classification Grade 2 - Very Good Grade 3 - Good to Moderate

Land predominantly in urban area

Braintree District

Uttlesford District

Chelmsford Borough ² 00.5 1 2

Kilometers Agricultural Land Classification - Braintree North Essex Garden Communities Colchester Borough Council, Braintree District Council, Tendring District Council and Essex County Council North Essex Garden Communities Concept Feasibility Study - Baseline Compendium

5.9 Ecological Designations

Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Contains Environment Agency information © Environment Agency and database right. Contains, or is based on, information supplied by Natural England. Legend Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Contains Environment Agency information © Environment Agency and database right. Contains, or is based on, information supplied by Natural England. Legend LegendSite Study Area Site Study Area 5km Buffer Zone Key Findings Site Study Area 5km Buffer Zone District / Borough Boundary 5km Buffer Zone Urban Area A Road Urban Area Waterbody B Road −− There are no European designations on site or within the buffer zone. Waterbody A Road Minor Road B Road B1057 Shalford A Road B1051 B1057 Uttlesford −− There are no SSSIs within the site, but in 5km the buffer zone towards Minor Road B1051 B Road ! Rural Settlement - Type A the north there are a series of SSSI units associated with Bovingdon Hall B1057 A Railway Minor Road B1051 (! Railway Station Woods (1). A1017 A! Rural Settlement - Type B 1 A1017 Railway Local Nature Reserve −− While there are no local nature reserves within the site there are a number Braintree(! Railway Station A1017 to the east of the site. Cuckoo Wood (2) is a designated local nature SSSI A! MainLocal Town Nature Reserve reserve with an array of habitats which contains rare speciesB184 and an Country Parks B184 ! Other Village abundance of fungi meaning it is not open to the public but is used as an A SSSI Woodpasture and Parkland Lindsell educational resource. Hoppit Mead Local Nature Reserve (3) is one of a Population Density Ancient Woodland Country Parks number of open spaces being markedB184 as the “John Ray Park” after the Braintree District 0.2 - 1 National Forest Inventory Woodpasture and Parkland local naturalist and has significant social and ecological value. Bocking 1.1 - 2.5 B1053 Ancient Woodland Blackwater Local Nature Reserve (4) has a variety of habitats, amenity Great Saling B1053 2.6 - 5.0 features and contains a range of flora including veteran trees. 5.1National - 7.5 Forest Inventory 7.6 - 10.0 Panfield −− The area of investigation contains various sites of nature conservation B1053 10.1 - 20.0 20.1 - 40.0 value, including ancient and semi-natural woodland habitats including 8 Boxted Wood (5), Blackbush Wood (6), and Golden Grove (7). A131 40.1 - 70.0 A131 70.1 - 110.0 −− Pods Brook (8) is a complex habitat site comprising a variety of scrub, Stebbing 110.1 - 165.0 Braintree District Uttlesford District 7 wetland and grassland habitats. Several ponds are associated with both Bocking 4 key watercourses, and several unnamed streams run across the site. 5 BRAINTREE A131 6 B1256 Rayne

B1256 B1256 B1256 3 A120 Little Dunmow B1256 A120 B1256 A120 A120

Flitch Green 2 Felsted B1256 A130 Great Notley A130 B1256 A120 A120

B1008 B1417 A130 B1008 B1417 A131 B1018 A131 B1018 Sources Chelmsford Borough ² ² −− Natural England, National Character Areas - GIS Digital Boundary Datasets 00.5 1 2 B184 00.5 1 2 −− OS Terrain 50 B184 B1008 B1417 Kilometers Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Contains Environment Agency information © EnvironmentKilometers Agency and database right. Contains, or is based on, information supplied by Natural England. Figure 93: West Braintree Ecological Designations. Source: Natural England / Environment Agency. Legend Key Spatial Relationships - Braintree A131 B1018 Ecological Designations - Braintree Site Study Area North Essex Garden Communities 5km Buffer Zone North Essex Garden Communities Urban Area AECOM ²113 Waterbody

B184 00.5 1 2 A Road B Road Kilometers B1057 B1051 Minor Road Railway Ecological Designations - Braintree (! Railway Station A1017 North Essex Garden Communities Local Nature Reserve SSSI

Country Parks B184 Woodpasture and Parkland Ancient Woodland National Forest Inventory

B1053

A131

B1256

B1256 B1256 A120 A120

A130

B1008 B1417 A131 B1018 ²

B184 00.5 1 2 Kilometers Ecological Designations - Braintree North Essex Garden Communities North Essex Garden Communities Concept Feasibility Study - Baseline Compendium Colchester Borough Council, Braintree District Council, Tendring District Council and Essex County Council

5.10 Parks, Recreation and Historic Environment

Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Contains, or is based on, information supplied by Historic England. Legend Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Contains, or is based on, information supplied by Historic England. Legend LegendSite Study Area Site Study Area 5km Buffer Zone Key Findings Site Study Area 5km Buffer Zone District / Borough Boundary 5km Buffer Zone District / Borough Boundary A Road District / Borough BoundaryUrban Area B Road −− There are a number of listed buildings scattered across the site, and small Urban Area Waterbody Minor Road clusters within the linear settlements surrounding the site. In particular the B1057 Waterbody A Road B1051 Shalford Uttlesford B1057 B Road area around Great Saling Hall is classified as a Conservation Area.B1051 A Road A! Rural Settlement - Type A Minor Road B1057 B Road B1051 Railway −− The grounds of the hall along with the cemetery of St James’ Church are A1017 ! Rural Settlement - Type B A1017A Minor Road registered as historic parks and gardens. (! Railway Station BraintreeRailway Scheduled Monument A1017 (! Railway Station Registered Parks & Gardens A! Main Town B184 Scheduled Monument Country Parks B184 A! OtherRegistered Village Parks &Listed Gardens Buildings - Grade Lindsell Braintree District PopulationCountry Density Parks ^_ I B184 Braintree District Listed0.2 Buildings - 1 - Grade^_ II Braintree District 1.1 - 2.5 B1053 ^_ I ^_ II* Great Saling B1053 2.6 - 5.0 2 ^_ 5.1II - 7.5 7.6 - 10.0 Panfield ^_ II* Uttlesford District 10.1 - 20.0 1 B1053 20.1 - 40.0

A131 40.1 - 70.0 A131 70.1 - 110.0 Uttlesford District Stebbing 110.1 - 165.0 Braintree District Uttlesford District Bocking

BRAINTREE A131

B1256 Rayne

B1256 B1256 B1256 A120 Little Dunmow B1256 A120 B1256 A120 A120

Flitch Green

Felsted B1256 A130 Great Notley A130 Sources B1256 A120 A120 −− Colchester Borough Council Country Parks and LNRs (accessed through http://www.colchester.gov.uk/article/11794/Country-Parks-and-Local- Nature-Reserves) B1008 B1417 A130 B1008 B1417 −− Braintree Historic Environment Characterisation (2010) A131 A131 B1018 B1018 Chelmsford Borough Chelmsford Borough Chelmsford Borough −− OS Terrain 50 ² ² −− Natural England GIS Digital Boundary Datasets B184 00.5 1 2 B184 00.5 1 2 −− Historic England B1008 B1417 Kilometers Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Contains, or is based on, information supplied by HistoricKilometers England. A131 Legend Key Spatial RelationshipsFigure 94: West - Braintree Braintree Recreational and Heritage Assets. Source: English Heritage / Natural England B1018 Heritage Assets - Braintree Chelmsford Borough Site Study Area North Essex Garden Communities 5km Buffer Zone North Essex Garden Communities District / Borough Boundary 114 ²AECOM Urban Area

B184 00.5 1 2 Waterbody A Road Kilometers B1057 B1051 B Road Minor Road Heritage Assets - Braintree Railway A1017 (! Railway Station North Essex Garden Communities Scheduled Monument Registered Parks & Gardens Country Parks B184 Listed Buildings - Grade Braintree District ^_ I

^_ II ^_ II* B1053

Uttlesford District

A131

B1256

B1256 B1256 A120 A120

A130

B1008 B1417 A131 B1018 Chelmsford Borough ²

B184 00.5 1 2 Kilometers Heritage Assets - Braintree North Essex Garden Communities Colchester Borough Council, Braintree District Council, Tendring District Council and Essex County Council North Essex Garden Communities Concept Feasibility Study - Baseline Compendium

5.11 Water Cycle

Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Contains Environment Agency information © Environment Agency and database right Legend Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Contains Environment Agency information © Environment Agency and database right Legend LegendSite Study Area Site Study Area P 5km Buffer Zone Key Findings ant Site Study Area P District / Borough Boundary an District / Borough Boundary t District / Borough Boundary5km Buffer Zone A Road 5km Buffer Zone Urban Area B Road −− The open plateau landscape is dissected and drained by a number of small B Urban Area Waterbody o Minor Road ur meandering streams and ditches that cut across the site. Pods Brook, B1057 ne A Road Shalford B Br UttlesfordWaterbody B1051 B1057 o oo forms the eastern boundary of the site, is a heavily modified waterB1051 course. u k B Road ) rn A Road n e B ! Rural Settlement - Type A o r A Minor Road It is considered to be in poor condition with low ecological potential in t B1057 oo B1051 s k B Road ) a A1017 Railway its current condition and is atn risk of further deterioration. River Ter flows E A! Rural Settlement - Type B . o t A1017 Minor Road t (! Railway Station G along the southern boundarys is in slightly better condition with moderates a / BraintreeRailway Watercourse Ecological Quality E (u ecological potential but is .also considered to be at risk. r A1017 t e (! Railway Station Moderate G m ! Main Town l A s Poor / B184 e Watercourse Ecological Quality −− Site Study Area is within(u surface and groundwater nitrate vulnerabilityh B184 r C ! Other Village Flood Risk from Rivers & Sea e A Moderate zones and drinking water surface water safeguard zone for Nitrate and Lindsell m High l PopulationPoor Density Pesticides. e h B184 Medium C Braintree District Flood0.2 Risk - 1 from Rivers & Sea Low −− The open plateau landscape is dissected and drained by a number of small 1.1 - 2.5 B1053 High Very Low B1053 2.6 - 5.0 meandering streams and ditches that cut across the site. Great Saling Medium 5.1 - 7.5 B

r Braintree District Low

−− The region east of Colchester (referred to in the Anglian Water i 7.6 - 10.0 Panfieldn Very Low development plan as “South Essex”) is predicted to be in water deficit B1053 10.1 - 20.0 condition by 2030 and water will need to be delivered from other areas 20.1 - 40.0 B

r Braintree District 40.1 - 70.0

within the Anglian Water region, or supplemented by neighbouring water a A131 i

n A131 companies. This is based on average growth trends. There is no specific 70.1 - 110.0 Stebbing 110.1 - 165.0 Braintree District information about the proposed development area. Uttlesford District S

t Bocking e

b −− There are no major supply projects planned during the current review b i Uttlesford District n BRAINTREE A131 g period (to 2020) – the focus is firmly on demand reduction by tackling B ro o B1256 leakage and installing water meters. k Rayne S

t e

−− The Colchester Water Recycling Centre (WRC), is near capacity. There b b

B1256i is a high level strategy to expand the plant, but expenditure Uttlesfordwill only be District n g B1256 B1256 B A120 B1256 committed in response to developer demand. Expansion will have a fairly ro Little Dunmow A120 o B1256 A120 long lead-in time, so there may be some constraint on early development. k A120

−− Most sewers are running with limited spare capacity, and the infrastructure Flitch Green C he upgrades will be needed to support potential development B1256 lme Felsted A130 r (Gt Great Notley A130 . Easton - R. Can ) B1256 −− There is no informationA120 on flood risk. However surface water networks are A120 at capacity and potential developments will need to deal with their surface Ter run-off in a way that does not impose any additional load on the system.

In practice, this means that surface water cannot be discharged to Cthe he lme existing disposal network. r (G B1008 B1417 t. Ea . Can A130 ston - R ) B1008 B1417 A131 A131 B1018 B1018 Chelmsford Borough Sources Chelmsford Borough Chelmsford Borough Ter ² ² −− Natural England - GIS Digital Boundary Datasets C B184 an 00.5 1 2 B184 00.5 1 2 −− OS Terrain 50 B1008 B1417 Kilometers Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Contains Environment Agency information © EnvironmentKilometers Agency and database right Figure 95: West Braintree Water Cycle. Source: Environment Agency. A131 Legend −− Environment Agency Geostore B1018 Key Spatial Relationships - Braintree Chelmsford Borough Site Study Area Water Cycle - Braintree P ant North Essex Garden Communities District / Borough Boundary North Essex Garden Communities 5km Buffer Zone AECOM ²115 Can Urban Area

B184 00.5 1 2 B Waterbody ou rn A Road e B Kilometers B1057 ro ok B Road B1051 ) n o Minor Road t s Water Cycle - Braintree a Railway E . A1017 t (! Railway Station G /s Watercourse Ecological Quality North Essex Garden Communities (u r e Moderate

m l e Poor h B184 C Flood Risk from Rivers & Sea High Medium Low Very Low B1053

r Braintree District

i n

A131

t e

i Uttlesford District n g B ro o B1256 k

B1256 B1256 A120 A120

C he lme r (G t. Ea . Can A130 ston - R )

Ter

B1008 B1417 A131 B1018 Chelmsford Borough ² Can

B184 00.5 1 2 Kilometers Water Cycle - Braintree North Essex Garden Communities North Essex Garden Communities Concept Feasibility Study - Baseline Compendium Colchester Borough Council, Braintree District Council, Tendring District Council and Essex County Council

5.12 Movement and Connectivity

Key Findings Key

−− London Stansted Airport lies approximately 20km west, accessed via the Study area A120. A Road −− Braintree mainline station and Braintree Freeport station, both operated B Road by Abellio Greater Anglia, provide access to the Braintree branch line operating between Witham, part of the wider GEML. This line provides a Strategic bus route/bus stop frequency of 1 tph in both directions. Local bus route/bus stop −− The stations are located to the east of the site, outside of walking Pedestrian/cycle way distances, but potentially on the edge of acceptable maximum cycle (Flitch way) distances - it’s generally accepted two kilometers (km) and five km represent reasonable distances to replace short car trips by walking and Pedestrian Bridge cycling respectively. Existing access to site 26 car parking spaces −− Inter urban bus route NEx250 and NEx484 along with local services (route Braintree station 52 cycle parking spaces SX133) run on the A120 along the southern periphery of the site providing 6km via B1256 links with Colchester and west Essex. Yet, these routes only provide a low frequency of service. Bus 16 −− National Cycle Network NCN 16 begins at the intersection with Route 13 at Birchanger near Stansted. The route heads south-east on bridle paths from the village of Birchanger near Stansted to join a traffic-free railway path known as the Flitch Way. - - the first section of the route connects Route 13 near Stansted via Great Braintree Dunmow, Braintree and Witham and continues to the intersection of 120 Route 1 near Great Totham. A - - the second section of NCN16 will eventually connect Basildon with Shoeburyness, near Southend-on-Sea. Bus SX133

−− Flitch way runs in an in an east-west direction providing a pedestrian Bus NEx 250 connection between Braintree Rail station and Dunmow. The route crosses the A120 over an elevated bridge section close to the south east boundary Braintree of the site. Freeport −− Numerous roads (predominantly B-roads, country lanes and farm tracks) Figure 96: West of Braintree Movement Network. AECOM. currently run through the site, providing vehicular access to the area. The nature of the roads mean pedestrian footway connections are limited - in many cases to one side of the carriageway or not present in the case of the country lanes.

116 AECOM Colchester Borough Council, Braintree District Council, Tendring District Council and Essex County Council North Essex Garden Communities Concept Feasibility Study - Baseline Compendium

SWOT - Strategic network

Strengths Weaknesses Opportunities Constraints

Direct access to the A120 via existing B1417/A120 and Level of noise and pollution from road network. B1256/A120 junctions. Upgrade the existing access to the A120 to accommodate A12 Impact on the role of the strategic highway infrastructure Free flowing traffic / high quality road connection on this Road corridor creates barrier of movement between growth on site. section of the A120. different parts of the site

Improve service frequency: loop at Cressing, tram-train or Through service to Chelmsford, London, and Witham Low frequency: 1tph in either directions. guided bus. (interchange) via station at Braintree Town Braintree branch Car orientated development to prevail if site isn’t Located at more than 5km from the site, the station is line Provide an efficient public transport link from the site connected to a rail network Accessible by active modes using the existing Flitch Way difficult to access via active modes to Braintree/Braintree Freeport stations and upgrade trail. existing Flitch Way.

Increase the number of existing services to provide Interurban and local bus network connections to greater frequency. A car orientated development will prevail if a bus network Bus network Stansted, Braintree, Colchester etc. via the A120 and Low service frequency Integrate bus services within the site - all parts of the through the site and connections to rail based transport A130. development located within walking distance of a stop Develop a comprehensive walking and cycling network Flitch way (located south of the A120), cycle and within the site pedestrian only path connecting directly to Braintree town No viable pedestrian or cycle routes of note exist within centre and station. the site. Improve linkages between this network Flitch way A car orientated development will prevail with short Cycle network distance trips dominated by car use without clear Access to Flitch way from the site via existing crossings of Flitch Way currently configured for leisure activity rather Upgrade Flitch Way provide a viable commuting option for integration of cycle and pedestrian infrastructure . the A120 (East and West). than a direct route short trips. Pods lane protected lane running East of the site. Connection to the Skyline 120 is impetrative

AECOM 117 North Essex Garden Communities Concept Feasibility Study - Baseline Compendium Colchester Borough Council, Braintree District Council, Tendring District Council and Essex County Council

5.13 Social Infrastructure - Education

Essex County Council has developed a Commissioning School Places in Essex The 5km boundary of West of Braintree overlaps two local authorities (Braintree 2015-2020, published February 2016. Its role as Commissioner of school places, and Uttlesford). For the following social infrastructure review, both local provides information related to future pupil numbers and where further expansion authorities will be considered in assessing the current situation, committed will be required to meet housing demands. infrastructure and future issues.

Key Findings - Primary Key Findings - Secondary Key Findings - Further Education

Current Situation within 5km Boundary (May 2016) Current Situation within 5km Boundary(May 2016) Current Situation within 5km Boundary (May 2016)

2 21 1,049 4 333 Further Primary Schools Surplus Places Secondary Schools Surplus Places Education

Committed Infrastructure within 5km Boundary Committed Infrastructure within 5km Boundary Committed Infrastructure within 5km Boundary

−− There are no plans for a new or expansion of a primary school within −− A review of the Essex Commissioning School Places 2015-2020 identifies −− Committed or planned infrastructure for Post-16 Education is not known at Braintree in the 5km radius of the site no committed secondary school provision, assessment may be needed this time. to identify whether a new school(s) is required given the quantum of Future and Wider Issues development which might be delivered. Future and Wider Issues

−− The Commissioning Plan forecasts an increase of 76 primary school pupils Future and Wider Issues −− The minimum age at which young people in England can leave learning between 2015-2020 for Braintree, in which there is a forecast surplus of increased in 2013, requiring young people to continue education or 1,333 places across the local authority −− The Commissioning Plan forecasts an increase of 306 secondary school training to the end of the academic year in which they turn 17. pupils between 2015-2020 for Braintree, in which there is a forecast −− Within Uttlesford, the Commissioning Plan forecast an increase of239 surplus of 1,158 places across the local authority. −− This has been followed with a policy beginning in 2015 where all young primary school pupils between 2015-2020, in which there is a forecast people must remain in learning to their 18th birthday, This is referred to as surplus of 1,119 places across the local authority −− Within Uttlesford, the Commissioning Plan forecast an increase of254 Raising the Participation Age (RPA). primary school pupils between 2015-2020, in which there is a forecast −− Proposed growth West of Braintree would create a significant requirement surplus of 616 places across the local authority −− This puts more pressure on the local authorities to ensure and provide for primary school places, therefore proposals coming forward would need options for young people to learn the skills required. Local authorities have to consider the delivery of future education infrastructure provision. −− Essex County Council are seeking contributions from housing developers the duty to: towards the cost of providing the additional places required for the pupils −− Essex County Council are seeking contributions from housing developers generated by new housing. −− Promote effective participation in education or training to young towards the cost of providing the additional places required for the pupils people; generated by new housing. −− Ensure that sufficient places are available to meet the reasonable needs of all young people and encourage them to participate; and

−− Make available to young people support that will allow them to participate in education or training.

Sources

−− Department of Education, Edubase Portal (May 2016)

−− Commissioning School Places in Essex 2015-2020

118 AECOM Colchester Borough Council, Braintree District Council, Tendring District Council and Essex County Council North Essex Garden Communities Concept Feasibility Study - Baseline Compendium

Braintree District

Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Braintree DistrictBraintree District Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Legend Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Legend LegendSite Site Study Area SiteSite Boundary 5km Buffer Primary School Capacity Analysis Secondary School Capacity Analysis 5km Buffer Zone B1051 SiteDistrict Boundary / Borough 5km Buffer Boundary District / Borough Boundary Surplus / Secondary School Surplus / B1051 DistrictWoodland / Borough Boundary Primary School Name Capacity Label Capacity Label Woodland Deficit Name Deficit B1057 WoodlandUrban Area !H UrbanTown Area UrbanRayne Area Primary and B1057 256 -31 P1 Tabor Academy 1,050 62 S1 Nursery School !H TownWaterbody !H Town B1057 Waterbody WaterbodyStebbing Primary School 105 -22 P2 Notley High School and B1051 A Road 1,500 53 S2 Braintree District A1017 Braintree Sixth Form A BRoad Road AFelsted Road Primary School 262 50 P3 Braintree District A1017 B Road Minor Road BThe Road Edith Borthwick Alec Hunter Academy 1,142 218 S3 BraintreeP5 District 200 4 P4 A1017 Minor Road MinorSchool Road P5 Railway Railway (! Railway Station RailwayShalford Primary School 105 9 P5 TOTAL 3,692 333 P5 ! B184 ( Railway Station (! Primary School - RailwayJohn Bunyan Station Primary B184 A! Primary School - 210 -94 P6 Surplus/Deficit PrimarySchool School and - Nursery Surplus/Deficit B184 Surplus/Deficit John Bunyan Junior A! -180 - -50 300 60 P7 A! -180 - -50 School A! -180 - -50 A! -49 - 0 St Michael's CofE A! -49 - 0 404 -10 P8 B1053 A! Primary-49 - 0 School B1053 A!A! 1 1- 50- 50 P15 A! Notley1 - 50 Green Primary B1053 P15 420 12 P9 A!A! 5151 - 200- 200 School P13 ! 51 - 200 Further Education Facility Label A! ASt Francis Catholic A!A!201201 - 350- 350 Primary School, 210 3 P10 Braintree College F1 Braintree A! 201 - 350 Notley High School and Braintree Sixth Form F2 White Court School 597 -6 P11 A131A131 351 - 750 P2 P2 ! 351 - 750 S2 A! The Flitch Green S2 A 351 - 750 210 -54 P12 P2 F1 A131 !Academy P4 A P4 P19 Secondary School - A! S1 P7 P8 P19 Secondary School - Bocking Church Street S1 P7 P8 P4 ! Surplus/Deficit AP21 Surplus/Deficit 193 -43 P13 P6 P7 P21 P17 SecondaryPrimary School School - P12 A!S1 Uttlesford District P12 P18 P19 %, -180 - -50 Surplus/Deficit Uttlesford District P18 !A! %, -180 - -50 John Ray Infant School 360 35 P14 Uttlesford District %,A!P10 A A! Uttlesford District P16 %, -49 - 0 A! %,John-180 Ray - -50Junior School 383 3 P15 P1 %, -49 - 0 P1 B1256 %, 1 - 50 P9 %,Great-49 Bradfords - 0 Junior P1B1256 P9 B1256 %, 1 - 50 S4 351 -4 P16 P8 P20 %, 51 - 250 School A! S4 %, 1 - 50 ! P20 S3 %, 51 - 250 A P18 Great Bradfords Infant %, 51 - 250 265 -73 P17 %,! %, 251 - 1000 and Nursery School B1256 A B184 P17 %, 251 - 1000 B1256 B1256 S3 B1256 Central Essex PRU C.O. B184 B1256P10 S3 P17 P15 %, 251 - 1000 n/a n/a P18 F2 S2 Alec Hunter High School P16 B1256 A120 1001 - 2050 P10 P9 ! %, A120 %,A P16 A120 ! 1001 - 2050 Lyons Hall School 432 -15 P19 P3 A! AP14 A120 %, 1001 - 2050 P6 P3 P3 P13 %, A! Further Education TOTAL 6,553 -7 P14 A! P6 P11 A131P13 P11 A! Further Education P14 P12 A! A130 P11 ! A131 A! Further Education A130 A130 A B1018

B1018

B1008 B1417 B1008 B1417 B1008 B1417 Chelmsford Borough Chelmsford Borough A131 B1018 Chelmsford Borough ² Chelmsford Borough 0495 ² 990 1,980 ² 0 495Meters990 1,980

B184 00.5 1 2 Education - Braintree Meters Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Contains, or is based on, information supplied by HistoricKilometers England. Figure 97: West Braintree Education Context. Source: Edubase (2016) EducationNorth Essex - Braintree Garden Communities Legend Edu cation - Braintree Site Study Area North Essex Garden Communities 5km Buffer Zone North Essex Garden Communities District / Borough Boundary Urban Area AECOM 119 Waterbody A Road B1057 B1051 B Road Minor Road Railway A1017 (! Railway Station Scheduled Monument Registered Parks & Gardens Country Parks B184 Listed Buildings - Grade Braintree District ^_ I

^_ II ^_ II* B1053

Uttlesford District

A131

B1256

B1256 B1256 A120 A120

A130

B1008 B1417 A131 B1018 Chelmsford Borough ²

B184 00.5 1 2 Kilometers Heritage Assets - Braintree North Essex Garden Communities North Essex Garden Communities Concept Feasibility Study - Baseline Compendium Colchester Borough Council, Braintree District Council, Tendring District Council and Essex County Council

Social Infrastructure - Health

Key Findings Key Findings Key Findings

Current Situation within 5km Boundary (May 2016) Committed Infrastructure within 5km Boundary Future and Wider Issues

−− A review of Uttlesford Infrastructure Delivery Plan (2014) has not −− West of Braintree sits within Mid Essex Clinical Commissioning Group, 1 4 demonstrated any specific healthcare related projects within the 5km which is an NHS organisation set up by the Health and Social Care Act GP Practices Hospital buffer. 2012 to organise the delivery of NHS services in England.

−− In absence of a Infrastructure Delivery Plan for Braintree, this analysis −− The CCGs receives funding and are commissioned by NHS England has not identified any committed or planned infrastructure for healthcare to provide primary care services (including GPs), in turn the CCGs −− There are 4 GP practices identified within 5km of West of Braintree. These within 5km of West of Braintree within Braintree District commission most services in their areas to trusts that inlcude hospital and facilities are all located to the east of the development with Braintree. community healthcare. There are no facilities within the development area. −− This assessment will review the strategy for North East Essex CCG to −− There is an overall deficit in provision of GPs across the wider 5km buffer understand the future issues facing healthcare in Essex. zone with -9,899 patient spaces. However, this is a theoretical assessment, and the actual pressures are potentially more pressing. There are no Mid Essex Clinical Commissioning Group facilities with a strong GP to patient ratio. −− Mid Essex CCG has identified that demand will continue to increase due to −− There is currently one hospital, Braintree Community Hospital, identified population growth, ageing and an increase in people with multiple long- within 5km of West of Braintree. term conditions.

−− However, despite the growth in future patients projected, Mid Essex is one of the 11 most financially challenged health economies in the county.

−− To address these issues, the CCG is looking to improve the integration of multiple aspects of the health and care system including hospital teams, community staff, primary care and social care. The CCG is therefore putting greater focus on responding to the needs of local people, using stages of life model.

Sources Sources Sources

−− NHS England, MyNHS Portal dataset (May 2016) −− Uttlesford Infrastructure Delivery Plan (2014) −− Mid Essex Clinical Commissioning Group

−− Health and Social Care Information Centre (HSCIC) dataset (January 2016)

120 AECOM Colchester Borough Council, Braintree District Council, Tendring District Council and Essex County Council North Essex Garden Communities Concept Feasibility Study - Baseline Compendium

Braintree District

Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Legend Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Legend LegendSite Site Boundary 5km Buffer Site Study Area Site GP Capacity Analysis Hospitals B1051 District / Borough Boundary Site Boundary 5km Buffer 5km Buffer Zone Full Time B1051 WoodlandDistrict / Borough Boundary District / Borough Boundary Surplus / Hospital Name Label Urban Area Practice Name Equivalent Patients Capacity Label B1057 Woodland Woodland Deficit !H GP’s Braintree Community B1057 TownUrban Area Urban Area H1 Hospital Waterbody Blandford Medical Waterbody Waterbody 8 17,779 14,400 -3,379 G1 B1057 Centre B1051 A Road A Road Braintree District A1017 B Road St. Lawrence Medical A1017 B Road B Road 7 15,884 11,952 -3,932 G2 Practice Minor Road Minor Road Braintree District P5 A1017 Mount Chambers Railway Railway 8 12,968 13,500 532 G3 Medical Practice (! Railway Station Braintree District (! Railway Station (! Railway Station Blyth's Meadow Surgery 4 10,320 7,200 -3,120 G4 B184 Primary School - B184 "' Hospital Surplus/Deficit "' HospitalThe Surgery, Felsted 8.5 13,796 - - G5 B184 GP - Surplus/Deficit TOTAL 26 56,951 47,052 -9,899 A! -180 - -50 GP - Surplus/Deficit GF - 4000 - -2000 A! -49 - 0 GF - 4000 - -2000 B1053 B1053 GFA! -19991 - 50- -1000 GF -1999 - -1000 P15 B1053 GF -999 - 0 A! 51 - 200 GF -999 - 0 GF 0 - 1000 ! 201 - 350 GF 0 - 1000 GFA1001 - 2000 GF 1001 - 2000 A131A131 GF 2001 - 12600 P2 ! 351 - 750 S2 A GF 2001 - 12600 A131 P4 P19 Secondary School - S1 P7 P8 P21 Surplus/Deficit G2 Uttlesford District P12 Uttlesford District H1 H2 P18 %, -180 - -50 G1 G3 Uttlesford District G2 H1G4 G1 G3 %, -49 - 0 B1256 Uttlesford District P1 H3 G4 B1256 P9 B1256 %, 1 - 50 S4 P20 %, 51 - 250

B1256 B184 B1256 %, 251 - 1000 B1256 B1256 B184 B1256 S3 P17 B1256 A120 A120 P10 P16 A120 A120 %,1001 - 2050 P3 P6 A131P13 A! Further Education A130 P14 P11 G5 A131 A130 A130 B1018

B1018

B1008 B1417 B1008 B1417 B1008 B1417 A131 ²B1018 Chelmsford Borough ChelmsfordChelmsford Borough Borough Chelmsford Borough 0495² 990 1,980 ² Meters 0 495 990 1,980

B184 00.5 1 2 Health - Braintree Meters Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Contains, or is based on, information supplied by HistoricKilometers England. Figure 98: West Braintree Health Infrastructure Context. Source: MyNHS, HSCIC EducationNorth Essex- Braintree Garden Communities Legend Health - Braintree Site Study Area North Essex Garden Communities 5km Buffer Zone North Essex Garden Communities District / Borough Boundary Urban Area AECOM 121 Waterbody A Road B1057 B1051 B Road Minor Road Railway A1017 (! Railway Station Scheduled Monument Registered Parks & Gardens Country Parks B184 Listed Buildings - Grade Braintree District ^_ I

^_ II ^_ II* B1053

Uttlesford District

A131

B1256

B1256 B1256 A120 A120

A130

B1008 B1417 A131 B1018 Chelmsford Borough ²

Social Infrastructure - Community Facilities and Emergency Services

Key Findings Key Findings Key Findings

Current Situation (May 2016) Committed Emergency Infrastructure Future and Wider Issues

−− Following a review of Uttlesford Infrastructure Delivery Plan (2014) and −− A review of ambulance services has identified a change in the future model 1 1 1 in absence of a Infrastructure Delivery Plan for Braintree there are no of ambulance provision by the early 2020s within the East of England’s Ambulance Police Fire identified emergency facilities, libraries, youth centres or community Ambulance Services. This involves a hub and spoke service in order to Station Station Station centres within 5 km of the West of Braintree site. meet demand from existing population. Traditional ambulance stations act as the main hubs of service, with smaller 24/7 posts acting as the spoke. 9 1 −− Further work will need to determine whether the capacity of the existing Community 1 Youth emergency services can cope with the forecast increase in population. Centres Libraries Centres −− Further work will need to determine whether the capacity of the existing community facilities can cope with the forecast increase in population. Emergency Services However, it is likely that future development at West of Braintree would need to provide some community offer. −− Across the wider 5km buffer zone, the analysis identified 1 ambulance station, 1 police station and 1 fire stations. Distribution is shown in Table 21

−− These facilities are all located within Braintree.

−− Further work will need to determine whether the capacity of the existing emergency services can cope with the forecast increase in population

Libraries

−− There is one library within Braintree District that is within the 5km wider area of West of Braintree.

Youth Centres

−− There is one youth centres within 5km of West of Braintree.

Community Centres

−− There are at least nine community centres/village halls within 5km of the development.

−− These community facilities are all located within Braintree and therefore have poor accessibility to the development West of Braintree.

Sources Sources Sources

−− East of England Ambulance Services, Essex Police, Essex County Fire & −− Uttlesford Infrastructure Delivery Plan (2014) −− East of England Ambulance Services Rescue Services −− Essex Police −− Google maps to identify community facilities, libraries and youth centres −− Essex County Fire & Rescue Services

122 AECOM Colchester Borough Council, Braintree District Council, Tendring District Council and Essex County Council North Essex Garden Communities Concept Feasibility Study - Baseline Compendium

Braintree District

Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Legend Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Legend LegendSite Site Boundary 5km Buffer Site Study Area Site Study Area Community Service Facilities Emergency Service Facilities B1051 5km Buffer Zone District5km Buffer / Borough Zone Boundary District / Borough Boundary WoodlandDistrict / Borough Boundary Name of Facility Type Label Name of Facility Type Label Woodland UrbanWoodland Area B1057 Notley Green Community Community Braintree Ambulance !H Urban Area C1 Ambulance E1 TownUrban Area Association Centre Service Waterbody Waterbody B1057 Community Braintree Police Station Police E2 B1057 A RoadGlebe Community Hall C2 B1051 B1051 A Road Centre Braintree District A1017 Station 78 Braintree Fire E3 B Road B Road B Road Community Braintree DistrictBraintree District The Bocking Arts Centre C3 Minor Road Minor Road Centre P5 A1017 A1017 Railway Railway Railway Braintree and Bocking Community (! C4 (! Railway StationStation (! RailwayCommunity Station Centre Centre Community Facility B184 Primary School - CommunityBraintree Facility Library Library C5 Surplus/Deficit"C Community Centre " Community Centre B184 C The Archer Community Community B184 C7 "C Library Centre Centre A! -180 - -50 "C Library "C Youth Centre Carousel Children’s Youth "C Youth Centre C8 EmergencyA! -49 Service - 0 Centre Centre Emergency Service B1053 A! 1 - 50 Flitch Green Community Community C Ambulance Station C9 B1053 "& Centre Centre P15 C Ambulance Station B1053 "& A! 51 - 200 Rayne Village Hall Village Hall C10 C12 "%Y Fire Station Felsted Village Hall Village Hall C11 C12 Y Fire Station A! 201 - 350 "% Sailings Millenium Village Village Hall C12 g Police Station "$ Hall C2 A131 "$g Police Station C2 P2 A131 ! 351 - 750 S2 A A131 P4 P19 Secondary School - S1 P7 P8 P21 Surplus/Deficit

Uttlesford District P12 C3 Uttlesford District C4 C5 P18 %, -180 - -50 E1 E3 Uttlesford District C7 C3 g C4 C5 %, -49 - 0 "$ E1C8 C E3 "& E2 Y P1 "% C7 C10 %, 1 - 50 B1256 P9 C6 g C "$ C8 "& E2 "%Y S4 C10 P20 %, 51 - 250 C6 B1256 B1256 %, 251 - 1000 B1256 A120 B1256 B184 B1256 S3 P17 A120 B1256 A120 P10 P16 A120 A120 %,1001 - 2050 C1 C11 P3 C9

A130 P6 P13 C1 C11 A! Further Education P14 C9 P11 A131 A130 A130

B1018

B1008 B1417

A131 B1018 B1008 B1417 B1008 B1417 Chelmsford Borough A131 ²B1018 Chelmsford Borough Chelmsford Borough 00.5 1 2 B184 Chelmsford Borough ² ² 0 495Kilometers990 1,980

B184 00.5 1 2 Community Services - Braintree Meters Contains Ordnance Survey data Crown copyright and database right © 2016. Kilometers Legend EducationNorth Essex- Braintree Garden CommunitiesFigure 99: West Braintree Community Facilities and Emergency Services. Source: East Of England Ambulance Services, Essex Police, Essex County Fire & Rescue Services, Google Site CommunityMaps Services to Identify Community - Braintree Facilities, Libraries and Youth Centres North Essex Garden Communities Site Boundary 5km Buffer North Essex Garden Communities B1051 District / Borough Boundary Woodland AECOM 123 B1057 Urban Area Waterbody A Road Braintree District B Road A1017 Minor Road Railway (! Railway Station Community Facility B184 "C Community Centre "C Library "C Youth Centre Emergency Service

B1053 "&C Ambulance Station

"%Y Fire Station

C2 "$g Police Station A131

Uttlesford District C3 C4 C5 E1 E3 C7 C8 E2 C6

B1256 B184 B1256

A120

A130

B1018

B1008 B1417 ² Chelmsford Borough 0495 990 1,980

Meters Community Services - Braintree North Essex Garden Communities North Essex Garden Communities Concept Feasibility Study - Baseline Compendium Colchester Borough Council, Braintree District Council, Tendring District Council and Essex County Council

124 AECOM Colchester Borough Council, Braintree District Council, Tendring District Council and Essex County Council North Essex Garden Communities Concept Feasibility Study - Baseline Compendium

APPENDIX 1 Local Plan Transport Modelling Summary Table and Further Assessment Requirements

AECOM 125 North Essex Garden Communities Concept Feasibility Study - Baseline Compendium Colchester Borough Council, Braintree District Council, Tendring District Council and Essex County Council

Summary Table Summary table

Growth assumed (Local Junctions identified with capacity issues (Local Plan) Junctions/Improvements identified/proposed (Local Plan) Quantum of Developer proposals (call for sites) Plan) Relevant strategic highway Relevant Local Plan Relevant development identified network improvements in the Quantum of development Proposed associated modelling (Jacobs) Site Associated with for site under AECOM Total By 2032 By 2047 Location Improvement area identified for site under TA improvements to facilitate site study assessments development

A133 Clacton Road/Bromley Road A133 Clacton road/A133 Colchester Road/Church Road/School Road A133 Main Road/B1029 Great Bentley Road/B1029 Bromley Road A133 Colchester Road/Heckford's Road A133 Main Road/Colchester Road/A133 to A120 A133 Colchester Road/B1033 Colchester Road A137 Cox's Hill/A137 Wignall Street/B1352 Long road B1027 Clacton Road/B1029 Station Road/B1027 Tenpenny A133/B1027 St John's Road/A133 London Road Tendring Local plan Hill/B1029 Brightlingsea Road B1442 Centenary Way/B1441 London Road/B1442 Progress modelling support B1033 Frinton Road/B1033 Thorpe Road/B1032 Kirby Road New site access 1 A12 widened to 3 lanes both B1027 St John's Road/Cloes Lane/Woodrows Lane Way 10.12.15 East B1033 Frinton Road/Halstead Road New site access 1 ways 25,720 6,000 B1027 St John's Road/Little Clacton Road B1369 Thorpe Road/Stephenson Road West/Thorpe - - (Junctions 8 Colchester A137 Cox's Hill/A137 Wignall Street/B1352 Long Road Non specified improvements 1 A12 technology upgrades B1027 St John's Road/Jaywick Lane Road/B1442 Centenary Way (Arcady/Picady) and Non specified improvements 2 A12 J26 improvements B1027 St John's Road/B1027 Valley Road/B1369 Old Road B1352 Church Hill/A120 Tinker Street/B1352 Wrabness Road Main Road/Colchester Road/A133 to A120 10,000 LinSig) B1027 St John's Road/B1369 North road A137 Cox’s Hill/B1352 Station Road/Cotman Avenue B1033 Frinton Road/Halstead Road B1033 Frinton road/B1033 Thorpe Road/B1032 Kirby Road B1033 Frinton Road/Elm Tree Avenue/B1336 Walton Road/B1033 Connaught Avenue B1352 Long Road/B1035 Clacton Road/B1352 New Road/Trinity Road Oakley Road/B1352 Main road/B1352 Ramsey Road B1033 High Street/B1414 Landermere Road B1033 High Street/B1414 Station Road

A12 widened to 3 lanes both East ways 7,000 - - Colchester A12 technology upgrades A12 J26 improvements _ widening of Axial way/Severalls lane roundabout entry lanes _ Improvement of Langham Lane/Severalls Lane Junction Colchester Local plan _ Signal control on Old Ipswich A133 Colne Bank Roundabout modelling support Road/A120/A12 slips (after 2000du A133 St Andrew's Avenue/Avon Way 06.01.16 (SATURN 34,000 - - - occupied) A134 Essex Hall Roundabout (CAS) model and A12 widened to 3 lanes both _ traffic calming measures on North Ipswich Road/East Street ways School Road, Birchwood Road and Arcady 8) 4,000 10,000 4,000 Colchester A12 technology upgrades Wick Road (through existing A12 J26 improvements villages)

Promotion of a BRT route connecting the site with the town centre and the three rail stations.

Potential new walk and cycle link to Severalls Lane

Rayne Road / Springwood Drive / B1256 Rayne Road / Pods Brook Widening of approaches, increasing size of roundabout 3,4,5 Road- Braintree A131 Head St / A1124 Hedingham Road / A1124 Colchester Rayne Road / Aetheric Road / Pierrefitte Way - Braintree Optimised traffic signal controls 3,4,5 _ new connection on the Prince of Road -Halstead B1389 / Gershwin Blvd / B1389 Hatfield Road – Witham Mitigation measures 1 Wales roundabout (A120/B1048 B1024 Colne Road / A120 / Colne Road - Coggeshall B1018 Cressing Road / Rickstones Road / B1018 Braintree Road - Conversion of southern mini-roundabout into priority junction 1 A12 3 lanes widening London Road) and improved Rye Mill Lane / B1024 / B1023 - Kelvedon Witham A12 technology upgrade junction capacity Braintree Options B1018 Cressing Road / Rickstones Road / B1018 Braintree A131 / Broad Road / A131 - Braintree Larger ICD roundabout 3 A12 J26 improvement _ capacity improvements to Marks Assessment 02.02.16 Road - Witham Marks Tey 14,000 3,100 B1053 Church Street / Bradford Street / B1053 Bradford Street - Traffic signals 3,5 J25 Marks Tey Roundabout 10,000 900 Tey Roundabout (Junctions 9 Chipping Hill / Avenue Road / The Avenue / Collingwood Road - Braintree improvement _ New roundabout formed with (Arcady/Picady)) Witham Larger ICD roundabout 3 Realignment of the A120 + London Road, A12 westbound on- Collingwood Road / B1389 / Maldon Road – Witham B1256 Coggeshall Road / A131 / A120 / A131 - Braintree (Marks new junction with the A12 slip and the site B1389 / Gershwin Blvd / B1389 Hatfield Road – Witham Farm) Partial signalisation, larger ICD roundabout, increased capacity on New bus to connect the site B1137 The Street / B1019 Maldon Road / The Street – Hatfield A131 / A120 / Pods Brook Road / A120 – Great Notley/Braintree slips 3 internally with wider local area. Peverel (panners interchange) Traffic signal control option, larger ICD roundabout, grade A131 / London Road / B1053 London Road / A131 – Great B1024 Colne Road / A120 / Colne Road - Coggeshall separated A120 through traffic 3,6 Notley Partial signalisation, larger ICD roundabout 3 A131 / Cuckoo Way – Great Notley - A131 / London Road / B1053 London Road / A131 – Great Notley A131 / A120 / Pods Brook Road / A120 – Great Notley/Braintree A131 Head St / A1124 Hedingham Road / A1124 Colchester Road - Optimised traffic signal control 3,5 Rayne Road / Springwood Drive / B1256 Rayne Road / Pods Halstead Brook Road- Braintree B1137 The Street / B1019 Maldon Road / The Street – Hatfield Strategic solution such as bypass 3,5 Rayne Road / Aetheric Road / Pierrefitte Way - Braintree Peverel B1053 Church Street / Bradford Street / B1053 Bradford Street - Rye Mill Lane / B1024 / B1023 - Kelvedon Traffic signal control 3 Braintree Chipping Hill / Avenue Road / The Avenue / Collingwood Road - Optimised traffic signal, larger ICD roundabout 3 Panfield Road / Panfield Lane / Deanery Hill - Braintree Witham West of A131 / Broad Road / A131 - Braintree A130 bypass 14,000 3,100 B1389 Newland Street/ B1018 Collingwood Road - Witham Optimised existing signal control 3,5 10,000 - - Braintree B1256 Coggeshall Road / A131 / A120 / A131 - Braintree Boreham interchange upgrade A12 J24 on&off slips - North Keveldon Increased capacity of the slips 3,7 A120 / B1018 / Long Green / A120* - Braintree A12 J23 on&off slips - South Keveldon Increased capacity of the slips 3,7 Millennium Way / B1018 / Braintree Road* - Braintree A12 J22 on&off slips - North Witham Increased capacity of the slips 3,7 A12 / B1024 Off-slip (Kelvedon) Increased capacity of the slips 3,7 A12 / London Road Off-slip (Kelvedon) A12 J21 on&off slips - South Witham Increased capacity of the slips 3,7 A12 / B1389 Off-slip (Witham) A12 J20B on&off slips - Hatfield Peverel A12 J20A off slip - Hatfield Peverel Increased capacity of the slips 3,7 A12 J20A on slip - Hatfield Peverel Increased capacity of the slips 3,7

1- Proposed by developer 2- ECC feasibility work 3- Proposed by Jacobs (potential options for capacity improvement) 4- 2010 Core Strategy Mitigation Measures Review 5- Capacity improvements via mode-shift measures 6- currently under study by Highways England 7- Capacity is likely to be limited by the link capacity of local junctions before this Junction reaches capacity.

126 AECOM Colchester Borough Council, Braintree District Council, Tendring District Council and Essex County Council North Essex Garden Communities Concept Feasibility Study - Baseline Compendium

Local Plan Transport Modelling Further Assessment Requirements

East Colchester / West Tendring (Tendring Local Plan) Marks Tey (Braintree Local Plan) −− Total growth for the area assumed to be approximately 25,000 homes. −− Jacobs modelling assesses 3,100 homes on site within the context of 14,000 homes in total in the area −− Jacobs modelling only assesses 6,000 homes specifically on the site: - - - Projected potential for a further of 6,000 homes on site will need to be further - The additional projected potential total homes for the site (up to 10,000 homes) investing by ECC / Jacobs could already be accounted for in the wider area growth however. - - ECC will need to clarify positon in terms of the current modelling. Jacobs may −− Jacobs may need to address the allocation of development and assess localised need to address this and assess localised impact of increasing development impact of increasing development on the site and a reduction in development in on the site and a reduction in development in other areas of the Local authority other areas of the Local authority boundary boundary. −− Developers, within their call for sites study assessed 900 homes on their land −− Identified junction upgrades currently do not cover all identified junction capacity holding only (within site). Their work concentrates on mitigation measures required issues. Where junctions have been identified for mitigation, the Local Plan for this land holding only. Any further development is likely however to require the modelling at this stage stops short of providing clear proposals for junction A120 mitigation measures both from an access and capacity point of view. improvements. West of Braintree (Braintree Local Plan) −− The Colchester Local plan modelling also assesses development on the East Colchester / West Tendring site (7,000 homes): −− Jacobs modelling assesses 3,100 homes on site within the context of 14,000 - homes in total in the area - ECC / Jacobs would need to confirm how potential double counting of the - identified impact associated with growth is being addressed within the context - Projected potential for a further of 6,000 homes on site will need to be further of the region. - investing. Possibly, homes sit within Uttlesfords allocation – ECC to provide - Or has the impact of development associated with the site been over assessed direction on how the Braintree Local Plan addresses this / could address this i.e. a total of 13,000 homes (6,000 + 7,000). - - - No junction improvements are identified. - Jacobs may need to address the allocation of development and assess localised impact of increasing development on the site and a reduction in North Colchester (Colchester Local Plan) development in other areas of the Local authority boundary - −− Jacobs modelling assesses 4,000 homes on site: - Or the impact of increasing development on site to 10,000 in addition / - - Projected potential for a further 6,000 homes on site will need to be further reduction to the 14,000 homes in the wider area investing by ECC / Jacobs

−− The Local Plan modelling at this stage stops short of providing clear proposals for Total projected potential for total homes associated with both the West of Braintree and Marks Tey sites will require further study / assessment when assuming cumulative junction improvements associated with the capacity issues identified. impact (20,000 homes (10,000 on both sites) v’s 6,200 homes (3,100 + 3,100). −− Developers, within their call for sites study assessed 4,000 homes within their land holding only (within site). Their work concentrates on mitigation measures required for this land holding only.

AECOM 127 About AECOM AECOM is at the forefront of urban planinng practice and thought leadership within the UK and across the world. AECOM is one of the top employers of chartered town planners in the UK and overseas. Our design, planning + economics team benefit from working in a multi-discipline environment for the world’s leading professional and technical services firm. More information on AECOM and its services can be found at www.aecom.com. Follow us on Twitter: @aecom

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Jason Stratton Associate Director T 020 3009 2286 E [email protected]

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