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The Minor Prophets THETHE MINORMINOR PROPHETSPROPHETS Timothy Tow 2 The Minor Prophets The Minor Prophets © 2001 by Timothy Tow Published by Far Eastern Bible College Press 9A Gilstead Road, Singapore 309063 Republic of Singapore http://www.lifefebc.com ISBN: 981-04-0606-1 Cover Design by Charles Seet. Contents 3 Contents Foreword............................................................................................. 9 1. Hosea Introduction ............................................................................. 11 Chapter I An Adulterous Wife And Three Abandoned Children............13 Chapter II Spiritual And Political Adultery .............................................15 Chapter III Adulterous Wife Redeemed And “Quarantined” ....................17 Chapter IV Israel Under Trial ....................................................................18 Chapter V Wicked Rulers That Lead The Nation to Destruction .............20 Chapter VI Mercy Is Greater Than Sacrifice, Obedience Is Better Than Rituals .....................................................................................22 Chapter VII Samaria The Source Of Corruption Of The Whole Nation.....24 Chapter VIII One Aspect Of The Theology Of War ....................................26 4 The Minor Prophets Chapter IX God Uses Assyria As His Chastisement Instrument ............... 28 Chapter X Unrepentant Samaria Will Be Judged ..................................... 30 Chapter XI Out Of Egypt Did I Call Out My Son .....................................32 Chapter XII Political Adultery, Religious Adultery, Commercial Adultery ..................................................................................34 Chapter XIII Review Of Israel's Rebellion...................................................36 Chapter XIV Repentance Is The Word! ........................................................38 2. Joel Introduction .............................................................................39 Chapter I The Locust Plague In Joel’s Time ...........................................40 Chapter II The Day Of The Lord..............................................................42 Chapter III “After Darkness Light” ...........................................................44 3. Amos Introduction .............................................................................46 Chapter I Judgment On The Surrounding Nations.................................. 47 Chapter II Judgment On Surrounding Nations (continued) ..................... 49 Contents 5 Chapter III Message Of Condemnation A ................................................. 51 Chapter IV Message Of Condemnation B ................................................. 53 Chapter V Lamentations Over Israel ........................................................ 54 Chapter VI Message Of Condemnation C ................................................. 56 Chapter VII Amos, Intercessor And Contender .......................................... 58 Chapter VIII Message Of Basket Of Summer Fruit ..................................... 59 Chapter IX Final Message Of Israel’s Dispersion And Restoration .......... 60 4. Obadiah The Unconscionable Sin Of Betraying A Brother And Exulting In His Downfall ........................................................61 5. Jonah Introduction .............................................................................64 Chapter I The Runaway Prophet .............................................................65 Chapter II The Repentant Prophet ............................................................67 Chapter III The Recommissioned Prophet ................................................ 69 Chapter IV The Sulking Prophet................................................................70 6 The Minor Prophets 6. Micah Introduction .............................................................................72 Chapter I The Superscription ..................................................................75 Chapter II Indictment And Deliverance ...................................................79 Chapter III Professional Princes, Priests And Prophets.............................81 Chapter IV A Golden Age To Come After The Babylonian Captivity......83 Chapter V By The Advent Of The King Of Kings ................................... 85 Chapter VI & VII Repentance Prerequisite To Restoration .................................87 7. Nahum.......................................................................................... 89 8. Habakkuk ....................................................................................94 9. Zephaniah Introduction .............................................................................98 Chapter I Judgment In Judah ................................................................ 104 Chapter II Judgment On Nations And Israel’s Future Restoration And Global Judgment ................................................................... 106 Chapter III Judgment On Jerusalem ........................................................ 108 Historical Background Of The Post-Exilic Prophets (Haggai, Zechariah, Malachi) ............................................... 110 Contents 7 10. Haggai ...................................................................................... 112 11. Zechariah Introduction ........................................................................... 114 Chapter I Four Visions .......................................................................... 116 Chapter II Vision Of The Man With Measuring Line ............................ 118 Chapter III Vision Of The High Priest .....................................................120 Chapter IV Vision Of The Golden Candlestick .......................................122 Chapter V Vision Of The Flying Roll ....................................................124 Chapter VI Significance Of The Four Chariots .......................................127 Chapter VII Obedience Is Better Than Fasting .........................................129 Chapter VIII Jerusalem On Top Of The World .......................................... 131 Chapter IX Wars And The Prince Of Peace .............................................134 Chapter X The Dispersion Of Ephraim And Judah And Their Regathering ...........................................................................138 Chapter XI Prophescope On Lebanon, Etc. .............................................140 8 The Minor Prophets Chapter XII Siege Of Jerusalem................................................................ 145 Chapter XIII Israel’s Repentance And Climax Of Battle Of Armageddon .......................................................................... 147 Chapter XIV Christ’s Return To Save Israel And His Millennial Rule ......149 12. Malachi ....................................................................................154 Foreword 9 Foreword The Minor Prophets, numbering twelve, are so-called not because they are of less importance than the four Major Prophets. They are called Minor Prophets because they are shorter in length than the Major Prophets, viz., Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel, Daniel. The sixteen Prophets may be divided into four groups. (1) Prophets of the Northern Kingdom, viz., Hosea, Amos, Joel, Jonah. (2) Prophets of the Southern Kingdom, viz., Isaiah, Jeremiah, Obadiah, Micah, Nahum, Habakkuk, Zephaniah. (3) Prophets of the Captivity, viz., Ezekiel and Daniel. (4) Prophets of the Return, viz., Haggai, Zechariah, Malachi. What are the characteristics of the prophetic ministry? The prophets are primarily spokesmen of God. They were raised of God to denounce the sins of God’s people, the children of Israel, for their grave apostasy and to cause them to repent. The prophets were revivalists to the wayward Jewish church. However, God being a covenant God, would forgive them for the promises made to their fathers. Hence the prophetic utterances looking forward to the time of their final Restoration. Israel will be delivered from the dispersion to the ends of the earth. Jerusalem will rise again to the top of the world. David’s Greater Son, our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ, will sit upon the throne of His father and rule the earth for a thousand years of peace. 10 The Minor Prophets The study of Zechariah is especially vital for us, living in the last of the last days, before His Return. Even so, come, Lord Jesus. Amen. Timothy Tow Hosea 11 1. Hosea Introduction Hosea is first of the Minor Prophets, though chronologically he is preceded by Obadiah, Joel, Jonah and Amos. The Minor Prophets are so called not because they are of lesser importance than the Major Prophets (Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel, Daniel). They are called Minor Prophets because their writings are shorter than those of the Major Prophets. Jehovah is likened to a Father to the people of God in the O.T. More often he is called her husband to show the endearing relationship between the Lord and His chosen ones. In Isaiah 54:5,6 God returned to His estranged people (in spite of their sins): For thy Maker is thine husband; the LORD of hosts is his name; and thy Redeemer the Holy One of Israel; The God of the whole earth shall he be called. For the LORD hath called thee as a woman forsaken and grieved in spirit, and a wife of youth, when thou wast refused, saith thy God. In the Book of Hosea we see not only the message of Jehovah being Israel’s constant loving husband preached, but acted out in flesh and blood. The prophet is commanded to marry an adulterous woman, Gomer by name. Three
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