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Intelligence in Corvids and Apes: a Case of Convergent Evolution? Amanda Seed*, Nathan Emery & Nicola Claytonà
Ethology CURRENT ISSUES – PERSPECTIVES AND REVIEWS Intelligence in Corvids and Apes: A Case of Convergent Evolution? Amanda Seed*, Nathan Emery & Nicola Claytonà * Department of Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany School of Biological & Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK à Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK (Invited Review) Correspondence Abstract Nicola Clayton, Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Cambridge, Downing Intelligence is suggested to have evolved in primates in response to com- Street, Cambridge CB23EB, UK. plexities in the environment faced by their ancestors. Corvids, a large- E-mail: [email protected] brained group of birds, have been suggested to have undergone a con- vergent evolution of intelligence [Emery & Clayton (2004) Science, Vol. Received: November 13, 2008 306, pp. 1903–1907]. Here we review evidence for the proposal from Initial acceptance: December 26, 2008 both ultimate and proximate perspectives. While we show that many of Final acceptance: February 15, 2009 (M. Taborsky) the proposed hypotheses for the evolutionary origin of great ape intelli- gence also apply to corvids, further study is needed to reveal the selec- doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0310.2009.01644.x tive pressures that resulted in the evolution of intelligent behaviour in both corvids and apes. For comparative proximate analyses we empha- size the need to be explicit about the level of analysis to reveal the type of convergence that has taken place. Although there is evidence that corvids and apes solve social and physical problems with similar speed and flexibility, there is a great deal more to be learned about the repre- sentations and algorithms underpinning these computations in both groups. -
Wellcome Four Year Phd Programme in Integrative Cell Mechanisms
2021 Wellcome Four Year PhD Programme in Integrative Cell Mechanisms Training the next generation of Molecular Cell Biologists Background and Aims of Programme The Wellcome Four Year PhD Programme in Integrative Cell Mechanisms (iCM) is closely associated with the Wellcome Centre for Cell Biology and trains the next generation of cell and molecular biologists in the application of quantitative methods to understand the inner workings of distinct cell types in different settings. A detailed understanding of normal cellular function is required to investigate the molecular cause of disease and design future treatments. However, data generated by biological research requires increasingly complex analysis with technological advances in sequencing, mass spectrometry/proteomics, super-resolution microscopy, Wellcome Centre for Cell Biology 2021 synthetic and structural biology generating increasingly large, complex datasets. In addition, innovations in computer sciences and informatics are transforming data acquisition and analysis and breakthroughs in physics, chemistry and engineering allow the development of devices, molecules and instruments that drive the biological data revolution. Exploiting technological advances to transform our understanding of cellular mechanisms will require scientists who have been trained across the distinct disciplines of natural sciences, engineering, informatics and mathematics. To address this training need, iCM PhD projects are cross-disciplinary involving two primary supervisors with complementary expertise. Supervisor partnerships pair quantitative scientists with cell biologists ensuring that students develop pioneering cross-disciplinary collaborative projects to uncover cellular mechanisms relevant to health and disease. We aim to recruit students with a variety of backgrounds across the biological and physical sciences, including Biochemistry, Biomedical Science, Cell Biology, Chemistry, Computational Data Sciences, Engineering, Genetics, Mathematics, Molecular Biology and Physics. -
Female Fellows of the Royal Society
Female Fellows of the Royal Society Professor Jan Anderson FRS [1996] Professor Ruth Lynden-Bell FRS [2006] Professor Judith Armitage FRS [2013] Dr Mary Lyon FRS [1973] Professor Frances Ashcroft FMedSci FRS [1999] Professor Georgina Mace CBE FRS [2002] Professor Gillian Bates FMedSci FRS [2007] Professor Trudy Mackay FRS [2006] Professor Jean Beggs CBE FRS [1998] Professor Enid MacRobbie FRS [1991] Dame Jocelyn Bell Burnell DBE FRS [2003] Dr Philippa Marrack FMedSci FRS [1997] Dame Valerie Beral DBE FMedSci FRS [2006] Professor Dusa McDuff FRS [1994] Dr Mariann Bienz FMedSci FRS [2003] Professor Angela McLean FRS [2009] Professor Elizabeth Blackburn AC FRS [1992] Professor Anne Mills FMedSci FRS [2013] Professor Andrea Brand FMedSci FRS [2010] Professor Brenda Milner CC FRS [1979] Professor Eleanor Burbidge FRS [1964] Dr Anne O'Garra FMedSci FRS [2008] Professor Eleanor Campbell FRS [2010] Dame Bridget Ogilvie AC DBE FMedSci FRS [2003] Professor Doreen Cantrell FMedSci FRS [2011] Baroness Onora O'Neill * CBE FBA FMedSci FRS [2007] Professor Lorna Casselton CBE FRS [1999] Dame Linda Partridge DBE FMedSci FRS [1996] Professor Deborah Charlesworth FRS [2005] Dr Barbara Pearse FRS [1988] Professor Jennifer Clack FRS [2009] Professor Fiona Powrie FRS [2011] Professor Nicola Clayton FRS [2010] Professor Susan Rees FRS [2002] Professor Suzanne Cory AC FRS [1992] Professor Daniela Rhodes FRS [2007] Dame Kay Davies DBE FMedSci FRS [2003] Professor Elizabeth Robertson FRS [2003] Professor Caroline Dean OBE FRS [2004] Dame Carol Robinson DBE FMedSci -
The for Report 07-08
THE CENTER FOR INTEGRATIVE GENOMICS REPORT 07-08 www.unil.ch/cig Table of Contents INTRODUCTION 2 The CIG at a glance 2 The CIG Scientific Advisory Committee 3 Message from the Director 4 RESEARCH 6 Richard Benton Chemosensory perception in Drosophila: from genes to behaviour 8 Béatrice Desvergne Networking activity of PPARs during development and in adult metabolic homeostasis 10 Christian Fankhauser The effects of light on plant growth and development 12 Paul Franken Genetics and energetics of sleep homeostasis and circadian rhythms 14 Nouria Hernandez Mechanisms of basal and regulated RNA polymerase II and III transcription of ncRNA in mammalian cells 16 Winship Herr Regulation of cell proliferation 18 Henrik Kaessmann Mammalian evolutionary genomics 20 Sophie Martin Molecular mechanisms of cell polarization 22 Liliane Michalik Transcriptional control of tissue repair and angiogenesis 24 Alexandre Reymond Genome structure and expression 26 Andrzej Stasiak Functional transitions of DNA structure 28 Mehdi Tafti Genetics of sleep and the sleep EEG 30 Bernard Thorens Molecular and physiological analysis of energy homeostasis in health and disease 32 Walter Wahli The multifaceted roles of PPARs 34 Other groups at the Génopode 37 CORE FACILITIES 40 Lausanne DNA Array Facility (DAFL) 42 Protein Analysis Facility (PAF) 44 Core facilities associated with the CIG 46 EDUCATION 48 Courses and lectures given by CIG members 50 Doing a PhD at the CIG 52 Seminars and symposia 54 The CIG annual retreat 62 The CIG and the public 63 Artist in residence at the CIG 63 PEOPLE 64 1 Introduction The Center for IntegratiVE Genomics (CIG) at A glance The Center for Integrative Genomics (CIG) is the newest depart- ment of the Faculty of Biology and Medicine of the University of Lausanne (UNIL). -
Fellows Opted out of the Mentoring Programme As of 19 March 2020 1
Fellows opted out of the Mentoring programme as of 19 March 2020 Professor Chris Abell FRS FMedSci Professor Kamlesh Khunti FMedSci Professor Thomas Kirkwood CBE Professor David Adams FMedSci FMedSci Professor Judith Allen FRSE FMedSci Professor Robb Krumlauf FMedSci Professor Charalambos Kyriacou Professor Desmond Archer OBE FMedSci FMedSci Professor Louise Arseneault FMedSci Sir Peter Lachmann FRS FMedSci Professor Michael Arthur FMedSci Professor Leon Lagnado FMedSci Professor Deborah Ashby OBE FMedSci Professor Ajit Lalvani FMedSci Professor Dame Frances Ashcroft DBE Professor Deborah Lawlor CBE FMedSci FRS FMedSci Professor Anthony Barrett FRS FMedSci Professor Joy Lawn FMedSci Professor Facundo Batista FMedSci Professor Susan Lea FMedSci Professor Stephan Beck FMedSci Professor Sir Robert Lechler PMedSci Professor Jill Belch OBE FMedSci Dr Melanie Lee CBE FMedSci Professor Sir John Bell GBE FRS Professor Andrew Lees FMedSci HonFREng FMedSci Professor Wendy Bickmore FRS FRSE Professor Stafford Lightman FRS FMedSci FMedSci Professor Sir Adrian Bird CBE FRS FRSE Professor Janet Lord FMedSci FMedSci Professor Ewan Birney CBE FRS Professor Thomas MacDonald FMedSci FMedSci Professor Dorothy Bishop FRS FBA Professor Rona MacKie CBE FRSE FMedSci FMedSci Sir Stephen Bloom FRS FMedSci Professor Giovanna Mallucci FMedSci Sir Tom Blundell FRS FMedSci Dr Fiona Marshall FMedSci Professor Dame Theresa Marteau DBE Professor Peter Boyle FRSE FMedSci FMedSci Professor Sir Michael Brady FRS FREng Professor Duncan Maskell FMedSci FMedSci Professor -
EMBO Conference on Fission Yeast: Pombe 2013 7Th International Fission Yeast Meeting London, United Kingdom, 24 - 29 June 2013
Abstracts of papers presented at the EMBO Conference on Fission Yeast: pombe 2013 7th International Fission Yeast Meeting London, United Kingdom, 24 - 29 June 2013 Meeting Organizers: Jürg Bähler UCL, UK Jacqueline Hayles CRUK-LRI, UK Scientific Programme: Robin Allshire UK Rob Martienssen USA Paco Antequera Spain Hisao Masai Japan Francois Bachand Canada Jonathan Millar UK Jürg Bähler UK Sergio Moreno Spain Pernilla Bjerling Sweden Jo Murray UK Fred Chang USA Toru Nakamura USA Gordon Chua Canada Chris Norbury UK Peter Espenshade USA Kunihiro Ohta Japan Kathy Gould USA Snezhka Oliferenko Singapore Juraj Gregan Austria Janni Petersen UK Edgar Hartsuiker UK Paul Russell USA Jacqueline Hayles UK Geneviève Thon Denmark Elena Hidalgo Spain Iva Tolic-Nørrelykke Germany Charlie Hoffman USA Elizabeth Veal UK Zoi Lygerou Greece Yoshi Watanabe Japan Henry Levin USA Jenny Wu France These abstracts may not be cited in bibliographies. Material contained herein should be treated as personal communication and should be cited as such only with the consent of the authors. Printed by SLS Print, London, UK Page 1 Poster Prize Judges: Coordinated by Sara Mole & Mike Bond UCL, UK Poster Prizes sponsored by UCL, London’s Global University Rosa Aligué Spain Hiroshi Murakami Japan José Ayté Spain Eishi Noguchi USA Hugh Cam USA Martin Převorovský Czech Republic Rafael Daga Spain Luis Rokeach Canada Jacob Dalgaard UK Ken Sawin UK Da-Qiao Ding Japan Melanie Styers USA Tim Humphrey UK Irene Tang USA Norbert Käufer Germany Masaru Ueno Japan Makoto Kawamukai Japan -
Massive Turnover of Functional Sequence in Human and Other Mammalian Genomes
Downloaded from genome.cshlp.org on October 2, 2021 - Published by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press Research Massive turnover of functional sequence in human and other mammalian genomes Stephen Meader,1 Chris P. Ponting,1,3 and Gerton Lunter1,2,3 1MRC Functional Genomics Unit, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QX, United Kingdom; 2The Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Oxford OX3 7BN, United Kingdom Despite the availability of dozens of animal genome sequences, two key questions remain unanswered: First, what fraction of any species’ genome confers biological function, and second, are apparent differences in organismal complexity reflected in an objective measure of genomic complexity? Here, we address both questions by applying, across the mammalian phylogeny, an evolutionary model that estimates the amount of functional DNA that is shared between two species’ genomes. Our main findings are, first, that as the divergence between mammalian species increases, the predicted amount of pairwise shared functional sequence drops off dramatically. We show by simulations that this is not an artifact of the method, but rather indicates that functional (and mostly noncoding) sequence is turning over at a very high rate. We estimate that between 200 and 300 Mb (;6.5%–10%) of the human genome is under functional constraint, which includes five to eight times as many constrained noncoding bases than bases that code for protein. In contrast, in D. melanogaster we estimate only 56–66 Mb to be constrained, implying a ratio of noncoding to coding constrained bases of about 2. This suggests that, rather than genome size or protein-coding gene complement, it is the number of functional bases that might best mirror our naı¨ve preconceptions of organismal complexity. -
X CRG Annual Symposium
X CRG SYMPOSIUM 10-11 November 2011 COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY OF MOLECULAR SEQUENCES Organizers: R.Guigó, C.Notredame, T.Gabaldón, F.Kondrashov, G.G.Tartaglia Thursday 10 November 08:00 – 09:00 Registration 09:00 – 09:05 Welcome by Luis Serrano 09:05 – 09:15 Introduction by Roderic Guigó Session 1: Protein Analysis Chair: Gian Gaetano Tartaglia 09:15 – 10:00 Temple F. SMITH Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston US “A Unique Mammalian Apoptosis Regulatory Gene, Lfg5, and a Homo sapiens Neanderthal Mystery” 10:00 – 10:45 Michele VENDRUSCOLO Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge UK “Life on the edge: Proteins are close to their solubility limits” 10:45 – 11:30 Amos BAIROCH Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, and Department of Structural Biology and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva CH “Organising human protein-centric knowledge: the challenge of neXtProt” 11:30 – 12:00 Coffee break Session 2: Genome Evolution Chair: Fyodor Kondrashov 12:00 – 12:45 Eugene V. KOONIN National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda (MD) USA “Are there laws in evolutionary genomics?” 12:45 – 13:30 Nick GOLDMAN EMBL - European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton UK “Adventures in Evolutionary Alignment” 13:30 – 15:00 Lunch 15:00 – 15:45 Mathieu BLANCHETTE School of Computer Science, McGill University, Montreal CA “Ancestral Mammalian Genome Reconstruction and its Uses toward Annotating the Human -
Annual Report for the Year Ended 30 April 2018
Annual Report for the year ended 30 April 2018 Annual Report 2018 1 Our core purpose is to advance learning, knowledge and research worldwide. How we fulfil this is evolving as we engage with researchers, students and teachers digitally to help solve their problems. Increasingly we fulfil our purpose by helping unlock their potential with the best learning and research solutions. Click the icon to jump to the contents page Contents About us 2 Vice-Chancellor’s introduction 4 Chief Executive’s overview 5 Academic publishing 8 Cambridge English Language Teaching 12 Educational publishing 16 People and values 20 Awards and prizes 22 Abstract of the Financial Statements 26 Anti-Slavery and Human Trafficking Statement 30 Statute J of the University of Cambridge: the University Press 31 Click the contents to jump to the page Annual Report 2018 1 About us The Cambridge advantage About us We are part of the University of Cambridge We work closely with other University departments, such as the research and teaching departments and Cambridge Assessment, to advance knowledge, learning and research. 1534 Cambridge University Press is the oldest media business in the world and the oldest university press. We were founded through ‘Letters Patent’, similar to a Royal Charter, granted to the University by Henry VIII in 1534. Global presence 50 offices around the world 10 hubs globally, with 90% of sales outside the UK Our people 2,710 colleagues worldwide 60% 56% outside the UK 2 Annual Report 2018 About us Academic platforms ELT platforms Education platforms 37,000,000 2,300,000 8,000,000 Downloads in 2018 User sessions per month Learning sessions in 2018 Cambridge Dictionary Online 52,000,000 Sessions per month 63 Nobel Prize winners have been published by Cambridge including Kip S Thorne, winner of the Nobel Prize in Physics 2017, and Joachim Frank, winner of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2017. -
Smutty Alchemy
University of Calgary PRISM: University of Calgary's Digital Repository Graduate Studies The Vault: Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2021-01-18 Smutty Alchemy Smith, Mallory E. Land Smith, M. E. L. (2021). Smutty Alchemy (Unpublished doctoral thesis). University of Calgary, Calgary, AB. http://hdl.handle.net/1880/113019 doctoral thesis University of Calgary graduate students retain copyright ownership and moral rights for their thesis. You may use this material in any way that is permitted by the Copyright Act or through licensing that has been assigned to the document. For uses that are not allowable under copyright legislation or licensing, you are required to seek permission. Downloaded from PRISM: https://prism.ucalgary.ca UNIVERSITY OF CALGARY Smutty Alchemy by Mallory E. Land Smith A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY GRADUATE PROGRAM IN ENGLISH CALGARY, ALBERTA JANUARY, 2021 © Mallory E. Land Smith 2021 MELS ii Abstract Sina Queyras, in the essay “Lyric Conceptualism: A Manifesto in Progress,” describes the Lyric Conceptualist as a poet capable of recognizing the effects of disparate movements and employing a variety of lyric, conceptual, and language poetry techniques to continue to innovate in poetry without dismissing the work of other schools of poetic thought. Queyras sees the lyric conceptualist as an artistic curator who collects, modifies, selects, synthesizes, and adapts, to create verse that is both conceptual and accessible, using relevant materials and techniques from the past and present. This dissertation responds to Queyras’s idea with a collection of original poems in the lyric conceptualist mode, supported by a critical exegesis of that work. -
Novel Protein Domains and Repeats in Drosophila Melanogaster: Insights Into Structure, Function, and Evolution
Downloaded from genome.cshlp.org on September 29, 2021 - Published by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press Article Novel Protein Domains and Repeats in Drosophila melanogaster: Insights into Structure, Function, and Evolution Chris P. Ponting,1,4 Richard Mott,2 Peer Bork,3 and Richard R. Copley3 1MRC Functional Genetics Unit, Department of Human Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QX, UK; 2Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Oxford OX37BN, UK; 3European Molecular Biology Laboratory, 69012 Heidelberg, Germany Sequence database searching methods such as BLAST, are invaluable for predicting molecular function on the basis of sequence similarities among single regions of proteins. Searches of whole databases however, are not optimized to detect multiple homologous regions within a single polypeptide. Here we have used the prospero algorithm to perform self-comparisons of all predicted Drosophila melanogaster gene products. Predicted repeats, and their homologs from all species, were analyzed further to detect hitherto unappreciated evolutionary relationships. Results included the identification of novel tandem repeats in the human X-linked retinitis pigmentosa type-2 gene product, repeated segments in cystinosin, associated with a defect in cystine transport, and ‘nested’ homologous domains in dysferlin, whose gene is mutated in limb girdle muscular dystrophy. Novel signaling domain families were found that may regulate the microtubule-based cytoskeleton and ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis, respectively. Two families of glycosyl hydrolases were shown to contain internal repetitions that hint at their evolution via a piecemeal, modular approach. In addition, three examples of fruit fly genes were detected with tandem exons that appear to have arisen via internal duplication. -
Laboratory Harbor Spring Cold Annual Report 1990
YEAR CENTENNIAL THE LABORATORY HARBOR SPRING COLD ANNUAL REPORT 1990 COLD SPRING HARBOR LABORATORY THE CENTENNIAL YEAR ANNUAL REPORT 1990 Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Box 100 1 Bungtown Road Cold Spring Harbor, New York 11724 Book design Emily Harste Editors Dorothy Brown, Lee Martin Photography Margot Bennett, Herb Parsons, Edward Campodonico Typography Marie Sullivan Front cover: Jones Laboratory, during the Centennial fireworks dis- play. This building, completed in 1893, was the first structure built expressly for science at Cold Spring Harbor. (Photograph by Ross Meurer and Margot Bennett.) Back Cover: (Top) Centennial reenactment of the first biology class at Cold Spring Harbor on board the launch "Rotifer." (Inset) The original class of 1890. Reenactments for the Centennial were directed by Rob Gensel. (Photograph by Randy Wilfong.) (Bottom) Centennial reenactment of the Laboratory's first biology class on the Jones Laboratory porch. (Inset) The original 1890 class on the porch of the old Fish Hatchery building before the completion of Jones Laboratory. (Photograph by Margot Bennett.) Contents Officers of the Corporation/Board of Trustees v Governance and Major Affiliations vi Committees vii Edward Pulling (1898-1991)viii DIRECTOR'S REPORT DEPARTMENTAL REPORTS 21 Administration 23 Buildings and Grounds 25 Development 28 Library Services 30 Public Affairs 32 RESEARCH 35 Tumor Viruses 37 Molecular Genetics of Eukaryotic Cells 93 Genetics 155 Structure and Computation 197 Neuroscience 213 CSH Laboratory Junior Fellows217 COLD SPRING