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Fiber Types · Safety InUse•

Ciba Washfast Acid Dyes may be used on the Although no chemical is entirely freefrom hazard, · following fiber types: these products will pres�nt a low to no health risk, • Wool (includirg Cashmere, Alpaca, Angora, provided that good standards of studio· hygiene are and other protein fi�rs) observed in their use and storage. All persons. • Silk handling them should take precautions to avoid Techniques• Nylon· accidental ingestion, inhalation, skin and eye contact and should be aware of any limitations of use of specific products. While dyes and the • high temperature immersion chemicals associated with their use are not highly • handpainting silkscreening ,. toxic, they are industrtal chemicals and should be • block prtnting handled with care. Chemical productsshould not • airbrushing be allowed to get into the eyes, but 1f they should • warp painting by accident, wash eyes with clean water and then_ • resist (paste resist, gutta, bound) obtain medical treatment. Prolonged or repeated • batch dyeing (tie dyeing, rainbow dyeing) contact with skin should be avoided. Wear rubber gloves and use implements to stir solutions and ColorSeereverse Availablefor further deta ils.· dyebaths. Inhalation of'dusts .should be avoided by careful handling of powders. If the dyes are handled where particles may become airborne, a Yellow, Gold Yellow, Scarlet, Fuchsia, Turquoise, suitable dust respirator should be worn. Navy, Brown, Black, Green, Blue, and Violet. Obviously, chemicals slJ.ould ,not be taken -WhatNote: These Youdyes- Willare Need completely intennixable. . internally, and the use of food, drink and smoking materials should be prohibited where chemicals are employed. The utensils used fordyeing should Stainless steel, enamel, plastic or glass measuring. not be used for other purposes (eg. food). . A final and mixing cups and spoons. Do not use suggestion: Children and animals are natur�y galvanized metal or aluminum for mixing or' curtous. Do not leave open jars or bqttles where storage. · little hands and paws can get to them. Safetydata �heets on individualproducts are available · MASK and GWVES Preparingupon request. The Fabric GLAUBER'S SALT- a leveling agent which works to produce even dyeing (table salt may be used, although leveling may be s�ghtly reduced). Before dyeing any fabrti;_, it must be scoured. This removes dirt, grease, starches, sizing, and other ACETIC ACID (56% strength), OR VINEGAR, OR impurtties fromthe fiber which interferes with the. CITRIC ACID MAY BE USED - causes the dye to dyeing process. Fabrtc may be sc6ured with react with the fibeL See DYE PROCEDURE. RecipeSynthrapol For Soap .Dyebath or O�s MethodPaste. WATER- must be soft water. If your water is hard, use Calgon (Sodium Hexarnetaphosphate) to soften it prt9r to dyeing. Because acid dyes will store in liquid formfor up· to 6 months, it is easier to work with them in CIBA WASHFASTACID DYES stock. solution when immersion dyeing. INSI'RUCTIONS Preparing A Stock Solution dyed at a lower temperature than wool; nqt higher To make 1- lit_erstock solution than 185 F.(85 C.) • 250 ml. soft water NYLONis dyed at a ·2% depth of shade for 1 hour • 10 g. washfast acid dye po�der or more ,and is br0111ght to a full boil. It does not drop nonionic detergent (Synthrapol) absorb· the dyes readily as wool or silk because of , . , . l its molecular structure. Place• 1 water in stainless steel,· enamel, or glass pan. Add dye. Adddetergent. Heat until dye is NaTES: dissolved - usually 5-10 minutes at a boil. Pour l. Ifa shade is not satisfactory duringthe beginning of this solution into a 1 liter container. Add enough the bath, it is bestto let the bath continue before 1 attempting to adjust it with additions of dye. However, cool water to bring solution 1:IPto liter." Transfer dYf may be added later in the bath. On the other hand, if solution to a stock container forstoring. Store out a colorearly in the bath is exactly what is required and of heat or direct light. Thissolution may be used has appeared earlier than planned it is possibleto in all dye recipes. Colorsmay be intermixed. . "freez,JJ• the color. Preparea second bath which is identical to the dye bath exceptlacking dye. Transferthe Dye Procedure· fiberto this bath. with all the salt, acid, and heating as if To dye 500 g. offiber to a 1% depth of shade: it had continued in the1original dyebath. This is called a "stop bath· because it is designedto stop the dye color at • 500 ml. washfg5t acid stock solution a certain point. Nar simply the yam out without • 100 g. salt .finishing the dye run, unless fastness is not a • 25 ml. 56% acetic acid (youm ay substitute consideration. DO pull 2. Rinsing well is vital. Unreacteddye remains trapped in with 250 ml. of vinegar or 25g of citric acid) · •. the fiber and often uneven and running color is due not to 4 liters or more of soft water a poor dye Job but to inadequate rinsing. L Weigh and record dry weight of fiber. . 2. Scour and wet out fiper. 3. Place 4 liters of water into a stainless steel. enamel, or glass dye pot 4. Add half salt, add half acetic acid (or vinegar, or citric acid), add all the stock solution. ·5_ Add fiber; begin heating 6. . After 20 minutes, add remaining salt.

I , 7. After another 20 minutes, add remain_ingacid. 8. Continue heating and stirringaccording to the requirements of the type of fiber. · \ 9. Remove from heat; cool to almost room temperature before removing fiber. Dye Recipe For Direct Application 10 .. Rinse thoroughly in tepid water; \:Vashwith NaTE: this recipe is good.forhandpainting, silkscreer;iing, 30 ml. Orvus Paste to 500 g. of fiber; rinse block printing, airbrushing, warp painting, and batch well; extract excess water; dry. dyeing. • 50 ml. dye stock solution of each color needed Fiber Requirements •, 100 ml. soft water WOOL is usually dyed at 1 fora full shade • 100 ml. denatured alcohol except for blacks, navy blues, and maroons, which . 1. Mix the water and alcohol together'and use usually require up to 3%. It% may be boiled but this to dilute the dye stock solution for paler should not be allowed to go to a rolling boil. colors. _ Temperature changes must be gradual to.avoid 2. Dye may be directly applied in many ways: eg. felting. It should be processed at least 1 hour to 1 1 stretch fabricand handpaint, tie, stitch or fold /2 hours for good fastness. fabric and apply dye with brushes or pipettes. SILK is also dyed at but will have richer ·. ,Paint dye directly onto .warp yam. Thicken dye concentration at 'this shade than wool. It must be with sodium alginate and silkscreen or block 1 % pri�t, etc.