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Tr-2008-04 10 May 2008 AMERICAN PUBLIC LIBRARY TOPICS AN ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY By the members of the Spring 2008 Public Libraries Seminar at the School of Infor mation and Library Science University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 10 MAY 2008 TR-2008-04 10 MAY 2008 TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................................................................... III FORWARD ............................................................................................................................................... IV IMPACT OF PHILANTHROPY ON THE PUBLIC LIBRARY .............................................................................. 5 COLLECTION MANAGEMENT .................................................................................................................. 11 SHELVING AND ORGANIZATION ISSUES IN PUBLIC LIBRARIES ................................................................ 19 CHILDREN’S SERVICES ............................................................................................................................ 25 GRAPHIC NOVELS AND MANGA FOR YOUNG ADULTS ............................................................................ 33 VIDEO/DVD IN PUBLIC LIBRARIES: RECREATION OR INFORMATION? ..................................................... 39 TECHNOLOGY AND THE PUBLIC LIBRARY ............................................................................................... 45 TECHNOLOGY AND USER EXPECTATIONS IN PUBLIC LIBRARIES .............................................................. 53 THE HOMELESS: AN OVERLOOKED USER GROUP ................................................................................... 57 JOINT-USE LIBRARIES AND CREATIVE COLLABORATIONS ....................................................................... 61 INTERNATIONAL PUBLIC LIBRARIES AND IMMIGRANT SERVICES ........................................................... 67 THE FUTURE OF AMERICAN PUBLIC LIBRARIES ....................................................................................... 71 INDEX OF AUTHORS ............................................................................................................................... 77 TR-2008-04 III 10 MAY 2008 FORWARD During the spring 2008 semester at the School of Information and Library Science at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, the members of the Public Libraries Seminar considered the state of the American Public Library from several aspects. After pondering the philosophical, political, professional, and ecological contexts in which the public library exists, each of the members guided the seminar through a topic area that held special meaning for them. The result of these guided tours is the annotated subject bibliography contained in this report. While the bibliographies are probably a full and fairly complete resource for anyone else interested in the topics discussed, the goal was not to create a dry academic resource. Rather the objective in creating the bibliographies was that the students list those resources that held particular meaning for them, and that their comments about the resources be personal, sincere, and tied to their individual concerns. This is the fourth iteration of a public library bibliography and supplements the one created by the members of the spring 2005, spring 2006, and spring 2007 Public Libraries Seminars. The four together form a solid foundation for subsequent public library seminars to modify, add to, and enhance. Ron Bergquist TR-2008-04 IV 10 MAY 2008 IMPACT OF PHILANTHROPY ON THE PUBLIC LIBRARY Siobhan Loendorf Since the establishment of the public library in the 19th century many individuals have donated their time, energy and money to the advancement of the institution. Most famous is perhaps the philanthropy of Andrew Carnegie, who donated over $55 million dollars for communities to build 1,689 public libraries in the United States between 1883 and 1929. The impact of his philanthropy on the public library extended beyond the physical buildings to include library funding practices, library design and the public perception of the library as the ‗People‘s University‘. More recently, Bill and Melinda Gates have created a Foundation for the administration of their worldwide philanthropy. In 1997 they began their U.S. Library program aimed at bridging the digital divide in America. As a result, 99% of public libraries now offer free public access computers to approximately fourteen million library patrons across the country. In 2007, the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation kicked off a new program aimed at maintaining public access to high quality computers and Internet access. It is difficult to gauge the full effect of the Gates grants on the public library as the program is ongoing, however, the materials included below will attempt to explore the possibilities. The following books, articles and websites have been selected to provide background history and supporting evidence of the effect of the philanthropies of Andrew Carnegie and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation have had on the public library. ANDREW CARNEGIE Alderson, B.Error! Bookmark not defined. (1909). Andrew Carnegie. New York: Doubleday, Page & Co. Bernard Alderson‘s biography of Andrew Carnegie was published in 1909 while Andrew Carnegie was still alive. Chapter nine is especially pertinent to the topic as it discusses Carnegie‘s Gospel of Wealth, a concept that has had a lasting impact on the public library in the way in which it seems to have influenced modern philanthropy. Bobinski, G. S.Error! Bookmark not defined. (1969). Carnegie libraries; their history and impact on American public library development. Chicago: American Library Association. George S. Bobinski‘s book is a great resource for someone wanting to know more about Andrew Carnegie and his library program. He studied the correspondence of the Carnegie Corporation in order to document the history of the Carnegie library philanthropy. This comprehensive history takes the reader from the motivations for Carnegie‘s philanthropy to criticism and impact of his great generosity. It provides details about how communities secured a Carnegie grant and includes appendices with sample letters and list of communities that received grants. Chapter ten directly addresses the impact of the Carnegie Philanthropy on American Public Library development. TR-2008-04 5 10 MAY 2008 SIOBHAN LEONDORF Carnegie Corporation of New YorkError! Bookmark not defined. (2008). Retrieved April 29, 2008 from http://www.carnegie.org/sub/philanthropy/index.html The Carnegie Corporation was founded by Andrew Carnegie in 1911 to ―promote the advancement and diffusion of knowledge and understanding.‖ The pages about the Carnegie vision and practice provide a snapshot of life in America during Carnegie‘s lifetime. It also provides a summary of Carnegie‘s philanthropic vision and his vision for his corporation. Gardiner, A.Error! Bookmark not defined. (1985). The Carnegie legacy in Kansas: A retrospective view of the 59 public libraries built by Andrew Carnegie: A souvenir publication to commemorate the sesquicentennial of Carnegie’s birth. Topeka, Kan.: Kansas State Library. This book presents an interesting account of the history of the Carnegie libraries in the state of Kansas. The author studied each of the libraries‘ histories and presents here the story of 59 Carnegie libraries. Photos of each library are accompanied by that library‘s history and the current status of the building. Because this just deals with the state of Kansas it is somewhat limited, but still a valuable reference in assessing the impact of the Carnegie philanthropy on the public library. Open Directory ProjectError! Bookmark not defined. (2008). Retrieved April 29, 2008 from http://www.dmoz.org/Society/History/By_Time_Period/Nineteenth_Century/People/Carnegi e,_Andrew/ Open Directory has created a bibliography of links to information about Andrew Carnegie, his history and philanthropy. Included on this page are links to Carnegie‘s writings, his biographical information and sites dedicated to the histories of individual Carnegie libraries around the world. THE DIGITAL DIVIDE & THE BILL AND MELINDA GATES FOUNDATION Bertot, J. C., McClure, C. R., & Ryan, J. (2002). Impact of external technology funding programs for public libraries: A study of LSTA, E-rate, Gates, and others. Public Libraries, 41(3), 166-171. The authors present selected findings from a study aimed at measuring the impact and benefits of services meant to bridge the digital divide. Specifically the article looks at how public libraries are taking advantage of the various sources of technology funding. They also took note of how some institutions successfully combined these funding resources to meet their library‘s needs. This would be a good source for libraries interested in learning more about technology funding, it highlights issues other libraries have encountered and possible funding gaps that need to be addressed. Bertot, J. C., Florida State University, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, & American Library Association. (2006). Public libraries and the internet 2006: Study results and findings. Tallahassee, Fla.: Information Use Management and Policy Institute, College of Information, Florida State University. This 2006 study, funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, is a continuation of studies conducted by the authors since 1994. It is meant to provide current information about the state of public libraries
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