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SIGMA2 Work Progress Summary 2021 TECHNICAL COMMISSION SIGMA 2 – Progress Report 2021 Summary Technical Commission 3AF - SIGMA2 SIGMA2 Work progress summary 2021 TECHNICAL COMMISSION SIGMA 2 – Progress Report 2021 Summary « Because it is more difficult to break down a prejudice than an atom » Albert Einstein Theoretical physicist, inventor of the theory of Relativity (20th century) « And the Astronomers, who, by measuring the size of the stars, find them much larger than the Earth, also confirm it: for if, from the indefinite extent of the world, we infer that there must be inhabitants elsewhere than 'in the Earth, it can also be inferred from the extent that all the Astronomers attribute to it; because there is no one who does not judge that the Earth is smaller in the eyes of all Heaven, than n 'is a grain of sand in the face of a mountain. » (Letter to Chanut of June 6, 1647) René Descartes French mathematician, physicist and philosopher (17th century) « Science has the good fortune and the modesty to know that it is in the provisional, to move the frontiers of the unknown and to move forward » Marc Augé French ethnologist and anthropologist (20th-21st century) Page | 2 TECHNICAL COMMISSION SIGMA 2 – Progress Report 2021 Summary Acknowledgments The SIGMA2 Commission of 3AF recognizes the valuable contribution of Dr. Paul Kuentzmann, member of the SIGMA Technical Commission, then SIGMA2, to the work of the Technical Commission and to this progress report. Despite his fatigue and then his disappearance in 2020, his numerous analyzes have continued to inform the work of SIGMA2 and will continue to do so for a long time to come. We thank him for that. We would like to add our thanks to Mr. Alain Boudier (chairman of the PAN Commission then SIGMA) and to Dr. Khoa Dang Tran who left a number of technical notes which also contribute to the richness of this report. ---------------------------------------------------------- Commission 3AF/SIGMA2 wishes to thank the people and organizations which positively accommodated the questions and requests of the Commission, even contributed to provide certain data. Armée de l’Air et de l’Espace Française: CDAOA- Base aérienne de Lyon Mont Verdun – CNOA- Centre Cosmos Mr. Philippe Ailleris Mr. Pierre-Olivier Bonnaud Captain Ray Bowyer Major François Cathala- Gendarmerie Nationale CEFAA : General Bermudez, former Director of CEFAA- M. José Lay. COBEPS : MM. Daniel Van Assche, Patrick Ferryn, Jean-Marc Wattecamps CNES- GEIPAN: MM. Jean-Paul Aguttes- Roger Baldacchino - Xavier Passot Ms Marie Corcelle (Journalist) Mr. Pascal Fechner (Maybeplanet) Mr. Dominique Filhol (cinema director Canal+ Group) FOTOCAT Spain: Mr. Vincente-Juan Ballester Olmos IMCCE :Dr François Colas and Jérémie Vaubaillon Mr. Rob Jeffs Mr. Alain Juillet, Senior advisor Intelligence and Security Mrs. Leslie Kean Mr. Paul Kelly (Jersey ATC) Mr. Michael Lejard (General manager Agora Clubs) Mr. Pr Auguste Meessen Mr. Marc Menant (journalist, CNEWS) Mr. Michael Michaud NARCAP : MM. Ted Roe (Chairman), Richard Haines (Chief Scientist), Larry Lemke (NARCAP representative for Cooperation with 3AF/ SIGMA2)- Mr. Dominique Weinstein Mr. Raymond Piccoli, director of the Lightning Research Laboratory (Pégase research group) Mr Nick Pope (UK, ex chief of UK RAF Airstaff, bureau des enquêtes sur les PANs) Mr. Robert Roussel (journalist) SCU : Mr. Robert Powell Dr Valentino Straser (Astrophysicist) Page | 3 TECHNICAL COMMISSION SIGMA 2 – Progress Report 2021 Summary Members, advisors and correspondents of Commission SIGMA2 Honorary members M. Alain Boudier (ancien Président de la CT SIGMA) Dr Khoa Dang Tran Dr Paul Kuentzmann Active members Air Brigadier General (ret) Jean-Marc André M. Dominique Barat Brigadier General (armament) (ret) Pierre Bescond Brigadier General (armament) (ret) Jean-François Clervoy M. Jacques Jacob de Cordemoy M. Joël Deschamps M. Luc Dini, Lieutenant Colonel (armament) (DGA Citizen Reserve) (Chairman CT SIGMA2) Dr Louis Garrigue Dr Francis Gaspari (Secrétaire Rapporteur) Dr Thibaut Gress Contre-amiral (2S) Xavier Houdaille Lieutenant-colonel (ret) Annick Jacquart M. Gérard Labaune Dr François Louange M. Pierre Marx Dr Nicolas Niasse M. Raymond Piccoli M. Guillaume Pierrez Major General (armament) (ret) Marcel Raffin Mme Nadia Tronche M. Jean Varnier (armament) (DGA Citizen Reserve) Advisors M. Michel Dechanet M. Olivier Goretta M. Jean-Louis Heudier (Astronomist, writer) Air Brigadier General (2S) Bruno Mignot M. Ronan Moulinet Dr Xavier Pasco Correspondents M. Philippe Ailleris Mr. Vincente-Juan Ballester Olmos Mr. Rob Jeffs Mr José Lay Mr. Larry Lemke M. R. Baldacchino Mr. Robert Powell Page | 4 TECHNICAL COMMISSION SIGMA 2 – Progress Report 2021 Summary Summary Work progress Report SIGMA 2 Introduction Dr Paul Kuentzmann summarized in two quotes made at the beginning (Albert Einstein and Marc Augé) the principles of exploration of new, unknown subjects, such as UAP by combining audacity and prudence, perseverance and modesty in the face of the difficulties encountered in terms of Scientifical procedure. Indeed, prejudices or incredulity, skepticism oppose curiosity in the face of the unknown, and the absence of sufficient data is also one of the difficulties in moving from simple observation to knowledge, transforming Facts, in Hypotheses, then in Laws and finally in Theories. As a preamble to our work, Dr Paul Kuentzmann recalled its definition, which is a good introduction to the subject. We will leave it to each reader to assess the state of the art of the subject UAP as seen from SIGMA2 on the knowledge scale. We will express our vision for today in the conclusion. FACT: Observation repeatedly confirmed and considered "true"; however, scientific truth is never "final". HYPOTHESIS: Assertion test leading to deductions that can be tested; the more the deductions are verified, the more "correct" the hypothesis becomes. LAW: Descriptive generalization of how a certain aspect of the natural world behaves under given circumstances. THEORY: Sustained explanation regarding a certain aspect of the natural world, which may incorporate facts, laws and tested hypotheses. Mandate The role of the SIGMA2 commission is to modestly follow this logic by bringing together factual elements, by comparing hypotheses to try to characterize these phenomena, by confronting them with the laws of physics and the theories of standard science, while questioning themselves on new theories, a subject barely sketched out. SIGMA 2 Commission has been mandated in 2013 to conduct technical and scientific investigation on UAP cases and adopted the following approach 1. Undertake desk research and the creation of a database for investigation of data and documents whose authenticity has been established and quality assessed. 2. Build a scientific and technical network with first, building links with recognized institutions in the field of UAP, starting with CNES-GEIPAN1. 3. Establish a selection of case studies from available databases to conduct technical investigations. 4. Initiate a reflection on the physical manifestations of these phenomena and their 1 The Group for Study and Information on Unidentified Aerospace Phenomena of the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (National Centre for Spatial Studies) Page | 5 TECHNICAL COMMISSION SIGMA 2 – Progress Report 2021 Summary links with the physical sciences. 5. Establish an inventory of the means and techniques of observation and, starting from a physical analysis, make recommendations on the improvement of observation techniques. SIGMA2 worked on these five axes on the UAP in France and outside France following an initial two-year schedule (2014-2015) which resulted in a first progress report issued in early 2016. It had the first exchanges of analyzes technical, in particular with the Chilean CEFAA, but also with the NARCAP US and the SCU US2. Work continued over the 2016-2021 period with the drafting of specific reports, one in 2017 on the Cougar Chilean case, the other in early 2018 in the form of a note concerning the disclosure of the American AATIP (Advanced Air Threat Investigation Program) and infrared videos taken by US Navy F18s. These two documents have been made freely available on the 3AF CT SIGMA2 site. This progress report builds on the 2015 report with a particular focus on contact development, data and report research, in-depth case study (especially data from Chile, or the USA , as well as the cross-checking of old cases with electromagnetic effects), and the study of physical phenomena. SIGMA2 axis of efforts 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 Document- data base research External physical cases analysis (US, Chili) Foreign contacts (CEFAA-NARCAP-SCU)- Coms notes Contact Communication and round tables- TTSA/ AATIP event follow on Cases Selection- analysis In depth technical scientific analysis on physical data Physics analysis improved in // domains plasma/ball lightning- MW effects electronics-human- aircrafts Physical Elements inventory- IR/radar analysis- ball lighnting options identified- need more support and Observation enhanced scientific cooperation inventory Progress report Progress report 2015 2021 initial analysis light progress improvement acceleraton Methodology for a documentation and database An inventory of the databases, French and foreign, has been established as well as a document assessment methodology relating to cases of UAP but also to research in this area, particularly in the USA, Great Britain and in Eastern Europe countries. Researches has also been carried out on official documents tracing contacts on the UAP subject at the UN
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