DOCSLIB.ORG

Zootaxa, Hymenoptera, Formicidae

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Zootaxa, Hymenoptera, Formicidae Zootaxa 484: 1–4 (2004) ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ ZOOTAXA 484 Copyright © 2004 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) Discothyrea sringerensis (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) a new ant species from India MERRY ZACHARIAS & PRIYADARSANAN DHARMA RAJAN Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment (ATREE), No. 659, 5th A main, Hebbal, Bangalore –560 024, India. [email protected], [email protected] Abstract Discothyrea sringerensis sp. nov. is described and is the first record of this genus from South India. The other known species of Discothyrea are scattered within the tropics and the temperate zones of the world. Based on workers, D. sringerensis is most similar to the species described from Malaysia and Australia characterised by 10-segmented antennae. Key words: Discothyrea, Proceratiinae, Formicidae, Western Ghats, India Introduction The range of Discothyrea lies predominantly within the tropics and warm temperate parts of the Southern Hemisphere (Brown 1958; Bolton 1995; Kubota & Terayama 1999). The only known species from India is Discothyrea stumperi from Meghalaya (de Andrade 1998). Baroni Urbani (1977), after examining specimens collected by myrmecologists after an expedition to South India and Sri Lanka, mentions no encounter of Discothyrea from these regions. Discothyrea are small rare ants mostly encountered in the litter where they are thought to be specialist predators on arthropod eggs. Due to its small size, inconspicuous nests, death-feigning habits and cryptobiotic tendencies, Discothyrea is relatively rarely col- lected and little is known of its habits (Brown 1958). The species described here is the first report of this genus from the Western Ghats. The new species shows close affinity to the Malaysian species Discothyrea bryanti Wheeler and to the Australian species Discothyrea velutina Wheeler, both characterised by 10-seg- mented antennae. Accepted by J.T. Longino: 30 Mar. 2004; published: 2 Apr. 2004 1.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Morphology of the Novel Basimandibular Gland in the Ant Genus Strumigenys (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)
    insects Article Morphology of the Novel Basimandibular Gland in the Ant Genus Strumigenys (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) Chu Wang 1,* , Michael Steenhuyse-Vandevelde 1, Chung-Chi Lin 2 and Johan Billen 1 1 Zoological Institute, University of Leuven, Naamsestraat 59, Box 2466, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium; [email protected] (M.S.-V.); [email protected] (J.B.) 2 Department of Biology, National Changhua University of Education, Changhua 50007, Taiwan; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Simple Summary: Ants form a diverse group of social insects that are characterized by an over- whelming variety of exocrine glands, that play a key function in the communication system and social organization of the colony. Our focus goes to the genus Strumigenys, that comprise small slow-moving ants that mainly prey on springtails. We discovered a novel gland inside the mandibles of all 22 investigated species, using light and electron microscopy. As the gland occurs close to the base of the mandibles, we name it ‘basimandibular gland’ according to the putative description given to this mandible region in a publication by the eminent British ant taxonomist Barry Bolton in 1999. The gland exists in both workers and queens and appeared most developed in the queens of Strumigenys mutica. These queens in addition to the basimandibular gland also have a cluster of gland cells near the tip of their mandibles. The queens of this species enter colonies of other Strumigenys species and parasitize on them. We expect that the peculiar development of these glands inside the mandibles of these S. mutica queens plays a role in this parasitic lifestyle, and hope that future research can shed more light on the biology of these ants.
    [Show full text]
  • New Distributional Records of Ants in Arkansas David M
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by ScholarWorks@UARK Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science Volume 62 Article 25 2008 New Distributional Records of Ants in Arkansas David M. General University of Arkansas at Monticello, [email protected] Lynne C. Thompson University of Arkansas at Monticello Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaas Part of the Entomology Commons Recommended Citation General, David M. and Thompson, Lynne C. (2008) "New Distributional Records of Ants in Arkansas," Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science: Vol. 62 , Article 25. Available at: http://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaas/vol62/iss1/25 This article is available for use under the Creative Commons license: Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-ND 4.0). Users are able to read, download, copy, print, distribute, search, link to the full texts of these articles, or use them for any other lawful purpose, without asking prior permission from the publisher or the author. This General Note is brought to you for free and open access by ScholarWorks@UARK. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science by an authorized editor of ScholarWorks@UARK. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science, Vol. 62 [2008], Art. 25 New Distributional Records of Ants in Arkansas D. General1,2 and L. Thompson1 1Arkansas Forest Resources Center, School of Forest Resources, University of Arkansas-Monticello, Monticello, AR 71656-3468 2Correspondence: [email protected] The importance of ants in environmental studies has the county totals from 1 species each (based on Warren been increasingly recognized.
    [Show full text]
  • Borowiec Et Al-2020 Ants – Phylogeny and Classification
    A Ants: Phylogeny and 1758 when the Swedish botanist Carl von Linné Classification published the tenth edition of his catalog of all plant and animal species known at the time. Marek L. Borowiec1, Corrie S. Moreau2 and Among the approximately 4,200 animals that he Christian Rabeling3 included were 17 species of ants. The succeeding 1University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, USA two and a half centuries have seen tremendous 2Departments of Entomology and Ecology & progress in the theory and practice of biological Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, classification. Here we provide a summary of the NY, USA current state of phylogenetic and systematic 3Social Insect Research Group, Arizona State research on the ants. University, Tempe, AZ, USA Ants Within the Hymenoptera Tree of Ants are the most ubiquitous and ecologically Life dominant insects on the face of our Earth. This is believed to be due in large part to the cooperation Ants belong to the order Hymenoptera, which also allowed by their sociality. At the time of writing, includes wasps and bees. ▶ Eusociality, or true about 13,500 ant species are described and sociality, evolved multiple times within the named, classified into 334 genera that make up order, with ants as by far the most widespread, 17 subfamilies (Fig. 1). This diversity makes the abundant, and species-rich lineage of eusocial ants the world’s by far the most speciose group of animals. Within the Hymenoptera, ants are part eusocial insects, but ants are not only diverse in of the ▶ Aculeata, the clade in which the ovipos- terms of numbers of species.
    [Show full text]
  • Hymenoptera: Formicidae
    16 The Weta 30: 16-18 (2005) Changes to the classification of ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Darren F. Ward School of Biological Sciences, Tamaki Campus, Auckland University, Private Bag 92019, Auckland ([email protected]) Introduction This short note aims to update the reader on changes to the subfamily classification of ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Although the New Zealand ant fauna is very small, these changes affect the classification and phylogeny of both endemic and exotic ant species in New Zealand. Bolton (2003) has recently proposed a new subfamily classification for ants. Two new subfamilies have been created, a revised status for one, and new status for four. Worldwide, there are now 21 extant subfamilies of ants. The endemic fauna of New Zealand is now classified into six subfamilies (Table 1), as a result of three subfamilies, Amblyoponinae, Heteroponerinae and Proceratiinae, being split from the traditional subfamily Ponerinae. Bolton’s (2003) classification also affects several exotic species in New Zealand. Three species have been transferred from Ponerinae: Amblyopone australis to Amblyoponinae, and Rhytidoponera chalybaea and R. metallica to Ectatomminae. Currently there are 28 exotic species in New Zealand (Table 1). Eighteen species have most likely come from Australia, where they are native. Eight are global tramp species, commonly transported by human activities, and two species are of African origin. Nineteen of the currently established exotic species are recorded for the first time in New Zealand as occurring outside their native range. This may result in difficulty in obtaining species-specific biological knowledge and assessing their likelihood of becoming successful invaders. In addition to the work by Bolton (2003), Phil Ward and colleagues at UC Davis have started to resolve the phylogenetic relationships among subfamilies and genera of all ants using molecular data (Ward et al, 2005).
    [Show full text]
  • Description of a New Genus of Primitive Ants from Canadian Amber
    University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Center for Systematic Entomology, Gainesville, Insecta Mundi Florida 8-11-2017 Description of a new genus of primitive ants from Canadian amber, with the study of relationships between stem- and crown-group ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Leonid H. Borysenko Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids and Nematodes, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/insectamundi Part of the Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Commons, and the Entomology Commons Borysenko, Leonid H., "Description of a new genus of primitive ants from Canadian amber, with the study of relationships between stem- and crown-group ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)" (2017). Insecta Mundi. 1067. http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/insectamundi/1067 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Center for Systematic Entomology, Gainesville, Florida at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Insecta Mundi by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. INSECTA MUNDI A Journal of World Insect Systematics 0570 Description of a new genus of primitive ants from Canadian amber, with the study of relationships between stem- and crown-group ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Leonid H. Borysenko Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids and Nematodes AAFC, K.W. Neatby Building 960 Carling Ave., Ottawa, K1A 0C6, Canada Date of Issue: August 11, 2017 CENTER FOR SYSTEMATIC ENTOMOLOGY, INC., Gainesville, FL Leonid H. Borysenko Description of a new genus of primitive ants from Canadian amber, with the study of relationships between stem- and crown-group ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Insecta Mundi 0570: 1–57 ZooBank Registered: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:C6CCDDD5-9D09-4E8B-B056-A8095AA1367D Published in 2017 by Center for Systematic Entomology, Inc.
    [Show full text]
  • Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020 C
    P Poneroid Ants Ponerinae, which included the current poneroid subfamilies as well as Leptanillinae, the formicoid Roberto A. Keller1 and Christian Peeters2 subfamilies Ectatomminae and Heteroponerinae, 1Museu Nacional de História Natural e da Ciência and all the ▶ Dorylinae that do not display army- & cE3c-FCUL, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, ant behavior (formerly included in the now obso- Portugal lete subfamily Cerapachyinae). Ponerinae sensu 2CNRS, Institute of Ecology and Environmental lato was defined by putative ancestral traits Sciences, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France exhibited by its members rather than the existence of shared derived characteristics. William Morton Wheeler remarked that “the Ponerinae comprises Poneroid ants are a clade composed of six well- unmistakably primitive and generalized forms and defined subfamilies that are morphologically het- therefore constitutes a group of twofold interest, erogeneous (Agroecomyrmecinae, first, as the ancestral stock of the higher subfamilies, Amblyoponinae, Apomyrminae, Paraponerinae, and second, as the oldest existing expression of Ponerinae and Proceratiinae) (Fig. 1). Poneroids social life among the Formicidae” [13]. Wheeler’s include just 11% of extant ant species, and molec- view persisted for a century, with subsequent ular data [4] recognize it as the sister group of the authors explicitly treating Ponerinae sensu lato as formicoids [12], the clade with the bulk of species an all-encompassing taxon from which the other diversity (Fig. 2). Not included in either of the subfamilies arose [5]. poneroids or formicoids are ▶ Leptanillinae and The twenty-first century has already brought Martialinae, two diminutive subfamilies com- major changes to the higher classification as sub- posed of highly specialized tiny subterranean families were redefined [2], morphological charac- workers.
    [Show full text]
  • Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Community Over 25 Years
    Changes in an invaded Florida ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) community over 25 years Leo Ohyama1,*, Joshua R. King1, and Benjamin M. Gochnour2 Abstract Exotic invasive species are one of the most widespread and common agents of change in ecosystems worldwide. Here, we are focused on community- level changes associated with the appearance and persistence of exotic species in an ecosystem over more than 2 decades. We combined datasets of Florida’s ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) community from Wekiwa Springs State Park, Florida, USA, spanning 25 yr, which included 3 sampling events in several distinct upland ecosystems. Species accumulation curves, non-parametric species estimators, community similarity indices, and ratios of exotic to native ants were used to assess sampling effort, including patterns of diversity, and changes in community composition. Our data showed that the ant community of Wekiwa Springs has at least 4 exotic species present in all of the ecosystems sampled within the park. These upland eco- systems are accumulating exotics slowly and, with one exception, there is no clear signal that the exotic species are displacing native species. The likely exception is the invasive fire ant,Solenopsis invicta Buren (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), causing local extinction of the native fire Solenopsisant geminata (Fabricius) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Continued long-term monitoring efforts are necessary to understand how these exotics may impact native communities in the future. Key Words: displacement; fire; fire ants; ecosystem management; invasion; persistence Resumen Las especies exóticas invasoras son uno de los agentes comunes más extendidos de cambio en los ecosistemas de todo el mundo. Aquí, nos enfocamos sobre los cambios a nivel comunitario asociados con la aparición y persistencia de especies exóticas en un ecosistema durante más de 2 décadas.
    [Show full text]
  • Insect Morphometry Is Reproducible Under Average Investigation Standards
    Insect Morphometry is Reproducible Under Average Investigation Standards Sandor Csosz1, Bernhard Seifert2, Istvan Mik´o3, Brendon Boudinot4, Marek Borowiec5, Brian Fisher6, Matthew Prebus5, Jayanthi Puniamoorthy7, Jean Claude Rakotonirina8, Nicole Rasoamanana8, Roland Schultz2, Carolyn Trietsch9, Jonah Ulmer10, and Zolt´an Elek11 1MTA 2Senckenberg Museum of Natural History G¨orlitz 3University of New Hampshire Department of Biological Sciences 4University of California Davis Department of Entomology and Nematology 5University of Idaho 6California Academy of Sciences 7National University of Singapore 8Madagascar Biodiversity Center 9Pennsylvania State University University Park 10Staatliches Museum f¨urNaturkunde Stuttgart 11MTA-ELTE-MTM, Ecology Research Group August 28, 2020 Abstract Morphometric research is being applied to a growing number and variety of organisms. Discoveries achieved via morphometric approaches are often considered highly transferable, in contrast to the tacit and idiosyncratic interpretation of discrete character states. The reliability of morphometric workflows in insect systematics has never been a subject of focused research, but such studies are sorely needed. In this paper, we assess the reproducibility of morphometric studies of ants where the mode of data collection is a shared routine. We compared datasets generated by eleven independent gaugers, i.e. collaborators, who measured 21 continuous morphometric traits on the same pool of individuals according to the same protocol. The gaugers possessed a wide range of morphometric skills, had varying expertise among insect groups, and differed in their facility with measuring equipment. We used Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) to calculate repeatability and reproducibility values (i.e., intra-, and inter-gauger agreements), and we performed a multivariate Permutational Multivariate Analysis of Variance (PERMANOVA) using the Morosita index of dissimilarity with 9999 iterations.
    [Show full text]
  • An Updated Checklist of the Ants of India with Their Specific Distributions in Indian States (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)
    See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/290001866 An updated checklist of the ants of India with their specific distributions in Indian states (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) ARTICLE in ZOOKEYS · JANUARY 2016 Impact Factor: 0.93 · DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.551.6767 READS 97 4 AUTHORS, INCLUDING: Benoit Guénard The University of Hong Kong 44 PUBLICATIONS 420 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE Meenakshi Bharti Punjabi University, Patiala 23 PUBLICATIONS 122 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE Available from: Benoit Guénard Retrieved on: 26 March 2016 A peer-reviewed open-access journal ZooKeys 551: 1–83 (2016) State wise distribution of Indian ants 1 doi: 10.3897/zookeys.551.6767 CHECKLIST http://zookeys.pensoft.net Launched to accelerate biodiversity research An updated checklist of the ants of India with their specific distributions in Indian states (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) Himender Bharti1, Benoit Guénard2, Meenakshi Bharti1, Evan P. Economo3 1 Department of Zoology and Environmental Sciences, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, India 2 School of Biological Sciences, Kadoorie Biological Sciences Building, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China 3 Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna, Okina- wa, Japan 904-0495 Corresponding author: Himender Bharti ([email protected]) Academic editor: B. Fisher | Received 6 October 2015 | Accepted 18 November 2015 | Published 11 January 2016 http://zoobank.org/9F406589-BFE0-4670-A810-8A00C533CDA7 Citation: Bharti H, Guénard B, Bharti M, Economo EP (2016) An updated checklist of the ants of India with their specific distributions in Indian states (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). ZooKeys 551: 1–83.doi: 10.3897/zookeys.551.6767 Abstract As one of the 17 megadiverse countries of the world and with four biodiversity hotspots represented in its borders, India is home to an impressive diversity of life forms.
    [Show full text]
  • Conservation Assessment and Management Plan Workshop for Freshwater Biodiversity of Pakistan, 13-17 December, 2004
    Newsletter of the Invertebrate Conservation & Information Network of South Asia & the Invertebrate Special Interest Group, CBSG, South Asia Vol. 8 No. 1, July 2005 Conservation Assessment and Management Plan Workshop for Freshwater Biodiversity of Pakistan, 13-17 December, 2004 A Conservation Assessment and Management Plan (C.A.M.P) workshop for Freshwater Biodiversity for Pakistan was organised by the IUCN Pakistan in association with CBSG South Asia, South Asian Invertebrate Specialist Group and Zoo Outreach Organisation from 13-17 December 2004. The objective of the workshop is to assess the status of selected freshwater fauna such as Fishes, Crustaceans (crabs), Molluscs (snails), and Odonates (dragonflies and damselflies) in the wild. Dr. Abdul Latif Rao, Country Representative, IUCN Pakistan, Dr. B. A. Wani, Inspector General, Ministry of Forests, Government of Pakistan, Dr. Kashif M. Sheikh, Head, IUCNP and Sally Walker, Convenor, CBSG South Asia were on the dias for the inaugural function. Short presentations were given by them and also by Dr. Nasim Akhtar, Dy. Dir. General, Animal Sciences Institute (Freshwater Resources and its Conservation in Pakistan), Sanjay Molur, Co chair, Reinrtroduction Specialist Group, South and East Asia and Red List Specialist, and by Dr. B.A. Daniel, Co chair, South Asian Invertebrate Specialist Group. The IUCN SSC Freshwater Biodiversity Programme identified the groups such as Freshwater fishes, Crustaceans (crabs), Molluscs (snails), and Odonata (Dragonflies & Damselflies), so the participants agreed to prioritise these groups of their five day assessment. Before dividing into working groups information of a well-known species, the Himalayan Maseer (Tor macraleupatus) of the Family Ciprinidae, was tried and a taxon data sheet was filled in as an example with all participants contributing information.
    [Show full text]
  • Zootaxa, Hymenoptera, Formicidae
    Zootaxa 484: 1–4 (2004) ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ ZOOTAXA 484 Copyright © 2004 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) Discothyrea sringerensis (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) a new ant species from India MERRY ZACHARIAS & PRIYADARSANAN DHARMA RAJAN Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment (ATREE), No. 659, 5th A main, Hebbal, Bangalore –560 024, India. [email protected], [email protected] Abstract Discothyrea sringerensis sp. nov. is described and is the first record of this genus from South India. The other known species of Discothyrea are scattered within the tropics and the temperate zones of the world. Based on workers, D. sringerensis is most similar to the species described from Malaysia and Australia characterised by 10-segmented antennae. Key words: Discothyrea, Proceratiinae, Formicidae, Western Ghats, India Introduction The range of Discothyrea lies predominantly within the tropics and warm temperate parts of the Southern Hemisphere (Brown 1958; Bolton 1995; Kubota & Terayama 1999). The only known species from India is Discothyrea stumperi from Meghalaya (de Andrade 1998). Baroni Urbani (1977), after examining specimens collected by myrmecologists after an expedition to South India and Sri Lanka, mentions no encounter of Discothyrea from these regions. Discothyrea are small rare ants mostly encountered in the litter where they are thought to be specialist predators on arthropod eggs. Due to its small size, inconspicuous nests, death-feigning habits and cryptobiotic tendencies, Discothyrea is relatively rarely col- lected and little is known of its habits (Brown 1958). The species described here is the first report of this genus from the Western Ghats.
    [Show full text]
  • IDENTIFICATION GUIDE to the ANT GENERA of BORNEO Yoshiaki HASHIMOTO
    Chapter 9 IDENTIFICATION GUIDE TO THE ANT GENERA OF BORNEO Yoshiaki HASHIMOTO Introduction Ants are one of the most abundant and diverse animal groups in tropical ecosystems (Stork, 1987, 1991), and they function at many levels in these ecosystems - as predators and prey, as detritivores, mutualists, and herbivores (Hölldobler and Wilson, 1990). Thus, ants have the potential to yield more meaningful biodiversity data than many other organisms, such as plants, birds, and butterflies. Moreover, since most species have stationary, perennial nests with fairly restricted foraging ranges, ants have a potential role as indicators of environmental change. Because of the potential usefulness, inventory of ants has been viewed as an important task in tropical biodiversity and conservation studies (Agosti et al., 2000). The most difficult part of ant inventory in tropical region is identification process. Inventory data are usually analyzed by relying on the presence or absence of species. However, identification of tropical ant specimens to species will be very difficult or impossible, because most groups of the ants have yet to be studied in detail. This difficulty makes the recognition of morphospecies a necessary part of inventory studies for ants (Agosti et al., 2000). The identifying ants to genus-level are not impossible, because excellent identification-key to ant genera of the all parts of the world is available in Bolton (1994). Thus, for sorting ant specimens into morphospecies, they should be identified to genus (i.e., “ Ant species 1 and species 2” to “Aenictus sp. 1 and Camponotus sp.1”). This makes it easy to handle and analyze the data.
    [Show full text]