Allegheny College Political Science 610 Senior Project

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Allegheny College Political Science 610 Senior Project ALLEGHENY COLLEGE POLITICAL SCIENCE 610 SENIOR PROJECT Sarah Bock Slum Tourism: A Viable Model for Reducing Inequality Department of Political Science April 12,2010 Page 1 of 86 Sarah Bock Slum Tourism: A Viable Model for Reducing Inequality Submitted to the Department of Political Science of Allegheny College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Arts. I hereby recognize and pledge to fulfill my responsibilities as defined in the Honor Code and to maintain the integrity of both myself and the College community as a whole. ____________________________________ Sarah Bock ____________________________________ HONOR CODE SIGNATURE Approved by: ____________________________ Michael Maniates ____________________________ Shannan Mattiace Page 2 of 86 Table of Contents Introduction 1 Chapter One- Modern Tourism- What is the Big Problem? 8 Economic Impacts on Developing Countries 9 Social and Cultural Impacts- Commoditization and the Gaze 19 Alternative Tourism- A Glimmer of Hope? 24 Chapter Two- Arguments Surrounding the Practice of Slum Tourism 27 Advocates 28 Critics 32 Slum Tourism- Can it bring about real change? 39 Chapter Three- Slum Tourism- An in Depth Look 41 Favelas in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil 42 Dharavi Slums in Mumbai, India 50 Slum Tourism in North America 57 Chapter Four- Where do we go from here? 60 Similarities and Differences 61 What are the options? 66 Conclusion 71 Page 3 of 86 List of Figures and Images Figure 1.1 Tourism 2020 Vision of Tourism Growth 11 Image 1.1 Favela Tour Photograph 42 Image 1.2 Dharavi Slum Tour Photograph 50 Page 4 of 86 Acknowledgements I would like to thank the following people, without them my work would not have been possible. To my friends and family and constantly answered the question, “Do you think Slum Tourism is ethical?” My best friend for proofreading my terrible grammar. Professor Maniates and Professor Mattiace for your guidance, criticism and patience. David Fennell, Rob Verger, and Larry Turner for your help and participation. Beauty Turner for her passion. and to the residents of slums all around the world: ―We are all in the gutter, but some of us are looking at the stars.‖- Oscar Wilde Page 5 of 86 Introduction Many people look forward to that special time when they are able to go on vacation. They think about removing themselves from the stress of their everyday lives, while discovering some new and exciting destination along the way. Some dream of relaxing on a tropical beach, getting a tan, and sipping a few margaritas: while others attempt to cram in as much sight-seeing as possible during their short holiday. Few people truly ponder what goes on behind the scenes for them to experience the perfect vacation. Tourism scholars have been unable to agree upon a single definition of the word tourism. According to Adrian Bull‘s definition, tourists are ―temporary visitors to a country staying at least twenty-four hours, for the purposes of leisure or business‖ (Bull, 1995, p.2). Mathieson and Wall define tourism as, ―the temporary movement of people to destinations outside their normal places of work and residence, the activities undertaken during their stay in their destinations, and the facilities created to cater to their needs‖ (―Parks and Recreation Homepage‖, 2009). Although these definitions are not universally agreed upon, they offer a foundation for discussion on the topic. When most people take a vacation they do so for two main reasons- education or leisure. Traveling is a great way to explore new places, learn about different cultures, and discover more about yourself. Being surrounded by diverse customs and traditions creates exposure to a way of life that differs from your own. One of the perceived goals of tourism is that once having visited a distant place tourists will take away something that they did not previously have. Tourism is able to create common understandings between cultures and further move us to a more globalized world. According to Victor Azarya, the growth in international tourism can be Page 6 of 86 directly linked to Globalization. He states, ―Tourism is both a cause and a consequence of globalization. It accelerates the convergent tendencies in the world. Not only do people meet and learn from each other, but goods and services also travel and are diffused throughout the globe to cater to the needs and demands of travelers‖ (Azarya, 2004, p.949). With growth and accessibility of technology on a universal scale, the world is more connected than ever. Using resources like the internet, someone in Fresno, California can plan a complete vacation to Cape Town, South Africa with the click of a button. In the past, traveling was limited to the elite class, who could afford a life filled with jet-setting around the world. Today travel rates seem to be lower than ever and traveling is easily accessible to people from all socio-economic backgrounds. When describing the growth in the international tourism industry Azarya writes, ―The 2002 figures supplied by the World Tourism Organization show that the growth of international tourism rebounded from the crisis caused by the September 11, 2001 attack and the general fear of international terrorism. By 2002, international tourist arrivals passed the 700 million mark‖ (Azarya, 2004, p.950). Family vacations to the Caribbean are no longer only reserved for the wealthy all over the world. For every definition of a tourist, there is somehow out there trying to prove they are the antithesis of the stereotype. Being a tourist has obtained such a negative connotation that ―new and improved‖ versions of tourism have been created. Alternative tourism provides hope that options are out there for people seeking something other than mass charter busses herding people from one location to another. The phrase alternative tourism serves as an umbrella term for many different other types of tourism. Adventure tours, Ecotourism, Cultural Tourism and Page 7 of 86 Reality Tourism all fit into the category of alternative tourism, in which a key goal is to provide a more sustainable tourism model for the future. In recent years the concept of Pro-poor Tourism has risen in popularity. Pro-poor tourism is defined as, ―tourism that results in increased net benefits for poor people. It is an approach to tourism development and management. It enhances the linkages between tourism businesses and poor people; so that tourism‘s contribution to poverty reduction is increased and poor people are able to participate more effectively in product development‖ (―Pro Poor Tourism‖, 2009). The goal of this type of tourism is to promote the economic growth of countries by introducing tourism as a model for success. Once introduced to the tourism industry impoverished countries will gain independence from other more developed countries. It is thought that if these opportunities are made available to those living in poverty, they will gain the skills necessary to remove themselves from their current living situations. This type of tourism can positively impact the lives of individuals in many different ways. Two of the most common approaches are economic benefits and livelihood (non- monetary) benefits. Some of the most important aspects that these types of tourism can contribute economically affect both the individual and the community. This type of tourism can increase local employment and wages for the individual residents. But, it can also increase opportunities for local businesses to grow and develop. These two concepts create revenue for the local community through the forms of taxes and other collective budgets. Ideally, individuals become empowered because they are the ones making active decisions that affect their life. Communities have the opportunity to benefit because tourism can open opportunities for access to important services. Health care, clean drinking water and transportation can all greatly be Page 8 of 86 improved if direct money is being allocated into a community. These programs also empower and create participation on a larger community scale. Information distribution and communication is improved and policy changes can be implemented. If a community grows economically and gains power, they have more leverage in making decisions that positively affect them. (―Pro Poor Tourism‖, 2009) Due to the focus it emphasizes on giving power to the powerless, Pro-poor tourism can positively affect the lives of those living in the most impoverished areas of the world if they are willing to develop their areas as a tourist destination. Local economic development is essential to the growth of these developing areas. As communities develop due to growth in the tourism sector they become empowered and make collective decisions that benefit the common good. In a case study conducted in South Africa, it has been found that: The area has subsequently charged local governments with promoting economic and social well-being and introducing development and job-creation endeavors in the areas under their jurisdiction. The result has been the emergence of a range of recently initiated projects, with some of the most common ventures being: public works programs; local procurement and small-business promotion strategies; support for both formal and informal business; and efforts to encourage tourism- based development (Binns & Nel, 2002, p.237). Pro-poor tourism can create opportunities for developing areas to gain the voice they have been lacking in the past. By creating these new opportunities and allowing the local communities to make decisions that directly affect them; they will be able to choose what they wish to see happen to their community. Under the category of Pro-poor tourism, the subject of Slum tourism is one of the most controversial topics in tourism studies. Slum tourism is when visitors take guided tours of impoverished areas or slums for a fee. There are two main viewpoints when discussing the slum Page 9 of 86 tourism industry.
Recommended publications
  • LEI 6895 Tourism Theories and Concepts
    University of Florida Department of Tourism, Hospitality and Event Management LEI 6895 Tourism Theories and Concepts Fall 2019 Instructor: Dr. Heather Gibson Chair: Dr. Steve Dodd: 352-294-1711 Office: 190C Florida Gym Office Phone: 294-1649 E-mail [email protected] Web Page for Syllabus and Readings is the UF Canvas platform. Office Hours: Wednesday 2-5pm; Friday 1.45-2.45 pm. Please try and e-mail me in advance to schedule a time to meet during these times. That way you will not have to wait while I am busy with other students. Class meets: Monday 3-6pm FLG 235 Optional Book: Apostolopoulos, Y. Leivadi, S. & Yiannakis, A. (2002). The Sociology of Tourism. New York, NY: Routledge. Course Description: Tourism is analyzed from a social science perspective with an emphasis on the sociology of tourism. Socio-cultural impacts of tourism, tourist roles, definitions of tourism, tourist motivations, and issues of inequality are addressed. Many of the papers including those in the Annals of Tourism Research and Tourism Management can also be downloaded from the Library West web site: Go into to library catalogue and type in either of the journal titles and you will be taken to a link for science direct and you can access PDF for each article. Course Content- Please read articles in the order listed below. Articles with **** are optional related reading. A sociological understanding of contemporary tourism – Setting the scene for the semester Background Readings for Monday August 26th (3 readings) Higgins-Desboilles, F. (2006). More than an “industry”: The forgotten power of tourism as a social force.
    [Show full text]
  • Touristic Disaster: Spectacle and Recovery in Post-Katrina New Orleans
    Geoforum 86 (2017) 127–135 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Geoforum journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/geoforum Touristic disaster: Spectacle and recovery in Post-Katrina New Orleans MARK Kevin Fox Gotham Tulane University, Newcomb Hall, Room 215, New Orleans, LA 70118, United States ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keyword: This paper develops the concept touristic disaster as a heuristic device to examine the conflictual and contra- Spectacle disaster recovery tourism tours dictory aspects of showcasing disaster-devastated neighborhoods as tourist attractions. Touristic disaster refers to the application of tourism modes of staging, visualization, and discourse to reenchant the money making deterrents (stigma) of “destruction” and “ruin” and re-signify disaster to indicate “recovery” and “rebirth.” This paper uses empirical examples from New Orleans to examine the transition from “disaster tourism” to “recovery tourism” in tourism framings of post-Katrina rebuilding. The concept of touristic disaster views disaster-deva- stated neighborhoods as sites and arenas of contestation in which opposing groups and interests battle to control representations of urban space. The paper illustrates the motivations, processes, and paradoxical impacts of the commodification and global representation of “disaster” and “recovery” and provides insights into the ways in which people can use spectacle to contest marginalization. 1. Introduction the burgeoning growth of trauma-related and misery-laden attractions and their interconnection with different political, social, and cultural This paper investigates the conflictual and contradictory aspects of institutions and processes. showcasing disaster-devastated neighborhoods as tourist attractions, For decades, New Orleans has been one of the world’s most popular using a case study of the post-Katrina rebuilding process in New tourist and convention destinations, drawing approximately nine mil- Orleans.
    [Show full text]
  • Climbers' Embodied Quests for 'Original Adventure'
    “You can never cross the same river twice”: Climbers’ embodied quests for ‘original adventure’ in southern Thailand. Abstract This article presents ethnographic research into individual narratives of adventure in a small, undeveloped bay called Ton Sai in Southern Thailand’s Krabi Province. Ton Sai is extremely popular with Western rock climbers, and increasingly with other adventure-seekers and back-packers questing for ‘authentic’ Thailand, yet is subject to almost no representation in the commercial sense. It is an example of a destination that is not on the corporate ‘radar’, yet, as will be seen, is famed, desired and produced by ‘niche’ tourists seeking very specifically-valued tropical adventures. The research aims to interrogate how such a destination becomes, and remains, valued as adventurous by climbers, and therefore shed some light on individual, subjective production of adventure in specific Developing World contexts. Drawing on original interview and other ethnographic data collected during winter 2012/13, the article argues that even when third-party commercial mediators are absent, the powers of quest for authenticity and adventure are powerful enough to turn the wheels of mediation themselves. In the ‘elite circles’ in which this group manoeuvres, notions of ideal adventure space run deep and are reproduced discursively and through embodied performances in an exoticised environment that is valued for its ‘primitive timelessness’. The implications of this for locals are explored. Key Words: Adventure; subjectivity; climbing tourism; distinction; the ‘primitive’. Introduction The cultural and commercial production of idealised places and their human inhabitants in tourism promotional literature is being well-explored. Visual representations of tourist destinations such as brochures, in-flight magazines, posters, websites, television programmes and postcards can reveal how places are viewed as objects of tourism (Jenkins, 1999 and 2003; Groves and Timothy, 2001; Edwards, 1996; Dann, 1996, Jaworski and Pritchard, 2005).
    [Show full text]
  • Rethinking Slum Tourism: Tourism in South Africa’S Rural Slumlands
    Bulletin of Geography. Socio–economic Series No. 26 (2014): 19–34 BULLETIN OF GEOGRAPHY. SOCIO–ECONOMIC SERIES DE journal homepages: http://www.bulletinofgeography.umk.pl/ http://wydawnictwoumk.pl/czasopisma/index.php/BGSS/index http://www.degruyter.com/view/j/bog ISSN 1732–4254 quarterly G Rethinking slum tourism: tourism in South Africa’s rural slumlands Christian M. RogersonCDFMR University of Johannesburg, Faculty of Management, School of Tourism and Hospitality, Johannesburg, South Africa; phone: +27 115 591 167; e-mail: [email protected] How to cite: Rogerson, C.M., 2014: Rethinking slum tourism: tourism in South Africa’s rural slumlands. In: Rogerson, C.M. and Szymańska, D. editors, Bulletin of Geography. Socio-economic Series, No. 26, Toruń: Nicolaus Copernicus University, pp. 19–34. DOI: http:// dx.doi.org/10.2478/bog-2014-0042 A bstract. Slum tourism is an expanding domain of research focused on organized Article details: tours to poorer areas of cities in the global South, such as South Africa’s urban Received: 28 May 2014 townships. The aim is to contribute towards a reframing of scholarship on slum Revised: 20 June 2014 tourism by directing attention to the phenomenon of tourism development oc- Accepted: 23 June 2014 curring in rural slums or poverty areas of South Africa, namely the former rural Bantustan or Homeland areas. These rural areas are presently the focus of govern- ment attention for tourism promotion as part of economic upgrading and em- ployment creation. The key findings are that the expanding tourism economy of these rural slumlands is dominated by domestic tourists rather than internation- al visitors with most tourists engaged in VFR travel including trips to rural sec- ond homes.
    [Show full text]
  • Tourism in the Maldives : Experiencing the Difference from the Maldives Bénédicte Auvray
    Tourism in the Maldives : experiencing the difference from the Maldives Bénédicte Auvray To cite this version: Bénédicte Auvray. Tourism in the Maldives : experiencing the difference from the Maldives. Tourism & Seductions of Difference, Sep 2010, Lisbonne, Portugal. halshs-00536400 HAL Id: halshs-00536400 https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00536400 Submitted on 16 Nov 2010 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Tourism in the Maldives: experiencing the difference from the Maldives Ms. Bénédicte AUVRAY PhD candidate Geography [email protected] University of Le Havre (Cirtai/UMR IDEES) +33 2 32 74 41 35 25, rue Philippe LEBON 76086 LE HAVRE Cedex France Abstract According to the official website of the Maldives Tourism Promotion Board, the country looks like a white and blue world for honeymooners, divers and budding Robinson Crusoe. Indeed it is the international representation of the Maldives. The reason for this touristic development is segregation: vacationers are allowed (and waited) to spend time in luxury resorts whereas Maldivian inhabitants are contained on local islands. In view of this phenomenon of social and spatial separation, the term “visit” is inappropriate. “Experience” would be more suitable: Maldivian island-hotel is a model of enclosure, repeated at different scales and concerning different people.
    [Show full text]
  • Dark Tourism Consumption in Mexico City: a New Perspective of The
    The current issue and full text archive of this journal is available on Emerald Insight at: www.emeraldinsight.com/2254-0644.htm JTA 26,2 Dark tourism consumption in Mexico City: a new perspective of the thanatological experience 152 Mark Speakman Universidad Autonoma de Guerrero – Campus Acapulco, Acapulco, Mexico Received 30 September 2018 Revised 17 June 2019 Accepted 29 July 2019 Abstract Purpose – The Euro-centric nature of dark tourism research is limiting the perspective and restricting the scope of contemporary theory. Hence, this paper aims to explore how dark tourism consumption differs in a society apart from the Anglo/Eurosphere. This is done by testing Stone and Sharpley’s (2008) thanatological framework in Mexico, a country whose residents are renown for having a unique perspective on death, to assess whether Mexican dark tourism consumers undergo a similar, or different, thanatological experience to that proposed in the framework. Design/methodology/approach – The study adopts a qualitative approach in the form of a case study. The opinions of Mexican dark tourism consumers were gained by using the technique of semi-structured interviewing in four separate dark tourism sites within Mexico City, with coding serving as the form of analysis. Findings – The findings show that due to the non-existence of an absent/present death paradox in Mexican society, the research participants experienced a thanatological process that contrasts with those from Western societies, which indicates that the thanatological framework is unsuitable in the context of Mexican dark tourism. At the same time, the study contests the common perception that Mexicans have a jovial familiarity with death, and demonstrates that in this case the thanatological process confirmed an acceptance of death, rather than any kind of intimacy.
    [Show full text]
  • Assessment of Slum Tourism As a Viable Tourism Product: the Case of Kibera in Nairobi, Kenya Peninah Wanjiku Chege (B.E.D; Home
    ASSESSMENT OF SLUM TOURISM AS A VIABLE TOURISM PRODUCT: THE CASE OF KIBERA IN NAIROBI, KENYA PENINAH WANJIKU CHEGE (B.E.D; HOMESCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY) REG. NO; H60/OL/10372/05 A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIEREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE IN THE SCHOOL OF HOSPITALITY AND TOURISM MANAGEMENT OF KENYATTA UNIVERSITY. JULY 2012 ii DECLARATION This research thesis is my original work and has not been presented for an examination in any University or other institutions of higher learning. Sign…………………………. Date………………….. PENINAH WANJIKU CHEGE - H60/OL/10372/05 This thesis has been submitted for review with our approval as University supervisor Sign…………………………. Date……………….… DR. ANDANJE MWISUKHA, P.H.D, DEPARTMENT OF EXERCISE, RECREATION AND SPORT SCIENCE, KENYATTA UNIVERSITY. Sign………………………… Date……………..… MR. MELPHON MAYAKA. DEPARTMENT OF TOURISM MANAGEMENT, KENYATTA UNIVERSITY iii DEDICATION This work is dedicated to my family for their encouragement and support they have given me all through and especially Dad, Mr. Joseph Chege and Mum, Virginiah Chege for their commitment to education. iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I thank God Almighty for his grace that has enabled me to finish this work. I also wish to thank my supervisors Dr. Andanje Mwisukha – Department of Exercise and Recreation, Kenyatta University and Mr. Mayaka – Department of Tourism Management, Kenyatta University for their constant guidance throughout my study period. I appreciate the support provided by Wild life Clubs of Kenya (WCK), the contribution of all the staff and especially Mr. Hillary Shitambasi. I am also grateful to the following people Ms. Maureen - Kenya Tourism Board (Research Department), Mr.
    [Show full text]
  • Download Download
    EuroEconomica Issue 3(39)/2020 ISSN: 1582-8859 The Safety of Township Tourists in Cape Town, South Africa: A Customer Orientation Approach Thandokazi Lulu Mbane1, Ikechukwu O. Ezeuduji2 Abstract: Townships have turned out to be places of leisure consumption. However, personal safety has been a major concern in South Africa. It is the aim of this paper, using a customer orientation approach, to explore township tourists’ perceptions in terms of their safety while visiting Cape Town (Gugulethu, Khayelitsha and Nyanga townships) in South Africa. This research used a quantitative method (questionnaire survey) to collected data from 171 respondents (tourists) in Cape Town Townships. Data were analysed using inferential statistics (correlation test and regression analysis), and Cronbach Alpha’s coefficients were used to test reliability of the multivariate data. This research found that in general, tourists are mostly satisfied and hold positive perception of Cape Town townships, although the study unearthed certain safety issues. Tourists’ knowledge of their contribution to the economic development of the study areas encourage them to revisit. This study recommends to Cape Town Tourism to inform tourists about safety issues in townships prior to visiting Cape Town townships. This will enable tourists to be more vigilant. It is also suggested by this study that tourists use tour guides who are familiar with these townships, during their visit. Keywords: Customer orientation; tourist satisfaction; perceived risks; tourist safety; township tourism JEL Classification: M31; O55; R11; Z32 1. Introduction Tourism is one of the leading and fastest growing economic industries in the world; as such, it is a crucial tool for stimulating economic growth (Mehmood et al., 2016).
    [Show full text]
  • “Sustainable Tourism- a Tool for Development”
    WORLD TOURISM DAY- 2017 “Sustainable Tourism- a Tool for Development” #TravelEnjoyRespect DEPARTMENT OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION -TEZPUR UNIVERSITY- UTTARAN- 2017 SPECIAL EDITION FOREWORD Dr. Papori Baruah, Professor and Head Department of Business Administration, Tezpur University I am greatly pleased that the students have come out with yet another edition of ‘Uttaran’ coinciding with the ‘World Tourism Day’. I congratulate the students and the faculty for this effort. The theme Sustainable Tourism is indeed very apt in present day context. We have seen several destinations in the world creating havoc to the environment and the artefacts by unplanned management of tourism activities. This has happened to the snow-capped mountains of the Himalayas to seaside destinations of Thailand. Hence, we must relook at our tourism strategies to conserve the pristine beauty of nature and preserve the heritage for future. We need to shift our focus from gaining mere economic benefit through exploitation of resources to sustainability. I am sure that the articles published in ‘Uttaran’ will at least try to usher some change in the mind-set of the readers. Best wishes. (Papori Baruah) Page 2 UTTARAN- 2017 SPECIAL EDITION CONTENTS 1) From the Editor’s Desk 4 2) UNWTO Official Message 5-6 3) Sustainable Tourism 7-8 4) Why Tourism should be Sustainable? 10-13 5) Involvement of Local Community for promotion of Eco- tourism. 14-19 6) Tourism and Ecosystem 20-21 7) Being a Traveller 23-24 8) Beholding the Dzukou Lily 26-28 9) Mysteries of North East 29-32 10) Peculiar forms of Tourism 33-35 11) Bicycle Tourism – Old Wine in New Bottle 36-37 12) Bhomoraguri Stone Inscription 39-41 13) Raasta..
    [Show full text]
  • Of Voyeuristic Safari Tours and Responsible Tourism With
    Vol. 144, No. 2 · Research article Of voyeuristic safari tours and responsible tourism with educational value: Observing DIE ERDE moral communication in slum and Journal of the Geographical Society township tourism in Cape Town and of Berlin Mumbai Julia Burgold1 and Manfred Rolfes1 1 Universität Potsdam, Institut für Geographie, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476 Potsdam, Germany, [email protected], [email protected] Manuscript submitted: 29 May 2012 / Accepted for publication: 08 July 2013 / Published online: 19 November 2013 Abstract Sightseeing in the poorest quarters of southern hemisphere cities has been observed occurring in Cape Town, Rio de Janeiro, Mumbai and many other cities. The increasing global interest in touring poor urban environments is accom- panied by a strong morally charged debate; so far, this debate has not been critically addressed. This article avoids asking if slum tourism is good or bad, but instead seeks a second-order observation, i.e. to investigate under what conditions the social praxis of slum tourism is considered as good or bad, by processing information on esteem or dis- esteem among tourists and tour providers. Special attention is given to any relation between morality and place, and the thesis posited is that the moral charging of slum tourism is dependent on the presence of specific preconceived notions of slums and poverty. This shall be clarified by means of references to two empirical case studies carried out in (1) Cape Town in 2007 and 2008 and (2) Mumbai in 2009. Zusammenfassung Geführte touristische Touren in die städtischen Armutsviertel lassen sich in vielen Metropolen des Globalen Südens beobachten, z.
    [Show full text]
  • Tints of Tourism 6 Managing Editor Akul Tripathi Mrs
    MORPARIA’S PAGE E-mail: [email protected] Contents AUGUST 2015 VOL.19/1 ○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ THEME: Morparia’s page 2 Alternative Tourism The tourist flood 5 V. Gangadhar Tints of tourism 6 Managing Editor Akul Tripathi Mrs. Sucharita R. Hegde Yours medically, India 8 S. Saraswathi Border tourism is here! 10 Editor Brig. Suresh Chandra Sharma (retd.) Anuradha Dhareshwar Touring a slum 12 Disha Shetty Assistant Editor The legacy of heritage tourism 14 E.Vijayalakshmi Rajan Usha Hariprasad 6 Tourists in search of the ‘self’ (not selfie) 17 Rena Pathak Design Travel for a cause 19 H. V. Shiv Shankar Dr. Julie Richards A taste of real India 21 Marketing Dr. Mir Sofique Mahesh Kanojia Know India Better Wellness Abodes 23 OIOP Clubs Co-ordinator Gustasp and Jeroo Irani Vaibhav Palkar Gently flows the Cauvery 33 E. Vijayalakshmi Rajan Subscription In-Charge A surfing paradise called Mahabs 39 Nagesh Bangera 23 Liz Thottan Features The triumph of Beno Zephine 42 Meera Krishnankutty Advisory Board A report card of the Modi government 45 Sucharita Hegde P.M. Kamath Justice S. Radhakrishnan A labour of love 47 Venkat R. Chary Vithal C. Nadkarni Cultural Kaleidoscope What does the mangalsutra signify? 49 Printed & Published by Shoma A. Chatterji Mrs. Sucharita R. Hegde for Chhau – behind the mask 50 One India One People Foundation, Dr. Kanak Rele Mahalaxmi Chambers, 4th floor, 22, Bhulabhai Desai Road, Column 52 Nature watch : Bittu Sahgal Mumbai - 400 026 42 In focus : C.V. Aravind Tel: 022-2353 4400 Beno Zephine Young India 54 Fax: 022-2351 7544 e-mail: [email protected] Great Indians 56 [email protected] Printed at: Graphtone (India) Pvt.
    [Show full text]
  • From Slum Tourism to Slum Tourists: Township Resident Mobilities in South Africa Christian M
    Nordic Journal of African Studies 24(3&4): 319–338 (2015) From Slum Tourism to Slum Tourists: Township Resident Mobilities in South Africa Christian M. ROGERSON and Tintswalo MTHOMBENI University of Johannesburg, South Africa ABSTRACT Slum tourism is a growing topic in international tourism scholarship. Mainstream scholarship in slum tourism is dominated by research which investigates urban slums as destinations for international travellers mainly from the global North. Minimal acknowledgement is given to the role of these areas as potential source regions for tourism. This article addresses a lacuna in slum tourism scholarship around the discretionary mobilities of residents of the slum destinations made popular by the ‘tastes’ of international tourism consumers. The objective in this article is to broaden international slum tourism debates by shifting the focus away from South Africa’s townships as destinations for tourism and instead to seek to excavate the role of these areas as tourist-generating areas. Findings are presented of an exploratory analysis of the forms of tourism or mobilities practiced by township residents in a small case study which was conducted in Katorus, Gauteng. It is argued the identified discretionary mobilities of Katorus residents provide insight into slum tourism locations which exhibit different practices of tourism to that of the culture of international tourists who undertake guided poverty tours of South African townships. Keywords: slum tourism, township tourism, discretionary mobilities, Katorus, South Africa. 1. INTRODUCTION Tourists have developed ‘a taste for slums’ (Dovey and King, 2012). In response, the phenomenon of so-termed ‘slum tourism’ is a burgeoning and controversial research arena in contemporary international tourism scholarship (Rolfes, 2010; Dovey and King, 2012; Dyson, 2012; Frenzel and Koens, 2012; Steinbrink et al.
    [Show full text]