'ra^e,.,'oq fJpurrurlerdIo sllnscrcq1 (aDnuuuo)pue aDJolV etq Surpnlcur) seues (tggt) s.uuqlue8 lo Jequnu c uror3 scrrads urplral otepouluoJJu ol paltelc st?,\\'lussu4 Deplolpq)lnd uo\ces 'asoql Jo euO pezluSotereJe,r t;xcl cueueiur1ur ,,irau.+o roqrunu o qarq,r utnlJrJyJo uorlErrJrsselc ,teu c pesodordpeq (Z/6t) lcssu1 ill6l ot rorrd uortJostJunsrp c sE suonrJrJrssclc(9861 T 8/61) s,^etpedur poldcttc surtao1o1y erl l lnq dnori l€crlrlreuu sc pezruSoce.l ueeq Buo\rqamluuuo) aql sepoll,{qdtuerrncop Jo snonuUuoJqtl,r ,rJrJy.+o sorJeds^\eJ ,{lo^rtulor oql elrpouurocco ol 'qluog ('qtueg) aDiDlVpuu'qtuefi aDnuuuo) 'seuas o,rl pazru8o...r(tggl) uuqlueg

r,l,n.'y.lo luJuIrJI ..urLUltlnvlr\ nr,'lJ,, l]ururuJq|lol Jql ur uolsnl]urro-} elqr]ln?^u.ru seucu eqt luqt os pezll€ur.toleq ot peeutuqt esoqt,{luo'Jleq pJpnlJur 'elnuru ?Jpscllsr.rolculrqo eseqt qlr,r s:rr:ds ylelog suoqcelbrdelrl uroq Jo selccsol pecnpereru qclq,nrJo'sfur,r olrsoddolueururo:d Surur.to1 puu sulels eql uo luclinocpJcqtre eir qrrqmsepo11f,qd {q PeTrrelJuJl]tlcorl lsourpuu uerlultsnv ulslselA ur cruropucJlll lcdrd s^rq]ul pepnlJursorJeds aqJ

uo!lJnpor}rI

'lcrlrdXtottol enJ'DlDuplddDy to o^tlsloJ '( esolce lpul'l Draldlp V uo pasrq) Ipuald H DUD!tt\ouapllltV puu'DllDliq yJo a^Dulelasolc u ''\tueguatdornol;l nnn)V nlnLuaDVol pctulersuees puu lcuqxe Xlqrssod sr selceds slrll : llent{ C i^llqnp^ V rol pepl^o.rdsr uorldulsop V urls^uhtrDlltuDrnt J\1^pull usrolr'\tr(lput1) DJaM{rDld 'rD^ 'qluoB DsolnpuDl;lttl.tu^'DtDlD lu^ '{lotlnlu 'sorler.nr^lnoj Sursr.rclurocsu po,rer^,rou sr ..,^ercedsotltpuu po.-sossr ,{lleuq s| .tfl dDIDIDV .lo^tt()uoxq eqJ urlsr:tyTuolnntotaldy puc urlsul{ '!urlsr?r\l 'urlslll 'ut!:olN nuDliJulwutnr y s-a$DJrxV'urlsul,\l si./a../?r,y tr t2litliq V Dlou2lddo V 'utlsrjr\I '( nqtuDrlat J\1^ DtDlt) V Uluog DlqDit r\1^ DdrD)oltoilDrpt y u{s) ur1su1,tfi'ruau 'dsqns 'soricdi-qns 'paqrrcsep puu DlnruaDdsqns o^\l i^csudutooqatq,r urlsl?l l DlntuaDV',{1euruu e)EDtlD)V lr\ uxul or-;rcodsullur,rouo,{\1 puu serccds,reuue,leg 'suorlcololdc}rl-uJoq'qnurur lo 'sflur,\\ salBosol pocnpareil] g.lq,r Jo elrsoddolueururrtrd fluruuol puu i^uals aql uo lueJlnJep teqlle err qcrqA\sepoll,{qd ,{q paT.uelJr,)r-tllDt)n)y1o selleds uur;u.r1slrVurots^orl,1 :'lrulapuc ue,role lo1 pepr,lord eJEsuortdu.soc (EfrOt)Ott-tqt :(Z)0l pti^l^nN (auepros^ourrll:olrsoururn8cl) rxr:1snourpo11{qdu pucsnourpuliloll^qd uurltrtsnv u.rolsc/A ouros lo ^utouox|J g 1 ,{uulycrsr;41oDaJy urlsulr'\trU g

lcErlsqv

zl]9 rrnrr)snvur.rsaa ouroJ fOt yoa od 'tu.ura8[uDt! pun.]pun uortD^josuoJ Jo tUiutund.0 \llnurqj.H uxrp.qsnvn.r.l:-./{

ullsul,ril d B

(aeaplosoull I :ausourun8a.I) ExEl snoulpoll,{qdu puB snoulpulroll,{qd .tI uBllEJlsny uralsaa\ eruosJo ,{ruouoxEJ ,tuella)sJtr{,lrwy

(!6bL) b1L t\ L :(Z)0t urst{nN NuytsiaVol.10, No.2 (1995)

cladistic analysesof Acacia by chappill and Maslin (1995) suggestthat both the pulchelloidea and Alatae are polyphyletic assemblages;decurrent phyllodes werc interpretedas a highly homoplastic pettigrew feature. This result is consistentwith the findings of and watson (1975) and indicaie that it is unlikely the Alatae or continuae will be recognizedas formal, higher-ordercategories in future classifications.

"phyllocladinous There are six speciesincluded below under the heading taxa". Although these speciesall have decurent phyllodes that lbrm prominent,opposite wings along the stemsihey are not all closely related to one another. Acacia bifaria sp. nov. and its close relative A. glaucopterq Benth. difrer significantly from the others,particularly in carpologicalfeatures; these two speciesare related to the A. merraLlii F . M'ell . groupwhose members do not have winged stemsand only rarely have decurrent phyllodes. Acacitl applanata sp. nov. is closely related to A. willdetlowiena H. wendl. and taxonomicallynot far tiom A. alqtaR.Br. The preciseaffinitie s of A. pterocdulon sp. nov. are not a)togetherclear.

Bentharn's( 1864)classification included three species where the phyllodes were reduced to scales; thesewere incfudedin seriesPungentes subseries AphylLae Benth, (A. spinescensBenth.) and series calamlfurmes subseriessubaphyllae Benth. (A. tetragonocarpaMeisn. and A. restiacea Benth,). Neither ofthese subserieshas been recognized in the recentclassifications of,4c acia and there areno indications that aphyllodinous taxa (of which there are about five now recognized) represent a monophyletic group.

"Aphyllodinous of the five speciesincluded below underthe heading taxa" only A. cummingiana sp nov. has all its phyllodes reducedto horizontally flattened scales (like those found in A. tetragonocarpd). It seemslikely that in thesetwo speciesat leastthe scalesare homologous to fused phyllodes and stipules(see note underA. cummingiana). wh)le A. aemula sp.nov. has for the most part normal phyllodes (which closely resemblethe branchlets)a few terminal ones are sometimes reducedto horizontally flattenedscales . rn A. carens sp,nov. and A. cerastessp. nov. the phyllodes are very rudimentary and are representedby minute, stipule-like or horn-like projections, Acacia volubilis F. Muell., which like A. aemula has distant, normal phyllodes which resemble the branchlets,is included within this group for comparativepurposes because the name had until now commonly been misapplied to some of the new speciesdescribed in this paper.

Methods

The taxa included in this paper are a'anged alphabeticallyunder two headings,phyllocladinous taxa and Aphyllodinous taxa. My approach to both typification and the application of rank are discussedelsewhere (Maslin and Cowan 1994a,Cowan and Maslin 1995).

Phyllocladinous taxa l. Acacia afata R. Br. in W.T.Aiton, Hortus Kew. ed. 2, 5: 464 (1g13)

(R. Mimosa alqta Br.) Poir. Encycl. Meth. (Bot.) suppl. 5: 530 (1817), nom.lnval. (combinationnot actually made); Prlllodoce arata (R. Br.) Link, Handbuch2: r32 (rg3r); Acacia qhta var.penuina 'slu€r.r?n. €seqlJo snpls eql uJ+uoc ol pep€eueJe serpnlsJeq nJ :(,reuo8urtrl Jo lsps porBIl€rus p ot polcrJlseJ)osorypuDlSq JE^ot perllEJeqlo eqt pue (,{11o8ur6rueu e^JesegEJoIC 8uruur11nl eql ol potartsol) ualdKlold Jp^ ot psrtl€ ouo 'pazruSoaoJ '^lluuorllppv oJBsluErJ€r\ I"rurolur o,rl ,{teuv,r ,,,reue sE pequcsep st (deqcuua pu€ setus^JeJ -€qqeauA) Dqtuouai rE^ puv patceJJnseJeJeq sr (Jequrn8ot{ re€u ol p€lculser) uslet{ ( lpur.I) ',{lluonbosuoC ua|dtiDld rEL o1Dlti rc^ s€ peurcuJeJlsq,r urqlr,r p€lepouuroccr?^lrsee eq louuec qued Io quou lsnl suolPur {puuuluoperd peJJnccoqcrq,r sepoll,(qdsnoncouur + 'Uos leqleJ 'eFJEl qlrA\sluuld lEqt tuop ^e ew?aeq]l DI2lo yJo lueule erl ,.€rlej]sny;o e:o1g,,oqt Suuedojdur'J€Ae,roH 'lclllsrp uolplereg oql ur Suruncco sercedseql Jo l.uroJe^.qrurlsrp eqt ot perldde ueeq 3uo1 seq 'qtuag oso1npuolStqJp etutu eq1 sercedseql urqtr^\ paztuSocerueeq ,4puerppuq serlerJulo,rl esnvcaq,{ldrurs peldope ueeqseq puu ?cuarua^uocro IuBJ u s€ pesnsr ,{1eucr1 uxel JsJr1lroJ IupJ etrutrdordduue sr srqlJr uruuecsuol uelpuepun eq uacserpnls JoqInJ lrlun uorlplrJrsstlcurrJolur ue se pa^\or^eq plnoqs srqt 'Je^e,roq:sanor.rc,t:no1sasrrdruoca1r:/" yeJeq psurlep sy oxot ctllcadsotlul

'e^.rJu lcJlueJsnor^qo uu puu urBruur roddn str SuoluselBuu Suueeq-pur13 lueururold erou ro euo Sur,ruqsepo11,(qd eqllo uorlrodeer"t eql .{q peqstn8utlstp,{lrpueJ lsour sr tr qcrq,r wo4 DuDu$ouapnlt^V ot peleloJsr DtDloDlJooV saltlu{{V

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l ^ u) pelta ' 'rct euou.snd,1J (9n8I ) 6 :9t8 I uer,11se8nequegeg X) qro1 rueesye 1to11o1o4o73 o1o1pyi

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'A 'y{g pue ) tE ed.{lo1ce1osrpue ed{1o1celt0t,r p?tunotusuerurceds SunrnrJ '.olcalost 'esuarlB]lsnv psP eluets .adlsoltalotod E't :trc, ['ou ua ugf SvJeeq pue .,g-Z0gl !I0gl JelL, peprt leeqs uo ueurrcedsSuue,rog puuq lq8u .reddn - lNg) utrolg J JequreJeq 'eIl€rtsnv ',{ueq1y'rnoqrug 'llrH uJelsal6 p,{oU ssecuud ,{lotp^Jesqo,, .rllflrJ(JDldDsowrn,,:(9661 '(WgI) ,uu€tuqe-I.J.C .usreN uB,{^oJpuE ulls€I aes) adgotcaT lD\ul rltou V I Ssrerd Id I ur

'urrsrl c9t t t ,{us e.st1,l,rrrry I d g 154 NuytsiaVol.10, No. 2 (1995)

Key to vlrieties of A, alat r

l. Free portion of phyllodes with 2 or 3 gland-bearingangles, sha4rly pungent; heads4-7-flowered ...... lb. var. bigland.ulosa la. Free portion of phyllodes with I gland-bearingangle (rarely 2 or 3 rn var. tetfanth4)...... ,...... ,...2 2. Heads4-flowered; free portion of phyllodes 10-70 mm long, innocuous or scarcelypungent...... ,...... ,,ld. yar.tetrantha 2a.Heads more than 4-flowered ...... 3 3. Free portion phyllodes of 5-20 mm long, sharply pungent . Ia. yar. q.h,a 3a. Free portion of phyllodes l0-70 mm long, acuminateto caudate- acuminate,innocuous or slightlypungent ...... , tc. yar.plcttypterq

la. Acacia alata R. Br. var. alata

Illustrations.H,L. Wendland,Comm. Acac. Aphylt. t. 1 (1g20);A. Colla, Hortus Ripul. t. 17 (1824); H.G.L. Reichenbach,Mag. Aesth. Bot. [Mag. Gart._Bot.]2: pl. 88, fig. i lteZS;; R. Erickson et al.' Fl. Pl. w. Austraria 2nd edn, 50 (1979); M. simmons, Acac. Australia r: 19 (1981),left hand illustration.

shrubs o.5-1.5 phy\odes m tall. stipures spinoseor sub-spinose. on non-flowering region of stems2-10 mm portion wide; free of phyltodes5-20mm long, apex spinose. peduncles gla.ious or hairy1,heads 6- l0-flowered, creamy white to lemon yellow, occasionallygolden.

selectedspecimens examined.WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Mountclarence, AIbany,A.M. Ashby 4325 (PERTH); c. 6 miles [c. l0 km] W of Three Springs,2T i'ne 1974, C. Chapman (MEL, P-ERTH 00723061); 6 miles [c. l0 km] W ofSullivan Rock, along track from picnic areaon Allany Highway, R.J. cumming 97 | (PERTH, TLF); 26 miles [41.8 km] E of Irwin Inret, nearDenmark, il r"uruory 1913, S.W Jackson (CANB, K, MEL, PERTH 00723622,TLF); Dingo Beach Track, West Cape Howe,25 km w of Arb'anv,G.J.Keighery 8755 (pERTH);cap eLeeuwii, F. LurnrzL2052 (pERTFi); c. 6 miles [c. l0 kml s of Mount wiriaml B.R.Masrin432 (MEL, PERTH); 1.6km due s of iarga'ui, B.R. Maslin 2851 (MEL, PERTH); 2 krn N of Mundijong township on SoldiersRoad, n.n.-Uasl)n 6157 (CANB, PERTH); yallingup, paust NE of S. 205 (pERTHi; Canning River, L. preiss 997 (LUND, MO, W); Cookernup,R.D. Royce3842 (pERTH); Helena Valley,,/. Seabrook41 (CANB, PERTH);near Hamelin Bay, 13August 1975,R.Tinenis.n. (pERTH 00g67470);between Cowaramup and Margaret River, D."/.8 Whibley 5064 (AD, PERTH). CIILTIVATED: Kew Gardens, l80ti, lW. McNabl (DBN, photo PERTH), seeMaslin and Cowan 1995.

Distribution. southwest western Australia occuning mainly in the Darling Botanical District with an outlier in the Irwin BotanicalDistdct (l:250,000maps H50-6,14; 150_2,5,6,9,10,11,15). This variety has perth a discontinuousdistibution, occurringfrom southto colrie, from CapeNaturariste (c 30 km west-northwestof Busserton)southeast to Manjimup, and from Denmark east to Arbany, with an outlier at Three Sp ngs (c. 200 km north of perth).

Habitqt. Grows in a variety of habitatsbut often along creeks with laterite or loam in forest and woodland in the Darling Range, and in sand over granite in coastalheath and low woodland near Albany. pepreSoreq upJqJlq,r uocs^e^crl I uerurcad.-,{1uoeq1 ,, sueurceds:cqtopue s.plolJplo1s8uoLuy,, .uoiJDrlltdlJ pelE.ol leueletrt uo ,{}.rrp^ sll]] Jo uoDdursepJe q sr q posuq( t Zt :t gg t ) utcrltuel

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qlcaqur {llcnsn ',{u1c aurlusseutDetuos ur oslllpuu sllnl Jrrolspuuspull Jr}uJluluo puts put?un:rol ur s^\oJD J4?qlrg

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'(HJdEd) 'prx)d g:79ga:,foy (/ )/ u,relJnl^Iuo 'uotf .l.lournlnpurs :(HJU'-td)062 tuo-l / lur?D.lo A lurl 8t l s.lIlu 0t :(HJU.Cd)1 11y tatldop 11'g 'uorl.unl ,lgl\l) puo.rltur.rn[J lo i] ls-nffroJ ,{peiuvl\l-Xu,nr:11u16uo lcrqJrl l lunow :(HJd.rtd 'uo1ciurruq1.ro51 'HIUgd tll98 r1.rr7l.{y "{u,lrqirg lu}suoJtselN q1ro5 lo S lLLr)t9ll salrul0l :(Sn 'AN '.rr\s^N''Mht ') 'SNVJ) .p|or uDtt\t)) V U q1!^\ gigv UDA\o) S IJ uoldunrqlroN-,{.()BeJD ,,^[SN) .11 trod rl1r,rpr?or siur.rdg uuuel 1o uorlJlrnllo N ttrl t Z I :(H.I,)lild 1ry11gknto3 t,ruqrN ,) ,ftNvl) or puoroql u0 uotplr?.roDto gNN lurl 9z rl s?lrur9t J :(HJugd v08t Kqqtv w v 'Pl?o.f uosurrN-LJJllqllld\oHuo uoi-ullN.ltlou :VI-lVtlJ,SnV NUS,LSAAy piltlLlDxa Sua1.ul)ads pal)4aS

'luld i-pnql.llLl,r ol Luu:tii'pc.lo^\oLl-L-t r2l2r4 :i-r'rollclnsirrl[,11l;t'rsn sa1:turt1t,t,1 osourcl"^ iurur0ooq sott loLtlos,ctr:]rclrts Illloqs ,{llDLulou't .lltrlLtl .toZtpunlD rs^ourdi-xcdl'iuol Luru0Z-g ot \2pt)llllll .!t)uotl.totl tatl g l-g.0 r(irl.i{S

uorluJli^nllrpur:q tqirr'(lg6l) gl 1d'6,1:1 ur|r.r1sny.lriv.suouruus hI uol!tu$nl

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pcro8uepuero J.nl peteprsuo.tou ,pueJdsepr,1\.snfDts uotlDtvasLto)

'(uolssn.srp L lol A\oleqaDuDlddD V ees) qued rr.u e8uuX SurFrq eql ur :-..EId MeIr, ut DlDuDl(ltlD.y qtr,{\ezrp0q,{q ot srneddv .rp|q(H t L .pr/1 ururg-9 puu 3uo1sn e I '^uDqlV , L puno.ttlurorl s1uu1d uo lnrco spodlsellrurS .snorc1n1;-,{lput.roucrp ,{erll quou ]equU,esoird {lpoqs o1 snollr]nsJtr{eru ,{uuqJv o} c}srlDlnluNaduJ uto.t1sueurreds uo sepunped uouDltDA

',{lunuEfpur requ3loN ur pelcsllooseeq e^DLI spees elntrut qlrA\spod .loqolcO puu eun[ uea,$leqSut.l-tn.ro qsng 'roquacec urEuleql qtr^\ ot,{u1,1ruo:; peprocelueoq e^eq sJe,{\olg.spouad Bulynrfpuo Bwauo6

'urtsrt g {urll"rsrt^,J,rr?rry U I (9( NuytsiaVol.10, No.2 (1995)

asoriginal materialis the syntypecited above. This sheetisannotated (? by Bentham) as',Acaciaakua var." and was determinedas holotype by A.B. Court on 24 November 1966. Judging from the type citation it is probable that fufther odginal material of var. bigland.uLosawill come to tight in time.

Vqriation. Peduncles are glabrous on specimensfrom near port Gregory (including the type), elsewherethey are hirsutellous.

A populationfrom about 15 km eastof Mingenew is reated hereas a variantof var. bigland.ulosa, however,future studiesmay possiblysho\ry that it waffantsformal status;thissite is c. 70 km southeast of the most southerly known population of var. biglandulosa. These plants differ most obviously from var. biglandulosa in having a preponderanceof phyllodes with only a single gland (although occasionally some have two glands) and light golden h€ads. Although the phyllodes have spinose tips and stipitateglands like var. biglandulosa the phyllodeshape and size is sometimesvery similar yar. to platyptera which occurs much further south. Specimensexamined: B.R, Mastin 6237 & 6237A and A. Carr 40 (all PERTH).

Conservationstatus. Typical var. biglandulosa is not known to be under threat.

lc. Acacia alata var. platyptera (Lindl.) Meisn.in J.G.C.Lehmann, pl. preiss.l:4 (1844)

,A A. platypteraLindl., Edwards' Bot. Reg.27; misc.3 (1841). Tlpe citation: greenhouseshrub fiom the SwanRiver, recentlyraised in the Exeternursery, by Messrs.Lucombe pince, and Co.,'(holo: "A. CGE, sheetannotated pLatyptera"by Lindley but without collection details).

Illustration. w.J. Hooker, Bot. Mag. 68: t. 3933 (1842), but not a good representationofthe species in that the fiee portion of the phyllodes is shorter than normal.

shrubs0.5-l mtall andfbrming dense clumps I-2 m across.sflpzles innocuous. phy odes7-20 mm wide or occasionally40 mm towards baseof stems,narrower on inflorescence-bearingregion; lrcc portion of phyllodesacuminate to caudate-acuminate,1-7 cm long, longestat baseof stems, straight to shallowly recurved,apical points innocuousor slightly spinoseand frequently recurved. (ilands l PeduncLeshirsutellous; heads l2-I5-flowered, golden;flower b,ds obtuse. pods l0 mm wt0e.

other specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: north of Mogumber [precise localities withheld for conservation reasonsl C Chapman 6 (PERTH), C. Chapman.r.n., 1972 (pERTH 00723517),C. Chapmans.n., 2O July t91t (PERTH 00723509),R.J. Cumming 1548 (pERTH) and B.R. Maslin 6557 (BRI, CANB, K, MEL, MO, NSW, Ny, PERTH).

Distribution. southwest western Australia in the northern area of the Darling Botanical District (l:250,000 maps H50-10,14). Seeminglyoccurs in a very restrictedarea just north of Mogumber (c. 100 km north of Perth). The one collection recordedfrom outsidethis range (c. chapmLn s.n., 23 August 1971(PERTH 006,17806)is possiblyenoneously labelled.

Flowering andfruiting periods. Few collectionsto hand;however, flowers havebeen recorded from June to August and although mature seedhas been collected the specimenwas not dated. '(HIUAd) 'rnense-I 'HIUgd) IggVtAIl )1rads l/N tunor{ :(,1 1.1lnq SNVJ osle 'tAW ')) t896ua nd y',{ltno IleqseHcoC:(HJUgd Zr99 puE(HIUAd'1gtN) tLgguusDw'U g 'puor '.Ighl ') 'SNVJ) ueuee'I-uelrnl eqt uo Sursso.rc.{11n9yleqse11co3 :(HJdAd 01.99 puE ')) '(HJUAd 'SNVJ 'IdS) ',{Dg (HJdAd VI ZgZ tZgZ ultsDw y B ueunf .}o A enp [ur{ 9 t] selru 'SurssoJc 0l r .rs^ru IIrH :(HJdAd) L6Z sau.et W V'l'll-d 1euor1c51deqcuvl :(HJUAd) /060L1 InuDuH t X tqqEoug Jo ASS rDI 6 :VI'lVdJSnV NdgJSg,^[ pautaDxa suatunads palcapg

'rprm 'tqirurtr urur 11 1 tsoLulcor pa^rnc,rpoJ etncu-qnsol elno! spnqre,rou:etrq,r 'peJe,t1.og-VspDall esolld,{Dloqsol snollelns.Irl 'lu?ururoJd ro snoJqulSsapunpad snoncouursalndtlg 6 ro 7,41elu.r'1Xlpur.rou ,{re,luego e13uu -puEI8:el€urcun ,413uor1s otr pe,unce: ro lqBre4spue esourds,{lecrt;cs ol snoncouursecrdll 'pellncel '3uo1 'ateuru|nc€ 'apr,{ o1 lq?rv4s ruc 1-1 sopol1,{qd1o uoqrod ee.g :uru gl ^lluuotsEcco rutu -g g 1 stuelsqo uor8arSurre,nog-uou uo sapoyKq4ssotcuw g 1o1Sutprelds'11u1tu9 0-t 0 sgrlrys 'GLtnzLoo 'f 'gL6l HtrdAd :o/o?r')lB Suluan1 A ArINZZ'ppor setuu^reJ-ueunluo SurssorJro^rd llrq:snd(J

'clcl tuur I l-l ulJJr JrJl pL'anbsn r)lnnrlr-' outwnSsT 'srlnccqns 'uqlt pu enbsn sqncu sulsuqul[ vJe:rruJ:ptDlntldttC rsolrd pc enbsn rlletns.rrq1e,r uqv13 'al'ncouut IlnJunpad aDlndus t lol Z o:eJpas snlJt?lr los l? lllcur.touts sueururordrod edeus .ra1r 1npuv 13 snln8uD:ul?urcun eplu^ pa enbsntl€^tnaa.l le^ uleel le usourd"-xr^ pc onbsnrncouur rolllecrdu 'r4u vlu,unca:pe enbsnulcar uteu r runcu 1?8uol urc /- I ulorosrp euud run.ro rpo 11,{qd 1uru SI unpJetur poi- ulul urur0l-t snqrlueJoF-uoustw.Pl ut Dlpoll(qd seluapuelxoul S IlsnF ut g0-EO r^nltru,ll

^ou J€^ 'uriscN EqluuJlal ru^ clBlB BIf,DJv'pI

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'spueq pere,roll-gl-71 'ueplo8 st Aq Dqluorral ru,r uor; peqstn8uqsrp,{1rpee: sr DJaJdKlpldtE^:culrdu,{s 1oua:u ,{eq11nq qlJed.}o qtjou suol8sr ut rncco serle u^ qlog .slutod '3uol lue8und,(lecrecs ro snonoouur olut lno u,te.lpsepo11,{qd eqt lo uoruod ee:goq} qtr,r sapelcoll^qd .satltutlly puorq 8ur^rq ur aqtuD4at JE,.Jo sutJoleluos ol JEIlurs Jeqlul sr .{leue^ srql ,(la,lrlule8en

'an3o1o1o.rd eql ur ue,rr8uoqdr:csep aql qlr,a pJocc€1nq eluradnudep reqluJ eJE teeqs srql uo sueulrcedso,r,r1eq1 ue^r8 sln4ep uortcelloc ou eJ€e]eqt lnq [,e1pw1Aq ,,on1dt\nld y,, pel€louuDsl ]I 'DJaJdKJDld .uo4oct[tdl1 V lo ed,,(1o1oqsu peunutelepueoq spq qcrq,r ADJ qJoqlD teeqsE sr ercq1

'uns!trr,tr LSI gI ,{rrEllersry{,rrrry d g 158 Nuytsiavol. 10,No.2 (1995)

Distribution. SouthwestWestem Australia in the Darling Botanical District and southernarea of the hwin Botanical District (1:250,000maps H50-5,9,14). Disjunct, occuring from Eneabba(c. l30km north of Lancelin) southto Cervantes(c. 60 km northwestof Lancelin), also at yanchep (c. 130 km south of Cervantes).

Habitat. Usually grows near watercouneson sand and sandyclay in eucalypt low open forest and woodland, also in Mallee and Paperbark(Melaleuca sp.) communities

Flowering and fruiting pe ods. Flo\Ners from April to July; in the other varieties flowering commencesin June. Pods with mature seedshave been collected in November.

Affinities. The 4-flowered headsdistinguish var. tetrqntha ftomthe othervarieties ofA. ol4ta exceDt var. biglandulosa which is readily recognizedby the free portion of its phyllodes being shorter and possessingrigid, spinosetips. The flower budson the new variety areacute to sub-acute(at leastwhen seen dry) whereas in the other varieties they are obtuse or obtuse-apiculate. Vegetatively var. tetrqntho rt is similar to yar, pLatyptera.

Variation. There appearsto be clinal variation in the morphology of the free portion of phyllodes. Around Yanchep(the southernend of the geographicrange) the ftee portion ofthe phyllodesare long, narrow, clearly recurved and have distinctly uncinateapices; around Eneabba(the northern end of the geographicrange) they are shorter,broader and commonly straight. Most collections are from the Hill River district in the middle of the geographic range; the phyllodes here appear to be intermediate in fbrm.

Conservations/dtzr. Not known to be under threat.

Etlmology. From the Greek/etra - four, and,onthos - flower, an allusionto the consistently4-flowered heads.

2. Acacia applanata Maslin, sp. nov.

suffrutices graminilbrmes l0-40 cm alti erecti vel aliquandodecumbentes e basi pauc! vel multi- ramosi, ramis infirmis et plus minusve prostratis,aliquando per sarmentisextendentes. phyllodia pauca cum ramulis continua,bitarie decurrentiaalas oppositasformantes, utaque ala ad alam infra extendente,alis plerumque0.5-3 mrn latis, glabris vel pubescentibusvel hirsutis vel scabriduliset atro-viridibus; phyllodiorum pars discreta plerumque 1.5-5 mm longa, inflorescentiassubtendtes vulgo dentiformia, acuta, nervo ad marginemadaxialem apposito. Glans nulla. stipulae minutae. Racemi 0.5-10 mm longi l-4 capitulis, axibus gracilibus, capitula globularia aurea l0-20-floribus, alabastrisobtusis usque ad subacutis. Flores pentameri,calyce gamosepalo. Legumina stipitata usque3 cm longa et 7-8 mm lata, tenuitercrustacea, arcuata, plana, villosa, seminibustransversalibus oblongis usque ad ellipticis, 3-4 mm longis, arillatis.

Typus:E side of Luyer Avenue, 75 m from junction with Station Street,East Cannington,Western Australia, 9 September1992, R.S. & M.N.S. Cowan RSC .4877 (holo: pER'IH 02433699;iso: AD. CANB, K, G, MEL, MO, NSW, NY, PERTH 02568969).

A. dipteraLrndl.,Edwards' Bot. Reg. SketchVeg. Swan R. xy (1839),pro parte. not as to lectotype, as to vasse River, M's. MoLloy paralectotypesat cGE and K (seediscussion under A. willdenowiana below). sV ,{uEqlvot qlnos(urlecu€.l lo tse,rqlrouurl 0g r)ueunlr€ouuror;crpr:odg.(g1,1I,9.9,209I ,ur.{\rl :tI'0t'6-0SH sd€ur 000'0SZ:l) slrutsr(l l€rruEtog erxg pue uo^V luecefpu osle 1nq 'tclrlsrO .uounqLtlsle pcruptog SurTJpCeql ur ,{lpdrculrd 3ur.r:nccoutp4sny urotsed\ lsa,rqlnos

'(HJUgd) BtB uostl/A 7 J 'paor 'p€oJ eurluedreguo g lrul 9l] eflut t qErnpuulI uo allu€tuergJo S Ilu)I 9.gg] selrurtZ 'SNVJ) '^ell€A .V :(HJUgd Z9 loorqqas T €ueteH io./t\o-Jt(t6lEZL00 HJ,UAd) l/,r uostlrow '606 'uot8uruueC ,006I t ^lnf 6Z :(98I tzr00 HJUIId) u s uoslt.toW y flnl 0 | rele,rs,(Bg :(HIUgd ',,16SN'g) 'urI"iuE-I .Irr4 t999 rllrDry A g ol puor uo ecu€r1ugl.red Jo N ru{ t.0 luuoqelqdeqcuul 'A\SN) 'peog ,,^&SN :(HJdgd 6999 urspw y g u.r:e8ur8peguo uu8urepueqJo N urI 0Z :(HJUEd "Mhl') 'SNVJ) '(BrcIoN,reN lg99 ullsDn U B puu uoopurg ua€,rtoq)puoX q1ro11.;ouoqcesrelur 'D 'SNVJ) .A.B .IroI Itr ^8,{^q3lHuroquoN tuerD :(HJdAd t8t9 \ SDW Jo lds anp ru)J 9Z 'pDodrol,rurJJo 'ppou Sur) I 0 ]ue>I:(HJU!Id,1y\SN,.jAI I,IUg)gg99uliff t/ U g lseg{ooJqsllng ,uollossnq .puou Jo gNg enp uI s € , :(HJd!Id) Z I gZ ullstil/\l 11g pue frnqung uee.{\leq uoqEnd ,1961 ,relrug uo ,{u,tqBIIlllossng lo lA ru19 0 :(I0t| 1.00HJUgd) u s aqworsnT;r Jequeldeg0€ 'dnlrueeoo.,1d'i^puor .uup..+ tunol I Jo gNA ru{ 0€ J 1oodqsel6puu tq8ruy ;o reuroc ,!llrH EruepEl?Jj, 'llrq 'e)ooJ :(HJUAd) 9tr91 a1tug N rolrEg tunol^l :(HJdgd) Z9E8\ ltoJ D W lunot^l Jo ,uo]SuruucC ,asolJ looJ urerilnos'e8uuu3urlffC :(HJdAd) gggy uD oC S.U lsug uuurlceg puu .suBrllld leerls uouBts uee,rtoq onus^v Je,{n.I:06/9 ggly 15 SutuuDS l{ a splr,rol 0rlloJ ruo.r+ 'puoX.{ug .W [tDI g t9] selru [ 8[ :(HJdAd ILgt ttutrDt| g14 uerrnf:(HJdgd) EIII uauua{ E .J{o-u:n1 ,^u€qlv 1u1q4nurg lxor puog 3ury1ra,trol 8uolc lur{ sfll sollrrl6 :(HJdad) I91 ptolly p 7'ur?wg rceuloorg Surrruuuuoog:VI,IVUJS1V NUSISEI6 parrxrrra suawnatlspapaps

'pees,roleq peploJ-ecuoluu :snonurluocruulSotneld :u.roJq )lup,8uol 'cqdr11e 'spod .peuelJrql ,sno11r,r,spees tutu tr-g o18uolqo ur asle,\suuJlspees sur8ruur le^o pasrEJ 'pa^Jnc'snoecElsnrc 'opr^\ ,€lqtdqs lcu ^lurql ruru g-L'3uol ruc € ol Jpod pe^leu-l ,{lerncsqo .{re.rro sseye,ueu"'1o1a4 'np3uultl seqol 'pepr^rp ^Droqs,ulloroc.to gfiua1 g17-g1,,snoludesotuu8 r,{lpJ snoreur-g sra ol! aftaE-qns ol esnlqo '^pnqtauo{:peJe,r oJ+-02-01,ueplo8 ,ralnqo1i 'repuels '3uo1 ,peuut,rl spoag snotgul? ulul ZI-S .lrud lutslp orll ^lalu.l Jo fuulrlos salcunpad 'ouDlqouapllt ,elatel u y ur se pe8uu'r ,{l,norruuryral u ,(1alur pul?Jopuols .f a17 aw nDJ :spt:ja\t I q:||rr. Suol ruru 0l -9 0 sawaJDll tuesqapuDlD :uewwoJd lou uetlo puu ur8ruurreddn JEeue,\Jou uleur 'etnts 'seJuecsejol+ul .surels 3utpuelqnse:eq,n elrl-qtoot ,{luorutuoc Io espqta tu(u 0l ol soulqeuros '8uol ,luecseqnd ruru g-S l sapo1tll(l ,fo uotuod aatt 1uoal8{JEp puu snolnprJqucsro elnsJrq 'snoJqeJS'uur 'epr,r ,,$oloq r-S se(uleluos uru g-g g ,{lpnsn s8ur/heqt lxeu eql ot Burpuatxe euo qcus qlr,r sflur^\ alrsoddo 8u[uro; pu€ luoJJn3ep,{1snor;r4rq ,snonuquoc ,/(a! sapon[qd 'elnulluJ salndrjs sJeuunluEauBlJelqns fq SurpEg]dsseultlotlros ,esDq eql uIott pauruels-nlnutlo -,^a] 'suels I el€rlsoJd+ '1ue,trqtr,tr Surl,terds seuqeuros Jo ,ll€l l.ala ruc 0t-01 s./r?r?y'J'-qrse)rl-ssurD I I

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'((J-l) '6tgl u s s'slaq 7 lr8el ,{1n1g7'ur|r.I1sny ura1se16 'epur curq lJa^rd uB^\S] urn:ou3,{3 uJntAnUpE eE,\ltssrsorqunqns stsoualBuJ :Z ad{plJalorDd '(IN 'C'i 'g) .7 .lr8e1,gyg ,prlerlsnv (onSololojdur ,,t6€,, ruluqds)V66 syud 1 raqolco yl urelsel\ 'UuBqlV 'llrH rcou 3un,(11116e tl .,dnueftnld,,srluotu eplu€prcoo snlel pe suedsuuI.. I atl{loltaptod 'UIS 'd'O-I "I 'JEOC 'C 'Id') 'CgH '.(1,y1) .7 :olcapst (an3olo1ordur,,969,, rul€qds) e66 sstaq 'll8el '6€81 'hooJg ,a8uurs8urJJpc ]sn8nv t geuuusns e rl alapqJJEtEoe lncord pneq runrluour u nrn8nfpu srsoe:e18uI 'ue.roJ .(grgl) .uro51,.qu,(e11 :(t66I puu urlset\apr\ ad$otraT Z:Z ttoH 1og u ( usrelN)JousnBuD Je^ llwDqjuaq 'V:(rtg g :I .ssrerd.ld,.rxqel ur .usretr^tr .V l ) lor $fiBuD.JE^oDt(llp e

'ur 'd 691 t I ,{uuiJa.srl\l,rrrry l$rt\I g NuytsiaVol. 10,No. 2 (1995) with A, willdenowiqn4 many of the habitatsof A, applanata aroundthe Pe h metropolitanarea have probably been destroyedthrough urban development.

HabitaL Grows mostly in sand,loam and lateritic soils, often in winter wet depressions,usually in open woodland, woodland and forest or occasionallyin shrubland.

Flowering andfruiting periods. Flowers havebeen recotded from Juneto October,however the main ilush occurs in August and September. A single collection with mature fruit was collected in November.

Typification. A type was not cited by Fitzgerald( 1904)when he describedA. dipterq var. eriocarpa and I have seenno original material of this entity. While it is probablethat this name is referableto A. applanata it is curious that Fitzgerald describedthe floweff as 4-merous.

Variation. Plantsfrom the Bindoon (c. 20 km eastof of Gingin) to Jurienarea are multi-stemmedat the base whereas elsewhere they are usually single-stemmedor few-branched at ground level. Compared with populationsoccurring further south thesenorthern plants also tend to have a greater proportion ofphyllodes exceeding3 mm wide (they reach5-7 rm) and with free portionsgreater than 5 mm long (sometimesrcaching l0 mm at baseof stems).

Afiinities. Until now this specieswas includedunder A. wiLldenowianawith which it is closely related and sometimes sympatric or parapatric (see A. wiLLdenowlarafor discussion). Vegetatively resemblingthe very rareA. anomalq C.A. Gardnerex Court but readily distinguishedby its globular headsand its short, broad, curved pods with transverseseeds; the two speciesare sympatric near Bullsbrook East. Acacia anomala is fully describedand illustrated in Court (1978).

Hybrids. Iu'dgtngfrom herbariummaterial it appearsthat this specieshybridizes with A. dr4t4 R. Br. yar. alata intheDar ling Rangenear Perth. Two suchrecords exist, i.e. R."/.Cumming 1090 (PERTH) and R. & M. Hamilton 125 (PERTH). Label detailsfor Cumming l09O show thntboth A. qlata and "A. wilklenowiana" (I presumethat this was a misidentificationfor A. applanata) were common in the areabut only two plants of the putative hybrid were seen.

ConservationJtal&J. Widespread, not consideredrare or endangered.

Common name. Grass Wattle.

Etlmology. From Latin applanatus, flattened or horizontally spreading,refening to the winged stems.

3. Acacia bifaria Maslin, sp. nov.

Frutices prostratr vel semiprostratiad 0.5 m alti et 2 m expansi,ramulis leviter ad manifeste flexuosis glabris. Phyllodia cum ramulis continua,bifarie decurrcntiaet alas oppositasformantes, utraqueala ad alam infra extendente,alis 1-3.5longis et 4- 10 rnm latis, coriaceisglabris praeter axillas denseet minute pilosas resinosas,viridibus usquead subglaucis,ad marginem interdum undulatis; phyllodiorum pars discreta5-15 mm longa, marginemadaxialem manifeste rotundatum, excentdce mucronatum,nervo principali plus ninusve obscuro vel ut videtur destituto. Gldns non prominens. Stipuloe persistentes. Racemi valde reducti monocephali0.5-1.5 mm longi, pedunculis 2-12 mm '(dnAunru€JJof 'r) Jo tse€ur{ 0€ ro^rd plura84rc eqt ot lse^\q1nos-tse,redroqtsue^Bd ruo]J slnJco (g IsI :zI'g-0gl 'uolfiqu$1e sdBru000'0gZ:l) toutsrC IBciuBtoger,{g eqt ur Sur.unccorrtBJtsnv uJelsel\ ureqtnos

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l9l n {ul,llarslt,t ,7rrry uIIsEy{ d g NuytsiaVol.10, No.2 (1995)

Habitqt. Grows on clay, loam and sandin scrub,Mallee communitiesand woodland.

Flowering andfruiting periocls.Flowering specimenshave been collected fromAugustto october and in December. Pods with mature seedhave been collected in December.

variation. The phyllodes on somespecimens from around Ravensthorpeare occasionallyundulate (e.9. R.J. Cumming 1072. C. Davies 117;B. Barnsley 500, all pERTH). A similar looking undulate phyllode variant occ.ursin A. glaucoptera nearBremer Bay (c. l r 0 km southwestof Ravensthorpe).

Affini.ties. closely relatedto A. glaucopterab\t A. bifqria is most readilydistinguished by its green to sub-glaucousphyllodes and 16-23-floweredheads. Other charactersuselul in discriminatine the new speciesinclude the following. The phyllodeaxils of the new speciesare densely resin-haired, the hairs are red-brown and minute (bestobseryed at xl0 mag.,these hairs are sometimesintermixed with short, appressednon-resinous hairs) whereastn A. gktucoptera the phyllode axils are densely tomentuloseby a tuft of white, erect, non-resinoushairs that are usually visible to the unaided eye. rn A. bifaria the free portion of the phyllode is generallyshorter and narower than in A. glaucoptira and its upper margin is distinctly rounded and ends in an excenrric mucro (while A. gtauciptera sometimeshas similar phyllodes,they are more commonly narrowedto an elongated,acuie or shortly acuminate,r centric point). The pods ofA. bifaria often only strongly curved, and in the less common coiled condition they are not twisted as in A. glaucoptera. Furthermore,there appearsto be habit difl'erencesbetween the two species:A. bifaria is a prostrateor semi-prostrate,commonly domedplant to c. 0.5 m tall andalthough A. glaucopteramayalso have this habit it commonlvsrows to a taller shrub (reaching 1.5m) with a discrete,single trunk and a somewharopen growth forri with rather gangly branches. Acecia bifaria has a morc restricteddistribution thanA. glaucoptera and although both are common around Ravensthorpeit is not known if they are ever sympatric.

The inflorescenceand pod characterssuggest that A. bifaria andA. graucopteraare related to A. excentrica Maiden & Blakely and theA. merralli.iF.Muell. and its allies; how€ver,these relatives do not have bifarious, decurrent phyllodes which lbrm prominent wings along the branchlets.

conservation status. A Priority 3 taxon on the Departmentofconservation and Land Manasement's Declared Rare and Priority Flora List.

EtymoLogy. The epithet is derived from the Latin Di-, two and -farius, a multiplication in numbers parts. of It alludesto the phyllocladinousbranchlets where the phyllodesare in two rankson opposite sides of the branchlet axis.

4. Acacia glaucopteraBenth., Linnaea 26: 604 (1855)

Lectotype (here selected):Swan River, Western Australia, J. Drummond (K, "Herbarium 5: I sheet stamDed Benthamianum1854", see discussion belowi isolecto:BM,CGE_ sheetlabelled..Swan - "Herbarium Riverto cape Riche", K sheetstamped Hookerianum1g67"). ?pararectotype:oncrayey flats near the Gardner and Salt R., Westem Australia, G. Mawelt (BM).

?A. sinuata Hort. ex Jacques,J. Soc. Imp. Centr. Hort. 6: 672 (1g60), non (Lour.) Merrill (1935). Zlp(r: cultivated in May 1860 in Paris by Mr Rougier-Chauyieretn.y. lA. bossiaeoidesauct. non A. Cunn. ex Benth.: B. Seemann,Eur. Acac. Z tab. 1 (1g52).1 'slL+ ',{luo 'l 'puowwn,rg'eqcr1 ',{leuBu .{BIJ:I u IloJ qlt J€elur pue u IIoJ qrg ede3 sp.E,roJ,, 'e(uDu 'le^e^\oq'sueurJeds slql repun suou?elloclo requnu r poli^ll?q .(srsuerl€.rlsnvElol.I,, ur {ur etr:r lou prp aq ntatdocnolS y poqrrcsep,(ll€ut8uo (Eggl) ruEqtuaguaqd! 'uotlDctltdtl

'Jaqueceqpuu roqua^oN ur petce[or uooqe^rq speeseJntt?u qtr,r spod :eqolco o1lsn8ny uo{ s.rnccoqsnu urcur 'requro:nq sqt Jo,\e,\^oq ol lsn8ny ruorl peprocoruoeq s^Eq s t"M}IC spouad 3u!!n4 puD Suuauou

'sertrunuruo. aallpw puu pul?lqnrqsIlDl'puulpoo^\ ur slros,{lle^Bi8 puu ^l?lcur st orl) tDtlqoH

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'3uo1 'lecruoc urur 1 J IHD(^rp ueq,^\)u,rolq-,,$olle,{'1uurure1 + u olur pepuedxe '3uo1 'rurolrlrJ ,{pdnrqe urur I , aplunl'.epv ruu gg,3uo1 ruut g t-l oloelv:pue JEIIqlE uedo 'eurl 'u,rolq 'epr,r '3uol ,Buolqo ,pod ,{Je,f.ruEJ8orneld :llnp IJl?p ruru Z ruur S €-g Z + 1o xedu 3urcu.1 'snorqEIS'asolnBnl ,snoacp}snJc luE qlr.r purpntr?uolrpars IcDIq ,(lyuurpnlrBuol,{leu11 Jo qloorus 'eptlr '3uo1 {1urq1 tuur g-7 ruc Z ot'efpa.teuur eq1 3uo1uspees uee,,rrteq palcrrlsuoc ,{pqBrls 'pesseJdtuoc 'pelsr,rl ol elaral-qns pup pelroc,{Feln8e.urtEq,reuos spod ssele^Jeu'snorqu13 '3uo1 'atuloecuulqo-Suolqo ,esuq wvt Z slD|a(l:sloln JeqndflesJuds ,{lr' oJJl?uot Suoyqo,(1,roluu lD peurof 'slplad 'peJ?]('oll-gg-gg'ueploB 'jf-pqolB Jo ee4 Io [li].?ualZll J qrrlrJ :snoJetu-SsraMol! spoatl :snolnluetuotro sno:qrl3-qnsapDldaJat:Surpuacsep Jo tuel€dsr elcunpedeql tEqlos lrruJur uoq,r 'snoJqEl8'8uo[ '.snotgu18 esBqeql lrroq pe^Jncer,{lSuoJts uello td3cxe lcere + urur g l-€ salcunpad '3uo1 'seruece: ruut g0 ol sap awnDJ'.ltxu lad 7-1 pepeeq-l pocnpoJ{1euer1xe satuatsatollu1 '3uo1 'u 'luoururoJd tuut 1-g g r8rurureddn aql ;o oypprul,roleq Jo meu petunlrs tou puol7 etlsrwnae ,{lDoqsot etncu puu 3uo1urc tr-1 ,{ypnsnsapo [.qdlo uoluod a {:N,ollef. Sur8e1nq qsrppere,uau ']uepr^e 'alBlnpun 'snoJnEIB'snoJnlueurol IBUISJEIII e^Jeu ururlt ,{lFuols1?tco ,(lesuepslxu ldacxa 'snoecDuoa'opr,r snorqB[3 ulc Z g 0 puu (lalqcuEJqot ]uelllqcEllD.+olurod o1xede uor.;: ulSmur relno ',roleq Suolu peJnsEeu)Suol rtlc , g Z F[€nsn ]xeu aql ol Surpuetxeeuo qcee qlr^\ s8ur,nelrsoddo 'slelqcuulq ,lel8uDu] Sururrol pue luerrncep ,{1snorru3:rq q}r.{\snonurluoc sapo {qJ Suol ruru €-l 3uo1qo:oJrlSuuul luelsrsJed lo snonpr.epsalnd1g pet stooqs$aN .snoJqulS,esonxeg ^llq8rls ,llDt ol tq8rB.rtsstappuDrq Burl8ue8luqa,reuros ueuo seqcuurq ur 9 I ot tcale pu€ pauruels-el8urs 'ssolcE ,elp4soJd-rlues Sur,roJAosp tu g I J ol sqrl?.r uedo,{lelerepour ol esuop-pttu Jo elellsoJd

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tI ,(urlle.srll?r7rrry'urtspN u g t64 NuytsirVol. 10, No. 2 (1q95)

Fitzgerald, Gardnerand Phillips ranges,Maxwell." (Bentham 1864: 320). At herb. K there are four sheetsdetermined as A. gLqucopterabyBentham; these support either sterile m atel1alof Drummond 4: I (specimenswith broad phyllodes) and/or flowering materialof Drummond 5: I (specimenswith narrow phyllodes). There is no direct evidencathat Benthamactually usedthis material to prepare the original descriptionof A. glaucopterc, however,the Drummond 5'. I specimensaccord quite well with the (rather brieo protologueas to stipule,phyllode and flower characters.Therefore, the Kew "Herbarium specrmenof Drummond5: 1 on the sheetstamped Benthamianumlg54" hasbeen selected "Herbarium as the lectotype; there is a duplicateof this collection on a sheetstamped Hookerianum 1867" at K. The DrummontJ4'. I collection is not regardedas a ryp€ becauseit is without stipules and flowers (thesewere describedin the original description). Athough there are duplicatesofboth Drummond gatherings at herb. BM and cGE no record was made of the handwriting on these, therefbre,I am not sure if they have been seenby Bentham. The CGE specimenof Drummond 5: "swan I is labelled River to cape Riche" which accordswith the designationgiven by Bentham(1g64: "on 320). I haveseen a Maxwell specimenat herb.BM which is annotated clayeyflats nearthe Gardner and Salt River". This is probably the gatheringcited by Bentham (loc. cit.) :|IilderA. glaucoptera, however, I did not record the morphological characteristicsof this specimenor whether Bentham actually annotated the sheet; this specimen is here regarded as a probable paralectotype of A. glaucoptera,

Synonymy. Judging fiom Jacques'original descriptionof A. sinuata it appearsas though this name is synonymouswith A. glaucoptera,Between 1837 and 1863Jacques published a numberof new namesreferable to Australian taxa of Acacia, basedon plants cultivated in paris. However, I have been unsuccessfulin locating the types of any of thesenames, despite having searchedfbr them at herb. P.

Variation. Specimensfiom the western extremity of the range (pingrup, Broomehill, Borden, Ongerup,Manypeaks areas) diflbr from thoseelsewhere in havingsmaller phyllodes (1.5-3 cm long; freeportion of phyllodes5- l5 mm long and(3)4-6 mm wide). The phyllodesappear to be glaucous (colour deterrnined fiom herbarium specimens)and have obviously tomentulose axils, the free portion of the phyllodesis usuallyacute but in somespecimens (from Ongerupand pingrup)it is roundedand excentricallymucronate as inA. bifaria. Field and laboratorystudies are needed to assess the statusof thcse westernpopulations. Typioal A. glaucoptera occurs along the south coast fiom Bremer Bay eastto IsraeliteBay but thereare a fbw reoordsfrom inland localities,e.g. near Lake King, Nanogin and the stirling Range;it also occursat Broomehill (samelocality as the variant). selected specimensexamined: 95 mile peg,Borden , Pingruproad [c. 32 km N of Bordentowards pingrup], A.M. Ashby 4316 (PERTH); 6 miles [9.6 km] SE of Broomehil, K. Newbey 3586 (CANB, K, MEL, NY, PERTH); I mile [I.6 km] N of Ongerup,K.R. Newbey 462 (PERTH); c. 20 rniles [32 krn] NE of Albany towardsJerramungup, S. Parsr 507 (PERTH); 34 km SE of Ongerup,N. Steven.,KRN95l4 (MELU, PERTH) and KRN9514-l (MELU, PERTH); 2 km S of Borden along Chesterpass Road, J. Taylor and,P. OlLerenshawIT 1870 (PERTH, also CBG, NSW but r.v.).

A seeminglyrare but distinctive variant with very undulatephyllodes is recordedfrom north of Bremer Bay (Bremer Bay is c. 65 km southeastof Jenamungup). Specimensexamined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: SwampRoad, N ofBremer Bay,Seprember 1958, J.M.laws s.a.(pERTH 00713139 & PERTH 00713120); road between Bremer Bay Road and Gairdner River, S. paasr 653 (MO. PERTH).

Affinities. Closely related to A. hifari(t (seethis speciesfor discussion). '(HJdAd) '(HJUad) '(HIUgd) | tooqrs D'$DroW 7ZIZ ,bq,\aN t '(HJuad) t699 puu (tt66u.00 HJdad) u's ultsDw us'(HJdgd "^[sN'n]aht) t6tz 9991 '(HJUAd) SutwtunSJy ggg|ntuadg J 4 4 p1a{r.roL3f U'(HIdAd) Z0Zgpul] ( ^ t tnq (V oslE 'HJugd) '{lllBcol t88t [r]rltv w v ?d.{l :VI'IVUJSnY NdgJSad\ paulwDra suawnads taq|o ; '(qsru,^\orq I Surxrp)uinlq 1u ueer8qsr,{er8 '(,1\olle^ 'peas 'lBcruot-qns- J llnp 3ur,{:p)elrqm Jo puo tu onbrlqo /r"/, :luE eql olur p€puEdxeflldnJq€ 'otnu]nt '3uoy apru {:epr \ urur g 0 c rutu Z-g l apaJD:pue r?lrq tE Suruedo,ro::cu qtr,{\oin.sqo 'Ic€lq 'apr,{\ '3uo1 'llre wDrSornald :,{urqs+ ot u,rorq lrrp urur E ruur g-g t o1 luocufpc ur8.reur 'Fuolqo'pod 'l uo otucunJt,{lsnbrlqo 1o xeduSurcrl lrJu.qlr^\ luurpnlr8uol.rprast lclql lou surS:cur 'osournJd^Durv-l ro esourn;dpuc u,roJqqsrldrnd'sno:qu18'ueql uee^\loq p3trrrsuoc ,{1ac:ucs :o n lou puDspees re^o pesrur^llqgrls 'po^JnJ ^pq?rl"^ {ro^ ol tqBn?rls's^nolnpued 'snoeJelsnJc-snoecuuoc ! 'opr^\ 'J]laurl 'snoJqelS'3uo1 ruru g-y'3uo1 ruc Z[ ol .rpoJ erncsqoquplu ruru gt-E slDQd 'snorqe18 'elclnqtods-rtreurl'ee:1 's1u1ed + ssr,rrsqlo xllDordpelulouqurl + p qrBvel EIZ slodas 'snoreur-g 'ueplo8 p svaalolg slvdeseql Surlquesersapapzlg (,{rp)srsaqluy te rurrp urur g1-91 'pere,tou-0/-09 'ru1nqo13 '."vFcet 'i ,{lesuep sp?2rfl snocnpucsltoLq toTntunpad1Ds'Dq rad E J ot 'aleure11u'3uo1 u {11unsn rurugl-91 sapunpad slcurqll?seq-erdns'eleurellu'luelsrsred-ruros'l|?us'Z 'snoJqulS '.ltxa 'sepo11{qd sl rltr^\ .rr1",awa)D1 Jedg lo 1 luerrncep1o tuerudole,rep eqt q8no:ql po8ur,tr '8uol sl ,{1,ro eu Sururoceqsoxc ^q srsoqturlu 01r1-qouujq,{1pn"^n ruc(01)8- I saua,rzy 3uo1ruur 1-gg 'or1dr11e-3uo1qo'osl]q oql fieu epo1l,{qd;o uoruod eeJl]o uriruur raddn uo polenlrslueururoJd 'lurluec 'oln.u 'po^incur sl l<>upuDlg arn.sqo xre^ Jo luesquse^reu luJalul e^.leuu\?ur ^l,tolleqs 'lcaJe'rulnBuur.rl 'saqcuurq ,{rar ro lqBrerls {l,rolcu o1alcloecuul lo uortr.rodSurrueq-oouocseroUut 'u uo tseuoqs'3uo;u:o g g-1 sapollKLtd./buoutod aa.{:u$oJglq8rl Jo ^\ollo^ puu tuaururordse^reu 1uur3.rcu'snocnu18qns'snorqulS'snoecl?uoo'epr,\\ uu 9-7 s8urirreql',roloq lxou oql ol Surpualxo 'stelqcuuJq euo qcca qlrA\ s8ul,r elrsoddoSurrurol puu 1u?rrnJop,{lsnor.lr]1rq LI}l,r snonurluoJ '8uol 'snocnpuc saponKqd uw Z-l ueyo salndtlg e^Jeulurpeu ,tro11aXaurl u qlr^\ poqsruJnl lu 'snorqvlS'asonxa6 ,{pq8lls o1 snonurs,41,,,ro11ut1s '3ur13uu8 ue1.,to puu popr^rp[18urtuds saqcuntq 'llc) 'eluculul 'peqcul?rq-qcnl^I lDuluJat'.u Z ^lluuor"^ccJo m € l ()1J4rrrl,r Surl^\Drds ro lcere

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'ullsBl s9l €t ,{uellersll^ ,7rDy U g G6 166 NuytsiaVol.10, No.2 (1995)

Distribution. southwest western Australia occuning in the northern area of the Avon Botanical District (l:250,000 map H50-6). Seeminglyrestricted to a small area within a range of hills west of Morawa. Further surveyis neededto determinethe frequencyand geographicrange of the species; it is cuffently known that severalhundred plants exist.

Habitat. Grows in rocky (chert) clayJoam on slopes of hitls in Eucalyptus woodland or dense casuarina scrub.

Flowering andfruiting periods. Flowersin August and September.Pods with matureseeds haye been collected in late Noyember.

Affinities. The preciseaflinities of A. pterocauLonare not altogetherclear. Although its vegetative charactersresemble those of the more southerlydistributed A. glaucoptera andA. willdenowianq, the new speciesis readily distinguishedby its long, linear, r straightpods. Acacia glaucoptera has a similarhabit to A. pterocouLonbrthasmuch smaller heads (5-6 mm diam.at anthesiswhen dry even though the number of llowers is 30-80 per head),much shorterracemes and is denselytomentulous in the axifs of its phyllodes. Although A. willdenowiona often has long, branch-like racemesand headsthat can reach c. I0 mm when dry, it diffbrs significantly from A. pterocaulon in its rushlike growthhabit, twinned peduncles, pale yellow to whiteheads with 13-21 flowers, gamosepalous calyx and transverseseeds. conservationstatus. A Priority ltaxonontheDepartmentofconservationandLandManasement's DeclaredRare and Priority Flora List.

Etymology. From the Greek,pre ron - winged,and kaalos - stem,an allusionto the prominentlywinged branches.

6. Acacia willdenowiana H.L. Wendl., Verz. Berggart.Hannover 5 (1845)

Typrs: Basedon the fbllowing.

A. dipteraLindl.,SketchVeg. SwanR. xv (1839),nonHumb. & Bonpl.ex Willcl. (1809);A. benthomii "benthami"), Heynh. (as Nom. Bot. Hort. 2: 2 (1846), non Meisn. (1844). Lectotype(here selected, seediscussion below): SwanRiver, WesternAustralia, 1839,J. Drummonds.n. (CGEI isolecto:CGE, Ki ?isolecto'.CGE, K, seedisoussion below). Paralectotypes:see A. qpplanata aboye.

A. diptera var. erioptel4 Graham,Bot. Mag. 68: t. 3939 (beforeMay I 842), non Bentham(about June 1842). Typus:C.ultivated plant receivedin I 840 at Royal Botanic Gardens,Edinburgh, fiom Glascow, where it was raised tiom Swan River seedssent by J. Drummond: r.v., seenote below.

A. diptera yar. erioptera Benth., London J. Bot. l: 325 (about June 1842), nom. illeg. (later homonym). SynDtpeL. Swan River, Western Australia, J. Drummond 182 (K). SynS,pe2. Swan River, Western Aushalia, J. Drummond s.n. (K).

yat. A. dipterq lqtior Meisn. in J.C.C.Lehmann, Pl. preiss.l:4 (1844);A. benthq.miiyar. latior 'Benthami'), (Meisn.) Heynh. (as Nom. Bot. Hort. 2: 2 (1846). Lectotype(see Maslin and Cowan 1994): near HalfwayhouselHalfway House,31' 54'S, 116. 20'E], WesternAustralia, 12 September tueseJdarotJ€edd?suoultJodseqJ.pall?qelareqJrq,rJoll€tou,stu?tuelelorequnuesuoddnspue.,Lrr otaldlp onDJv,,{e1pur-1,{q pelulouuusr purgcJ qreql? DraKlry.ylo laoqsed,{1eql .uoljt2J{ldKJ

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'(8961) ,t 9E Id I :Z erTurlsnv '.ucv'suoururrs 'rol'afirqur) ,I .ld .uorl .relooH W : tlr U :(ItgI) 69t I :t Jes .I.ld .suc)t\D)tsn1l :S '(dJS 'd ',.969,,uteqds - ,q1 ,1 .y ,CgH ,JAOC ,D .Ig . .j,6tg ,ur1u4sny 1\I 966sslard 1 ,{e11g IS uratsad\'qt]ed rBeu:.aclttotcalotDd .(UJS ,O.I ,-I ,CgH ,LEC)D'D..op)losl .? .6€g :IN) 966 ssrard, I IE

'urr (Er t I ,{uultarsrt^tr ,?rrry srj,"{.X.g 168 NuytsiaVol.10, No.2 (1995)

both A. diptera sensu lectotypico and A. applanata and there are duplicates of most of them at herb. K.

1. Left hand specimenon the CGE sheetis without collecting details;the probable duplicateof this at Kew is also without collecting details. It is likely that thesespecimens fbrm part of the lectotype gathering ofA. diptera (see no. 2 below) and are thereforeregarded as probable isolectotypes.

"Swan 2. Central specimenson the CGE sheet are labelled River, 1839, Drummond'; therc are duplicatesof theseat Kew. OneoftheCGE specimenshas been selected as the lectotypeof A. dipterq. (originally chosen by A.B. Court, 18 June 1969); the K specimensare regardedas isolectotypes. These specimensaccord well with the protologue.

"Sandy 3. Upper right hand specimenon the CGE sheetis labelled light soil dry above" (probably in "Vasse Mrs G. Molloy's hand); the Kew duplicate of this is labelled River, Mrs. Molloy". These specimensappear to be A. applanata (but with unusuallybroad phyllodes,i.e. 3-7 mm wide) and are regarded as paralectotypesof A. diptera.

"S 4. Lower right hand specimenon the CCE sheetis labelled \yan Riy er,Capt. James M angles"; there are no specimensat herb. K which are attributedto Mangles. This specimenmay possibly be part of the MoLloy collection (see no. 3 above), it is A. applanata and is regardedas a paralectotypeof A. diptera.

The type ofA. diptera yar erioptera Grahamseems not to be extant,however, there is a specimen at herb. E (a probable duplicate at herb, K) which was probably taken from the type plant. The "Acacia specimenis annotatedby R, Graham diptera var. erioptera Crah. GreenhouseR. Bot. Gard. Edin. 24 Decb. 1842."

Bibliographic note. The nameA. diptera yar. erioptera was publishedseparately by both R. Craham and G. Bentham in 1842; the two descriptionswere identical. Ascertaining the precise dates of publication for the respectiveworks is difficult, however,it seemsprobable that Graham's appeared beforeMay 1842(Chapman 1991) and Bentham'sin aboutJune 1842 (Stafleu and Cowan 1979). Additional evidencethat Craham's namewas publishedfirst is seenfiom Bentham(1864) where var. erioptera is attributed to Graham.

Vqriation. Phyllode width is very variable,e.g. 1-6 mm and 5-13 mm wide respectivelyon two plants from the population where B.R. Maslin 6525 was collected. The free portion of the phyllodes on specimenslrom the north of the rangesometimes reach 50 mm long, elsewherethey arerarely exceed 20 mm. Specimensfrom the southernend of the rangehave pale lemon yellow heads,elsewhere they are white to creamy white.

Affinities. Until recentlyA. wildenowina was commonlycalled A. diptera (Court 19'72)and haslong been confounded wrth A. applanata (see above). Confusion betweenthese two speciesoccured becauseboth are low shrubswith winged stemsand globular heads,furthermore, they are sometimes sympatricor parapatric. As discussedabove even the type c ollectionof A. dipterQcontained elements ofboth species.Meisner (1844) recognized thedifferences betweenthe two, describingA.willdenowianq as A. diptera yar. latior and A. applanata as A. diptera yar. angustior.

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691 Cl,{UDII$SrIrr?rry'urrs.xw U g

/ l?0 NuytsiaVol.10, No.2 (1995)

1-3 mn abovebase of phyllode. Pedunclesl or2peraxil, rarely more,5-15 mm long, often reflexed, glabrousor appressed-puberulous;basal peduncular brqcts solitary,usually caducous, minute; fread't globular, cream or golden, loosely 6-l l-flowered', brqcteoles0.5-1 mm long, t navicular, acute to shortly acuminate,sub-sessile, glabrous or sometimesmargins ciliolate. Flowers 4-merc]us;buds ovate 1o elliptic, occasionallynanowly elliptic, 1.5 mm wide, ac'rtelcallx l/4-1l3 length of corolla, gamosepalous,divided fbr 114-ll3 its length into oblong-rolrndedor more commonly triangular lobes, calyx tube nervelessor obscurely netved;petals 2-3 mm long, flabellate-striate,glabrous, acute. Pods stipitate, 3-6 cm long, 4-5 rnm wide, acuminate,t thinly coriaceous-crustaceous, "winged" curved, not raised over the seeds,acutely quadrangular due to broad, flat' margins which are c. 2 mm wide on eachvalve, glabrous,reddish brown, finely longitudinally leticulate on the faces. See.llongitudinal, oblong, 4-5 mm long, 3 mm wide, very dark brown to blackish,rather dull, finely rugulosetpleurograft not prominent, with a narrow opening at hilar end; areole 2-3.5 mm long, l-2 mn wide;funicle filitbrm, c. I mm long; aril terminal, conical,2-2 5 mrn long, l-2 mm wide.

Distribution. Southernwestern Australia in the Eyre, Darling and Roe Botanical Districts. occurs from Stirling Range (Stirling Range is east of Cranbrook) east to Cape Arid (c 110 km east of Esperance).

Afrinities. Until now the new specieshas been confusedwith A. teffaSonocarpaMeisn. and it is probable that Bentham's (1864: 336) description and specimen citations under the latter name included elementsof both species.Acacia aemula appearsmost closely relatedto A. tetragonocarpa andA. cummingianaMaslin but is readily distinguishedfrom them both by the presenceofphyllodes. Thesethree species share a numberofunusual inflorescenceand carpological characters, for example, flowers 4-merous,petals striate, pods acutely quadrangular("winged") and seedswith a terminal, conical aril, In its phyllode nervature,few-flowered headsand striate petalsA qemula appeatsto be also related to the more northerly distributed species,A. volubilis F. Muell. from which it is distinguishedby t straight stems,generally longer phyllodes and 4-merousflowers. As discussed below, A. volubilis is a possibly extinct speciesknown only fiom the type.

Etymology. The specific epithetis derived from the Latin aemulus,meaning rivalling or more or less equalling. It alludes to the fact that the branchletsand phyllodes are superficially very similar and at first glance difficult to distinguish. However, upon inspectionthe (short) phyllodes ate seen to have a gland on their upper surlace and usually (indistinctly) pulvinate at thet base.

Key to subspecies

Stemsand phyllodessmooth ...... ,,. 7a. subsp.aemula Stemsand phyllodes muricate...... 7b. subsp. muricata

7a. Acacia aemula Maslin subsp.aemula

Stems andphyllodes smooth and slender. Heads golden.

Other specimensexamined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: base of Mondurup, near car park, Stirling Range,R.J. Cumming 998 (PERTH); Condingup, T.C. Daniell I I (PERTH); Pfeiffer Road, South Stirling, A.S. George 6304 (PERTH); W of race course! c. 4 miles [6.4 km] N of Esperance, A.S. George 9862 (PERTH): Cape Arid Point, G.,,/.Keighery 1831 (PERTH); West Mount Barren, E & S. Pignatti 1092 (PERTH). -:

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'urrsrli{ tl ^!I'? s.srl,\ rrrrry U g t72 NuytsiaVol. 10,No. 2 (1995)

8. Acacia carens Maslin, sp. nov.

Fruler diffusus scopiformisusque ad 0.6 m altus. Ramir teretibusstriatis vulgo glabris et viridibus F praeter costas prominentes luteas. Phyllodia pauca et remota cum ramis contiflua rudimentaria e stipuliformia 0.5-l mm longa redacta sed interdum phyllodia subteretia usque ad compressa mucronata l-2 mm longa expansa. Stipulae anguste tdangulares usque ad angusto-oblongae, A 1.5-3 mm longae, Pedunculi vulgo solitarii, 2-5 mm longi, plus mrnusve appresso_tomentoso_ b pubescentes;caplr4lls globularibus, 8 mmdiametro,subconferim 13- l4-floribus, bracteolistomentosis. 'tllgo p Flores s-meri, alabastrisobovatis apiculatis; sepal.adiscreta ad circa l/4-connata oblonsa. tI marginibustomento sis. petala fTabellato's:frata.Leguminq lineariausque l0 cm longa et circa 4 rim fr lata, arcuata acuminata crustaceausque ad sublignea, plus minusve quadrangulariamarginibus n prominentibusplanis vel leviter convexis2 mm latis, glabra vel appresso_puberula.Seminq (parum t( immatura) longitudinalia oblonga, 5 rnm longa, arillo terminali et conico. c e Typru: Cockleshell Cully area,Western Australia, 28 May 1973, C. Chapmans.n. 0ralo: pERTH OO722103;iso: CANB, K, MEL).

a Open, broom-like, sub-ercct,shrubs to 0,6 m tall, Branches terete,striate, deeply sulcate and ri green betweenthe yellow ribs, smooth,glabrous except appressed-puberulousin axils at flowering nodesand sometimesat baseof branchlets. stipules narrowly triangularto narrowly oblong, acute, Ir 1.5-3 mm long, c. 0.5 mm wide at base, glabrous or sub-glabrous. phyllodes few and distant. d continuous with branches,rudimentary and commonly representedas a minute, stipule-like appendages0.5-1 mm long with a swollen base, sometimes expanded to minute, sub_tereteto ( compressed,mucronate phyllodes l-2 mm long with a gland on the adaxials\rfnce. peduncles mostly T sofitary, 2-5 mm long, tomentoseto pubescent,hairs * appressed;basal peduncular bract solitarvl receptaclestomentose-pubesc€ nti heads glob\lar,8 mm diam. (when dry), sub-densely13_li_ flowered; bracteoleJpersistent, l-2 mm long, oblong to lanceolate,acute to acuminate,sub-sessile, T shallowly concave,conspicuously tomentose adaxially, hairs sometimespa ially wearing away with c nge. Flowers mostly 5-merous,petals occasionally6 on some flowers; buds obovate-apiculate.c. 1.5 mm wide; sepals I /4- l /3 lengthof corolla, free or unitedfor c. 1/4 their length,oblong, sub-acute, t glabrous except for conspicuouslytomentose margins, dark brown, obscurely l-neved,.,petals c, 3 mm long, flabellate-striate,the central nerve slightly more pronouncedthan the rest and thickened at its apex. Pods linear, to l0 cm long, c. 4 mm wide, curved, acuminate,straight-edged or shallowly b constricted between seeds,crustaceous to sub-woody, t quadrangulardue to prominent, flat or 1 shallowly convex, glabrous margins which are 2 mm wide on each valve, faces of pod somewhat p obscurely longitudinally nerved and glabrous or appressed-puberulous.seeds (stightry immature.l S longitudinal in pod, oblong, 5 mm long, 2 mm wide, brown; pleurogram open at hilar end; areole p 3 mm long, I mm wide]'tunicle minute, abruptly expandedinto a thick, conical, terminal aril. b li other specimensexamined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: cockleshell Gully area [precise localities li withheld for conseryationreasonsl, C Chapnan s.n., 23 October 19,17(MEL, PERTH 00722065) n and 27 April 1979 (MEL, PERTH 00722138), C. Chapmanr.n,28 May 1973 (CANB, K, MEL, PERTH 00722103), R.J. Cranfieltl & P.J. Spencer7995 (PERTH), E.A. Grffin 2437 (PERTH), 7 B.R. Maslin 6573 (PERTH) anrJ.M. Simmons5t4 (PERTH). I,

Di.stribution. SouthwestWestern Australia on the border of the Darling and Irwin Botanical Districts (1:250,000map H50-09). Known only from a very restrictedarea between Jurien (c. 200 km northwest c of Perth) and Eneabba(c. 60 km northeastof Jurien). s p '{.Ielueurpnr 'snouuJs'8uol 'reln8ucr.r1'luelslsred ol paJnper sapoll{4d u^\olq llep rurlt I , ol Iules,talr.1/Jsumorq ro ueeri e,lr1o'sno:qc13 'snonyot '(elrlncJoqnt pu€,$olla,{ squ) peqquetDllts '3toJal 'suels 'qtoorus ,{lcurl valq)uDtg s^eqJuejqreddn uo uaeri utuoruo XelS t-lrg' 1c,lo1puno:3 '11u1 'tcerg e^oquru g0 J urorJpeqourjq qJnur tnq lrJntuJls-al3urs ur S I ul irlr.r?i e]uJutur

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et^ur .ssrt{t,rrry'urtsxr{Ng (9t NuyrsiiVol. I0. No.2 (1995)

minute, horn-like projections to I mrn long, continuous with branchlets,terete, usually recurved, nerves not evident or very obscure on either side of the gland, terminated on adaxial side by a prominent, oblique gland; mucro 0.5-l mm long, rigid and subulatebut not pun Eent. Inflorescences exffemely reduced l-headed racemes;raceme a,ces< 0.5 rnrn long, subtendedat base by 2, dark brown, scarious,oblong bracts I mm long and r mrn wide, a vegetativeshoot sometimes arising liom apex of axis at anthesis;peduncles 3-4 mm long, glabrous;b asal peduncular bracts 1 or 2, obliquely oblong-elliptic, dark brown, scarious,1.5-2 mm long, 1-1.5 mm wide; &ecdsnot prolific, globular, 30-flowered, golden; bracteoles spathulate,1.5 mm long, slightly exserted in mature buds, dark brown; claws to c. 0.5 mm long and gradually expandedinto the lamina; lamina 0.4_0.6mrn wide, concave, scarious, ciliolate, sometimes puberulous abaxially at base otherwise glabrous, acute. Flowers 5-merous,few 4-merousinterspersed; .repals liee or partially fused, 1/2-213length ofpetals, linear to linear-spathulate,dark brown on upperhalf, ciliolate at apex otherwiseglabrous, sometimes the abaxial pair (subtendedby the bracteole) smaller and/or shapedifferent than the rest; petals 2.5 mm long, glabrous, obscurely l-neryed. Pod valves (dehisced)linear, to 4.5 cm long, thinly coriaceous,3-4 mm wide, slightly to moderatelyconstricted between seeds, obviously rounded over seeds,glabrous, dark brown; margins 0.5 mm wide, not thickened. Sesdsnot seen.

Other specimensexamined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Mount Cibson Station, November 1952, C.A. Gardner s.n. (PERTH 00137626, PERTH 00719536 and MEL) and B.R. Mq.slin 6638 (PERTH); NinghanStation, S. Patrick llll (PERTH).

Distribution and. habitat. western Australia near thb border of the Austin and Avon Botanical Districts (1:250,000map H50-7). Known only from Mount Gibson station whereit occursin skeletal soil pocketson rocky hills, and at Ninghan station (c. 40 km northeastof Mount Gibson station) in a gully on brown sandyloam in woodland.

Flowering periods. of the four flowering collections kno)vn, two were gatheredin August and the othertwo in November.Itisnoted, however, that the plants of B.R.Mastin663gwhich were collected in errly October.had tinishedl)owering.

Affi.nities. Acacia cerastesis a most distinctive specieson account of its toduous branchletsand minute phyllodes (which are probably the smallestrecorded for the genus). It is closely related to A. daviesioid.esc, Gardner on account of its continuousphyllodes and globular headsananged in very short racemeswhich are usually bracteateat their base. Acacia daviesioideJis most readily distinguishedfrom A. cerastesby its glaucousto sub-glaucous,non-tortuous branches and its longei (2-10 rffn, sometimes 20 mm), pungent, 5-nerved phyllodes. Also, its bracteoles or" uruully inconspicuousand its calyx is gamosepalous,shallowly to deeply dissected,and often < u2lensti of the petals. Pods and seedsmay show additional differences,however, carpological materiaiof A. cerqstesseen to date is very inadequate(comprising old, dehiscedpod valves). The brancheson A. daviesioidesare normally l straight, however, in some specimens(including the type) they are flexuose and have minutely tuberculateribs as in A. cerastes. Acacia daviesioidesoccurs mainly betweenMingenew southeastto Ballidu-Kalanniein the south-west Botanicalprovince, someg0 km to the west of Mount Gibson station. It also has outliers in the EremaeanBotanical provinca, one on JingemarraStation about 200 km north of Mount cibson station, anothernorth of Mount Jackson about 200 km southeastof Mount Gibson Station.

superficially the new speciesmay be mistakenforA. restia.ceaBefih.,however,the latter is easilv distinguishedby its straight branches,absence of phyllodes (except occasionallyat the base of th; -25 stemswhere they are 7 mm long), long racemes(l-6 cm) with 4-12 headsand very short calvx

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'lutsl?W tl frrtllersr4,rrny' d I Gf NuytsiaVol. 10. No.2 (1995)

E.A. Grffin 5101 (PERTII); 8 miles 113 kml E of Dinner HilJ, R.T. Lange 60 (pERTH); 8 rniles [13 km] W of Barberton, 26 September1971, A.H. Popplewe s.n. (PERTH 00725277);Watheroo t National Park,R. D. Royce9637 (PERTH) 10 miles 16 km] W of Moora, E (pER"lH) ; [ Withl)erw832 . I

Distribution. Southwestwestem Australiaat the northernextremity ofthe Darling Botanical District and the adjacent southernextemity of the Irwin Botanical District (l:250 000 maps H50_10,14). Restrictedto a small areafrom watheroo National Park (c. 40-60 km northwestof Moora) south to Wannamal (c. 25 km northeastof Gingin).

Habitat. Grows in sandor lateritic gravelin closedheath or low openwoodland (of Banksiaprionotes and Eucalyptus todtiana) over heath. Collectors notesaccompanying R.t. Cumming 715 show the speciesconfined to a creek line, halfway up the slope of a small breakaway.

Flowering and fruiting periods. Flo\Nercmainly in May and June, but also recorded for August. specimens with immature pods (sometimeswith flowers persisting) have been collected in late Septemberand early October.

Affinities. Until now this new specieswas confounded with A. votubilis F. Muell., a rare (perhaps extinct) species. Becauseof past confusion surounding the application of the nameA. volubilii a numberoftaxa, includingA. cummingiara, had beenrefened to it. It is not suryising thatA. votubilis andA' cummingianawere confused because they sharesome distinctive floral features,namely, large, globular, few-flowered headsand striatepetals. Furthermore, A. volubilis has veryreduced phyllodes which resemble the striate branchlets, thus rendering it vegetatively superficially similar to A- cummingiana. In additionto possessingphyllodes,A.volrblli.r is distinguishedfromA. cummingiana by its tortuous branchlets,appressed-puberulous peduncles and 5-merous flowers. Furthermore, A. volubilis has a pair of stipules flanking the base of its phyllodes. Each stipule, as well as the phyllode, is served by a vasculartrace. lr A, cummingian'(and A. tetragonocarpa.),howe\er, the equivalentthree tracesenter the scale. This suggeststhat the scalesin thesespecies are homologous to fused phyllodes and stipules.

Acacia cummingiana is closely related to A, tetragonocorpaMeisn, on account of its habit, phyllodes reduced to continuous scales,4-merousflowers with gamosepalouscalyces and striate petals,and quadrangularpods with wide, flat margins. However,A. tetragonocqrpa.is distinguished from the new speciesby its na'ower pods (4-5 mm wide) with longitudinal seedsand by its floral characters,i.e. headsl-4-flowered, llower buds cylindrical to nanowly obovateand I mm wide, and calyx c. ll3length of corolla. Acaciq tetragonoc&rpaocc,.rr.S in swampy or seasonallywet habitats in forest regions to the south of A. cummingiana (i.e. perth to Margaret River and Albany).

Also related to A, aemula (see above).

SpecimensofA. cummingiana with shod pedunclescan be confusedwith A. ccrens (seeabove), however,A. cummtngiana is most readily distinguishedin the following ways: phyllodes reduced to flattened scales 1.5-4 mm long, stipules seemingly fused with the scales,peduncles glabrous, flowers 4-merous,calyx gamosepalouswith triangular lobes, pods g-10 mm wide, stipitate,acutely quadrangularwith margins 3-4 mm wide and seedsseemingly oblique. conservqtion status. A Pdority 3 taxon on the Departmentof conseruationand Land Manasement,s DeclaredRare and Priorirt Flora Lisr. 'elDrJtsluroJrllaqeg'seJroN '8uot 'ElloroJ 1esnoln:eqnd ^lesJ€ds uuu 9 7 sp4ad:petJeug ,{leJnJsqoeqnt Io qt8ue1771 ,(1ec:ecs 'snolnJaqnd-pessetddc xtlot'.pattnc {I,\\olluqs pup Ioqs sJruqaqt salcunpa4 uaurrcods1g1,rq (e)

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'(HIUAd ') :o.tt:lgw :o1ot1)us s a{l Dllxl 'ErlE{snVuretsslA'elu^xog:J'?r1,{J o; ( 'llenl (,.81) 86 :61 ur8uJg I C slllqnlo^ BlrErV'II

'suoqcelloc p€Areserd '(r -lle,tl 'snoJeurnu pue suorlu^Jesqoplery e,lqdec:ed srq qSnorql surcpc€lse,rqlnos ;o ,{ruouoxel o( eql ol uoqnqrJluoc elq8nF^ slrl Jo uoDruSocarul 8u(urun3 llessnu J€ e pe:.j.JEN KSolout]g so

'ullsnr\I'd tI ^uella.srnr?rrry g NuytsiaVol.10, No.2 (1995)

(b) The K specimenflowers. Pedunclesdensely hispidulous, hairs sprcading, rather long and straight, E caly-r slightly exceeding 1/2 length of corolla, tube rather prominently 5-nerved;perals 3 mm long, E glabrous, with a single, thickened, cental nerve. Fr C The protologue clearly describesthe flowers of th€ MEL specimenand it seemsmost likely that the flowers on the K specimenbelong to a speciesothet than A. volubilis.

Affinities. In the past many apparentlyaphyllodinous taxa with few-flowered headsand striatepetals (including A. carens and A. cummingiana)were relbned to A. volubilis, however, it is now known that this is a rare, possibly extinct, speciescurently known only from the type collection. In the absenceof podsfor A. volubilis itis difficult to be certainas to its trueaffinities. Nevertheless,it seems N likely that it is less closely related to A. carens and A. cummingiana than it is to A. aemula (see discussionabove under this species). N P P Conservation status, The speciesis cunently gazetteda Declared Rare Flora-Extant Taxa on the Department of Conservationand Land Management'sDeclared Rare and Priority Flora List. If F A. volubilis is not extinct then rclocating it could prove troublesomeeyen if the plants are in flower s becauseI suspectthat the specieswill be an insignificantsub-shrub, perhaps with a scandantor sedge- like habit, and may well grow t concealedwithin denseheath. It is unfortunatethat the type does not include a collecting date because without it the flowering period is unknown. A further "Boxvale", complication is the uncertaintyconcerning the location of cuffently the only locality known for the species(see discussion wrder Distribution and habitat above).

Acknowledgements

Peter Luscombe is thanked lbr providing notes on the discrimination of A. appl.anata and A. willdenowianq at Woogenilup (eastof Mount Barker). KarinaKnight is thankedfor hercompetent technical assistanceand Richard Cowan fbr providing the Latin descriptions. I am very indebtedto Mr Ian Elliot (Departmentof Land Administration,Midland, W.A.) forproviding valuableinformation "Boxvale" concerningthe possibl€location of (seediscussion under AcaciavoLrbllls). The work was undertakenwith some financial assistancefrom the Australian Biological ResourcesStudy.

References

Bentham,C. ( I 842).Notes on Mimoseae, w itha Synopsi s of Specics.London J. B ot. I : 3I 8-528.(Published around June,/ile Chapman1991.) Bentham.C. ( I 855). " PlantaeM uellerianae". Linnaea 26: 603-63 0. Bentham,G. (1864)."Flora Ausraliensis". Vol.2. (l-ovellReeve:l-ondon.) Chapman,A.D. (1991). "AustrdianPlant Nime Index.A-C. AustralianFlora and Fauna Series Number 12". (Australian GovemmentPublishing service: Canbena.) Chappill,J.A. &Maslin, B.R. ( 1995).A phylogcneticassessmentoftribe Acacieae. /rr Crisp,M. & DoyleJ.J. (eds) "Advances in LegumeS ystematics 7: Phylogeny"pp. 77- 99. (RoyaiBotanicGardens, Kew: l-ondon.) Court,A.B. (1972). Notes on /4cdcir, - L Muellerir2(3):155-163. Coun,A.B. ( | 9?8).Three new spcies ofAcdcia (Mimosaceae) from Westem Australia. Nuytsia 2: 164-177. Cowan,R.S. & Maslin,B.R. ( 1995).Acrrc,a Miscellany 10. Newtaxa and notes on previously described taxa ofAcacia, mosdy sectionJulillorue (ll-grminosae: Mimosoideae),in Westem Australia. Nuytsia 10: l5-62.

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