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Technology Literacy Empowerment in Underdeveloped Village to Increase Public Service Accessibility in Pulau Laut Utara Sub-Distr

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Technology Literacy Empowerment in Underdeveloped Village to Increase Public Service Accessibility in Pulau Laut Utara Sub-Distr TECHNOLOGY LITERACY EMPOWERMENT IN UNDERDEVELOPED VILLAGE TO INCREASE PUBLIC SERVICE ACCESSIBILITY IN PULAU LAUT UTARA SUB-DISTRICT, KOTABARU REGENCY, SOUTH KALIMANTAN PROVINCE MAUNDA GRESTINA YOLANDA SYARIFAH NOOR ANNISA ABSTRACT The initiation of technology-based public service has been started since the existance of President Instruction Number 3 of 2003 Pertaining to the Policy and Strategy of E-Government National Development as the spearhead of the technology-based public service implementation and the media of technology literacy empowerment to the community. Technology literacy empowerment must reach the extent of underdeveloped villages to achieve the positive effect of empowerment. Based upon these issues, the Author is interested to research about “ THE TECHNOLOGY LITERACY EMPOWERMENT IN UNDERDEVELOPED VILLAGES TO INCREASE PUBLIC SERVICE ACCESSIBILITY IN PULAU LAUT UTARA SUB-DISTRICT, KOTABARU REGENCY, SOUTH KALIMANTAN PROVINCE”. This research is designed to gain in-depth understanding of technology literacy empowerment to increase the awareness and knowledge of the community in underdeveloped villages and the public service accessibility through technology in Pulau Laut Utara sub- district. In this research, the Author used qualitative method with explorative research. The data-collection techniques used in this research are observation, interview, and documentation. The results of the rsearch showed that the technology literacy empowerment in Pulau Laut Utara Sub District is heavily affected by the cooperation between the Government, the private sector, and the community to solve the obstruction in operational and technical level to improve the accessibility of public service in Pulau Laut Utara Sub District. Based upon the research results, the Author could draw some conclusion that: first, there is a lack of awareness and knowledge of the community in the underdeveloped villages because the community does not have the orientation to utilize technology as a means to solve problems; second, legal standing of technology-based public service accessibility is direly needed especially in the underdeveloped villages while geographical and human resource quality are also an important factors that decides the technology-based public service; and third, Mobile Sub-District Internet Service (MPLIK) is a form of technology literacy empowerment program in Pulau Laut Utara sub-district, hand-in-hand with direct and indirect learning media through junior, senior, and vocation high schools and computer course institutions although there are many obstacles of the implementation. The conclusion above serves as the foundation of the Author to offer some advices, which are: first, to implement a programme that introduces technology as a substitution of MPLIK program such as the Technology in Village program; second, to design a derivative regulation such as the Regional Regulation that supports the implementation of technology- based public service; and third, to arrange online marketing courses to the businessman and to introduce the function of technology to increase the community’s knowledge. I. INTRODUCTION information modernization, safe internet, and 1.1 Background technology aid allocation to remote villages. Within the concept of community empowerment, there are two kinds of If we connect the success of nonphysical empowerment: physical and nonphysical development and empowerment with Millennium empowerment (Wresniwiro: 2007). Standing our Development Goals in general, technology ground long and firm, Indonesia‟s freedom reached utilization as a capital to develop global-scale its 69 years while continuing our effort to create partnership is a part of Millennium Development more and do more in the scope of community Goals. Millennium Development Goals according empowerment, all to protect and increase to the result of High-Level Summit in 2000 as a community welfare. Empowerment itself ranges development goal has eight aspects, as followed from economics, education, health, socio-culture, (OECD, 2001:1): and infrastructural perspective. Dhakidae in Mardikanto and Soebiato (2013:7) has described Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger by that empowerment is not only in the perspectives 50% in 2015; above, but also in technological empowerment such Achieve universal primary education for as idea, method, technique, and also the effort to all; fulfill the betterment of community empowerment. Promote gender equality and woman empowerment; Decentralization as the root of regional Reduce child mortality rate; autonomy in Indonesia stated that self-sustaining Improve maternal health; and self-empowering are the statutory requirements Fight against HIV/AIDS; to be an autonomous region. Empowerment in the Ensure environmental sustainability; and definition is not only as a physical aspect, as said Develop global-scale partnership. by Wresniwiro, but also is a sign that nonphysical aspects such as skills and knowledge must be The Local Government of Kotabaru in enhanced. Unfortunately, the writer‟s pre-research increasing community‟s capability and knowledge showed that nonphysical aspects are more difficult needs technology mastery from the community to empower. This could only indicate that there are especially those in remote villages. The Local more obstacles in the field, such as the remote Government of Kotabaru is obliged to be the areas, misconduct in planning or executing stage, facilitator to increase technology literacy and also or inability in managerial or leadership aspect. to bridge community‟s access to public service. The obstacles we face in nonphysical The role of Kotabaru Local Government empowerment especially in remote areas are not as a facilitator has yet to be supported by legal the reason to lessen our mutual responsibility to protection. Legally, there is no Regional Regulation increase community welfare. Empowerment is an nor Regent Regulation concerning technology important mandate from the Constitution of 1945 literacy while practically, there is a and is a responsibility of both central government Communication, Information, and Code Agency as and regional government to fulfill it. a subordinate of Transportation Department which executes Mobile Internet Service Center (MPLIK) In accordance to the Law Number 23 that introduces technology to remote districts in Year 2014 Pertaining to Local Government, Kotabaru. concerning the Local Government‟s responsibility in community empowerment, Local Government in The cause of technology literacy problem compiling Mid-Term Regional Development Plan in Kotabaru Regency is a stagnancy where the (RPJMD) must include the general policy of people in remote areas such as Pulau Laut Utara empowerment. Referring to Regional Regulation of sub-district can only access technology every once Kotabaru Regency Number 02 Year 2011 in a while when Mobile Internet Service Center Pertaining to Mid-Term Regional Development comes. An archipelago region such as Kotabaru Plan (RPJMD) 2011-2015 especially in Regency has its own problem and obstacle to nonphysical empowerment, the Kotabaru Local bridge people‟s access to public service because Government is focused to enhance the community‟s capability in technology utilization, there are many isolated Pulaus which are far from their incapability in technology utilization is the capital. affected by limited transportation access and distance. The Local Government of Kotabaru in Based on the problem analysis of enhancing community‟s capability in technology Kotabaru Mid-Term Regional Development Plan utilization has increased the quantity of technicians 2011-2015, the general capability of the and teachers especially in technology field. community in technology literacy is lower than in Furthermore, the conceived human resources are any other regencies because there are many of them distributed to remote areas to help the community who do not have the access to technology. This is in technology mastery. This policy is reflected in even more ironic because the people in remote the table below, as following: villages such as in Sebelimbingan Village where Table 1.1 The Total of Government Employee (GE) and Government Employee Candidate (GEC) Formation in Teachers and Technology Technician 2013-2014 No Formation GEC Formation GE Formation 1. IT Teachers for Junior High School 2 12 2. IT Teachers for Senior High School 2 25 3. Computer Technology Teachers for Vocational 4 6 High School 4. Computer Technician 3 18 Total 11 Persons 51 Persons Source: Regional Government Employee Agency of Kotabaru Regency 2013 The increase in teachers and computer 1.2 Problems technician human resource is followed up by the 1.2.1 Problem Identification course institution growth in technology field in In regard to the core of this matter and spite of its limited existence and location that could background above, the problems that can be not reach the remote areas. By this policy, the identified in this research are, as follow: Local Government of Kotabaru hopes that with the 1) Unoptimalized technology utilization in increase of Government Employee with the Kotabaru Regency, especially in Pulau qualification in technology, the sub-districts which Laut Utara sub-district. are far from the capital can take the benefits from 2) The rise of communal awareness and technology utilization in Kotabaru Regency. knowledge to increase technology utilization which has yet to grow. On the other hand, enhancing general 3) Technology Introduction which is done
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