Masterproef Van Jurgen Goossens

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Masterproef Van Jurgen Goossens Faculteit Rechtsgeleerdheid Universiteit Gent Academiejaar 2010-11 Staatsrechtelijke bevoegdheidsverdeling inzake justitie Toepassing van rechtseconomische principes Masterproef van de opleiding „Master in de rechten‟ Ingediend door Jurgen Goossens (studentennr. 00600059) (major: nationaal en internationaal publiekrecht en milieurecht) Promotor: Prof. Boudewijn Bouckaert Co-promotor: Prof. Matthias Storme Commissaris: Prof. Ben Depoorter Inhoudsopgave Lijst van gebruikte afkortingen ............................................................................................................... 7 Inleiding ................................................................................................................................................. 8 Hoofdstuk 1. Rechtsvergelijkend onderzoek naar de mogelijkheden qua bevoegdheidsverdeling ........ 11 Afdeling 1. Relevantie van rechtsvergelijking van federale stelsels ................................................. 11 Afdeling 2. Verenigde Staten ........................................................................................................... 11 §1. Gerechtelijke organisatie ....................................................................................................... 11 A. Staatsrechtelijke bevoegdheid tot organisatie van de rechtsbedeling .................................. 11 A.1 Parallelle rechtsgang..................................................................................................... 12 A.2 Federale rechtbanken .................................................................................................... 12 A.3 (Deel)statelijke rechtbanken ......................................................................................... 13 A.4 Bevoegdheidsverdeling tussen de federale en deelstatelijke rechtbanken..................... 13 B. Deelstatelijke inspraak bij de benoeming van leden van de hoogste federale rechtscolleges ................................................................................................................................................ 15 C. Inrichting van de rechterlijke macht door de deelstaten en het statuut van hun magistraten ................................................................................................................................................ 15 §2. Procesrecht ............................................................................................................................ 15 §3. Evaluatie ................................................................................................................................ 16 Afdeling 3. Duitsland ....................................................................................................................... 16 §1. Gerechtelijke organisatie ....................................................................................................... 16 A. Staatsrechtelijke bevoegdheid tot organisatie van de rechtsbedeling .................................. 17 A.1 Staatsrechtelijke bevoegdheidsverdeling ...................................................................... 17 A.2 Federaal Grondwettelijk Hof ........................................................................................ 18 A.3 Aparte, nevengeschikte rechtsmachten ......................................................................... 18 A.4 Hoogste aanleg of „revisie‟ ........................................................................................... 19 B. Deelstatelijke inspraak bij de benoeming van leden van de hoogste federale rechtscolleges ................................................................................................................................................ 19 C. Inrichting van de rechterlijke macht door de deelstaten en het statuut van hun magistraten ................................................................................................................................................ 19 §2. Procesrecht ............................................................................................................................ 20 §3. Evaluatie ................................................................................................................................ 20 Afdeling 4. Zwitserland ................................................................................................................... 21 §1. Gerechtelijke organisatie ....................................................................................................... 21 A. Staatsrechtelijke bevoegdheid tot organisatie van de rechtsbedeling .................................. 21 A.1 Staatsrechtelijke bevoegdheidsverdeling ...................................................................... 21 A.2 Federale en kantonale rechtbanken ............................................................................... 21 1 B. Deelstatelijke inspraak bij de benoeming van leden van de hoogste federale rechtscolleges ................................................................................................................................................ 22 C. Inrichting van de rechterlijke macht door de deelstaten en het statuut van hun magistraten ................................................................................................................................................ 22 §2. Procesrecht ............................................................................................................................ 23 §3. Evaluatie ................................................................................................................................ 23 Afdeling 5. Spanje ........................................................................................................................... 23 §1. Gerechtelijke organisatie ....................................................................................................... 23 A. Staatsrechtelijke bevoegdheid tot organisatie van de rechtsbedeling .................................. 23 A.1 Staatsrechtelijke bevoegdheidsverdeling ...................................................................... 23 A.2 Statuut van autonomie van Catalonië ........................................................................... 24 B. Deelstatelijke inspraak bij de benoeming van leden van de hoogste federale rechtscolleges ................................................................................................................................................ 24 C. Benoeming van federale rechters met rechtsmacht beperkt tot het grondgebied van de deelentiteiten ........................................................................................................................... 25 §2. Procesrecht ............................................................................................................................ 25 §3. Evaluatie ................................................................................................................................ 25 Afdeling 6. Beknopte bespreking van Oostenrijk, India, Canada, Mexico, Australië en Argentinië 25 §1. Oostenrijk .............................................................................................................................. 25 §2. India ....................................................................................................................................... 26 §3. Canada ................................................................................................................................... 26 §4. Mexico ................................................................................................................................... 27 §5. Australië ................................................................................................................................ 28 §6. Argentinië .............................................................................................................................. 28 Afdeling 7. Conclusie uit het rechtsvergelijkend materiaal .............................................................. 29 §1. Gerechtelijke organisatie ....................................................................................................... 29 A. Staatsrechtelijke bevoegdheid tot organisatie van de rechtsbedeling .................................. 29 B. Deelstatelijke inspraak bij de benoeming van leden van de hoogste federale rechtscolleges ................................................................................................................................................ 30 C. Organisatie van de rechterlijke macht door de deelstaten en het statuut van hun magistraten ................................................................................................................................................ 30 §2. Procesrecht ............................................................................................................................ 31 Hoofdstuk 2. Institutionele omkadering van de Belgische justitiële bevoegdheidsverdeling ................ 32 Afdeling 1. Staatsrechtelijke bevoegdheidsverdeling ....................................................................... 32 §1. Subsidiariteitsbeginsel ........................................................................................................... 32 §2. Artikel 35 GW: de fata morgana van een logische Belgische staatsrechtelijke bevoegdheidsverdeling ...............................................................................................................
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