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Cancellariidae of Hansa Bay, Papua New Guinea (Mollusca: Neogastropoda) 1

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Cancellariidae of Hansa Bay, Papua New Guinea (Mollusca: Neogastropoda) 1 BULLETIN DE L'INSTITUT ROYAL DES SCIENCES NATURELLES DE BELGIQUE, BIOLOGIE, 65 : 117-121. ,1995 BULLETIN VAN HET KONlNKLIJK BELGISCH INSTITUUT VOOR NATUURWETENSCHAPPEN, BIOLOGIE, 65: 117-124, 1995 Cancellariidae of Hansa Bay, Papua New Guinea (Mollusca: Neogastropoda) 1 by Andre VERHECKEN Abstract Introduction The Cancellariidae collected by scientists working at the "King The marine gastropod family Cancellariidae has a world­ Leopold III" Biological Station on Laing Island, Hansa Bay, wide distribution, but is particularly well represented in Madang Province, Papua New Guinea (PNG), have been tropical and subtropical regions, where the highest studied. This material consists of 58 shells, belonging to six number of cancellariid species occur along the axis Japan species: Scalptia crenifera (SOWERBY, 1832), S. crossei (SEMPER, - Australia. Cancellariidae live from subtidal to abyssal 1861), S. /aingensis VERHECKEN, 1989, S. ob/iquata (LAMARCK, depths, although there are only few shallow water species. 1822), S. vangoethemi sp. nov. and Trigonostoma antiquatum The cancellariids living in the seas adjacent to Papua New (HINDS, 1843). The collecting area was limited both geogra­ Guinea (PNG) have been listed by previous authors: phically and bathymetrically, so that the results obtained pro­ bably reflect only part of the cancellariid fauna of PNG. Philippines: 16 species (SPRINGSTEEN & LEOBRERA, Keywords: Gastropoda, Cancellariidae, Indo-Pacific, Papua New 1986; PETIT & HARASEWYCH, 1986; BEU & MAXWELL, Guinea, faunal list. 1987) ; Indonesia: 25 species (VERHECKEN, 1986a; BEU & MAXWELL, 1987), and Australia: 48 species (GAR­ RARD, 1975 ; VERHECKEN, 1991; BEU & MAXWELL, Resume 1987). The Cancellariidae from PNG are poorly known, also Tout le materiel de Cancellariidae collectionnes par des cher­ because it is not easy to correlate old citations of " New cheurs belges du Station Biologique "Roi Leopold III" a Laing Guinea" to the modern state ofPNG. The former Dutch Island, Hansa Bay, province de Madang, Papouasie Nouvelle New Guinea (now Irian Jaya) may have been referred to Guim!e (PNG), a ete etudie. Le materiel consiste de 58 coquilles, under that name, as well as nearby islands, e.g. New Bri­ appartenant a six especes: Scalptia crenifera (SOWERBY, 1832), tain or New Ireland. Moreover, in museum collections S. crossei (SEMPER, 1861), S. laingensis VERHECKEN, 1989, S. locality data of some shells labeled "New Guinea" most obliquata (LAMARCK, 1822), S. vangoethemi sp. nov. and probably have been copied from reference works, e.g. Trigonostoma antiquatum (HINDS, 1843). La collection a ete TRYON (1885), for this was a rather common practice obtenue dans une region limitee au point de vue geographique about a century ago. et bathymetrique; par consequence, les resultats obtenus ici ne repesentent probablement qu'une partie de Ia faune des A search in literature and museum collections yielded only Cancellariidae de PNG. five cancellariid species for PNG: Mots-clefs: Gastropoda, Cancellariidae, Indo-Pacifique, Merica sinensis (REEVE, 1856), Port Moresby, AV. Papouasie Nouvelle Guinee, liste faunistique. Plesiotriton mirabilis BEU & MAXWELL, 1987, holotype (Cl40741 AMS), Rabaul, N ew Britain. Sydaphera undulata (SOWERBY, 1849a). NMNH 845169, Abbreviations used Port Moresby; CERNOHORSKY, 1972 : pl. 50 fig. 4. Trigonostoma antiquatum (HINDS, 1843). HINDS, 1843 : AV author's collection 49; shells in MNHG and MNHN. AMS Australian Museum, Sydney, Australia Tritonoharpa pseudangasi BEU & MAXWELL, 1987, 2 KBIN Koninklijk Belgisch Instituut voor Natuurwetenschap­ paratypes (NHM 1969344), N ew Ireland. pen, Brussels, Belgium MHNG Museum d'Histoire naturelle, Geneve, Switzerland Material studied MNHN Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, France NHM The Natural History Museum, London, Great Britain The material studied consists of all cancellariids collected NMNH National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC, USA by scientists of the KBIN working at the " Koning PNG Papua New Guinea Leopold III" Biological Station at Laing Island, Hansa Bay, M adang Province, PNG , over the period 1976 to 1994. It amounts to a total of 58 shells represen ting six ( l) Contribution n° 307: Leopold III Biological Station of Laing Island. species. .. I 118 A. VERHECKEN Taxonomic review Scalptia crossei (SEMPER, 1861 ) (Fig. 2 ) In cases where the locality of the type-material is unknown, the first locality given by later authors for other Cancellaria sen·ata REEV E, 1856: species 63, pl. 14 figs. material of that species is indicated ; this should not be 63a-b. interpreted as the type-locality. Cancellaria crossei SEMPER, 1861: 257. (nom. nov. for C. serrata REEVE, non BRONN, 1831 ). Cancellaria ( Trigonostoma) crenifera SOWERBY var. ser­ rata- MELVILL & STANDEN, 1901 : 451. Genus Scalptia JOUSSEAUME, 1887 Scalptia crossei - PETIT, 1980 : 212, fig. 2. ABBOTT & DANCE, 1982: 229 unnumbered fig. ; VERHECKEN, 1986a: JOUSSEAUME, 1887 : 192, 213. COSSMANN, 1899: 15. 49, figs. 19-20. WENZ, 1943: 1358. MARKS, 1949:458. PETIT, 1980:211. Trigonostoma scalarina - G ARRARD, 1975, fig. 3(14) (non C. scalarina LAMARCK). TYPE-SPECIES, by original designation : Cancellaria obli­ quata LAMARCK, 1822. TY PE-MATERIAL : two syntypes of C. sen·ata R EEVE : NHM 1968407, 17.3 x 11.7 mm and 17.1 x 12.0 mm. DISTRIBUTION: Indo-Pacific, roughly west of 180° E. TYPE-LOCALITY: Unknown to REEVE (1856) for C. ser­ REMARK: The genus Scalptia comprises a large number rata. MELVILL & STANDEN (1901) first indicate a locality: of often closely related species. Consequently, the Gulf of Oman. literature abounds in incorrect identifications within this group, so that unfigured citations often are unreliable. DISTRIBUTION: " North-eastern South Africa to the Philippines" (PETIT, 1980: 213); Northern and Eastern Australia (GARRARD, 1975, under the name T scalarina). Scalptia crenifera (SOWERBY, 1832) (Fig. 3 ) PNG MATERIAL: 4 shells, Hansa Bay, TURSCH & PIER­ RET, 1975-79, I.G. N o 26,132. Dimensions up to 19.1 x Cancellaria crenifera SOWER BY, 1832: 5, fig. 29. 13.0 mm. SOWER BY, 1849b: 453, figs. 84-86. REEVE, 1856 : species 24 (textpages unnumbered), pl. 6 figs. 24a-b. REMARKS: This species is very variable in shell form; this Scalptia crenifera - HABE, 1961: 436, pl. 23 fig. 7. has led to a great confusion in identifications. The name KURODA, HABE & OYAMA, 1971: 203, pl. 54 fig. 4. S. crossei is here interpreted as explained earlier (VERHECKEN, 1986a: 50). The shells of this species dif­ TYPE-MATERIAL: Three syntypes in NHM, reg. fer from those of S. crenifera in being more slender, hav­ n° 1968423, up to 25.3 X 17.0 mm. ing a narrower umbilicus and the columella less curved abaxially. TYPE-LOCALITY: Ceylon (SOWER BY, 1832). KURODA, HABE & OYAMA (1971: 203, probably copying the locality given by REEVE (1856: species 24), erroneously Sca/ptia laingensis VERHECKEN, 1989 give Manila as type-locality. (Fig. 7) DISTRIBUTION: along the line Japan-Australia S calptia laingensis VERHECKEN, 1989: 97, figs. 1, 2, 5. (VERHECKEN, 1986a: 49); Madras, India (A V); Gulf of Oman (MELVILL & STANDEN, 1901). TYPE-MATERIAL : Holotype : KBIN, Mollusc Type n° 446, I.G. N o 26132, T URSCH& PIERRET, 1975-79,10.1 X 6.5 PNG MATERIAL: 11 shells, Hansa Bay, off Sisimangum mm. Village, 6 m, TURSCH & PIERRET, 1975-79, I.G. 2 Paratypes: KBIN, I.G. N° 26132, same locality data. N ° 26,132. I shell, Hansa Bay, Duangit, 45 m, TURSCH & PIERRET, 1975-79, I.G. N ° 26,132. 2 shells, Hansa Bay, TYPE-LOCA LITY: Duangit, Hansa Bay, 45 m. Duangit N., dredged 45 m , TURSCH, 1978, I.G. N o 25,955. Dimensions up to 18.7 x 13.1 mm. DISTRIBUTION: apart from the type material, a few more shells are now known: one specimen from 15-30 m, off REMARKS: This is one of the commoner Indo-Pacific Hoskins, W. New Britain (R . E. PETIT, in /itt. 9-iii-1990); Cancellariidae. I cannot agree with GARRAR D (1975: 30) and NMNH has specimens tentatively identified as this who, referring to TRYON (1885: 80), considers this species species, with reliable locality data (U.S. Bureau of together with others as " probably only varieties of C. F isheries Stations) from the Philippines (Luzon; Cor­ scalarina LAMARCK". For a discussion on the latter regidor, Palawan), 50-77 m, and from off Sandakan name, cfr. VERHECKEN ( 1986b: 146). Island, Borneo, 70 m. Cancellariidae of Hansa Bay, Papua New Guinea '119 PNG MATERIAL: the type-material only; dimensions up REMARKS: This species is one of the most commonly to 10.2 x 6.5 mm. found Cancellariidae in its areas in the Indo-Pacific. Its distribution, as far as actually documented, is discon­ REMARKS: NMNH has 2 shells from Jolo Island, Philip­ tinuous: along the axis Japan-Australia, and eastern pines (Cat. No 239530), one of which has been tentatively Africa. This is not a unique feature in Cancellariidae: e.g. identified als S. laingensis (the other one is a S. bicolor Cancel/aria patricia THIELE, 1925 (cfr. VERHECKEN , (HINDS, 1843)). A note accompanying the shells states: 1991), and Plesiotriton vivus BEU & MAXWELL, 1987. "from pearl oysters. BARTSCH" , but the nature of the The small size of the PNG shells is remarkable: a mean cancellariid's relation to the oyster is not stated. This height of 12.2 mm (standard deviation 1.3 mm), with a knowledge might possibly give a clue to the feeding habit maximum of 15 mm. Indonesian shells of this species of this species. Also other cancellariids have been found reach a height of up to 18.5 mm (VERHECKEN, 1986a: in close association with living molluscs (cfr. 45) ; Philippine shells up to 20 mm (SPRINGSTEEN & VERHECKEN, 1986b: 139). Extremely little is known as LEOBRERA, 1986: 78); for Australia (mostly New Cale­ to the feeding habits of Cancellariidae. In the literature, donia) the average size is 18 mm, with a maximum of their food is supposed to be " soft-bodied microorga­ 20 mm (GARRARD, 1975: 27). A shell from Moyambique nisms" (OLSSON, 1970 : 21), or the animals are thought (AV) is 21.5 mm high.
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