;login WINTER 2016 VOL. 41, NO. 4 : & Your Cores Are Slacking Off Jean-Pierre Lozi, Baptiste Lepers, Justin Funston, Fabien Gaud, Vivien Quéma, and Alexandra Fedorova & BeyondCorp Part III: The Access Proxy Luca Cittadini, Batz Spear, Betsy Beyer, and Max Saltonstall & OpenLambda for Microservices Scott Hendrickson, Stephen Sturdevant, Edward Oakes, Tyler Harter, Venkateshwaran Venkataramani, Andrea Arpaci-Dusseau, and Remzi Arpaci-Dusseau & Tuning ZFS for Databases Allan Jude and Michael W. Lucas & Interview with Fyodor Vaskovich Rik Farrow Columns Understanding Python Metaclasses David Beazley Monitoring Your Monitoring Systems Dave Josephsen Forecasting the Weather with Dark Sky David N. Blank-Edelman Extending Go Applications with Exec Plugins Kelsey Hightower Rising Tide of IoT Devices Dan Geer Idiot-Blockers for the Internet Robert G. Ferrell UPCOMING EVENTS LISA16 USENIX ATC ’17: 2017 USENIX Annual Technical December 4–9, 2016, Boston, MA, USA Conference www.usenix.org/lisa16 July 12-14, 2017, Santa Clara, CA, USA Co-located with LISA16 Submissions due February 7, 2017 www.usenix.org/atc17 SESA ’16: 2016 USENIX Summit for Educators in System Administration Co-located with USENIX ATC ’17 December 6, 2016 HotCloud ’17: 9th USENIX Workshop on Hot Topics www.usenix.org/sesa16 in Cloud Computing July 10-11, 2017, Santa Clara, CA, USA USENIX Journal of Education in System Administration Submissions due March 14, 2017 (JESA) www.usenix.org/hotcloud17 Published in conjunction with SESA www.usenix.org/jesa HotStorage ’17: 9th USENIX Workshop on Hot Topics in Storage and File Systems July 10-11, 2017, Santa Clara, CA, USA Enigma 2017 Submissions due March 16, 2017 January 30–February 1, 2017, Oakland, CA, USA www.usenix.org/hotstorage17 enigma.usenix.org SOUPS 2017: Thirteenth Symposium on Usable Privacy and Security FAST ’17: 15th USENIX Conference on File and July 12-14, 2017, Santa Clara, CA, USA Storage Technologies Paper registrations due March 1, 2017 www.usenix.org/soups2017 February 27–March 2, 2017, Santa Clara, CA, USA www.usenix.org/fast17 USENIX Security ’17: 26th USENIX Security Symposium SREcon17 Americas August 16-18, 2017, Vancouver, B.C., Canada March 13–14, 2017, San Francisco, CA, USA Submissions due February 16, 2017 www.usenix.org/srecon17americas www.usenix.org/sec17 NSDI ’17: 14th USENIX Symposium on Networked SREcon17 Europe/Middle East/Africa Systems Design and Implementation August 30–September 2, 2017, Dublin, Ireland March 27–29, 2017, Boston, MA, USA www.usenix.org/srecon17europe www.usenix.org/nsdi17 SREcon17 Asia/Australia May 22–24, 2017, Singapore www.usenix.org/srecon17asia Do you know about the USENIX open access policy? USENIX is the fi rst computing association to off er free and open access to all of our conferences proceedings and videos. We stand by our mission to foster excellence and innovation while supporting research with a practical bias. Your membership fees play a major role in making this endeavor successful. Please help us support open access. Renew your USENIX membership and ask your colleagues to join or renew today! www.usenix.org/membership www.usenix.org/facebook www.usenix.org/gplus www.usenix.org/linkedin twitter.com/usenix www.usenix.org/youtube WINTER 2016 VOL. 41, NO. 4 EDITOR Rik Farrow [email protected] EDITORIAL MANAGING EDITOR 2 Musings Rik Farrow Michele Nelson [email protected] SYSTEMS COPY EDITORS 6 Your Cores Are Slacking Off—Or Why OS Scheduling Is a Hard Steve Gilmartin Jean-Pierre Lozi, Baptiste Lepers, Justin Funston, Fabien Gaud, Problem Amber Ankerholz Vivien Quéma, and Alexandra Fedorova 14 Serverless Computation with OpenLambda Scott Hendrickson, Stephen PRODUCTION Sturdevant, Edward Oakes, Tyler Harter, Venkateshwaran Venkataramani, Arnold Gatilao Jasmine Murcia Andrea C. Arpaci-Dusseau, and Remzi H. Arpaci-Dusseau 20 Standing on the Shoulders of Giants by Managing Scientific Experiments TYPESETTER Like Software Ivo Jimenez, Michael Sevilla, Noah Watkins, Carlos Maltzahn, Star Type [email protected] Jay Lofstead, Kathryn Mohror, Remzi Arpaci-Dusseau, and Andrea Arpaci-Dusseau USENIX ASSOCIATION SECURITY 2560 Ninth Street, Suite 215 28 BeyondCorp Part III: The Access Proxy Luca Cittadini, Batz Spear, Berkeley, California 94710 Betsy Beyer, and Max Saltonstall Phone: (510) 528-8649 FAX: (510) 548-5738 34 Excavating Web Trackers Using Web Archaeology Adam Lerner, Anna Kornfeld Simpson, Tadayoshi Kohno, and Franziska Roesner www.usenix.org 41 The Adblocking Tug-of-War Hamed Haddadi, Rishab Nithyanand, Sheharbano ;login: is the official magazine of the USENIX Khattak, Mobin Javed, Narseo Vallina-Rodriguez, Marjan Falahrastegar, Association. ;login: (ISSN 1044-6397) Julia E. Powles, Emiliano De Cristofaro, and Steven J. Murdoch is published quarterly by the USENIX Association, 2560 Ninth Street, Suite 215, 44 Interview with Gordon Lyon Rik Farrow Berkeley, CA 94710. SYSADMIN $90 of each member’s annual dues is for 48 Tuning OpenZFS Allan Jude and Michael W. Lucas a subscription to ;login:. Subscriptions for non members are $90 per year. Periodicals 52 Lessons from Iraq for Building and Running SRE Teams: postage paid at Berkeley, CA, and additional From the Assembly Line to the Web Kurt Andersen mailing offices. 57 Interrupt Reduction Projects Betsy Beyer, John Tobin, and Liz Fong-Jones POSTMASTER: Send address changes to ;login:, USENIX Association, 2560 Ninth Street, COLUMNS Suite 215, Berkeley, CA 94710. 64 In Praise of Metaclasses! David Beazley ©2016 USENIX Association 70 Practical Perl Tools: The Whether Man David N. Blank-Edelman USENIX is a registered trademark of the 75 iVoyeur: Dogfood and the Art of Self-Awareness Dave Josephsen USENIX Association. Many of the designa- tions used by manufacturers and sellers 78 For Good Measure: Implications of the IoT Dan Geer to distinguish their products are claimed 80 Extending Go Applications with Exec Plugins Kelsey Hightower as trademarks. USENIX acknowledges all trademarks herein. Where those desig- 84 /dev/random Robert G. Ferrell nations appear in this publication and USENIX is aware of a trademark claim, BOOKS the designations have been printed in caps 86 Book Reviews Mark Lamourine or initial caps. USENIX NOTES 89 USENIX: It’s Not What You Might Think Cat Allman 90 Impressive Results for Team USA at 2016 International Olympiad in Informatics Brian C. Dean 91 Thanks to Our Volunteers Casey Henderson 93 USENIX Association Financial Statements for 2015 Musings RIK FARROWEDITORIAL Rik is the editor of ;login:. our times a year, I sit down at my desk and try to come up with some- [email protected] thing different to write. I’ve been writing a column for ;login: since F1996, although back then it was about Java [1], and I was not the editor. To be honest, I wouldn’t still be editing ;login: if I didn’t love doing it. I enjoy working with the members and people who attend conferences, and the USENIX staff. Coming up with articles for each issue is always a chal- lenge, one that I welcome you to help with. Perhaps I should explain what I’ve been trying to do with ;login:, since I was first asked to edit special issues on security in 1998. I actually had written a proposal to the USENIX Board of Directors in 1996 about how I would go about editing ;login:, a proposal I found in 2006 when I was tasked with creating an updated version. Goals I strive to collect articles about emerging research, new tools, and techniques that I believe will benefit a broad cross-section of the USENIX membership. It’s a challenging goal, as the membership ranges from industry to academic, from programmers to system administrators and SREs. USENIX has conferences on systems, security, file systems and storage, dis- tributed systems, system administration, cloud computing, and site reliability engineering (SRE). Finding topics that may be useful to at least two of these categories, and hopefully more, has always been my goal. Like any Program Committee member, I don’t want to ever publish (or accept) bad research. In the case of ;login:, I can often sidestep that issue because I ask the authors of accepted papers to write about their research. But that only works for topics that have been covered by papers. When the author or authors haven’t produced a paper, I look for other indications of compe- tency in the topic at hand. I also check out references, by asking some of the many people I’ve gotten to know in attending USENIX conferences over the years, about the authors I have in mind. And there’s also the quality detector: you probably have one of these as well [2], and I highly recommend paying attention to any alerts it produces. For me, these alerts come when I notice that the draft I am reading fails to tell me anything useful, or covers the same territory as found online. Other times, the writer will contradict him or herself, or write things that sound just plain wrong. Again, the Web can be your friend. Finally, timeliness is an important goal. There is lag time inherent in print publications, and I start searching for good topics six months before an issue comes out. That’s a very long time when part of my goal is to cover emerging topics. I plan on editing ;login: into the foreseeable future and welcome new ideas and input. If you’d be interested in contributing to ;login:’s process, and if you have suggestions for topics that should be covered, please do let us know by contacting us at [email protected]. 2 WINTER 2016 VOL. 41, NO. 4 www.usenix.org EDITORIAL Musings The Lineup I interview Gordon Lyon, perhaps better known as Fyodor. We start out this issue with several articles with the theme of Fyodor started working on the Nmap scanner back in the mid- systems. Lozi et al.