ODISHA REVIEW VOL. LXXI NO. 1 AUGUST - 2014 PRADEEP KUMAR JENA, I.A.S. Principal Secretary PRADIPTA KUMAR MOHAPATRA, O.A.S.(SAG) Director DR. LENIN MOHANTY Editor Editorial Assistance Production Assistance Bibhu Chandra Mishra Debasis Pattnaik Bikram Maharana Sadhana Mishra Cover Design & Illustration D.T.P. & Design Manas Ranjan Nayak Hemanta Kumar Sahoo Photo Raju Singh Manoranjan Mohanty The Odisha Review aims at disseminating knowledge and information concerning Odisha’s socio-economic development, art and culture. Views, records, statistics and information published in the Odisha Review are not necessarily those of the Government of Odisha. Published by Information & Public Relations Department, Government of Odisha, Bhubaneswar - 751001 and Printed at Odisha Government Press, Cuttack - 753010. For subscription and trade inquiry, please contact : Manager, Publications, Information & Public Relations Department, Loksampark Bhawan, Bhubaneswar - 751001. Five Rupees / Copy E-mail : [email protected] Visit : http://odisha.gov.in Contact : 9937057528(M) CONTENTS Jhulan Yatra Er. Raghunath Patra ... 1 Good Governance ... 3 Netaji and Gandhi : A Different Look Dr. Sridhar Charan Sahoo ... 5 The Sarvoday Movement in Odisha after Independence Dr. Atul Chandra Pradhan ... 16 The August Revolution in Odisha and the Role of Princely States Dr. Janmejaya Choudhury ... 24 Meeting of Minds : Gandhi and Mandela on Non-Violence Dr. Bishnupriya Padhi ... 26 Israel-Palestine Conflict Resolution Possible M.A. Kharabela Swain ... 34 Role of Women in the Quit India Movement in Odisha Dr. Prabodh Kumar Rath ... 39 Sarala Devi as a Freedom Fighter Dhyanimudra Kanungo ... 42 A Prelude to Gandhian Era : The Home Rule Movement Dr. Lingaraj Rath ... 45 The Eram Tragedy Rabindra Kumar Behuria ... 49 Kabiraj Biswanath Panda : The Forgotten Freedom Fighter and Poet Dr. Sarbeswar Sena ... 53 Human Development vis-a-vis Women’s Development : A Progress Analysis in Odisha Srabani Das ... 56 Gender Equality in Education : Evidences from an Empirical Premananda Mishra Research in Odisha Radhakanta Gartia ... 61 The Clarion Calls of Freedom : Quit India - Do or Die Girish Swain ... 67 Odisha State Policy for Girls and Women, 2014- Key Features Dr. Amrita Patel Namita Palo ... 70 Agriculture towards self sufficiency in Odisha Gurukalyan Mohapatra ... 73 Remembering the day, Awakening the People….!!! Subhrata Pattnaik ... 76 MSME Growth Dilemma : Create More or Reduce Mortality ? Prof. B.B Kar Prof. R.N Subudhi ... 86 "Delighting in the Delightful : The Aesthetics of Gita Govinda and Odissi Dance" Dr. Itishree Devi ... 91 Democracy in Sri Ram Chandra Bhanja Deo’s State Politics: An Analysis Harapriya Das ... 94 Empowering India with Gender Equality Dr. Sanghamitra Deobhanj ... 97 Career Guidance in Mining Sector Hemanta Kumar Nayak ... 102 Odisha Update ... 104 National Song Vande Mataram ! Sujalam, suphalam, malayaja shitalam, Shasyashyamalam, Mataram ! Shubhrajyothsna pulakitayaminim, Phullakusumita drumadala shobhinim, Suhasinim sumadhura bhashinim, Sukhadam varadam, Mataram ! The song, Vande Mataram, composed in Sanskrit by Bankimchandra Chatterji, was a source of inspiration to the people in their struggle for freedom. It has an equal status with Jana-gana-mana. The first political occasion when it was sung was the 1896 session of the Indian National Congress. National Anthem Jana-gana-mana-adhinayaka, jaya he, Bharata-bhagya-vidhata. Punjab-Sindhu-Gujarat-Maratha, Dravida-Utkala-Banga, Vindhya-Himachala-Yamuna-Ganga Uchchala-Jaladhi-taranga. Tava shubha name jage, Tava shubha asisa mage, Gahe tava jaya gatha, Jana-gana-mangala-dayaka jaya he Bharata-bhagya-vidhata. Jaya he, jaya he, jaya he, Jaya jaya jaya, jaya he! The playing time of the full version of the National Anthem is approximately 52 seconds. A short version consisting of first and last lines of the stanza (playing time approximately 20 seconds) is also played on certain occasions. The song, Jana-gana-mana, composed originally in Bengali by Rabindranath Tagore, was adopted in its Hindi version by the Constituent Assembly as the National Anthem of India on January 24, 1950. It was first sung on December 27, 1911 at the Calcutta Session of the Indian National Congress. The complete song consists of five stanzas. National Flag The national flag is a horizontal tricolour of deep saffron (kesari) at the top, white in the middle and dark green at the bottom in equal proportion. The ratio of width of the flag to its length is two to three. In the centre of the white band is a navy blue charkha or the wheel which appears on the abacus of the Sarnath Lion Capital of Ashoka. Its diameter approximates to the width of the white band and it has 24 spokes. The design of the national flag was adopted by the Constituent Assembly of India on July22, 1947. Its use and display are regulated by the Indian Flag Code. MARTYRS FROM ODISHA Jayee Rajguru Veer Surendra Sai (1739-1805) (23.01.1809 - 28.02.1884) Birsa Munda Baji Rout Raghunath Mohanty (Died in Ranchi jail in June 1900) (Shot dead on 11.10.1938) (18.07.1910 - 04.04.1941 hanged) Dibakara Parida Laxman Naik (30.11.1911 - 04.04.1941 hanged) (22.11.1899-29.03.1943 hanged) Message of Dr. S.C. Jamir, Hon’ble Governor of Odisha on the occasion of the Independence Day-2014 Dear Sisters and Brothers, On this august occasion of 68th Independence Day, I convey my hearty greetings to all of you. I also take this opportunity to express my grief over the sad and unfortunate demise of many in the recent floods and offer my heartfelt condolences to the bereaved families. 2. The day 15th August carries much significance for all of us. On this memorable day, our country got freedom from the shackles of foreign rule after almost 200 years of subjugation. Our struggle for Independence led by Mahatma Gandhi against the British rulers caught the attention of the whole world as it was based on peace and non-violence. The world experienced a new dimension of world peace and understood non-violence as an invincible weapon. Under his able leadership, people from every nook and corner were inspired to plunge into the struggle of freedom leaving their worldly affairs aside. The Nation is also grateful to Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru, Sardar Ballav Bhai Patel, Maulana Abul Kalam Azad, Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose, Saheed Bhagat Singh and scores of patriots, who have shown indomitable courage for the cause of freedom of our Motherland. 3. The people of Odisha were in the forefront during this great National Movement. History bears ample testimony to the invaluable contributions made by great patriots like Jayee Rajguru, Buxi Jagabandhu, Veer Surendra Sai, Saheed Laxman Naik, Raghu-Dibakar and nationalist leaders like Pandit Gopabandhu Das, Utkal Gourav Madhusudan Das, Pandit Nilakantha Das, Acharya Harihar, Maa Ramadevi, Harekrushna Mahtab, Biju Patnaik and many others for their ineffaceable deeds. Today, we memorize their stance with great reverence. On this auspicious occasion, I also pay my sincere tributes to all those who have sacrificed their lives in the service of our Motherland securing for us our long cherished freedom. 4. After Independence, our country as well as our State has made commendable progress in all spheres. Our State Government is consistently making efforts to transform Odisha into a progressive and prosperous State in the country. Development activities are going on in full swing to reduce poverty, ensure increase in per capita income and improve the standard of living of our common people both in urban and rural areas. The State Govt. has focused on Infrastructure Development, which to its consideration, is the key to sustainable and inclusive growth. In this regard, due attention has been given to the socio-economic sector in order to place our State atop. 5. Agriculture continues to be the mainstay of our economy. Hence, the State Govt. is attaching much more importance towards the development of Agriculture and allied sector as well as that of the farming community. To cope with this, a separate agriculture budget has been prepared with special focus on landless agricultural labourers, small and marginal farmers. To make the agricultural loans farmer-friendly, steps are being taken to reduce the interest rate further from 2 %. Apart from this, the farmers affected by the cyclonic storm Phailin, were given special package to compensate their loss. Besides, Health Insurance facility up to Rupees 1 lakh per annum is being provided to 5 members of a farmer/agricultural labourer’s family under ‘Biju Krushak Kalyan Yojana’. As irrigation is the main input for sustaining agricultural activities, the State Government has decided to create additional 10 lakh hectares of irrigation potential in the next five years. 6. Good health of its citizenry is the sign of a healthier society. On this prospect, the State Govt. has been making constant and concerted efforts to formulate and implement schemes to ensure quality health care services through various Programmes like introduction of Emergency Medical Ambulance Services-108, 102 Ambulance service for pregnant and newborns, creation of Odisha State Treatment Fund for extending medical assistance to the poor patients, deployment of Mobile Health Care Units in the backward and tribal-dominated areas and institution of ‘Biju Grameen Swashtya Seva Shibirs’ in the rural areas. 7. Education paves way for a meaningful life. For free and compulsory access to qualitative education, the State Government has taken initiatives like supply of free text- books and uniforms to the students from Class-I to VIII and free bi-cycles to all students of Class-X for their empowerment and to ensure their retention in the educational curriculum. Educational support is also extended to the children of Fishermen and Construction workers. Besides, infrastructure development of ITIs, Diploma and Engineering Colleges has been ensured to meet the requirement of skilled manpower. The State Government has decided to launch ‘Chief Minister’s Employment Generation Scheme’ with an aim to upgrade skills of at least 150 youths from every G.P having link to loan and subsidies thereafter.