VOLUME I-7 1 FALL 2011 n NEWS Flandrau Science

PAGE 6: Center’s newest traveling exhibit. t a time when many Southern Arizona attractions are experiencing a decline in visitors, Biosphere 2’s attendance GeoTourism Initiative Creates Partners in Science A over the past four years has increased nearly 60%—from an all-time low of around 38,000 in 2007 to more than 97,000 in fiscal year 2010. A key to this increase has been strategic brand repositioning, creative marketing and advertising initiatives, and the University of Arizona’s management and now ownership of Biosphere 2. This next fiscal year, two new partnerships between Biosphere 2 and other UA groups and local businesses aim to attract even more visitors to Southern Arizona. First, under the direction of the UA College of Science, UA Science Biosphere 2 and UA Science Mt. Lemmon Skycenter are partnering with the Arizona-Sonora Desert Museum and Kartchner Caverns State Parks to showcase Southern Arizona’s unique scientific and natural wonders. This “Geotourism” initiative will help position Tucson as a destination “Science City.” UA the involves partnership second The Sciences, Life Agriculture, of College Tucson annual 19th the and 2 Biosphere promote will they Together Marathon. the and science education, fitness, health, City” “Science the around environment new of addition the With Marathon. Tucson the mall, campus UA the on events racing allowing weekend, full a cover will event Tucson’s enjoy come to over all from visitors weather. running early-December beautiful, New water oasis

PAGE 4: comes to Biosphere 2. Biosphere 2

PAGE 3: leads multi-institutional $1.35 million grant. n late October of this year, the tour guides and I led 100 sixth- and seventh-grade students from Doolen Middle School on I a tour of Biosphere 2. They were the first visitors to walk out on the catwalk overlooking the LEO (Landscape Evolution Observatory) chamber, as construction had been initiated only the day before. I encouraged the students to reach out and touch the new steel structure, pointing out that this grand experiment was theirs to watch over the next decade; they will be able to return often to take part in the programs and experiments at Biosphere 2 as n LEO gains

Travis Huxman, Director, Biosphere 2 & UA Science: Flandrau We areWe extremely grateful to the Philecology Foundation and CDO Ranching & Development for this amazing opportunity to expand on our vision for transformational science at Biosphere 2 and the University of Arizona. a research asset that no other institution can claim. With these two gifts, the University of Arizona solidifies its position as a leader in the field of earth system science. The donations allow the university to focus the talent of our faculty members across campus on key scientific grand challenges such as climate change, water and energy sustainability, and public scientific literacy. As an institution, we can strategically carry out long-term research in an experimental setting— Biosphere 2 has recently taken another big step forward. On July 1, 2011, the University of Arizona acquired ownership of this unique research facility as a result of two generous gifts: the donation of land and the Biosphere 2 facilities on it by CDO Ranching & Development and $20 million by the Philecology Foundation of Fort Worth, Texas, founded by Bass. Edward Together theyP. provide us the means to do science that cannot be accomplished anywhere else and the support to maintain our research, education activities and operations. they march on their educational journey, and some could even return as research scientists themselves Itone is day. so exciting to discuss the prospects of Biosphere 2 in such long-term language. The faculty and staff have worked terribly hard to construct exciting new experiments like LEO and to build excellence in our program. It feels great to acknowledge their success. Letter from the Director Letter from momentum as steel is delivered to Biosphere 2. INSIDE THIS ISSUE PAGE 2: VOLUME I-7 2 FALL 2011 A parts. Each hillslope will stand on of more than 10,500 individual steel 1 million kilograms and comprised hillslopes, each a steel box weighing LEO ultimately will contain three long steel girders. that opening, along with the 12-meter- equipment must be threaded through the biome. Cranes, trailers, and other through a single door at the end of the entire structure must be guided “building three ships in a bottle,” as undertaking. DeLong compares it to The construction phase is a complex to measure large-scale processes.” to learn how to use new technologies and lead scientist, “we’re just starting DeLong, assistant research professor “As earth scientists,” said Steve system science. solve “grand challenges” in earth experimental structure that will help will, over the next year, create an of implementation and design that represents the culmination of years three hillslopes. This construction become the skeleton for the first of The steel columns and girders will place, creating the first hillslope. the bones of the landscape will fall into bolts and enormous pins. Over time, snapping it all together using one-inch structure using 12-meter beams, construction workers will “box” the Once the first columns are bolted, 4,500 kilograms. by truck, some weighing as much as of green-painted steel have arrived 2. Already, more than a dozen pieces Evolution Observatory at Biosphere first columns for the Landscape workers have begun to erect the fter years of anticipation, steel Construction of LEO Is Underway Is LEO of Construction Featured Research the soil. Initially, the structures will be flows, evaporates and is transpired from structure as rain falls, and as water changes in the massive weight of each cell sensors that will measure subtle The sensor list also includes load semiarid ecosystems.” ecosystem function, particularly in the entire story, and often mis-estimate ecosystem models that do not capture analyses and would also feed a host of our own carbon and water budget knowledge would directly feed into mesocosm experiment noted, “That an assistant research professor with the soil material. As Greg Barron-Gafford, carbon dioxide sensors within the LEO designing and installing specialized helped define the best methods for called the mesquite/grass mesocosms a small-scale project in Biosphere 2 of this special project. For example, have been refined to meet the needs will be off-the-shelf products that custom-made for the project; others movement. Some of these sensors are use of chemical tracers to study water geochemical processes, and for the water and gas allows for the study of carbon and energy cycling. Sampling densely-spaced measurements of water, water and gas samplers, allowing for individual sensors and over 500 Each hillslope will contain over 1,000 leaving a mark on the soil surface. will provide researchers access without designed personnel transporter that each hillslope will include a custom- depth of one meter. Once completed, will slope 10 degrees and have a “soil” Biosphere 2 project). Each structure Biome (IAB, the farm for the original the former Intensive Agricultural fixed by steel plates to the floor of 10 columns nearly a half-meter thick, a new experimental space. transformation of the former-IAB into that will show the public the project includes three live webcams b2science.org posts under the LEO webpage ( as well as photographs and blog YouTube and posted to Facebook, and Twitter, videosshort through social media, including Facebook component that incorporates LEO project includes an outreach Along with the construction, the elements during future climatic shifts. this will help researchers evaluate these evolve with the topography. Together researchers see how these elements co- Adding biological systems will help aquifers, where we can use it.” through the landscape into rivers and the processes by which water moves DeLong said, “LEO will help us model a research technician who worked with through landscapes. Brendan Murphy, water, energy, and carbon move models, helping to understand how natural resources to refine computer resources; atmospheric sciences; and geosciences; hydrology and water ecology and evolutionary biology; water and environmental science; several disciplines including soil, of sensors will allow researchers from The data gathered from the wealth the water, carbon, and energy cycles. evaluate how biological systems affect mesquites and grasses, to carefully researchers introduce plants, such as this material will become a soil as Crater near Flagstaff, AZ. Over time, rock that erupted from Merriam nothing more than ground volcanic covered with“soil,” which is actually ). Additionally, the n leo. VOLUME I-7 3 FALL 2011 n Where science lives. he Strategic Environmental ResearchDevelopment and DepartmentU.S. Program,a $1.35 Million ProjectWill Study Environmental ofFate New Munitions T of Defense (DoD) environmentalof Defense (DoD) program,science and technology is funding a new $1.35-millon, 3-year project titled “Dissolution Insensitive of NTO, DNAN and Munitions Formulations and NTO and Their Fates in Soils.” DNAN are explosive compounds designed to replace RDX and are These compounds TNT. more than traditional stable explosives and do not explode when heated, dropped or hit by a bullet. DoD is developing insensitive munitions to alleviate safety risks associated with handling traditional explosives. This project seeks to evaluate the environmental fate of these new munitions constituents. The goal of the project is to measure the dissolution, photo- degradation, soil adsorption properties and transport of DNAN, NTO, and insensitive munitions formulations that contain them. This project was developed by Katerina Dontsova at Biosphere 2, in collaboration with Mark Brusseau at the and Environmental Soil, Water Science department UA, at as well as several government partners, including Susan at the Engineer Research Taylor and Development Center, Cold Regions Research and Rose Engineering Laboratory, Pesce-Rodriguez at the Army and Jiri Research Laboratory, Simunek at the University of California, Riverside. “This is an exciting opportunity to be able to assess the environmental burden that new compounds may present as they are being developed, before significant contamination occurs,” said Dontsova. The scale model of LEO designed by the UA College of Architecture and Landscape Architecture. Inside the biome, a crane guides the first girder into place. Grinding steel, a worker from Parsons Steel Builders fabricates new steel pieces for the LEO structure. VOLUME I-7 4 FALL 2011 Kolby Jardine at Biosphere 2 recently scientists led by assistant professor publication in damage. In work just accepted for and bacteria attack, and mechanical as drought, high temperatures, insect induced by climate change effects such during stress, which in plants is often free radicals dramatically increases In all organisms, the production of produced during metabolism. oxygen species are unfortunately food, free radicals and other reactive oxygen to generate usable energy from Although plants and animals need toxic to life in high concentrations. proteins, and fats and therefore are biological components like DNA, with (oxidize) and destroy important normal metabolism. They rapidly react of oxygen that are produced during radicals are extremely reactive forms oxidation damage over time. Free their cells accumulate free radical T Damage Stress-Induced From Protection Own Their Produce Plants B through an international collaboration aninternational through 2exhibitisprovided Biosphere 2,000 years.Fundingforthe than formore Oman region andagricultural useinthe religious, water tothevillagesfordomestic, springs; systemsofthemhavebrought or channel thattapsgroundwater is agentlysloping,underground water systemusedinOman.Afalaj 2thatillustrates thefalaj Biosphere New Water Oasis Exhibit Coming to Biosphere 2 Biosphere to Coming Exhibit Oasis Water New Hassan Hijazi, Director of External Affairs, UA Science, Biosphere 2. Biosphere Science, UA Affairs, External and of Center; Director Cultural Hijazi, Qaboos Hassan Sultan Habib General, Excellency Secretary His Al-Riyami, Sciences; M. Planetary and Lunar Smith, Peter Professor humans and plants, age because states that organisms, including he free-radical of agingtheory and outdoorwaterexhibitat anindoor $298,000 toconstruct wasawarded 2recently iosphere Global Change Biology , by developinganewhighlysensitive whole-ecosystem scale.Theydidthis antioxidants attheleaf,branch,and radicalscavenging by intense free isassociatedwith stress temperature Amazon, scientistsshowedthathigh- andBrazilian the SonoranDesert 2andfield studiesin at Biosphere biome rainforest Using thetropical the ozone (Fig. 1). when isoprene is added together with visibly damaged (oxidized) but not producing plants become leaves of non-isoprene under high ozone levels, components. For example, to protect important plant with free radicals in order themselves by reacting isoprene that sacrifice gaseous antioxidants like a safer place, they produce plants cannot simply walk to radical damage. Because strategy for minimizing free have devised a unique demonstrated that plants key componentsofthefalajsystem of April 2013,willincludeareplica exhibit, scheduledtoopeninlate thewinningone.The to determine partners evaluated bytheproject’s four finaldesigns;thesewillbe thedesignsand selected reviewed oasis-like exhibit.Apanelofexperts submitted fantasticdesignsofthe program Landscape Architecture Teams UA’s ofstudentsfrom the SultanQaboosCulturalCenter. with theSultanateofOmanthrough Architecture and Landscape Architecture, presenting their design. their presenting Architecture, of Landscape College UA and of students Architecture Melnick, James and Radcliffe-Meyers Lori Figure 1: (1) Ozone (2) Ozone + isoprene (Loreto et al., 2001, 2001, al., et Physiology). (Loreto Plant isoprene + Ozone (2) Ozone (1) 1: Figure Isoprene protects plants from ozone damage. damage. ozone from plants protects Isoprene strategy forplants. adaptation highlights animportant thisstudy adapted plants.Therefore, damage andevendeathinpoorly radical inextensive free that canresult levels ofstresses exposed toincreasing expected tobe change, plantsare globalclimateandlanduse With plantsasgases. from released thatare oxidation products to detecttheantioxidantsand technique based on mass spectrometry Southwest desert. Southwest desert. the UniversityofArizonaand of thefalajanditsconnectionto socialandculturalcomponents rooted and management,aswellthedeeply Oman’s historicwaterinfrastructure University ofArizonawhowilladdress Omanandthe from include experts falaj exhibit.Thesymposiumwill to celebratetheopeningof A watersymposiumisbeingplanned systems inourSouthwestdesert. and describehowittiesintothewater n n VOLUME I-7 5 FALL 2011 n . Where science lives. www.b2science.org/earth/ On October 24th, 2011 tour guide Claudio Gilardini celebrated 20 years of service to Biosphere 2. He estimates that he has given approximately 10,000 tours serving in excess of 150,000 visitors. His accomplishment was celebrated with a party and the presentation of a watch bearing the University of Arizona logo. Claudio wears the shirt he first used 20 years ago when he began giving tours. For more information about the program, please see: outreach/society Selection for the Science and Society Fellows program is highly competitive and comes with a $3,000 award as well as a small budget for materials for creating the permanent display. “It’s exciting to work with these young scientists as they learn to engage the public in a variety of ways,” said Matt Adamson, Biosphere 2 Education and Outreach Coordinator. “Historically, young scientists have, of course, learned to communicate with others in their profession, but little thought was given to how they should engage broad audiences. give We them a stage to practice doing this in a variety of ways. This type of communication will be of critical importance during their careers as competition for grants increases.” spring 2012. campus training seminars, and working with experts to develop strategies and products (such as kiosks or kiosk content, animations, and hands-on activities) that communicate core concepts and results of their research to a broad audience. The end result will be a permanent display to be unveiled in early Biosphere 2 as a setting for training and outreach related to the fellows’ own research programs. “Working in collaboration with Biosphere 2 and the National Phenology Network through the Science and Society Fellows program gave me a practical outlet for my own research interests that focuses on youth-driven community problem-solving using STEM-based tools. It also opened up doors for opportunities to continue bringing UA research and science to the public,” said Kristin Wisneski, a 2010-2011 Fellow and graduate student in the School of Natural Resources and the Environment. “I was especially grateful to link up with the AZ K-12 STEM Center's teacher's conference on climate change and technology in the classroom, where 125 Arizona teachers were introduced to climate- related science, including phenology, oceanography, and renewable energy.” Fellows devote at least three Saturdays during the academic year to giving public outreach presentations at Biosphere 2 and explaining their own research to visitors. Fellows create press releases for their public presentations and spend approximately 10 hours per month on individual blogs, on- ith the beginning of the academic year, another cadre of Science and

Fellows are highly qualified University of Arizona graduate students, primarily in the fields of ecology, earth, and environmental sciences with active research projects, who are funded to develop skills, strategies and products that communicate their research to the public. The goals of the program are to 1) increase the skills of the fellows in communicating their research outside an academic setting; and 2) advance the understanding of scientific information and the scientific process to members of the general public. The program uses Society Fellows at Biosphere 2 began a year-long journey toward mastering techniques of educating the public about science research. Mindy Butterworth and Lily House- Peters, PhD students in the School of Geography and Development; Melissa Merrick, a PhD student in the School of Natural Resources and the Environment; Matthew Pailes, a PhD student in the School of Anthropology; and Marielle Smith, a PhD student in the Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology make up this year’s cohort, which is the fourth group since the University of Arizona began operating the facility. L-R: Melissa Merrick, Matthew Pailes, Lily ButterworthHouse-Peters, andMindy Marielle Smith.

Science Communication Skills W 2011-2012 Science and Society Fellows Aim to Develop VOLUME I-7 6 FALL 2011 of climate change. records of which document the effects and model dozens of plant species, the of Tumamoc Hill, where scientists track Science now oversees the management The University of Arizona College of and a U.S. Archaeological District. U.S. National Historical Landmark ecological reservation is now both a Board of Regents, the 860-acre Purchased in the 1950s by the Arizona in 1907). restoration ecology project (begun plots (1906) and and the world's first the world’s oldest permanent study studies emerged, as well as nine of of physiological ecology and arid land Hill in 1903, from which the sciences the Desert Laboratory on Tumamoc The Carnegie Institution established any other desert site worldwide. scientific experiments—longer than at been the site of continuously-running For more than a century, it has also dwelled upon for thousands of years. foraged and farmed, drawn upon and desert history. Tumamoc Hill has been bearing more than 2,500 years of I Visitors Hill Tumamoc Educate Docents Walking A Science of Side Bright The Gas: a It’s about innovative atmospheric and exhibits, guests will enjoy exhibits In addition to the interactive to college students and snowbirds. visitors of all ages, from kids and families you skyward, “It’s A Gas” will fascinate a giant helium balloon that will tug dazzling collection of neon lights, and Featuring twelve interactive exhibits, a December. on October 1 and runs through affect our lives. The exhibit opened in our atmosphere and how they filled way to learn about the gases Bright Side of Science,” offers a fun- traveling exhibit, “It’s A Gas: The Flandrau Science Center’s newest family-friendly activities. refuge and a cultural landscape, lies a place that is both a natural n the midst of metropolitan Tucson gases with fun, informative, exhibit explores the science of new Flandrau Science Center “public architecture,” the hilltop rock Visitors can learn about Tucson’s first fellow walkers. knowledge and love of the hill with residents, and docents share their popular hiking destination for Tucson research center, Tumamoc Hill is a and archaeology. Aside from being a cultural landscape and its ecology Arizona researchers about Tumamoc’s received training from University of began in April 2011. Docents Hill, a Walking Docent program and scientific resources of Tumamoc Tucson community about the natural In an effort to educate the greater as citizen scientists. and naturalist writers, as well scientists, humanities scholars involving natural and social term ecological reflection, inquiries, termed long- collective, interdisciplinary It is the first desert site for in an urban environment. ecology and its inhabitants and education of desert conservation, research, recognized center for become an internationally Tumamoc Hill aims to to understand the chemistry, biology, provides an exciting and accessible way and climate, and our natural world, Learning about the role of gases in life historic neon scavenger hunt. sign coloring books for the kids, and a historic neon walking tour guide, neon neon – images, history, a new Tucson has a great introduction to Tucson’s these classic signs and the exhibit The Foundation is working to restore to celebrate Tucson’s neon heritage. Historical Preservation Foundation Center has teamed up with the Tucson neon signs, and the Flandrau Science Tucson is famous for its historic so popular in the 1940s and 1950s. make the glowing signs that were its unique properties enable us to will also learn about neon, and why the University of Arizona. Visitors biochemical research going on at Bourbon, and Jackie Day. Jackie and Angelita Bourbon, Hanby, Jennette Zapata, Josie Price, L-R: row Leondra Back Parker. Lindsey and Towne, Terry Sandra Hensen, Steinbrecher, Barry Serrano, Carlos L-R: row Front Mesmer Tube. the Mesmer by mesmerized are alike adults and Kids urban environment. desert ecology and its inhabitants in an research, and education about the recognized center for conservation, University of Arizona an internationally Tumamoc Hill helps make the surrounding desert landscape. animal interactions occurring in the also relate stories about plant- about 4,000 years ago. Docents built by the ancient Hohokam people walls and terraces, known as trincheras, Pelletier ( tumamoc.wordpress.com Walking Docent? Visit our blog: Interested in becoming a Tumamoc Hill Flandrau visit visit Flandrau Science: UA about more and information, parking rates, admission hours, exhibit For opening exhibit! neon signs in this bright, buoyant, eye- restoration of Tucson’s world-famous them in their research, and about the scientists at the U of A study and use learn about the science of gases, how every day. It’s a Gas is a great way to and physics that play out in our lives [email protected] www.flandrau.org n n or email Pamela www. . ) today! VOLUME I-7 7 FALL 2011 n Where science lives. continued Adamson. “Because of this, this, of “Because Adamson. continued K-12 400 than more served have we three nearly over state-wide teachers years.” proficient stay teachers Helping and subjects STEM teaching in is educators as them reinvigorating success, future nation’s our to critical number any “Look, Adamson. said have years 20 last the over studies of eroding children’s’ our documented and science in competitiveness an is ACST nationwide. fields math the in educators good keep to attempt need they tools the all with classroom of citizens productive the teach best to tomorrow.” Teacher participants test their solar ovensengineering-themed at the March 2011 ACST short course. Researchers from Veolia and the University of Arizona converge on Biosphere 2. program,” said said program,” Adamson, Matt and Education B2 Coordinator Outreach day-to-day and ACST. of manager early charge “Our simple: was on high- provide to applicable quality, professional STEM that development immediately be can the in implemented think We classroom. but that, done we’ve importantly, more agency, funding our Foundation Science success.” our with thrilled is Arizona, through 2008 in created was ACST Foundation Science from grant a the from funds matching with Arizona are funds The Foundation. Philecology programs, and content provide to used teachers for cost the cover to also and receiving to addition In participate. to and content science cutting-edge the receive teachers pedagogy, teaching supplies any and meals, housing, course. the for needed that start the from apparent was “It of cost the eliminating or defraying to able be to essential was attendance possible,” as teachers many as impact n

rizona Center for Center rizona (ACST), Teachers STEM teacher 2’s Biosphere

his past spring, researchers from the Veolia Environnement Foundation, a French nonprofit organization, came to Biosphere 2 to meet with

STEMTeachers Short Course Planned for November “With this short course, we are are we course, short this “With what of year full third the completing regarded highly a be to out turned has development professional teacher The ACST 2011 Fall Short Course is is Course Short Fall 2011 ACST The inquiry-based teachers give to designed for activities and strategies teaching upon based are that classrooms their of propositions core five the of two Professional of Board National the think teachers 1) Standards: Teaching and practice their about systematically teachers 2) and experience, from learn communities. learning of members are professional development program, will will program, development professional 18- November course short fall its hold summer ACST former Forty-one 20. invited been have participants institute “Tiers program, weekend the for back of Practices Best Implementation: of Participants K-8.” – Inquiry Science learned of application explore will research- into delve and concepts further to practices teaching based STEM effective as development their and engineering, technology, (science, Additionally, teachers. mathematics) share will educators and researchers B2 hands- promote and knowledge their through applications classroom on, content engaging and interactive sessions. University of Arizona researchers and discuss their mutual interests in improving ecosystem management and protecting the environment, particularly in semi-arid areas. take To advantage of this unique opportunity, UA researchers convened a workshop entitled Science“Water, and Engineering: Perspectives on Water Science and Grand Challenges” at Biosphere 2. Six sessions were held, addressing a unifying theme of identifying social actions to ensure sustainable water and energy management. Topics included developing theory and tools that predict the availability of water for both society and nature; water capture, treatment, use and reuse; environmental education and awareness of water conservation; optimal usage and biodiversity; and evaluation of the impact of human activities on the environment. T French Researchers Explore Synergies with andUA Biosphere 2 A VOLUME I-7 8 FALL 2011 www.b2science.org 520.626.4092 Affairs External UA/B2 of Office the by Developed 85721 Arizona Tucson, 210158-B Box PO Avenue Park N. 845 526 Suite Building, Marshall Campus 2/UA Biosphere 85623 Arizona Oracle Road Biosphere S. 32540 2 Biosphere involved inanyofthefollowingways: hope youwillconsiderbecoming choices.Wehelps usmakeinformed andthe sciencethat our environment about depends onpeoplewhocare 2’scutting-edge work Biosphere Help How YouCan Spanish Researcher Burghelea Visits Biosphere 2 driven mineral weathering, where her background will be beneficial.very with Katerina Dontsova and Dragos Zaharescu on research related to biologically- sample preparation for trace and major element analysis. Burghelea will be working sample collection strategies, statistics, morphometrics, and sediment and biological mobilization under recent climate change. Her research approaches include field through the use of fluctuating asymmetry. She has also worked on trace element environmental stress, such as from landscape, pollution and climate, on biota in biota-environment interactions, with emphasis on quantifying the effects of 2. 1.

the human habitat area, where where the humanhabitatarea, hour andtakeyouthrough Tours one lastapproximately Thanksgiving andChristmas. 9:00to4:00except from day We openevery are Take 2. atour ofBiosphere webcam. live our through research ongoing our of some see You can dome. the under place taking projects research more Learn about the many many the about D arid and mountain landscapes. She is particularly interested regarding ecological, biological and geochemical processes in ecology and biogeochemistry, Burghelea researches questions to fund her research at Biosphere 2. With a focus on morphology, November. She obtained a scholarship from her home institution will be visiting Biosphere 2 for four months starting this and Animal Biology at the University of Vigo, Spain r. Carmen Burghelea, from the Department of Ecology 4. 3.

ones, or participate in physics physics in participate or ones, live handle and insects for appreciation new a gain tour, birding on-site an through Southwest the in species bird about Learn science! in experience hands-on a for Saturday Science a Attend work. our support and you for benefits provide that membership of levels different many are member. a Become working onsite. scientists talk withresearch also haveachancetomeetand each ofthebiomes.You will Biospherians lived,andthrough There There n and ShipherdReed. Kolby Jardine,RickNeter,PamelaPelletier Hijazi, TravisHuxman,PaulIngram, Demange, KaterinaDontsova,Hassan Candace Crossey,SteveDeLong,Francis John Adams,MattAdamson,NateAllen, Newsletter andphotocontributors: www.B2science.org website: our visit above, the of any on information more For 5. electric lighting. electric for need the reduce also drastically can of, lot a has 2 Biosphere something windows, Of course, chains. store electronic and improvement home at available easily now are technologies other and sensors, occupancy panels, control Lighting to lighting. goes buildings commercial used in electricity of 40% and used, energy all of 72% for account buildings States, United the In Tip Sustainability

through urban environments. urban through moves water how show that demonstrations and activities matters most to you. you. to most matters that project research or activity 2 Biosphere the to designated be can and appreciated is donation. a Make . Any gift gift Any