Major in Music Admissibility and Possible Scholarship

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Major in Music Admissibility and Possible Scholarship The Performed Audition Preparing to The Three Parts of an Audition The performed audition is perhaps the single most important factor in determining Major in Music admissibility and possible scholarship. In addition to the admission requirements for Although music admissions teams consider in College all prospective college students (high school teacher recommendations, musical experience transcripts, SAT or ACT scores, etc.) almost and accomplishments, in most cases, much of all college music major programs require an the evaluation comes down to the “Here and Audition Information audition which typically consists of three parts: Now” of how well a student performs – how for well they present themselves musically and • the Performed Audition on the major professionally on the day of the audition. Guidance Counselors, instrument (or voice) Several key factors can contribute to a Music Teachers, • a Theory Test successful college music audition. and • a Sight Singing Test. • Select and develop audition repertoire Prospective Students. It is important for prospective music majors to early – in the sophomore or junior year prepare for all three parts of the audition if possible. process. This pamphlet has been prepared in • Strictly adhere to each school’s order to assist prospective students in their Prepared by: audition guidelines and requirements. college audition preparations. • Choose repertoire that demonstrates The New York State Association playing in a variety of styles and moods of College Music Programs (up-tempo technical piece vs. slower more lyrical piece) to show depth and from a workshop given at the Winter Private Study range of ability. Conference of NYSSMA, 2003 by: • Choose repertoire that is appropriate to It is generally unrealistic to expect that the level of the student. An easier Adrian Daly, Eastman School of Music, participation in high school music programs piece played well is much better than a University of Rochester alone will adequately prepare students for a more difficult piece played poorly. college music major. Most successful • Choose an opening piece that the applicants to college music programs have Glenn Guiles, Crane School of Music, student can play confidently that shows studied privately. It is important that the SUNY Potsdam, off the student’s strengths. private teacher(s) prepare the student in • Practice fundamentals – effective performance, theory and sight singing. Townsend Plant, School of Music warm-up routines and practice habits. Ithaca College Students can also prepare for the theory and ear training parts of the audition by working • Prepare scales and arpeggios. James Tapia, Setnor School of Music, through music software or visiting on-line • Practice sight-reading so you are sources such as www.musictheory.net prepared to sight-read at the audition. Syracuse University The importance of sight-reading is often underestimated by students in This brochure may be duplicated without change as preparing for auditions. needed. The Theory and Sight Singing Tests Tips For The Audition Day • Don’t worry about little mistakes in the audition. If mistakes happen, just move Schools vary in the level of importance they • Schedule your audition early in the on. It is the big picture that is place on these tests at the time of the audition. audition year/cycle. Many schools important, and the audition committee Some schools administer extensive theory and make admission and scholarship is not expecting a perfect performance; sight singing exams, while others do just one decisions on a rolling basis (after each they are measuring potential. or the other. audition day) and those who audition • Be prepared to play parts of pieces, not early get first consideration. always starting from the beginning. Music Admissions teams recognize that the • Perform mock auditions – run through Audition committees will occasionally level of music theory offerings varies widely the audition repertoire several times only ask for sections of pieces. from high school to high school. Nevertheless, before you actually audition at schools. • Enjoy the experience as much as it is important for each student to prepare for • You are probably auditioning at several possible, and treat the audition like the Theory and Sight Singing tests by: schools. Space the auditions at each another opportunity to share your art. school well enough to allow adequate This too will come through in the • Working with the private teacher on time for travel and rest between audition. theory, ear training and sight singing. auditions. • Getting other outside help. • Submit all application and • Working through basic music theory supplementary music materials to the software either purchased separately, or music admission and college admission A Special Note about Taped Auditions done online. offices as early as possible in the senior year, but no later than the audition day Distance from a given school, timing issues, or The student should be prepared to: itself. Observe all deadlines carefully. budgetary limitations can make it difficult for • read both treble and bass clefs. • Arrive at the school the day before the students to audition in person at every school. • identify intervals and triads both on audition if possible in order to get a Though in-person auditions are always better, paper and heard. good night’s rest and be fresh the a well-prepared taped audition can be a fine • demonstrate the ability to match pitches following day for the audition. alternative. Schools have varying ways in by singing notes played on the piano. • Arrive early the day of the audition and which they accept taped auditions (some prefer • sing a major scale (with or without warm-up, but be careful to not play too video while some take CDs, etc.), and students solfege). much before the audition. should prepare their recordings carefully • be able to sight sing a short, simple • Be 10 to 15 minutes early to the according to these guidelines. It is extremely melody. designated audition space. important that taped auditions follow the same • perform simple rhythms accurately. • Bring a copy of your resume for the requirements as live auditions, and that auditioning committee, even if you recordings are clearly labeled with their Instrumentalists should not be concerned have already submitted one with your contents. Include a resume with your about the quality of their voice as much as application. recording. pitch and rhythmic accuracy. Poor or non- • Remember that the audition starts the existent basic theory and aural skills could minute you enter the audition room, not keep a strong player or singer from being when you begin playing the repertoire. accepted. Students should get precise • Dress appropriately, speak confidently information on what is expected from each and respectfully, smile and make eye school to which they are applying. contact with the adjudicators. .
Recommended publications
  • SYRACUSE UNIVERSITY SYRACUSE on the Cover: the City of Syracuse As Seen from the Glassed-In Stairwell of the Martin J
    2005-2006 SYRACUSE UNIVERSITY On the cover: The City of Syracuse as seen from the glassed-in stairwell of the Martin J. Whitman School of Management. A twilight view of Marshall Street. Syracuse University: An integral part of the Central New York economy With more than 10,000 full- and part-time Taxes and Fees to Local Governments As a major destination for visitors from employees, Syracuse University is among the Sales Tax Collected for Local Gov’t. (4%) $ 1,071,808 throughout the United States and around area’s top employers. It is also a major consumer: Street Closure Fee 338,000 Water and Sewer 694,152 In 2006, SU spent $302 million on goods and the world, Syracuse University drew more Sewer Usage Charges 648,333 services in the region, including $112 million in Property Taxes (calendar year 2005)* 351,637 than 1.1 million people to the Central New Onondaga County alone. In addition, the University Dome Events Surcharge 100,000 and its employees paid more than $84 million in Calendar Year Payment to City of Syracuse York area in 2006. These visitors spent federal, state, and local taxes and fees. for Dome Traffi c Control 47,811 approximately $164 million to attend SU Total: $ 3,251,741 PAYMENTS AND TAXES (2005-06) Grand Total Federal, State, athletic events, academic programs, plays, and Local Taxes and Fees $ 84,210,639 Federal and State concerts, art exhibitions, lectures, and FICA (Employee and SU Share) $ 34,838,832 *Property taxes do not include the following University-affi liated operations: Federal Income Tax Withheld 33,091,233 Sheraton Syracuse University Hotel conferences.
    [Show full text]
  • Robin K. Padilla [email protected] | (716) 628-2445
    8250 Elaine Circle | Liverpool, NY 13090 Robin K. Padilla [email protected] | (716) 628-2445 EDUCATION DEGREES Syracuse University 2016 College of Visual and Performing Arts Setnor School of Music Master of Music, Piano Performance State University of New York at Fredonia 2013 Fredonia School of Music Bachelor of Music, Music Education Instrumental Concentration GRADUATE AWARDS Civic Morning Musicals Performance Award 2016 Graduate Assistantship 2014 - 2016 UNDERGRADUATE AWARDS Magna Cum Laude 2013 Anthony S. Strychalski Memorial Scholarship 2012 - 2013 Fredonia Dean’s Scholar Award 2009 - 2013 Juliet J. Rosch Endowment 2009 - 2013 Claudette Sorel Piano Scholarship 2009 - 2013 Dean’s List 2009 - 2012 SUNY Fredonia Honors Award 2009 - 2010 PRIVATE MUSIC STUDIES Annie Laver, organ – Syracuse, NY 2015 - 2016 Ida Tili-Trebicka, piano – Syracuse, NY 2014 - 2016 Mary Handley, piano – Amherst, NY 2013 - 2014 Anne Kissel, piano – Fredonia, NY 2009 - 2012 Marc Guy, horn – Fredonia, NY 2010 - 2011 Matt Michaud, guitar – Lockport, NY 2008 - 2009 Jennifer Koplas, piano – Lockport, NY 1999 - 2009 Ron LoCurto, guitar – Lockport, NY 2005 - 2008 MASTER CLASSES Molly Morkoski, piano – Syracuse, NY 2016 William Wolfram, piano – Fredonia, NY 2012 Helen Sung, jazz piano – Fredonia, NY 2012 David Cartledge, piano – Fredonia, NY 2011 Stephen Spooner, piano – Fredonia, NY 2010 Chen Hung-Kuan, piano – Fredonia, NY 2010 Padilla CV, page 1 TEACHING CERTIFICATIONS Orff Schulwerk Level II 2018 Orff Schulwerk Level I 2017 NYS Initial Certification in Music, grades K-12 2013 AWARDS Orleans/Niagara BOCES Partnership Recognition Award 2014 Newfane Learning Center – Newfane, NY MUSIC TEACHING Piano Instructor 2013 - present Independent Piano Studio – piano lessons (2013 - present) YMCA of Greater Syracuse – piano lessons (2015 - 2017) Music Teacher – Fulton CSD – Fulton, NY 2016 - 2019 Fulton Junior High School – 7-8 chorus Lanigan Elementary School – 5-6 chorus | K-6 general music Summer Music Teacher – Peaceful Schools – Syracuse, NY 2016 H.W.
    [Show full text]
  • VPA Enews Template
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Syracuse University Research Facility and Collaborative Environment What’s new and what’s next: VPA is welcoming alumni back to campus for Orange Central Homecoming + Reunion, showing the work of its graduate painting students, winning awards for faculty artwork, and hosting an alumni reception in Chicago. August/September 2009 1_Top stories VPA welcomes alumni back to campus Oct. 1-4 for Orange Central Homecoming + Reunion events_The college will host several events as part of Syracuse University‟s celebration, including a printmaking exhibition and tribute to the late Professor Bruce Manwaring; an organ recital with Don Ingram ‟54 in Setnor Auditorium; an iron pour and open studios at Comstock Art Facility (ComArt); “Back to Class” alumni panels in communication and rhetorical studies and music education; an all- college reception; and a breakfast with Dean Ann Clarke. Find VPA event details on our alumni events page and visit the Orange Central web site for more University events and information, including details on the “One-on-One” conversation with VPA alumni Frank Langella ‟59 and Ted Koppel ‟60 H‟82. Art photography instructor curates large- scale public art installation featuring work by Syracuse City School District students_Stephen Mahan, who teaches in the School of Art and Design‟s Department of Transmedia, created and curated „The Best Part of Us,” an installation of large-scale digital photographs by students from Syracuse‟s Franklin Magnet School of the Arts and Fowler and Nottingham high schools. The work was mounted this summer on the Case Supply Building in Syracuse.
    [Show full text]
  • VPA Enews Template
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Syracuse University Research Facility and Collaborative Environment What’s new and what’s next: VPA is announcing the 2011 VPA Scholars, hosting a lecture by a renowned art educator, singing in the National Men’s Honor Choir, and running a custom woodworking business. January/February 2011 1_Top stories Twelve outstanding seniors named VPA Scholars_The College of Visual and Performing Arts has announced that 12 seniors have been named VPA Scholars, the college’s highest undergraduate academic honor. Students are selected based on academic performance, creative/scholarly work, and service to the college and the community. The scholars will be recognized at VPA’s annual convocation ceremony, scheduled for Saturday, May 14, at 7 p.m. in the Carrier Dome. Read more and view the list of scholars. Stephen Talasnik named college’s inaugural Sandra Kahn Alpert Visiting Artist_The Sandra Kahn Alpert Visiting Artist Endowed Fund was established by Alpert, a 1945 alumna of VPA, and her husband, Clement Alpert, to bring leading artists and designers to campus for the purpose of engaging in direct interaction with art and design students and faculty. Talasnik, a New York City-based artist, will work with master of fine arts candidates in the Department of Art’s Graduate Seminar and present a public lecture on April 12. Read more. Image: work by Stephen Talasnik Setnor School of Music students, faculty to present New York City concert “A Setnor Sampler”_A program of classic and contemporary works as well as jazz and improvisation will be presented on Friday, January 28, at 8 p.m.
    [Show full text]
  • 9629 Filmfest Program.Indd
    FILM IN SYRACUSE 1 FILM IN SYRACUSE Special Letter From The Artistic Director, Owen Shapiro PEACE AND SOCIAL JUSTICE is the focus of this year’s Syracuse International Film Festival. In 2009 Le Moyne College initiated a festival showcase of films dealing with the theme of Peace and Social Justice, and since that time has sponsored and hosted this showcase. In 2012 this theme takes on even greater significance in light of the death of Bassel Shahade, a Graduate student in Syracuse University’s College of Visual and Performing Arts’ Film Program. Bassel was killed while training citizen journalists in his home country of Syria to document with video what was happening there. Bassel’s love for his people and desire to help them fight for political, social, and economic freedom led to his decision to take a leave from his studies in Syracuse. Bassel’s honesty, personal integrity, and love for peace and opportunity were acutely felt by all who knew him. He was a model fighter for peace and social justice. Peace and Social Justice when seen in terms of the individual’s right to equal opportunity and respect regardless of economic class, race, gender, sexual orientation, nationality or religion also must include a person’s physical and/or mental abilities or disabilities. In this sense, peace and social justice includes another long-standing feature of our festival - Imaging Disability in Film, a program created by the School of Education at Syracuse University. Peace and Social Justice is about equality, fairness, and equal opportunity, basic values of all major religions and of all democratic societies.
    [Show full text]
  • C:\Users\Hrishikesh\Desktop\SCIS News for March 22Nd.Htm
    Syracuse University March 22nd, 2013 Visit us at: international.syr.edu Events at the Slutzker Center for International Services Want to be a mentor? March 22nd, 2013 Our Connections Program is hiring Mentors for paid positions to help newly-arrived undergraduate international students with their adjustment on campus. Students who are interested in working with new undergraduate international students in an intensive support program are encouraged to review the job description on our website here and fill out the application form. Applications accepted until March 22nd, 2013. Events at Syracuse University 11th Annual WISE Symposium April 16, 2013 Women Igniting the Spirit of Entrepreneurship (WISE) will bring powerhouse entrepreneurial guest speakers to the 11th annual WISE Symposium on Tuesday, April 16 at the Oncenter in Syracuse, N.Y. The event runs from 9 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. and features a jam-packed day of inspiring activities, speakers and networking. More than 1,000 attendees are anticipated. Attendees may register for an all-inclusive, all-day ticket for $85, or may choose to register only for the afternoon expo for $30. Registration for full-time students is $20. To register, visit wise2013.eventbrite.com, or contact Wickham at [email protected] or 315-443-3550. For detailed info on Symposium please read the full article on Syracuse News. Iran's Upcoming Presidential Elections: Should We Hold Our Breath? March 25, 4pm Middle Eastern Studies Program Presents a lecture on ‘Iran's Upcoming Presidential Elections: Should We Hold Our Breath?’ which will be presented by Professor Sussan Siavoshi. She is the Una Cox Chapman Professor and Chair of the Political Science Department at Trinity University in San Antonio, Texas.
    [Show full text]
  • 1590128335Phpxkxirw.Pdf
    Knowledge crowns those who seek her. 1 Quick Facts Location Top Rankings Main campus is in Syracuse, New York, with #1 graduate school of public affairs U.S. centers in New York City, Los Angeles and The University’s Maxwell School is recognized by U.S. News Washington, D.C.; six study abroad centers & World Report as the #1 graduate school of public affairs —and is home to undergraduate social sciences majors. around the world. #53 National University Undergraduate Enrollment 2019 U.S. News & World Report 15,000+ students (including 1,500+ transfer #51 Best Value School students) representing 92 countries. 2019 U.S. News & World Report #4 Architecture Majors 2019 DesignIntelligence 200 academic programs/100 minors within #3 Communications and Journalism 10 schools and colleges. 2019 College Factual Student-to-Faculty Ratio #10 Most Represented College on Broadway 2018-2019 Playbill 15 to 1 #4 Education Liberal Arts 2019 College Factual The College of Arts and Sciences is the heart of #4 Human Development and Family Studies the Syracuse liberal arts experience—and home 2019 College Factual to one-third of the undergraduate student body. #15 Entrepreneurship 2019 U.S. News & World Report Average Class Size #22 Film 26 (Nearly 60 percent of undergraduate classes 2018 The Hollywood Reporter have fewer than 20 students.) Visit syracuse.edu/facts to learn more! Current Alumni More than a quarter of a million alumni representing 170+ countries and territories. Average Starting Salary $53,772 1 Majors and Minors Majors Syracuse’s schools and colleges offer you the flexibility to explore varied interests—and develop new ones.
    [Show full text]
  • Table of Contents
    NAfME-Collegiate/Collegiate-NYSSMA Constitution National Association for Music Education Collegiate (NY) & The Collegiate New York State School Music Association Edited and Updated: July 2020 1 Table of Contents Mission Statement of Collegiate Chapters of NYSSMA 3 ARTICLE I: Name and Affiliation 4 ARTICLE II: Purpose 5 ARTICLE III: Membership 6 ARTICLE IV: Executive Board 9 ARTICLE V: NAfME-Collegiate State Advisor 13 ARTICLE VI: Election of State Officers 14 ARTICLE VII: Professional Activities 15 ARTICLE VIII: Amendments 17 ARTICLE IX: Governance 18 2 Mission Statement of Collegiate Chapters of NYSSMA NAfME-Collegiate/Collegiate-NYSSMA serves as a collegiate division of the New York State School Music Association (NYSSMA) which is a state affiliate of the National Association for Music Education ​(NAfME)​. NAfME-Collegiate/Collegiate-NYSSMA promotes and endorses professional development for pre-service music educators, seeks to increase its membership and support, and advocates for music education in public schools. ● Professional development activities include workshops, in-services, conferences and certificate-based training at the local, regional, state, national and international levels ● The benefits of membership include developing an awareness of the roles that state, national and international organizations that specifically focused on music education and music teaching and learning play in the lives of students, teachers, families, and communities. ● In addition, membership includes representation within the organization and the opportunity to attend and participate in all professional gatherings associated with it. ● Members advocate for the importance of music in the lives of people the world over, especially in schools and do this with the assistance of the state, national and international organizations associated with it.
    [Show full text]
  • SOUND/PATH/FIELD in Winter
    SOUND/PATH/FIELD in Winter A talk by Robert Morris This talk was given in the week preceding the performance of my outdoor composition SOUND/PATH/FIELD at 3 p.m. on September 24, 2006 on the quadrangle of Syracuse University. It introduces the conceptual and aesthetic basis for the piece as well as documents its genesis in the winter and spring of 2006. I presented it with music-sound and slides at the music department of SUNY Geneseo (9-18-06), the Eastman School of Music Composition Symposium (9-21-06), and the Setnor School of Music, Syracuse University (9-22-06). The talk is ninety-one pages long, with each page read within a time unit of 30 seconds (although some pages do not have text); thus the talk is 45.5 minutes long. Each page of the talk shows a tone and/or a minimal musical event that accompanies the unit. At the top of some pages is a heading starting with an “S” denoting a slide change, followed by the number of the slide and a brief description of the slide’s image, such as: “S 3a Wales shore.” The PowerPoint file and an audio CD of the music-sound for the talk are available from me for a nominal sum. —Robert Morris q»¡¤ S 1 title 1 & c w 0:00 π -- ? c Δ 1 4-23 & c Bell w f * 2 2 S 2 Title with Picture & w 0:30 ? Δ This is a talk about the genesis of 2 4-13 Sound/Path/Field, written for eight different r ensembles, carillon, and outdoor theater and Bell & œ ˙..
    [Show full text]
  • The Chancellor's Workgroup on I-81 Final Report June 23, 2014
    The Chancellor’s Workgroup on I-81 Final Report June 23, 2014 Michael Speaks (Chair) Colleen Bench Allan Breese Chris Johnson Burak Kazaz Outline Chancellor’s Memorandum to the Workgroup……………………………………..2 Executive Summary…………………………………………………………………...3 Section 1: I-81 and the Current Decision-Making Process…………………………6 Section 2: The City and the University Hill…………………………………………8 Section 3: SU Campus Daily Operations……………………………………………13 Section 4: Campus Planning and Real Estate Holdings……………………………16 Section 5: Economic Development and Community Planning……………………21 Section 6: Quality of Life in the City and on the Hill……………………………...24 Section 7: Key Considerations and Recommendations…………………………….25 1 MEMORANDUM To: Michael Speaks (Chair); Colleen Bench; Allan Breese; Chris Johnson; Burak Kazaz From: Kent Syverud, Chancellor and President RE: Workgroup on I-81 Date: April 15, 2014 I am appointing each of you to a workgroup with the charge to recommend key objectives and considerations for the University pertaining to the future of I-81. New York State is conducting an environmental review that will eventually lead to a decision for replacing the existing structure. Syracuse University has an important stake in the final decision as a national/international university, a major regional employer, and one of the most popular destinations in the region. We are also a leading educator in architecture, urban design, civil engineering, and other related fields of study. I am asking this workgroup to produce a report that will: (1) Outline key considerations and impacts on the University’s daily operations. This should include access to campus; attendance at athletics or other special events at the Carrier Dome; and, the logistics of moving employees, students, equipment, and supplies across campus and to destinations in the community.
    [Show full text]
  • Week: SU's Setnor School of Music
    THE ROTARY CLUB OF SYRACUSE • CLUB #42 • ROTARY INTERNATIONAL DISTRICT 7150 • CHARTERED 1912 • FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 13, 2019 This Week: SU's Setnor School of Music A Look Ahead Associate Professor and Director: Milton Rubén Laufer SEPTEMBER 13 Program Committee 12:00 pm All areas of empha- RCS Club Meeting Music has thrived sis — instrumental and Members Lounge at Syracuse University vocal performance, con- Program: since 1877, when the ducting, music education, Milton Rubén Laufer music industry, audio arts, Director, Associate Professor Department of Music was founded and Syr- sound recording technol- SU's Setnor School of Music ogy, voice pedagogy, and Special Presentation: acuse became the first university in the United composition — are inter- "Living in a Small Village in dependent and integral to Western Uganda" by States to grant a degree Ngamije Faishal in music and require the success of the school, the health of the profes- four years’ study in both Milton Rubén Laufer: Setnor School SEPTEMBER 20 sion, and the evolution of music and theory. of Music Director, Associate Professor 11:00 am Now known as the culture. The school strives COMBINED AUGUST MEETINGS Rose, Jules R., and Stanford S. Setnor for the highest standards in every one of the Board of Directors & of these degree programs. The Foundation Trustees School of Music, the school continues this proud tradition by offering profes- A Chicago native of Puerto Rican 12:00 pm sional-level training through challeng- and Cuban parents, Milton Laufer be- RCS Club Meeting gan playing the piano at three years of Members Lounge ing and relevant degree programs that allow talented musicians and future age, and his training includes studies Program: at the Music Institute of Chicago, the Mike Haynie, music industry leaders to excel both SU Vets Center collectively and as individuals.
    [Show full text]
  • Winter 2020 Magazine
    Syracuse WINTER 2020 | VOL. 8 | NO. 2 ManuscriptSYRACUSE UNIVERSITY’S BLACK AND LATINX ALUMNI MAGAZINE Fulfilling a Dream Deferred Kevin Richardson Finds a Home at Syracuse University Dr. Alicia Carroll ’88 was honored with the Arents Award, Syracuse University’s highest alumni honor, during Orange Central weekend 2019. CONTENTS ManuscriptSyracuse Rachel Vassel ’91 Assistant Vice President Multicultural Advancement Angela Morales-Patterson Director of Operations and Partnerships Multicultural Advancement Adrian Prieto Director of Development Multicultural Advancement Miko Horn ’95 7 Director, Alumni Events Multicultural Advancement Maria J. Lopez Assistant Director of Scholarship Programs Multicultural Advancement Ariel Maciulewicz Administrative Specialist Multicultural Advancement 13 19 Angela Morales-Patterson Editor-in-Chief Renée Gearhart Levy Writer Rob Enslin Contributor George Bain 8 Editorial Assistance Kiefer Creative Design Jennifer Merante Project Manager Office of Multicultural Advancement Syracuse University 28 30 640 Skytop Rd, Second Floor Syracuse, NY 13244-5160 From the ’Cuse ........................................................2 315.443.4556 . f 315.443.2874 Honoring Kevin Richardson 3 syracuse.edu/alumniofcolor Alumni Profiles .......................................................8 [email protected] Opinions expressed in Syracuse Manuscript are those Student Spotlights .................................................. 12 of the authors and do not necessarily represent the opinions of its editors or the policies of
    [Show full text]