HA-1745 Jerusalem Mill Village
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HA-1745 Jerusalem Mill Village Architectural Survey File This is the architectural survey file for this MIHP record. The survey file is organized reverse- chronological (that is, with the latest material on top). It contains all MIHP inventory forms, National Register nomination forms, determinations of eligibility (DOE) forms, and accompanying documentation such as photographs and maps. Users should be aware that additional undigitized material about this property may be found in on-site architectural reports, copies of HABS/HAER or other documentation, drawings, and the “vertical files” at the MHT Library in Crownsville. The vertical files may include newspaper clippings, field notes, draft versions of forms and architectural reports, photographs, maps, and drawings. Researchers who need a thorough understanding of this property should plan to visit the MHT Library as part of their research project; look at the MHT web site (mht.maryland.gov) for details about how to make an appointment. All material is property of the Maryland Historical Trust. Last Updated: 02-18-2004 l-iA-17-45 tlnitcd St:'.'.t": f c;- '--' ..r.10nt of the lnte:rior r~r.tional Pr.ri, Service For NPS use only ''"ationc:I Register of Historic Places received lnventory-[~omination Form date entered See instructions in How to Complete National Register Forms Type all entries-complete applicable sections 1. Name historic Jerusalem_l1ill_Villag~ and or common Jerusalem Mill Village 2. Location street & number Jerusalem and Jericho roads NiA not for publication -~~~~~-~~~~~----~------_____: _____ city, town Jerusalem }1l__A vicinity of First Congressional District state Maryland code 24 county Harford code 025 3. Classification Category Ownership Status Present Use _!___ district _public _J{._ occupied _ agriculture _museum _ building(s) _private _ unoccupied _ commercial _park _structure _!____both _ work in progress _ educational _lL private residence _site Public Acquisition Accessible _ entertainment _religious _object _in process _yes: restricted _ government _ scientific _ being considered _x_ yes: unrestricted _ industrial _ transportation X not applicable _no _military _other: 4. Owner of Property name multiple public and private (see attached list) street & number city. town _ vicinity of state 5. Location of Legal Description courthouse, registry of deeds, etc. Harford County Courthouse street & number Main Street city, town Bel Air state Maryland 6. Representation in Existing Surveys Maryland Historical Trust _ii_U_e_H_i_s_t_o_r_i_c_S_i_t_e_s_I_n_v_e_n_t_o_r~y_______ h_a_s_th_is~p_ro~~~rt~y~be_e_n_~~rmiMdeligib~? -~s i_oo _d_~_e_l_9_8_6 ________________________~~-f_e_d_e_ral ~~~ -~un~ --~~ depository for survey records Maryland Historical Trust ~~----'-----_:_------------~ city, town Annapolis state Maryland 21401 ()1.18 ~-'No 1024--0018 (!>-& HA-1745 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Jerusalem Mill Village Section number __4__ Page __1_ Harford County, Maryland Miss Mary Helen Cadwalader The Mound 2008 Old Joppa Road Joppa, Maryland 21085 Drs. Keats and Phyllis Pullen 2807 Jerusalem Road Kingsville, Maryland 21087 Mr. and Mrs. Milton w. Railey 2809 Jerusalem Road Kingsville, Maryland 21087 State of Maryland Department of Natural Resources Tawes State Off ice Building Annapolis, Maryland 21401 -------" --· -- 7. [.2 c:rscription HA-1745 Condition Check one Check one __ excellent _K_ deteriorated --~ unaltered _x__ original site L good __ ruins _x_ altered __ moved date ~ ... _N_LA_ _____ __ ·- lL_ fair __ unexposed Describe the present and original (if known) physical appearance Number of Resources Contributing Noncontributing Number of previously listed National 12 0 buildings Register properties included in this ---0 0 sites nomination: 1 0 1 structures --- Jericho Covered Bridge, Harford County ---0 0 objects 12 1 Total Original and historic functions and uses: agruculture, commercial, industrial residential DESCRIPTION SUMMARY: Jerusalem Mill Village is located on the Harford County side of the Little Gunpowder Falls, at the stream's fall line, about 5 miles northeast of Kingsville. The village is at the intersection of Jerusalem and Jericho roads; part of the historic area is within the jurisdiction of the Gunpowder Park. The village consists of twelve historic standing structures, all centered on the once flourishing Jerusalem Mill, built in 1772. These stone or stone and frame vernacular style structures, irregularly placed on large lots and shaded by aged oaks and pines, together form a rare example of a complete and self sufficient rural industrial community that had its beginnings with the American advent of the industrial revolution. The entire village -- consisting of mill, miller's house, domestic outbuildings, supporting sawmill, coopershop, black smith shop, mill worker's house, farmhouse, and general store/post office -- was essentially in place by 1814 when David Lee I, the then-owner, was assessed for 7 buildings (6 of the 7 still standing); all others were added by 1880. Remarkably, no permanent structures except for a mid-twentieth century bridge on Jerusalem Road at the Little Gunpowder Falls, have been added since the Lees left in 1886. For General Description see Continuation Sheet No. 1, Section 7. HA-1145 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Jerusalem Mill Village Section number __7__ Page __l_ Harford County, Maryland GENERAL DESCRIPTION The Jerusalem Mill Village is nestled on a small, pristine level area of land adjacent to the Little Gunpowder Falls at the Fall Line in Harford Ccunty, Maryland; the surrounding acreage now looks much as it did when the Lee family built and owned the mill and village between 1772 and 1886. The village is surround ecS. by only two properties: a large, flourishing farm called The Mound to the north and east, while the State of !·~aryland, Depart ment of Natural Resources, owns the land to the south and west as ~art of the Gunpowder State Park. In the following Building Inventory, buildings are geared to le accompanying sketch map and are numbered 1 through 12; in ~jdition, Maryland Historical Trust· Historic Sites Inventory numbers (e.g., HA-433), ~istoric American Buildings Survey data, and street addresses are included whenever possible. (In this rural part of the state, however, residents do not always bother with street numbers.) 1. Jerusalem Mill (HA 433); 1772 (datestone}; interior continuousl modified throughout mid 19th century (HABS MD 13-Jeru.-1 Erected by the Quaker miller David Lee (1740-1816) this exceptional building is probably the oldest extant mill in northeastern Maryland, and has been called both "elegant" and "one of the most impr1ssive of all 18th century mills still .standing in Maryland" . Measuring 36' x 60', "the four storied ·building serves as a visual ·anchor· for the surrounding area. The ground floor and the partially enclosed basement to the rear are composed of local fieldstone laid in rubble bond, measuring two to three feet in thickness. The steeply sloping gable roof 1John W. McGrain, Grist Mills in Baltimore County, (Towson: Baltimore County Public Library, 1980), p.2; Letter from Mark R. Edwards (then Historic Sites Survey Coordinator for the Maryland Historical Trust) to Gene Cheers (Maryland Department of Natural Resources); dated August 18, 1976; on file at the Maryland Historical Trust, Annapolis. Ur~ilcd f-tcte~ Dcp:..r~rrt~· :it of the Interior t~c.tlonal Park Service tt.!ational Register of Historic Places Inventory-Nomination Form JERUSALEM MILL VILLAGE Continuation sheet Harford County, Maryland ltemnumber 7 Page 2 is pierced by two ranges of dormer windows, one of the mill's most unique and visually pleasing features. Although much of the interior framing and woodwork has been altered in the 19th century, many original architectural features still exist, such as the two foot square white oak post located at the corners of each floor of the building. Similar chamfered posts are also placed in intermediate positions in the floor and serve to shoulder large oak beams that span the ceiling and support each upper floor. The corner posts, mortised, tenoned and pegged with large treenails, are for the most part structurally sound. Later 19th century mill equipment, notably the two sets of grinding stones, as well as large storage bins and canvas conveyor belts, are also of interest and importance. Unfortunately, the large sixteen foot di~eter water wheel of the overshot type is no longer in place" • When the water wheel system was replaced in the 19th centu ry, two turbines were installed in a penstock, fed by a wooden flume and completely boxed in. The penstock is now awash in water, but the output shafts of the two turbines still rise up from the rusted housings. 2. 2807 Jerusalem Road; Jerusalem House (HA-431) c. 1800; c. 1840; c. 1869 Locally called the Mansion House, this handsome 2i story stuccoed stone and frame dwelling was probably built in three stages by David Lee I (1780-1816), Ralph S. Lee (1780-1862), and David Lee II (1808-1886). The main (c. 1800) unit of the dwelling is five bays long below a slate covered gable roof; principal entrance in the center bay of the west facade. This entrance has a wide, mounded panel door with a two-light transom. Windows in the first story are nine lights over six; those on the second elevation are six over six. All windows have louvered shutters. The interior of this section is laid out in a classic through center hall plan. The stairway has a turned newel and handrail, pine treads, and scroll brackets on each step. A plain fireplace is in the center of the south wall of the south room. 2Edwards to Cheers. --- ---~-------- United t;tc.tes Dep£rtm!:nt of the- lntc rior Nctloncl Park Service National Register of Historic Places Inventory-Nomination Form JERUSALEM MILL VILLAGE Continuation sheet Harford County, Maryl and Item number 7 Page 3 In the north room, there is also a fireplace and beaded wainscoting.