Westburn Viaduct Feasibility Study Report

Report prepared by: Glasgow Community and Safety Services

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Contents

1) Executive Summary Pages 3, 4, 5, 6

2) Objectives Page 7

3) Introduction Page 7 3a - Background Pages 8, 9

4) Methodology Pages 10, 11

5) Consultation Pages 12, 13, 14, 15 5a - Sustrans Page 16 5b - Stakeholder Consultations Page 17 5b1 - Antisocial Behaviour Page 17 5b2 - Maintenance Page 18 5b3 - Finance Page 18 5b4 - Flooding Page 18 5b6 - Safety Page 18 5b7 - Local Elected Members Page 18 5b8 - Strathclyde Police Page 18 5b9 - South Lanarkshire Council Page 19 5b10 - Glasgow Community and Safety Services Page 19 5c - Derry “Peace Bridge” consultation Visit Pages 20, 21 Linking with the National and Local vision Pages 22, 23

6) Findings Pages 24, 27

7) Conclusions Page 28 Recommendations Pages 29, 30 Timeline Page 31

8) Acknowledgements Page 32

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Executive Summary

Glasgow City Council, Land and Environmental Services commissioned Glasgow Community & Safety Services to carry out a consultation and feasibility study with the communities and stakeholders within Carmyle and Westburn on both sides of the River Clyde. These communities are linked by a road bridge and the Westburn Viaduct which is currently closed.

The bridge has previously been used as a crossing point by the general public, as the viaduct path is well worn. In order to prevent access, due to serious incidents of anti-social behaviour, the bridge fence has been spanned with heavy barbed wire. However, this barrier has been removed illegally at various times in the recent past by people wanting to use the bridge.

Without access to the bridge it is not possible to appreciate the high quality landscape experience that the bridge offers. The viaduct carries northwards, and this route would be an ideal link that would form part of Glasgow’s Green and Active Travel Network

The required aim of the work was to engage fully and by a variety of means with local communities and organisations that live, work or use recreationally the river Clyde area between the Carmyle and Westburn areas. To find out their views on the river area as it stands and to ascertain their requirements in order to use the area more.

Glasgow City Council is committed to the promotion and further development of the city as an area that is sustainable, attractive, healthy, safe and encourages a positive image whilst inspiring and engaging with communities and visitors.

This report draws out the findings of that process. It outlines the objectives for the use of the river area, gives the findings of the consultation process and how this informed the development of options and how to take things forward.

This project could also link directly to the emerging Draft Glasgow Open Space Strategy (GOSS) and supports regeneration and the creation of a high quality environment that maintains the City’s appeal to investors, tourists and commercial activities and starts to improve the image of some of the more deprived areas. This action plan links directly to the emerging themes including:

• Improving the quality of amenity space

The Westburn Viaduct is currently a contested space, which has been historically and negatively heralded as the cause for gang fighting, antisocial behaviour and serious crime. This has further divided the communities of Carmyle and Westburn.

Although the bridge as a structure is not the cause of these behaviours and subsequent outcomes, it does serve as a platform for negativity and is often vandalised and a meeting point for antisocial behaviour.

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Executive Summary

Residents within the Carmyle area also expressed a desire for the surroundings of the viaduct infrastructure be enhanced to promote and increase activity along the river area. It was felt that the more these activities could be linked to the river area itself the better. Suggestions included:

• Official nature trails • Benches/rest stops/picnic areas • Orienteering markers • Fishing clubs • School pupils involved in river clean ups and nature education

Some community members felt that the viaduct/bridge itself should be recognised as a part of the community; and although there was a consensus that this should not be upgraded for pedestrian access, they did feel that it could be made safe and lit up as a landmark feature of the area. They wanted a negative feature made positive but felt that opening it would lead to more negative behaviour.

One of the most common themes worth noting was the wish for the residents of Carmyle to access the Morrison’s supermarket by foot. At present they feel the lack of lighting and overgrown trees are adding to the fear of crime on this particular route.

Schools and the youth population were thought to be the key to addressing longstanding issues between the bordering communities. A suggestion to twin primary schools in both communities was suggested by residents and could be considered as a positive way to improve relations between the two communities. This opinion was mirrored by the stakeholder group and the local elected members in both local authority areas. The overarching theme throughout the consultation was the need to involve the community in every step of the process including planning and design.

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Executive Summary

Stakeholders

The Stakeholder’s consultation mirrored that of the wider communities views and took a more solution focused approach suggesting that sub groups be formed to look at the actions at both a strategic and operational level

Key recommendations from both the community and stakeholders can be categorised into themes which include:

•Maintenance •Safety •Capacity building •Antisocial behaviour •Funding •Activity •Lighting

Picture by Hailey from Carmyle Primary School

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Executive Summary - Recommendations

As a result of the study some recommendations have been made including the formation of sub/action groups to take the key finding forward. Including:

Theme Actions Stakeholders

Funding Present study recommendations and DRS, LES, Seamus Connolly findings to North East Open Spaces Chris Dalrymple group Seek funding for capacity building DRS, LES, Seamus Connolly and community projects as well as Chris Dalrymple physical environment. Maintenance Present findings and DRS, LES, Seamus Connolly recommendations to Local Chris Dalrymple Operational working groups (LOWG) Cutting back overgrown foliage, keep LOWG, David McGoldrick river banks clear Antisocial behaviour Form an action group to specifically Strathclyde Police, GCSS, address ASB in relation to Westburn Local Housing Associations Viaduct Explore possibility and costing of CCTV Safety Recommendations and findings to be Chris Dalrymple present to the water safety working group Develop a lesson plan for schools on Water safety Working Group water safety and use of the river Explore flood alleviation measures Lighting look at the city lighting strategy DRS City Design section, LES, GCSS, in relation to improve image of Strathclyde Police. Westburn Viaduct/ river area and improve safety Capacity Building Design/ photography project in Commissioned artist/ art/ conjunction with local people. architecture students/practices DRS Seamus Connolly Twin schools from Glasgow and GCSS, Education, Glasgow Life, South Lanarkshire. Activity Form an area activity sub group Mid Clyde Angling Association, Sustrans, Glasgow Life, local clubs, GCSS Promote & sell fishing permits locally Mid Clyde Angling Association- Kemp Meikle Encourage local community members Mid Clyde Angling Association- to fish the area Kemp Meikle Community Cycle events Activity Sub Group Improved signs for route 75 on Activity Sub Group Glasgow river side.

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Objectives

The Key Objectives of the community consultation are:

• Engage fully with the communities and organisations and interested parties by a variety of means. • Present Findings for consideration as part of ongoing or future planned developments to Glasgow City Council.

3 Introduction

In September 2011, Glasgow City Council, Land and Environmental Services commissioned Glasgow Community & Safety Services to carry out a consultation and feasibility study with the communities and stakeholders within Carmyle and Westburn on both sides of the River Clyde. These communities are linked by a road bridge and the Westburn Viaduct which is currently closed.

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3 Introduction

3a Background be possible to temporarily utilise the structure as part of the green and active travel network.

Using the Commonwealth Games as a driver for Changes that are proposed for the longer term include environmental improvements along the Clyde Walkway, the Community Growth Area (CGA). This development Glasgow City Council secured Central Scotland Green will transform the character of the area both to the North Network Development (CSGN) Funding in 2010 to and South of the Clyde, and increase the demand on the devise a Management Plan. This focused on three areas Clyde’s various assets. along the Walkway, between Polmadie Bridge and the Cuningar Loop, taking in the Athletes’ Village; between Ownership Govan and Pointhouse in the west; and between Carmyle Railway Paths Limited (RPL) the current owners of and Broomhouse in the east. the bridge and currently managed by SUSTRANS have

detailed some issues with the viaduct including: A detailed action plan and series of recommendations were made by the Management Plan that sought to address challenges experienced along the Walkway at a) Antisocial behaviour, Sustrans are securing these locations. In August 2011 Glasgow City Council the bridge regularly now as a result of were awarded further CSGN funding to implement a vandalism and people gaining access programme of improvements on core paths adjacent to to the bridge. the Athletes’ Village, and to the Walkway at Carmyle. b) Structural Safety - as detailed in Appendix 1 Railway Paths Limited (RPL) was established as a Charity c) Maintenance/Responsibility, Sustrans have in May 1998 to take ownership of a number of disused raised questions about this with regards railway lines from Rail Property Ltd. One of the charitable to future ownership and responsibility for objectives of Railway Paths Limited is to make these maintenance. lines available to Sustrans for development of walking and cycling routes. Sustrans are currently responsible d) Current Conditions, of both the bridge and for the management and Maintenance of the Westburn wider environmental conditions Viaduct. Sustrans support any development proposals and would The Westburn Viaduct across the River Clyde is closed like to be involved in any future work in relation to the at the present time. Opening it up to general use for Viaduct. the public as a crossing for walking and cycling would provide an excellent, safe and sustainable (car free) recreational and commuter pathway.

It is clear that the bridge has previously been used as a crossing point by the general public, as the viaduct path is well worn. In order to prevent access, due to serious incidents of anti-social behaviour, the bridge fence has been spanned with heavy barbed wire. However, this barrier has been removed illegally at various times in the recent past by people wanting to use the bridge.

Without access to the bridge it is not possible to appreciate the high quality landscape experience that the bridge offers. The viaduct carries northwards, and City Plan 2 has currently two designations for the area this route would be an ideal link that would form part of at the moment, green space and greenbelt; however Glasgow’s Green and Active Travel Network. the green belt area at Carmyle new park is likely to be While it is also earmarked as part of the proposal to released for development as part of the Broomhouse, re-introduce the Carmyle to Newton Rail Chord, it may Baillieston and Carmyle Community Growth Area.

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3 Introduction

3a Background Continued

The community growth concept is aimed at expanding the city’s suburbs in a manner which retains environmentally important areas and which links new residential areas into existing urban fabric. It is intended that these areas will be developed in a sustainable manner, have good access to public transport, use existing town centre facilities and also provide additional facilities for the use of new and existing residents.

The area is also included within the Baillieston/Shettleston Green Network Development Framework, which looks at proposals where developments may be made through open space improvement or in the longer term through development where appropriate.

The contribution that high quality, well-designed open space within a Green Network can make to the creation of sustainable positive and engaged communities, the promotion of healthier lifestyles, mitigation against the effects of climate change, the enhancement of biodiversity and the creation of opportunities for employment, training and volunteering are increasingly recognised and reflected in policy and guidance. The possibility of utilising the Westburn Viaduct as a pedestrian/cycling link to South Lanarkshire would further enhance the Green Network strategy.

This action plan links directly to the emerging themes including:

• Improving the quality of civic space and the public realm • Reducing vehicle dominance and improving pedestrian experience • Animating stalled spaces

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4 Methodology

Community engagement is the involvement of an Any findings should be considered for inclusion into any individual or group with an issue, service or project. It future action plan and subsequent links made to key is worth noting that the focus of the process was about local & national priorities including: engaging with local organisations, groups and individuals to assess the contribution that may be made to local • Healthy Glasgow; and long distance routes to the continued development • Learning Glasgow; of the Green Network across the locality; by re-opening • Safe Glasgow; the Westburn Viaduct as a pedestrian/cycle link and • Vibrant Glasgow; enhancing the local greenspace. • Working Glasgow. Community Engagement can take a variety of forms – depending on the nature of the community, the issue, particular individual or group you wish to engage, the Methods of consultation and stage of an issue or project at which engagement is engagement utilised were: attempted or required. • Community Canvassing – A key part Community engagement has been adopted by the Scottish Government as a key principle of any work in of the consultation process included relation to communities. Two primary purposes visiting homes that surround the river for community engagement – as defined by key area in both communities principles embedded in the Government’s National * See Appendix 1. Standards – are: • Survey Monkey – Is an electronic survey method which was distributed • Empowering communities and to a wide range of community based individuals to influence and inform groups and interested parties in decisions made by Local Community Carmyle and Westburn Planning Partnerships, ** See Appendix 2 • Promoting joint working between • Participatory Appraisal – H Plans local partners. were utilised as a method of enquiry in each community. This ensured The required aim of the work was to engage fully and that a democratic research process by a variety of means with local communities and organisations that live, work or use recreationally was used to make the enquiry and the river Clyde area between the Carmyle and findings relevant and useful to the Westburn areas. stakeholders, for informing future actions. • Community, Stakeholder and Elected Member consultation.

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4 Methodology

‘H Plan’

Individuals were invited to demonstrate on the H Plan what they enjoyed, liked or appreciated about the River Area, what they did not like about the river area, and what if reasonable they would change about the river area, to enable them to enjoy and utilise it in the future.

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5 Consultation

Methods of consultation and (1) Overall the majority of people were supportive of the river area being utilised more. Most respondents engagement utilised were: mentioned the viaduct and the issues with antisocial behaviour. They also spoke of the historical incidents of tragedy involving both communities. Most believed that • Community Canvassing “the bridge” itself was responsible for the ASB in that specific area. A large proportion of consultees did state • Survey Monkey that opening of the Viaduct would result in increased levels of antisocial behaviour and gang fighting. • Participatory Appraisal (2) The majority of residents consulted felt the river area • Community, Stakeholder and where they live has fallen into a state of disrepair. Elected Member consultation. The most common themes included:

Figure 1

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5 Consultation

During the consultation period, communities in Carmyle & Westburn and South Lanarkshire were at the heart of the discussions. A variety of methods were used to engage both communities including:

Two public consultation events were held in the communities.

School consultation which included Parental Surveys and Participatory Workshops with the Eco Group and Pupil Council in Carmyle.

Youth provider consultation took place in Westburn with youths aged 9 - 16 years.

Stakeholder event was held in Glasgow on 2nd November 2011, which provided the platform of consultation between organisations with a vested interest. This enabled all involved to agree parameters and guidelines which could be followed in the development of the Westburn Viaduct and Clyde Walkway in the future.

Local community groups were consulted by a variety of methods, which included on site visits, email and telephone consultations in addition to the survey monkey and questionnaires.

(6) A map of the river area Appendix 3 formed the basis of the consultation with local residents.

Key Elements of the Consultation provided the following:-

(7) Residents were asked if they currently used the river area.

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5 Consultation Continued

(8) Overall the majority of people were supportive of • Orienteering markers the river area being utilised again. Most respondents mentioned the viaduct and the issues with antisocial • Fishing clubs behaviour. They also spoke of the historical incidents of • School pupils involved in river clean tragedy involving both communities. ups and nature education

(9) Most believed that “the bridge” itself was responsible Some community members felt that the viaduct/bridge for the ASB in that specific area. itself should be recognised as a part of the community; and although there was a consensus that this should not (10) A significant proportion of consultees did state that be upgraded for pedestrian access, they did feel that it opening of the Viaduct would result in increased levels could be made safe and lit up as a landmark feature of of antisocial behaviour and gang fighting. the area. They wanted a negative feature made positive but felt that opening it would lead to more negative (11) The majority of residents consulted felt the river behaviour. area where they live has fallen into a state of disrepair. The most common themes included: (15) One of the most common themes worth noting was the wish for the residents of Carmyle to access the Morrison’s supermarket by foot. A map of this route can be found in Appendix 5. At present they feel the lack of lighting and overgrown trees are adding to the fear of crime on this particular route.

(12) All responses are provided in Appendix 3.

(13) Anti Social Behaviour (ASB) and territorialism feature highly in both the Survey data and the wider consultation days.

(14) Residents within the Carmyle area also expressed a desire for the viaduct infrastructure surroundings, be enhanced to promote and increase activity along the river area. It was felt the more these activities could be linked to the river area itself the better. Suggestions included: • Official nature trails • Benches/rest stops/picnic areas

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5 Consultation Continued

(16) Carmyle residents are proud of the history of their village and spoke about the history of the river and expressed an aspiration for this to be incorporated in the development of the Clyde area in some way. Some suggestions included an information walkway with historical facts (A Heritage and Nature Trail) and the reinstatement of the old fountain.

“On a pathway, next to the river, stood a fountain in memorial to the men of Carmyle who petitioned for the right of way along the banks of the Clyde to Kenmuir and Daldowie. The names of the men were stamped on the arched canopy. Bart Pierce, John Pierce - father and son - Tom and Jim Coogans, two brothers. There were other names but I can‘t remember them. I hope the planners of the Clyde Walkway will use this right of way”

Carmyle recollections Quote from Margaret Wilson 1990

(17) Schools and the youth population Image show an were thought to be the key to addressing illustration created as part of the longstanding issues between the bordering Carmyle Primary communities. A suggestion to twin School consultation primary schools in both communities with the Eco Group was suggested by residents and could be and the Pupil Council. The picture considered as a positive way to improve shows how the area relations between the two communities. should look as seen This opinion was mirrored by the through the eyes of stakeholder group and the local elected children. members in both local authority areas.

(18) It was worth noting that many of the residents were unaware that the cycle route 75 was so close to them.

(19) Given that the Carmyle area is in closer proximity to the river the residents currently utilise this area more than those residents from South Lanarkshire. The residents of Westburn principally requested the area be better lit on the south Lanarkshire side as it is in a more isolated location and further away from the village itself.

(20) The overwhelming feel from the residents of both communities was that the Clyde and the walkway alongside contains an abundance of beautiful scenery, wildlife, and the potential to benefit the health and well being of both communities, however in it’s present condition it is underutilised.

(21) The overarching theme throughout the consultation was the need to involve the community in every step of the process including planning and design.

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5 Consultation Continued

5a Sustrans

Sustrans is the UK’s leading sustainable transport charity and works on practical projects to encourage people to walk, cycle and use public transport to benefit health and the environment. Sustrans wish to encourage active play and travel as much as possible. Sustrans believes that the mere implementation of existing official guidance, such as the Department for Transport (DfT), Communities and Local Government (CLG), Department for Children, Schools and Families (DCSF) and National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE), would be sufficient to create the conditions for significant growth in children’s active play and active travel. Sustrans hope that this guidance will reduce obesity and help put cycle paths in place.

1. Sustrans have stated that a great deal of effort has been made to stop anyone getting on to or climbing up the structure of the Westburn Viaduct. Re-enforced fencing, anti-climb paint and razor wire have been used.

2. Liability for the Westburn Viaduct would lie with Railway Paths Ltd (RPL). Future Maintenance would have to be discussed. RPL would continue to be involved in Westburn Viaduct development depending on funding.

3. Sustrans detailed some issues with regards to this location, including: e) Antisocial behaviour, Sustrans are securing the bridge regularly now as a result of vandalism and people gaining access to the bridge. f) Structural Safety- as detailed in Appendix 6 g) Maintenance / Responsibility, Sustrans have raised questions about this with regards to future ownership and responsibility for maintenance. h) Current Conditions, of both the bridge and wider environmental conditions

The National cycle route 75, which runs between Edinburgh and Glasgow is the main cycle route which runs right along side this area. An interesting critique of this “Are cyclists on the right path?” Can be found on the BBC news website.

Sustrans have supplied the latest engineering report from 2009. Appendix 6a

Sustrans were also consulted with regards to other projects of a similar nature to the Westburn viaduct. They suggested the Peace Bridge over the River Foyle in Derry/ Londonderry Northern Ireland.

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5 Consultation Continued

5b The Stakeholder Consultations

The wider stakeholder group were consulted in the form of a half day event as well as individual meetings and telephone calls. The stakeholders contacted included:

Glasgow Community and Glasgow City Council Water Go Bike Safety Services Safety Working Group GCC Access- City core path Strathclyde Police Sustrans plan Glasgow Community Safety Services Strathclyde fire and rescue Local Housing Associations Cyclist Touring Club Glasgow City and Carmyle Primary South Lanarkshire Council Universal connections South Glasgow Humane Society Lanarkshire (Youth Provider) Baillieston, Shettleston Ramblers Association & Greater Easterhouse Glasgow anglers society Community Planning Scottish Canoeing Cart Blanche Partnership Association Glasgow Life Carmyle Community Council Scottish Natural Heritage Local elected members in Cycle Touring Club - University of Glasgow both Glasgow and South Glasgow District Association Lanarkshire NFUS Shettleston Area Committee BHS

The stakeholders were invited to attend a half day event. During this time issues that the community had raised in relation to the area and activities were discussed. Stakeholders were asked to add to these issues if appropriate. Themes included:

5b1 - Antisocial behaviour

As this was the main topic raised by the communities the stakeholders agreed that anti social behaviour needed to be addressed by a multi agency approach. Agencies to be involved in this should be Glasgow City Council, South Lanarkshire Council, Strathclyde Police and Glasgow Community & Safety Services. During the discussion actions were highlighted that could form the foundation of a potential future action plan, which could alleviate some of the issues within the Carmyle area to help break the cycle of consensus from the community, which continually echoed at each stage that the community believed that “the bridge” itself was responsible for the ASB in that specific area.

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5 Consultation Continued

5b2 - Maintenance which echoed the discussions on maintenance. It was suggested that any new developers could be tasked with

installing safety barriers along the bank at the location. Maintenance of the viaduct and the immediate river area continued to be a vital concern during the consultation The stakeholders group were also asked to explore some with the stakeholders. A high proportion of the issues solutions to many of the main themes raised by the were in relation to the physical landscape and the communities and how these may be prioritised. This can deterioration of some of the existing infrastructure. be found in recommendations section The stakeholders felt this needed to be addressed. Key partners who could tackle these issues could be Glasgow City Council, Land and Environmental Services with 5b7 - Local Elected Members assistance from Glasgow Community & Safety Services Community Reparation Team. Elected members from both local authorities were advised of the consultation process and invited to comment on the study. 5b3 - Finance One elected member from each local authority area

responded and were consulted on a one to one basis. Organisations are under financial pressure to deliver They were supportive of the area being utilised more and resources due to significant budget restraints. The were happy to offer support for future actions. stakeholder group however, agreed that joint agency working could alleviate financial pressures on any individual organisation or authority. 5b8 - Strathclyde Police

5b4 - Flooding Strathclyde Police were heavily involved in the process from the outset, given the nature of the issues in the area. Strathclyde Police are very supportive of the river There has been historic flooding in this area. There was area being used for positive recreational activities. They discussion surrounding trees that have fallen into the feel that the opening of the viaduct for pedestrian access river being a contributory factor to some of the flooding. in itself would be a determining factor in increasing The group felt there was a need for adequate flood antisocial behaviour in the area. They were supportive of alleviation measures. See Appendix 5 Flood Map Area. any future plans to get more people using the river area given this is the best way to ensure natural surveillance 5b6 - Safety takes place. Strathclyde Police advised that should the viaduct be opened for pedestrian access this would have a Water safety and general community safety were significant impact on policing resources. However if explored by the stakeholders. The River was the main it was decided that this was to be implemented then topic in relation to this as the public had concerns consideration to any development should be done regarding water safety. Suicide risk was discussed and in conjunction with “secure by design”. To ensure asked to be taken into consideration in any plans for continuity Strathclyde Police should be involved in the development, should they take place. The stakeholders planning process at the earliest stage. discussed keeping the bank clear of trees and other debris

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5 Consultation Continued

5b9 - South Lanarkshire Council 5b10 - Glasgow Community and Safety Services South Lanarkshire Council (SLC) was supportive of the river area being utilised more, on both sides of the river. Glasgow Community and Safety Services’ strategy to They too had concerns regarding the antisocial behaviour tackle Anti Social Behaviour is Offender Management. in the area and felt that some work needed to be done To facilitate this, a GCSS internal analyst, draws upon with both communities before any progress could be Strathclyde Police information management systems made in relation to the viaduct. SLC were keen to explore to produce a quarterly Operational Assessment for an the idea of twining the primary schools in order to area. This enables GCSS to narrow down to very specific prevent some of the long standing animosity between the geographic locations and identifies individuals between communities which seems to be a the heart of the ASB. the age range of 12 and 25, who have offended within the last six months and categorises offenders by date, South Lanarkshire Council’s community resources frequency and severity of offences. Managers then department back the proposals for the south bank being agree with partners in Strathclyde Police appropriate utilised more, however they would stipulate that they interventions. Interventions range from passing details wish to be involved in any further developments or of individuals and their offences to the Strathclyde planning from the outset. Police Gangs Task Force Unit to work with individuals and their family on a one to one basis to group offender South Lanarkshire council were happy to take any programmes. proposals to their local Problem solving group which looks at ASB in the area, and work in conjunction with In addition to this GCSS community reparation service GCSS and Strathclyde police to address some of the may be utilised like South Lanarkshire Council to assist immediate ASB issues. with an initial clean up of the area, cutting back foliage or other appropriate environmental work. It has also been suggested by south Lanarkshire council that their community service team could be used to CCTV was one of the points which were raised help with some of the initial work which may need to be consistently during the consultation. AS GCSS manage carried out on the south banks. the CCTV for the city they would be happy to be involved in any future options planning and costing regarding this.

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5 Consultation Continued

5C Derry ‘Peace’ Bridge – Consultation Visit

The Westburn Viaduct is currently a contested space, In October 2011, a site visit was conducted by which has been historically and negatively heralded as consultation staff from Glasgow to Derry, Ireland. The the cause for gang fighting, antisocial behaviour and purpose of the visit was to draw comparison between serious crime which has further divided the communities communities divided by contested space taking into of Carmyle and Westburn. consideration water as a natural divider. The bridge was completed on 25th June 2011, after considerable Although the bridge as a structure is not the cause of consultation between two communities separated by the these behaviours and subsequent outcomes, it does serve River Foyle in Derry. as a platform for negativity and is often vandalised and a meeting point for antisocial behaviour.

“The bridge links the two banks of the river, providing a new and exciting shared public space. It’s distinctive form representing a human handshake across the water – joins all communities living in Derry-Londonderry in a symbolic gesture of reconciliation and peace.”

(Quote from Consultation Document - Peace Bridge Derry)

Until the ‘Peace’ Bridge was constructed both sides had Carmyle and Westburn communities. to take a round trip of approximately 25 miles by car from After the construction of the peace bridge the the City (The walled city) community to the Waterside communities are undergoing an exciting transformation Community therefore historically the River Foyle stood as as a social, economic and vibrant hub and epicentre for an ethnic divide separating communities by religion and tourism, culture and history to be enjoyed by all. civil unrest. The local communities which were once divided, now As the Peace Plan was implemented the River Foyle meet on a regular basis, and have paved the way for became an integral part of the larger consultation plan generations to come by creating, community run which was named ‘One City, One Plan’. It was deemed allotments, sculptures about the history of Derry, markets that the Foyle could no longer be seen as a physical and by using the new ‘Peace’ Bridge attend the Mayors divider, but potentially through the construction of the dance held in the city. These communities are also Peace Bridge would be seen as a communities desire to enjoying the new relationship with the River Foyle as they embrace change and share space whilst transforming and can now easily access areas on both sides of the river, improving the quality of people’s lives, economically and which were once unavailable to them without a bridge. socially. Testament to the changes in attitudes must be the recent The initial ‘Peace’ Bridge consultation was met with removal of the paramilitary mural in the area and its criticism and scepticism from both communities, with replacement mural which depicts the hopes and vision of wide ranging concerns about safety, crime, suicide and the communities embracing the ‘Peace’ Bridge and the negative impact should the bridge be constructed, similar wider positive community vision. to the concerns we are currently experiencing with the

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5 Consultation Continued

5C Derry ‘Peace’ Bridge – Consultation Visit

As part of the construction consideration the clever design and to embrace and renew the Westburn and Carmyle’s of the bridge incorporates visionary lighting patterns, anti- relationship with the river area, through cycling and suicide measures, CCTV, and life rings adorn the structure walking. periodically. Key lessons to be learned and comparisons which can This site visit allowed the Consultation Group to draw be made from the Peace Bridge experience are: comparison between the Westburn Viaduct and its • The idea of contested space current impact on the community and the new bridge within Derry. Although the concerns rose in Derry where • The river as a divider on a far grander scale, it did not dilute the concerns of • Improving people’s lives both socially the Carmyle and Westburn communities about safety, and economically antisocial behaviour and environmental impact. Lessons taken from the site visit highlighted alternative • The history of any area is significantly uses for the current viaduct to be used in the future as important to any future design and a walking and cycling bridge, or alternatively should it planning process remain closed, it’s potential to be renovated to a standard • Consultation and inclusion of the which through further community consultation could community must be maintained not positively enhance the river area and become a shared space to be enjoyed by all. The Derry ‘Peace’ Bridge site only from the outset, but through the visit has strengthened the potential to use the site at planning and design process. the Westburn Viaduct by both communities, and through consultation to improve the environmental aesthetics

www.saferglasgow.com ©Glasgow Community and Safety Services 2012 Westburn Viaduct Feasibility Study Report 22

5 Consultation Continued Linking in with the National and Local Vision

We value and enjoy our built and natural environment and protect it and enhance it for future generations. Scotland’s built and natural environment is a major asset for us to enjoy in life and business. That’s why we need to protect and enhance it. Clean air and water, and uncontaminated soil, support and protect our public health and wellbeing. Good quality built environments, parks and landscapes provide places where we can enjoy ourselves and keep fit. They are the inspiration for much of Scottish art and literature and the natural and built environment are sources of wealth and economic opportunities - especially for fishing, farming, forestry, aquaculture, renewable energy and tourism. We have strong, resilient and supportive communities where people take responsibility for their own actions and how they affect others. People are more likely to live fulfilling lives and realise their social and economic potential in strong, resilient and supportive communities. A strong community is one which is secure and welcoming, with access to high quality services and amenities. We live in well-designed, sustainable places where we are able to access the amenities and services we need. Well-designed, sustainable places, both urban and rural, support people’s physical and mental wellbeing. They are places in which people want to live. They provide ease of access to the workplaces and services we need by locating these conveniently with high quality housing as part of a mixed community.

“The development of well-designed, sustainable places will only happen through effective partnerships - between central and local government, and between the public, private and third sectors (including charities, voluntary and local community groups). And most crucially with the individuals who live in those places and keep them vibrant.” http://www.scotland.gov.uk/About/scotPerforms/outcomes/susplaces

5 Consultation Continued Linking in with the National and Local Vision

We live our lives safe from crime, disorder and danger- Communities can only flourish when people feel safe - from crime, antisocial behaviour and from the threat of major incidents.

We realise our full economic potential with more and better employment opportunities for our people. The Scottish Government aims to bring more people into the workforce, address persistent pockets of unemployment and help to tackle inequality and social exclusion. This includes investment in adult literacy and numeracy skills and working with partners to ensure the provision of childcare, public transport and other services to enable people to access labour market and training opportunities. Our young people are successful learners, confident individuals, effective contributors and responsible citizens. We need to create a learning experience which encourages young people to think about their impact on the environment, to care about being healthy, to fulfil their potential and to contribute to society and the economy. We live longer, healthier lives. Securing longer healthier lives for the people of Scotland will always be a top priority for governments and individuals alike. There are significant challenges which can only be addressed by everyone in Scotland working together, pursuing this goal through improving lifestyles and life circumstances. Glasgow has echoed these objectives with the priority themes of: • A Working Glasgow • A Learning Glasgow • A Healthy Glasgow • A Safe Glasgow • A Vibrant Glasgow

Findings

graph1 graph1

The quantitative feedback from surveys showed that 43% of people asked do not currently use the river area, however, 57% of peopled questioned do you use the river area to some degree. See graph1 above.

As depicted in the graph2 above, findings indicated that there were several areas that acted as barriers to utilising the river area. Examples of areas affected are pictorially on the following aerial maps. Each map indicates the negatives, positives and solutions pertaining to each area that was highlighted throughout the consultation.

During the Carmyle Westburn feasibility consultation, both communities took part in participatory workshops. They were developed to ascertain both communities’ perceptions of the river area, which forms a natural boundary between the two communities. The information gathered from the communities during the workshops highlighted the positives/negatives and provided community solutions to the river Clyde waterfront that forms the boundary of both communities.

The following aerial photographs are visual representations of the findings. They show the positives within the area, negatives and the community’s solutions. Full mapping exercise as detailed in Appendix 8.

Map 1 – Positives Positive comments from community

• Nice bridge would be good if it could be used • Could be great fishing spot • Great for bird watching • No traffic • Beautiful scenery • Peaceful • Enjoyable walk • Very close for community to access • Good for running and cycle path • View from the bridge

Findings

For the purpose of the report, the negative findings have been separated into three different categories as follows: 1. Anti-social behaviour - (map2) Safety - (map3) and Environmental - (map4)

Map 2 - Anti-social Behaviour

Anti-social behaviour concerns as highlighted by community. • People do not feel safe at night • Fear of crime • Gang fighting • Drinkers gather • Drink and drug use at weekends in front of substation before river • General ASB problems with youths • ASB meeting zone • Graffiti • Area unsafe for walking • Ill feeling between Carmyle and Westburn

Map 3 - Safety • No lighting at cycle path • No lights Safety concerns as highlighted by community. • Poor lighting • Not enough police • Damaged lighting • Mineshafts • Children crossing weir • Water safety • Child safety along river • People felt isolated • No railings at river • No CCTV • Viaduct • Drowning • No safe walkway round river • No Community Police seen

Findings

Full mapping exercise as detailed in Appendix 9. • Pollution Map 4 Environmental • Walkway does not continue up the river

Environmental concerns as highlighted by community. • Broken glass on paths • Litter • Too much development • Dog fouling • Pathway from bowling green to Morrison’s is overgrown • It’s a mess • Very dirty • Overgrown • Bridge has no use to this community • Drainage problems River Road • Sewage works cause pollution • Flooding • Trees overgrown • Mine shafts (Carmyle Park) • Broken trees • Area not maintained at all by council • Fly tipping • No resting stops or seating • Greenery allowed to overgrow • Walkways need improved • Lots of rubbish at banks of river/pub and car park

Findings

Map 5 - Community Improvement Solutions

• Link cycle path coming from city centre • More lighting for side of river Increase lighting and put in CCTV • Fence off dangerous parts of the river • Clean the area up for people to walk and cycle • Concentrate on the bowling club site leave the bridge alone • Improve safety, especially for kids • Take it back to basics and teach the kids • Plant flowers • Get kids interested in the river and not fighting • Introduce nature trails • Twin the primary schools in Westburn & Carmyle • Get fishing lessons • Children get water safety training • Get rid of neds on cycle path • Remove weed from river • Make up a fishing club • Hydro power from weir • Clean up graffiti • Knock down viaduct • Involve young people in regeneration of area • Close bridge • Involve local school kids in cleaning up of area • Cut trees back don’t cut them down • Open the Bridge • More benches • More parental control • More bins

Conclusions

Our work has identified that the preferred option for the Carmyle and Westburn Communities would be for the river area to be cut back, infrastructure upgraded, lighting , CCTV and safety equipment to be installed and the use of the existing bridge at A763 Clydeford Road to access the south bank and route 75 if this were to be signposted clearly.

It is clear that support form the Westburn and Carmyle communities for the opening viaduct to be used for pedestrian access is unlikely to be forthcoming, largely due to the concerns regarding the antisocial behaviour. It may be possible at some point in the future for this to go ahead after some joint community capacity building and education in relation to the risk factors identified.

Both communities have stated that they would be keen to use the river area for walking, cycling provided they felt safe in doing so.

Further work needs to be carried out in these communities to reduce the perceived levels of ASB and to improve the profile of the area in question.

Partnership work will be key to taking the findings forward.

It is felt that the opening and utilization of the Westburn Viaduct as a shared public space should be the long term aspiration of all parties. This will only be possible when both communities are comfortable and positive about the space, as well as being fully engaged.

By implementing the recommendations of the Action Plan and by placing the communities at the forefront of the process, not only will the associated benefits of river use be evident to residents, but perceived barriers relating to the Westburn Viaduct may be eradicated.

Conclusions

Recommendations Opportunities may be available to liaise with local Universities or Colleges to work with students interested in environmental architecture, to improve the viaduct and Key recommendations from both the community and North and South River Walkways as part of the wider City stakeholders can be categorised into themes which lighting strategy. Further enhancement of the include: bridge which can be directly linked into the Lighting • Maintenance Strategy Group. • Safety An artist in residence could be commissioned to work with Community Groups and Local People from the outset, • Capacity building this would ensure community involvement from the • Antisocial behaviour outset. It would also enhance perceptions promote the use of the area in terms of connectivity and infrastructure • Funding and begin to break down some negative feelings about • Activity the Viaduct and surrounding area. • Lighting A design the lighting project could be commissioned in line with some of the lessons learned in Northern Ireland The consultation recognises the requirement for actions to about community involvement in the design process. be taken forward in a cohesive and effective way, ensuring Any funding requirements should be considered at an that short term actions are progressed quickly by the early stage and included in any further discussions appropriate stakeholders. pertaining to the overall future and development of the In addition to this, the creation of Action/Sub Groups Carmyle and Westburn areas. should be implemented to effectively deliver and deploy resources into the area as appropriate. These groups once established should link directly into relevant strategic groups. Twinning of the Primary Schools – Early Intervention is required to educate and change the attitudes of both communities whilst improving their relationship. This will be challenging for all involved. The historic ill feeling between the two communities can be addressed by working with the children who attend both primary schools, to look at the River Area, the viaduct, the community in which they live, anti social behaviour and the environment. This method may contribute to breaking the cycle of historic hostility between the two communities, by forging a better neighbourhood scheme between the schools and Carmyle and Westburn. This should be community and education led.

Conclusions - Recommendations

Theme Actions Stakeholders

Conclusions

Recommendations Timeline

Present findings to LOWG Form sub groups and open spaces NOW Involve community in local art activity

Tidy up area, Gain political support cut back foliage and capacity build

Seek funding

Secure the area MEDIUM lighting

Tidy up area, cut back foliage

CCTV

Make feature LONG TERM of viaduct

Acknowledgements

Glasgow Community and Safety Services would like to acknowledge the following:-

1. Department of Health, 2008 Healthy Weight, Healthy Lives: A Toolkit for Developing Local Strategies 2. Department for Transport, 1995 Transport Statistics Report. National Travel Survey: 1992/94 3. Davison and Lawson, 2006 Do attributes in the physical environment influence children’s physical activity? A review of the literature, International Journal of Behavioural Nutrition and Physical Activity 4. Department of Health, 2004 At least five a week. Evidence on the impact of physical activity and its relationship to health. A report from the Chief Medical Officer 5. Are cyclists on the right path? by Steve Brocklehurst 6. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/scotland/4737899.stm 7. National outcomes-Scottish Government (www.scotland.gov.uk) 8. http://www.scotland.gov.uk/About/scotPerforms/outcomes/susplaces 9. Sustrans for access to Structural Reports and recommendation to visit Derry. 10. Margaret Wilson Quote 11. Stakeholders, Community Groups and Local Elected Members from Glasgow and South Lanarkshire. 12. Mo Durkan and Orla Rafferty from Ilex, Derry, Ireland for your warm welcome and tour of the Peace Bridge in 2011, also for the insightful quotes and access to the ‘One City One Plan’ documentation. 13. Glasgow City Council, Development and Regeneration Services for access to maps outlining Community Growth Areas. 14. Carmyle Primary School, Eco Group and Pupil Council for their illustrations and assistance.

Glasgow Community and Safety Services, Nye Bevan House 2, 20 India Street, Glasgow, G2 4PF. Telephone: 0141 276 7400 Fax: 0141 276 7699 Email: [email protected]

Glasgow Community and Safety Services is a limited company incorporated in Scotland (No. 130604) and a registered charity (SCO17889). Managing Director: Phil Walker