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A New Species and Redescriptions of Collembola from Antarctica1

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A New Species and Redescriptions of Collembola from Antarctica1 Pacific Insects 4 (4) : 887-894 December 15, 1962 A NEW SPECIES AND REDESCRIPTIONS OF COLLEMBOLA FROM ANTARCTICA1 By J. T. Salmon VICTORIA UNIVERSITY OF WELLINGTON, N.Z. Abstract: One new species of Collembola from Antarctica is described, from the sub­ family Hypogastrurinae. Redescriptions are given with illustrations of Friesea grisea (Schae- ffer), 1891 and Gomphiocephalus hodgsoni Carpenter, 1908. It has been possible to describe male and female of Friesea grisea. Introduction: The material dealt with in this paper was collected during the summer seasons 1959-60 and 1960-61 in Antarctica by Dr. M. E. Pryor of the University of Ten­ nessee, U. S. A., and members of the Bishop Museum Antarctic Research party (J. L. Gressitt, R. E. Leech, T. S. Leech, C. W. O'Brien, K. A. J. Wise). I am indebted to Dr. Pryor and to Dr. J. L. Gressitt of the Bishop Museum, Honolulu, for the opportunity to study this material. Hypogastrura antarctica Salmon, n. sp. Figs. 1-13. Color: Deep blue-black to black, but paler ventrally and on the appendages in some specimens. Clothing: Occasional short curved setae and numerous longer, stout, straight, stiff setae, especially posteriorly on the body. Body : Length up to 2.25 mm. Antennae shorter than the head with the four segments related as 10 : 14 : 14/16 : 20/22. Ant. IV with apical exsertile knob associated with several slender fairly straight sense rods on one surface (fig. 3) while on the opposite surface there are several longer, slender curved sense rods and some long setae. Sensory organ of Ant. Ill situated on the apical border of the segment and composed of two short, straight sense rods behind a low granulated integumentary fold, flanked on either side by a longer curved sense rod; the whole protected by five guard setae, three of which arise from Ant. Ill and two from Ant. IV (fig. 1). Ocelli eight to each side subequal. Postantennal organ rosette- shaped equal to an ocellus in size and formed of five peripheral lobes arranged round a central boss (fig. 5). Mandible with elongate, projecting head bearing five apical teeth, the anterior two the largest, the posterior one rudimentary (fig. 4). Maxilla head with two sickle-shaped teeth and three comb-like lamellae (fig. 2). Abd. Ill to Abd. IV as 28 : 35. Rami of tenaculum each with three barbs. Abd. VI with two anal spines, about half the length of the hind claw with slight or without distinct papillate bases (figs. 10 & ll). Genital aperture of male with setae as in fig. 13. Legs: Claw granulated basally, with distinct sub-apical outer tooth and inner tooth 1. Partial results of field work on grants from the United States Antarctic Research Program, Na­ tional Science Foundation. Pacific Insects Vol. 4, no. 4 Figs. 1-7. Hypogastrura antarctica n. sp.: 1, sense organ on Ant. Ill; 2, head of maxilla; 3, apex of Ant. IV; 4, head of mandible; 5, postantennal organ and adjacent ocellus; 6, mucro; 7, dens and mucro. (A=scale of figs. 1, 2, 3, 4 & 5. B=scale of fig. 6. C= scale of fig. 7.) at three-fifths down; unguiculus about half as long as claw, needle4ike with very broad semicircular inner lamella. A medium length basal seta to each side of claw and two clavate tenent hairs, about as long as claw, to each foot. Furcula: Manubrium and dens subequal, the dens longer than the mucro as 25 : 10. Mucro somewhat variable, upturned and swollen apically with one or two pleated lamellae (figs. 6, 8, 9) ; mucro sometimes granulated basally as in fig. 6. Dens ventrally with one long apical seta, two short median setae and three short basal setae; no dorsal setae. 1962 Salmon: Collembola from Antarctica 889 •Imm -Olmm C I i D i 1 J.T.S, del. Figs. 8-13. Hypogastrura antarctica n. sp.: 8, mucro of another speci­ men; 9, mucro of a further specimen; 10, anal spine; ll, anal spine of an­ other specimen; 12, hind foot; 13, genital aperture of #. (A==scale of figs. 10 & ll. B=scale of figs. 8 & 9. C=scale of fig. 12. D=scale of fig. 13.) Type data: Holotype, Bishop Mus. (3360), Honolulu. Paratypes: Author's Coll.; Do­ minion Mus., Wellington, New Zealand; U. S. Nat. Mus., Washington D. C, U. S. A.; Brit. Mus. Nat. Hist., London; Mus. Comparative Zool., Cambridge, U. S. A. Localities: Deception Island, S. Shetland Is., 63° 60' S, 35° W, on coast of Whale Bay, collected by R. E. Leech, 10. III. 1960; Base P. M. Cerda, R. E. & T. S. Leech, 18.1.1961; West side entrance to Deception Island, S. Shetlands, R. E. & T. S. Leech, 20.1.1961. Remarks'. This species is closest related morphologically to H. caduceator Carp, from Nyassaland and to H. similis (Nic.) from Europe. All these species have two tenent hairs to each foot but H. antarctica differs from the former species in the structures of the post- antennal organ and of the claw which in caduceator has two external teeth and no inner teeth. In H. similis the unguiculus has a long terminal bristle and the mucro is of different form from that of H. antarctica. 890 Pacific Insects Vol. 4, no. 4 J.TS. del. Figs. 14-25. Friesea grisea Schaeffer: 14, head of maxilla; 15, head of mandible; 16, left ocellar group; 17, apex of Ant. IV of £; 18, genital aper­ ture of & ; 19, anal spines of # from above; 20, middle foot; 21, sensory organ of Ant. Ill; 22, rami of tenaculum; 23, furcula-dorsal surface; 24, furcula from side; 25, anal spines from side. (A=scale of figs. 14, 15, 20, 22, 23 & 24. B=scale of figs. 17, 18 & 21. C=scale of fig. 16. Descale of fig. 19. E=scale of fig. 25.) SUBFAMILY BRACHYSTOMELLINAE Friesea grisea (Schaeffer), 1891 Figs. 14-29. Color: Varying from dark to light blue, usually paler ventrally and on the legs and furcula. 1962 Salmon: Collembola from Antarctica 891 Clothing: Sparse of short simple setae with a few longer ones posteriorly. Body: Length up to 1 mm. Cuticle coarsely granulated. Antennae shorter than the head, the segments broad and stout with segments III and IV partially fused. Ants. I : II: III & IV as 12 : 12 : 21 or the four segments related as 12 : 12 : 12 : 9. Apex of Ant. IV in male with a double exsertile knob and numerous straight tapering slender sense rods (figs. 26 and 28). Ant. IV in female with single apical exsertile knob and several long, stout, sharply bent sense rods (fig. 17). Sensory organ of Ant. Ill small, and consisting of two short, stout, sharply bent sense rods each in its own cuticular pocket but arising close together (fig. 21). Ocelli eight to each side, subequal, arranged with their associated setae as in fig. 16. Postantennal organ absent. Mandible protruding with seven apical teeth as in fig. 15. Maxilla elongated with saw toothed apical lobes as in fig. 14. Tena­ culum (fig. 22) without setae but with two stout barbs to each ramus. Abd. Ill to Abd. IV as 15 : 16. Abd. VI in male with two long, slender, erect, apical anal spines without papillae (figs. 19 and 25). Abd. VI in female with two pairs of long, slender, erect spines without papillae; one pair slightly anterior to the other and somewhat smaller (fig. 27). Genital aperture in male with two groups of four short setae and a group of 19 irregular­ ly spaced setae (fig. 18). In female with two short setae and 13-14 longer setae arranged as in fig. 29. Foot: Claw without any teeth; unguiculus vestigial. A long basal seta to each side of claw. In its perfect condition there are eight clavate tenent hairs, all longer than the claw, to each foot arranged with three externally, two lateral and three internal (fig. 20). Some of these tenent hairs are often absent, probably lost by abrasion, so that feet may sometimes have as few as four or five. Furcula : Vestigial, minute, not completely differentiated and showing only a very broad, short manubrium and two stumpy, coarsely granulated dentes, each bearing three short apical setae; mucrones absent (figs. 23 & 24). Localities: South Shetland Is.: F. I. D. S. Base, Admiralty Bay, King George L, 17. III. 1961, T. S. & R. E. Leech; Livingstone I., 62°43'S, 60°26/W, 22.1.1961, R. E. & T. S. Leech; Livingstone I., at False Bay, Elephant Point, 22.1.1961, R. E. & T. S. Leech; Isle de Ia Fuente, Grenwich I., 26. XII. 1960, R. E. Leech; Base Arturo Prat, Grenwich L, 26. XII. 1960, T. S. Leech; West of entrance to Deception I, 63° S, 60° 35' W, 45 rn, 9. III. 1960, R. E. Leech; West of entrance to Deception I., 20.1. 1961, T. S. & R. E. Leech: Torre I., near Grenwich I., near chinstrap penguins, 27. XII. 1960, R. E. Leech; Penguin I., 62° 6' S, 57° 56'W under stones and grass roots, ll. III. 1960, R. E. Leech; Gonsalez I., Grenwich I., 26. XII. 1960, R. E. Leech. Antarctica: Gonsales Videla Base, 2.1. 1961, R. E. Leech; and 4.1.1961, R. E. & T. S. Leech at 150m alt; Gonsales Videla Base, 64°47'S, 62° 49' W, 5.1. 1961, T. Leech; Palmer Peninsula, XII. 1960, R. E. Leech; Victoria Land, III. 1960, M. E. Pryor; Hallett Sound, 6.1.1959, Pryor; Hallett Station, under stones in skua rookery, 14. XI. 1960, K. A. J. Wise and under stones on scree slopes, 5.
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