CUSTOM ROM – a PROMINENT ASPECTS of ANDROID

Home , Android One, CyanogenMod, Rooting (Android)

ISSN: 2278 – 1323 International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Engineering & Technology (IJARCET) Volume 5, Issue 5, May 2016

CUSTOM ROM – A PROMINENT ASPECTS Of ANDROID

Saurabh Manjrekar, Ramesh Bhati

ABSTRACT --This paper tries to look behind the wheels of II. TYPES OF ROM’S android and keeping uncommon spotlight on custom rom's and essentially check for security misconfiguration's which There are two types of ROM’s available for the android could respect gadget trade off, which might bring about device, they are described below : malware disease or information robbery. Android comprises of a portable working framework in view of the Linux bit, A. Stock ROM: with middleware, libraries and APIs written in C and The ROM or the operating system provided application programming running on an application system bydefault by the device manufacturer. It is the which incorporates Java-perfect libraries taking into account official ROM for the device. Apache Harmony. Android utilizes the Dalvik virtual machine with without a moment to spare gathering to run B. Custom ROM: ordered Java code. Android OS utilized as a part of cell phone It is not the default ROM, it is developed mostly itself however now it comes in PC, Tablets, TVs. This by the third party developers. It can either be a modified version of the stock ROM or it can be different ways makes them allowed to get to web by various completely different from the stock ROM.Stock contingent applications. Which builds security dangers in ROMs generally contains vendor specific additions private and business applications, for example, web managing in them, where as Custom ROM’s have different an account or to get to corporate systems. In this paper, talk motives behind them. Some of the most common and about the Data security on Android OS. widely usable custom rom’sinclude :

Keywords- Custom ROM, STOCK ROM, Cyanogen Mod 1.1 CyanogenMod: The largest aftermarket firmware compiled from I. INTRODUCTION android ASOP and strives to be as close to ASOP code as possible. Source code is publically open. What is Android ROM? This allow us to configure the working of the After good response from the users using Symbian, iOS navigation bar, status bar, notification drawer and and Windows there came into market a new Operating hardware buttons , and also the ROM is regularly System called as Android. Android is the mobile operating updated and supports most of the devices system developed by Google. Android is a Linux-based 1.2 Paranoid Android: software system, and similar to Linux, is free and open Paranoid Android is second most popular custom rom source software. One of the most widely used mobile OS in Android World which has been competing against CyanogenMod since a long time.This rom enables the these days is ANDROID. Android is a software bunch user to customizeeverything in his way . There are a comprising not only operating system but also middleware number of cool unique features like hover and key applications.This is a main reason to make notifications, cool immersive mode (hides the status Android smartphones a very attractive target for attackers and navigation bars), dynamic system bars, peek and malware authors. notifications from lockscreen and ability to use gestures instead of the navigation buttons. Period Android iOS Windows BlackBerry Others 1.3 Cataclysm : Phone OS This Custom rom does not provide fancy look like 2015Q2 82.8% 13.9% 2.6% 0.3% 0.4% other custom rom’s.It mainly focuses on solid 2014Q2 84.8% 11.6% 2.5% 0.5% 0.7% performance. This ROM brings a lot of handy 2013Q2 79.8% 12.9% 3.4% 2.8% 1.2% additions like configurable toggles, lockscreen along 2012Q2 69.3% 16.6% 3.1% 4.9% 6.1% with customization options for status bar, notifications etc.

A custom ROM is one that has undergone any modification from being a pure distribution of Android. Google make the Android source code available for users to play around with, and people take this code and alter it for themselves. When you buy your Android device ,initially it has a default operating system which is called STOCK ROM . This ROM usually has limited functionality as defined by the phone’s manufacturer. By flashing a custom ROM, you can unlock extra features and sometimes improve the performance.

IV. WHAT IS ROOTING ?

Rooting is process of modifying the preinstalled operating system so that you can have complete control over it. you can overcome limitations that the manufacturers puts on your phone. After getting root you can extend system systemfunctionality , It gives permission to alter system application , settings , run specialized applications which require administrator-level permissions . hence it increases little amount of security.

V. SUPERUSER

The user with full administrative privileges for accessing the device is known as a super user. Super user is unlocked when the device is rooted.

VI. STEPSTO INSTALL CUSTOM ROM

For this guide, you will need:

1. Unlocked bootloader 2. Custom Recovery 3. Android Device 4. GApps 5. Custom ROM

1. Step 1: Download a ROM

Find a ROM for your device from XDA developerssite.Make sure you download the right one for your device. Many phones have several variants.Once you have found the ROM you want, download the ZIP file .This type of zip file may have different size, its depend upon you which custom Rom of your android version you looking for rooting. Do not extract it! Then find the corresponding GApps Save your ROM and GApps to your SD card.

2. Step 2: Boot into Recovery

To boot into recovery use your recovery combo buttons.On most devices it is “Hold Volume Down + Power” for 5seconds. Once you are in recovery, you should see something like …

VII. AdvantagesOf Rooting 1. Full control Over Android, 2. Back Up And Restore The Whole System, 3. Save Space On Your Device, 4. Run Special Applications, 5. Allow To install Custom ROMs.

VIII. Benefits of switching to a Custom ROM Fig. 2 Mobile Screenshot for Updating Operating System 3. Performance 6. Customization On a custom ROM, you’ll be able to over clock your Custom ROMs offer features that are not in stock hardware to get big performance increases. These Android and many other options you can’t get changes can really show when you’re playing with elsewhere. For example, a custom ROM allows you high graphics games or with application. Another way to: a ROM can improve performance is by removing  Install skins to customizelook and user interface. carrier or OEM-installed apps, known as bloatware,  Customize the quick settings menu Android includes which can free up system resources. shortcuts.  Easily over clock your device to make it run faster or under clock it to make it run slower to save battery life.  Disable the volume warning that Android constantly shows when you increase the system volume while headphones are plugged in. Fig. 1 Mobile Screenshot for Disable System Default Application.  Hide the bottom navigation bar (on-screen buttons) to 4. Battery Life get more screen real estate. Some Custom Rom’s come with lower voltage limits  Easily enable root access by toggling a system that runs your phone just as fast , but uses less battery. Higher clock speed increase performance on your setting. phone .Flashing a new kernel allow you to overclock your phone using higher higher clock speed than 7. Configure App Permissions the manufacturer . You can dial it back a bit by underclocking. With your processor running at a lower  Custom ROMs enables user to manage Android app speed, you can often extend battery life permissions, so user can prevent important data from 5. Updates tracking your GPS location and play Android games While using Custom Rom you don’t need to wait for without giving them your identity information. an updates of operating system i.e. next version of O.S. Some times manufacturers will cut support for your device entirely. This leaves you stuck with a phone with an old version of Android . One way is Custom Rom on latest Android version .You can download custom rom of latest android version and flash a ROM based on it.

Fig. 3Screenshot For Application Custom Configuration

8. Install Apps on SD card XII. REFERENCES This is currently not possible with stock ROMs. If your phone ran out of space occasionally when install new apps [1] Gartner, “Mobile Device Sales Q3 2011,” this is a feature must have. November2015. http://www.gartner.com/it/page.jsp?id=1848514 march 16, 9. Better signal and quality 2015 2:24pm [2] X. Jiang, “Ginger Master: First Android Malware Custom ROMs help you to improve your base-band which Utilizing a Root Exploit on Android 2.3 (Gingerbread),” in turn increases the signal and quality of your phone call. August 2011. [3] http://gadgets.ndtv.com/mobiles/news/windows-phone- grows-104-percent-year-over-year-in-q4-2013-abi- IX. DISADVANTAGES OF CUSTOM ROMs research-478672 march 16, 2015 2:14pm [4] Android Team, “Platform Versions,” March 20, 1. Bricking 20153:20pm.http://developer.android.com/resources/dashb This is one of the main reason why people hesitate oard/platform-versions.html to root their devices. Some devices after the [5] Cyanogen. (2012). Android Community Operating rooting process may become useless and the only System. Retrieved March, 2014, from option left with you is to get a new one as the http://www.cyanogenmod.org/ manufacturer will cancel the warranty if they find [6] http://www.androidpolice.com/2010/05/01/custom- any attempts of rooting. roms-for-android-explained-and-why-you-want-them/ [7] http://forum.cyanogenmod.org/ 2. LossofallData [8]http://forum.xda- When you install a new custom ROM, it will clean developers.com/android/general/discussion-cyanogenmod- up your system and therefore you will loss all 13-xiaomi-t3321920 your installed apps and data. [9] http://stackoverflow.com/questions/7026391/android- 3. RiskFactor book-for-custom-rom-building Most of the apps will be open source and the trust [10] https://www.facebook.com/xda.developers/?fref=ts you have on developers may cause a potential risk [11] http://en.miui.com/forum.php to you in the future.

4. Reboot 1. Mr. Saurabh Manjrekar – Currently pursuing If the rooting is not successfully done, the device Master’s in Computer Application (Third year) at may enter to an infinite loop of booting. ASM’s Institute of Management & Computer Studies (IMCOST), Mumbai. X. Conclusion 2. Mr. Ramesh Bhati – Currently pursuing Master’s in To gain the full control (administrative control) over the Computer Application (Third year) at ASM’s device, an android device can easily be rooted. Rooting is Institute of Management & Computer Studies installation of the custom ROMS in the device. Android is (IMCOST), Mumbai. open source thus, it is easy to access its code. Making the changes in the android’s official ROM codemay result in new ROM’s. There are various pros and cons of rooting a device as discussed above. The user with full administrator control is known as a super user. And to be as upper user a user has to root his/her device.

XI. Acknowledgement

We thank our colleagues from IMCOST who provided insight and expertise that greatly assisted the research, although they may not agree with all of the interpretations/conclusions of this paper. We thank Mrs. Sheeba and Mrs. Apexafor assistance us by providing proper IEEE formats and all faculties for guiding us.