DOCSLIB.ORG

CROP WILD RELATIVE CONSERVATION and USE This Page Intentionally Left Blank CROP WILD RELATIVE CONSERVATION and USE

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
CROP WILD RELATIVE CONSERVATION and USE This Page Intentionally Left Blank CROP WILD RELATIVE CONSERVATION and USE CROP WILD RELATIVE CONSERVATION AND USE This page intentionally left blank CROP WILD RELATIVE CONSERVATION AND USE Edited by N. Maxted, J.M. Iriondo, School of Biosciences, Area de Biodiversidad y University of Birmingham, Conservación, ESCET, Edgbaston, Birmingham, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, B15 2TT, UK. c/Tulipán s/n, E-28933 Móstoles, Madrid, Spain. B.V. Ford-Lloyd, School of Biosciences, E. Dulloo, University of Birmingham, Bioversity International, Edgbaston, Birmingham, Maccarese 00057, Rome, B15 2TT, UK. Italy. S.P. Kell, and School of Biosciences, J. Turok, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, Bioversity International, B15 2TT, UK. Maccarese 00057, Rome, Italy. CABI is a trading name of CAB International CABI Head Office CABI North American Office Nosworthy Way 875 Massachusetts Avenue Wallingford 7th Floor Oxfordshire OX10 8DE Cambridge, MA 02139 UK USA Tel: +44 (0)1491 832111 Tel: +1 617 395 4056 Fax: +44 (0)1491 833508 Fax: +1 617 354 6875 E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.cabi.org ©CAB International 2008. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form or by any means, electronically, mechanically, by photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owners. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library, London, UK. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Crop wild relative conservation and use / edited by N. Maxted … [et al.]. p. cm. ISBN 978-1-84593-099-8 (alk. paper) -- ISBN 978-1-84593-307-4 (ebook) 1. Crops--Germplasm resources. 2. Germplasm resources, Plant. 3. Genetic resources conservation. I. Maxted, Nigel. II. Title. SB123. 3. C768 2007 333. 95' 34--dc22 2007017714 ISBN 978 1 84593 099 8 Typeset by SPi, Pondicherry, India. Printed and bound in the UK by Biddles Ltd., King’s Lynn. Contents Contributors xi Jack Hawkes: Plant Collector, Researcher, xviii Mentor and Visionary Preface xxi Foreword xxiii Acknowledgements xxvii Part I Crop Wild Relative Conservation and Use: an Overview 1 Crop Wild Relative Conservation and Use: 3 Establishing the Context N. Maxted, S.P. Kell and B.V. Ford-Lloyd 2 Addressing the Conservation and Sustainable Utilization of 31 Crop Wild Relatives: the International Policy Context N. Azzu and L. Collette 3 Crop Wild Relatives: Putting Information in a European 49 Policy Context D. Richard, G. Augusto, D. Evans and G. Loïs 4 Crop Wild Relatives in Armenia: Diversity, Legislation and 58 Conservation Issues A. Avagyan v vi Contents Part II Establishing Inventories and Conservation Priorities 5 Crops and Wild Relatives of the Euro-Mediterranean Region: 69 Making and Using a Conservation Catalogue S.P. Kell, H. Knüpffer, S.L. Jury, B.V. Ford-Lloyd and N. Maxted 6 Establishing Conservation Priorities for Crop Wild 110 Relatives B. Ford-Lloyd, S.P. Kell and N. Maxted 7 Creation of a National Crop Wild Relative Strategy: 120 a Case Study for the United Kingdom M. Scholten, N. Maxted, S.P. Kell and B.V. Ford-Lloyd 8 National Crop Wild Relative In Situ Conservation 143 Strategy for Russia T.N. Smekalova 9 Diversity and Conservation Needs of Crop Wild Relatives 152 in Finland H. Korpelainen, S. Takaluoma, M. Pohjamo and J. Helenius 10 Crop Wild Relatives in the Netherlands: Actors and 165 Protection Measures R. Hoekstra, M.G.P. van Veller and B. Odé 11 European Forest Genetic Resources: Status of Current 178 Knowledge and Conservation Priorities F. Lefèvre, E. Collin, B.De Cuyper, B. Fady, J. Koskela, J. Turok and G. von Wühlisch 12 Using GIS Models to Locate Potential Sites for Wheat 195 Wild Relative Conservation in the Palestinian Authority Areas S. Allahham and H. Hasasneh Part III Threat and Conservation Assessment 13 IUCN Red Listing of Crop Wild Relatives: is a National 211 Approach as Diffi cult as Some Think? J. Magos Brehm, M. Mitchell, N. Maxted, B.V. Ford-Lloyd and M.A. Martins-Loução 14 Traditional Farming Systems in South-eastern Turkey: 243 the Imperative of In Situ Conservation of Endangered Wild Annual Cicer Species S. Abbo, C. Can, S. Lev-Yadun and M. Ozaslan Contents vii 15 Ecogeographical Representativeness in Crop Wild Relative 249 Ex Situ Collections M. Parra-Quijano, D. Draper, E. Torres and J.M. Iriondo Part IV Genetic Erosion and Genetic Pollution 16 Genetic Erosion and Genetic Pollution of Crop Wild 277 Relatives: the PGR Forum Perspective and Achievements E. Bettencourt, B.V. Ford-Lloyd and S. Dias 17 Assessing the Potential for Ecological Harm from Gene 287 Flow to Crop Wild Relatives M.J. Wilkinson and C.S. Ford 18 Reciprocal Introgression between Wild and Cultivated 296 Peach Palm (Bactris gasipaes Kunth, Arecaceae) in Western Ecuador J.-C. Pintaud, T.L.P. Couvreur, C. Lara, B. Ludeña and J.-L. Pham 19 Impoverishment of the Gene Pool of the 309 Genus Aegilops L. in Armenia M. Harutyunyan, A. Avagyan and M. Hovhannisyan Part V In Situ Conservation 20 Crop Wild Relative In Situ Management and Monitoring: 319 the Time Has Come J.M. Iriondo and L. De Hond 21 Does Agriculture Confl ict with In Situ Conservation? 331 a Case Study on the Use of Wild Relatives by Yam Farmers in Benin N. Scarcelli, S. Tostain, M.N. Baco, C. Agbangla, O. Daïnou, Y. Vigouroux and J.L. Pham 22 Management Plans for Promoting In Situ Conservation of 340 Local Agrobiodiversity in the West Asia Centre of Plant Diversity N. Al-Atawneh, A. Amri, R. Assi and N. Maxted 23 In Situ Conservation Strategy for Wild Lima Bean 364 (Phaseolus lunatus L.) Populations in the Central Valley of Costa Rica: a Case Study of Short-lived Perennial Plants with a Mixed Mating System J.-P. Baudoin, O.J. Rocha, J. Degreef, I. Zoro Bi, M. Ouédraogo, L. Guarino and A. Toussaint viii Contents 24 Population Performance of Arnica montana L. in 380 Different Habitats . J. Radušiene and J. Labokas 25 A Designated Nature Reserve for In Situ Conservation 389 of Wild Emmer Wheat (Triticum dicoccoides (Körn.) Aaronsohn) in Northern Israel D. Kaplan 26 Integrating Wild Plants and Landrace Conservation 394 in Farming Systems: a Perspective from Italy V. Negri, F. Branca and G. Castellini Part VI Ex Situ Conservation 27 Ex Situ Conservation of Wild Species: Services Provided 407 by Botanic Gardens P.P. Smith 28 Conservation of Spanish Wild Oats: Avena canariensis, 413 A. prostrata and A. murphyi P. García, L.E. Sáenz de Miera, F.J. Vences, M. Benchacho and M. Pérez de la Vega 29 Analysis of Wild Lactuca Gene Bank Accessions and 429 Implications for Wild Species Conservation T.S. Rajicic and K.J. Dehmer 30 The Role of Botanic Gardens in the Conservation of 437 Crop Wild Relatives S. Sharrock and D. Wyse-Jackson 31 A National Italian Network to Improve Seed Conservation 443 of Wild Native Species (‘RIBES’) C. Bonomi, G. Rossi and G. Bedini 32 Linking In Situ and Ex Situ Conservation with 450 Use of Crop Wild Relatives N. Maxted and S.P. Kell Part VII Information Management 33 CWRIS: an Information Management System to Aid Crop 471 Wild Relative Conservation and Sustainable Use S.P. Kell, J.D. Moore, J.M. Iriondo, M.A. Scholten, B.V. Ford-Lloyd and N. Maxted 34 Crop Wild Relatives in the ECPGR Central Crop Databases: 492 a Case Study in Beta L. and Avena L. C.U. Germeier and L. Frese Contents ix 35 Crop Wild Relative Information: Developing a Tool for its 504 Management and Use I. Thormann, A. Lane, K. Durah, M.E. Dulloo and S. Gaiji 36 Managing Passport Data Associated with Seed Collections 513 from Wild Populations: Increasing Potential for Conservation and Use of Crop Wild Relatives in Israel R. Hadas, A. Sirota, M. Agami and A. Horovitz 37 Some Thoughts on Sources of News about Crop 521 Wild Relatives L. Guarino Part VIII Gene Donors for Crop Improvement 38 Using Crop Wild Relatives for Crop Improvement: 535 Trends and Perspectives T. Hodgkin and R. Hajjar 39 The Secondary Gene Pool of Barley as Gene Donors for 549 Crop Improvement M. Scholz, B. Ruge-Wehling, A. Habekuß, G. Pendinen, O. Schrader, K. Flath, E. Große and P. Wehling 40 Exploitation of Wild Cereals for Wheat Improvement in the 556 Institute for Cereal Crops Improvement E. Millet, J. Manisterski and P. Ben-Yehuda 41 Using Crop Wild Relatives as Sources of Useful Genes 566 G. Sonnante and D. Pignone 42 Genetic Systems and the Conservation of Wild Relatives 577 of Crops D. Zohary Part IX Use of Crop Wild Relatives and Underutilized Species 43 The Use and Economic Potential of Wild Species: 585 an Overview V.H. Heywood 44 Minor Crops and Underutilized Species: Lessons and 605 Prospects S. Padulosi, I. Hoeschle-Zeledon and P. Bordoni 45 Conservation and Use of Wild-harvested Medicinal Plants 625 in Sri Lanka R.S.S. Ratnayake and C.S. Kariyawasam x Contents 46 Use of Wild Plant Species: the Market Perspective 632 S. Curtis 47 Linking Conservation with Sustainable Use: Quercus 638 ilex subsp. rotundifolia (Lam) O. Schwarz in Traditional Agro-sylvo-pastoral Systems in Southern Portugal C.M. Sousa-Correia, J.M. Abreu, S. Ferreira-Dias, J.C. Rodrigues, A. Alves, N. Maxted and B.V. Ford-Lloyd Part X Global Issues in Crop Wild Relative Conservation and Use 48 The Crop Wild Relative Specialist Group of the IUCN 651 Species Survival Commission M.E. Dulloo and N. Maxted 49 Towards a Global Strategy for the Conservation and 657 Use of Crop Wild Relatives V.H. Heywood, S.P. Kell and N. Maxted Index 667 Contributors S. Abbo, The Levi Eshkol School of Agriculture, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Comportement De Trois Espèces De Vesce Sous L'effet D'un Stress Hydrique
    IOSR Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science (IOSR-JAVS) ISSN: 2319-2380, ISBN: 2319-2372. Volume 2, Issue 1 (Jan. - Feb. 2013), PP 50-56 www.iosrjournals.org Effect of Drought on Growth and Chlorophyll Content in Three Vetch Species Sywar Haffani1, Majid Mezni2 and Wided Chaïbi1 1Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Campus Universitaire, 1060, le Belvédère, Tunisie. 2Université de Carthage, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique de Tunisie, Rue Hédi Karray, 2049 Ariana, Tunisie. Abstract: Plants in the nature are constantly exposed to biotic and abiotic stresses. Among these stresses, the drought is the mainly important factor unfavorable to the growth and the development of plants, and it is considered as a threat in the sustainable agriculture especially in dry regions. The aim of this work is to study the effect of 4 water regimes [100% (control) - 80 - 60 and 40% of the field capacity (FC)] on the dimensional and weight growth and on the chlorophyll content in three vetch species (Vicia narbonensis, V. sativa and V. villosa). The experiment was carried out under greenhouse in a randomized complete block design with four replicates. The sowing was realized by one pre-germinating seed per pot. The water stress was imposed at the two leaves stage. The parameters were determined after 71 days of drought. Results showed that height, leaf area and dry matter of shoots and roots decreased significantly with the water stress intensities on the three vetch species. However, V. villosa was the most sensitive one at this stage of growth, compared to Narbonne vetch. The biomass reduction was in concomitance with an important decrease in chlorophyll content which reached 44% and 20% respectively for V.
    [Show full text]
  • Draft Carpathian Red List of Forest Habitats
    CARPATHIAN RED LIST OF FOREST HABITATS AND SPECIES CARPATHIAN LIST OF INVASIVE ALIEN SPECIES (DRAFT) PUBLISHED BY THE STATE NATURE CONSERVANCY OF THE SLOVAK REPUBLIC 2014 zzbornik_cervenebornik_cervene zzoznamy.inddoznamy.indd 1 227.8.20147.8.2014 222:36:052:36:05 © Štátna ochrana prírody Slovenskej republiky, 2014 Editor: Ján Kadlečík Available from: Štátna ochrana prírody SR Tajovského 28B 974 01 Banská Bystrica Slovakia ISBN 978-80-89310-81-4 Program švajčiarsko-slovenskej spolupráce Swiss-Slovak Cooperation Programme Slovenská republika This publication was elaborated within BioREGIO Carpathians project supported by South East Europe Programme and was fi nanced by a Swiss-Slovak project supported by the Swiss Contribution to the enlarged European Union and Carpathian Wetlands Initiative. zzbornik_cervenebornik_cervene zzoznamy.inddoznamy.indd 2 115.9.20145.9.2014 223:10:123:10:12 Table of contents Draft Red Lists of Threatened Carpathian Habitats and Species and Carpathian List of Invasive Alien Species . 5 Draft Carpathian Red List of Forest Habitats . 20 Red List of Vascular Plants of the Carpathians . 44 Draft Carpathian Red List of Molluscs (Mollusca) . 106 Red List of Spiders (Araneae) of the Carpathian Mts. 118 Draft Red List of Dragonfl ies (Odonata) of the Carpathians . 172 Red List of Grasshoppers, Bush-crickets and Crickets (Orthoptera) of the Carpathian Mountains . 186 Draft Red List of Butterfl ies (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea) of the Carpathian Mts. 200 Draft Carpathian Red List of Fish and Lamprey Species . 203 Draft Carpathian Red List of Threatened Amphibians (Lissamphibia) . 209 Draft Carpathian Red List of Threatened Reptiles (Reptilia) . 214 Draft Carpathian Red List of Birds (Aves). 217 Draft Carpathian Red List of Threatened Mammals (Mammalia) .
    [Show full text]
  • An Evolutionary Perspective on Human Cross-Sensitivity to Tree Nut and Seed Allergens," Aliso: a Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany: Vol
    Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany Volume 33 | Issue 2 Article 3 2015 An Evolutionary Perspective on Human Cross- sensitivity to Tree Nut and Seed Allergens Amanda E. Fisher Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden, Claremont, California, [email protected] Annalise M. Nawrocki Pomona College, Claremont, California, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarship.claremont.edu/aliso Part of the Botany Commons, Evolution Commons, and the Nutrition Commons Recommended Citation Fisher, Amanda E. and Nawrocki, Annalise M. (2015) "An Evolutionary Perspective on Human Cross-sensitivity to Tree Nut and Seed Allergens," Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany: Vol. 33: Iss. 2, Article 3. Available at: http://scholarship.claremont.edu/aliso/vol33/iss2/3 Aliso, 33(2), pp. 91–110 ISSN 0065-6275 (print), 2327-2929 (online) AN EVOLUTIONARY PERSPECTIVE ON HUMAN CROSS-SENSITIVITY TO TREE NUT AND SEED ALLERGENS AMANDA E. FISHER1-3 AND ANNALISE M. NAWROCKI2 1Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden and Claremont Graduate University, 1500 North College Avenue, Claremont, California 91711 (Current affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, California State University, Long Beach, 1250 Bellflower Boulevard, Long Beach, California 90840); 2Pomona College, 333 North College Way, Claremont, California 91711 (Current affiliation: Amgen Inc., [email protected]) 3Corresponding author ([email protected]) ABSTRACT Tree nut allergies are some of the most common and serious allergies in the United States. Patients who are sensitive to nuts or to seeds commonly called nuts are advised to avoid consuming a variety of different species, even though these may be distantly related in terms of their evolutionary history.
    [Show full text]
  • University of Southampton Research Repository Eprints Soton
    University of Southampton Research Repository ePrints Soton Copyright © and Moral Rights for this thesis are retained by the author and/or other copyright owners. A copy can be downloaded for personal non-commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge. This thesis cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the copyright holder/s. The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. When referring to this work, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given e.g. AUTHOR (year of submission) "Full thesis title", University of Southampton, name of the University School or Department, PhD Thesis, pagination http://eprints.soton.ac.uk UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHAMPTON A REVISION OF Vicia SUBGENUS Vicia USING DATABASE TECHNIQUES A Thesis submitted for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the University of Southampton by Nigel Maxted Department of Biology September, 199 0 "What we cannot speak about we must passover in silence" Wittgenstein (1974) "The revolution , if such it is to be, will arise from the application of computers to systematics, both in data-processing and in the more restricted field of production of classifications and keys." Heywood (1974) 11 UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHAMPTON ABSTRACT FACULTY OF SCIENCE BIOLOGY Doctor of Philosophy A REVISION OF VICIA SUBGENUS VICIA USING DATABASE TECHNIQUES by Nigel Maxted The thesis investigates the applications of contemporary database technology to enhance the process and production of a taxonomic revision.
    [Show full text]
  • The Toxicity of Vicia Species and Their Utilisation As Grain Legumes
    cñ[Ptx¡ s$9 % The toxicity of Vicía speci zftrU $95 their utilisation as grain le es oÇ Dissertation for the degree I)octor of Philosophy in Agricultural Science by Dirk Enneking B.Ag.Sc. (Adelaide) Universify of Adelaide Waite Agricultural Research Institute South Australia June, 1994 uplA zIpIA'luaA I)eclaration This work contains no m¿terial which has been accepted for the award of any other degree or diploma in any universþ or other tertiary institution and, to the best of my knowledge and beliet contains no material previousþ published or written by another person, except where due reference has been made in the text. I girre consent to this copy of my thesis, when deposited in the University Library, being available for loan and photocopytng SrG* o ?. :. .t..è... 1. .? ^rB:..7. 11 Acknowledgements I would like to tha¡k the many people who have contributed their time, thought and resorrçes to the successfirl completion of this study. The m¡ny discussions with friends and colleagues, and the written correspondence with overseas researchers have heþed to formulate and test many ideas. Scientific collaboration with the late Dr. R L. Davies, Dr. Phil Glatz, Llmne Giles and Dr. Nigel Maxted has been one of the key features of the study. Individual contributions are acknowledged in the relevant sections of this thesis. I would also like to thank the staffat the South Austraïan Department of Agriculture's Northfiekl Piggery and Parafield Poultry Research Centre, particularþ J¡nine Baker and Andrew Cecil, for carrying out the animal experiments. This study would not have been possible without the continuous help of Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • 3Ksc Lichtarge Lab 2006
    Pages 1–15 3ksc Evolutionary trace report by report maker May 12, 2010 4.3.1 Alistat 14 4.3.2 CE 14 4.3.3 DSSP 14 4.3.4 HSSP 15 4.3.5 LaTex 15 4.3.6 Muscle 15 4.3.7 Pymol 15 4.4 Note about ET Viewer 15 4.5 Citing this work 15 4.6 About report maker 15 4.7 Attachments 15 1 INTRODUCTION From the original Protein Data Bank entry (PDB id 3ksc): Title: Crystal structure of pea prolegumin, an 11s seed globulin from pisum sativum l. Compound: Mol id: 1; molecule: lega class; chain: a, b, c, d, e, f; CONTENTS synonym: prolegumin; engineered: yes Organism, scientific name: Pisum Sativum; 1 Introduction 1 3ksc contains a single unique chain 3kscE (383 residues long) and its homologues 3kscA, 3kscF, 3kscD, 3kscC, and 3kscB. 2 Chain 3kscE 1 2.1 Q41676 overview 1 2.2 Multiple sequence alignment for 3kscE 1 2.3 Residue ranking in 3kscE 1 2.4 Top ranking residues in 3kscE and their position on 2 CHAIN 3KSCE the structure 1 2.4.1 Clustering of residues at 25% coverage. 2 2.1 Q41676 overview 2.4.2 Overlap with known functional surfaces at From SwissProt, id Q41676, 78% identical to 3kscE: 25% coverage. 2 Description: Legumin A precursor. 2.4.3 Possible novel functional surfaces at 25% Organism, scientific name: Vicia narbonensis (Narbonne vetch). coverage. 10 Taxonomy: Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta; Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; eudicotyledons; core 3 Notes on using trace results 13 eudicotyledons; rosids; eurosids I; Fabales; Fabaceae; Papilionoi- 3.1 Coverage 13 deae; Vicieae; Vicia.
    [Show full text]
  • An Evolutionary Perspective on Human Cross-Sensitivity to Tree Nut and Seed Allergens," Aliso: a Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany: Vol
    Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany Volume 33 | Issue 2 Article 3 2015 An Evolutionary Perspective on Human Cross- sensitivity to Tree Nut and Seed Allergens Amanda E. Fisher Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden, Claremont, California Annalise M. Nawrocki Pomona College, Claremont, California Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarship.claremont.edu/aliso Part of the Botany Commons, Evolution Commons, and the Nutrition Commons Recommended Citation Fisher, Amanda E. and Nawrocki, Annalise M. (2015) "An Evolutionary Perspective on Human Cross-sensitivity to Tree Nut and Seed Allergens," Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany: Vol. 33: Iss. 2, Article 3. Available at: http://scholarship.claremont.edu/aliso/vol33/iss2/3 Aliso, 33(2), pp. 91–110 ISSN 0065-6275 (print), 2327-2929 (online) AN EVOLUTIONARY PERSPECTIVE ON HUMAN CROSS-SENSITIVITY TO TREE NUT AND SEED ALLERGENS AMANDA E. FISHER1-3 AND ANNALISE M. NAWROCKI2 1Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden and Claremont Graduate University, 1500 North College Avenue, Claremont, California 91711 (Current affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, California State University, Long Beach, 1250 Bellflower Boulevard, Long Beach, California 90840); 2Pomona College, 333 North College Way, Claremont, California 91711 (Current affiliation: Amgen Inc., [email protected]) 3Corresponding author ([email protected]) ABSTRACT Tree nut allergies are some of the most common and serious allergies in the United States. Patients who are sensitive to nuts or to seeds commonly called nuts are advised to avoid consuming a variety of different species, even though these may be distantly related in terms of their evolutionary history. This is because studies in the literature report that patients often display sensitivity to multiple nut species (cross- sensitivity) if they have an existing nut allergy.
    [Show full text]
  • The Cytogenetics and Evolution of Forage Legumes from Rio Grande Do Sul: a Review
    Genetics and Molecular Biology, 23, 4, 989-995 (2000) Cytogenetics of forage legumes 989 The cytogenetics and evolution of forage legumes from Rio Grande do Sul: a review Maria Teresa Schifino-Wittmann Departamento de Plantas Forrageiras e Agrometeorologia, Faculdade de Agronomia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Caixa Postal 776, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil. Fax: +55-51-316-6045. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract Schifino and Winge, 1983), Setaria Beauv. (Freitas-Sacchet et al., 1984) and Sorghastrum Nash. (Flores and Valls, 1987). The work developed by the Cytogenetics Group of the Depart- The cytogenetics of native legumes started with the ment of Forage Plants and Agrometeorology (Departamento de work of Mohrdieck (1950), who first counted the chromo- Plantas Forrageiras e Agrometerologia - DPFA), Agronomy Fac- somes of Trifolium riograndense, but this work was dis- ulty, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), are re- continued for three decades until, in the early 80’s, the cy- viewed in the present study. Topics discussed include: the chro- togenetics group at Department of Forage Plants and mosome numbers and meiotic behavior of Desmodium and Vigna; Agrometeorology (DPFA) began to be formed. the application of cytogenetic methods (e.g., polyploidy induction in Trifolium riograndense) to plant breeding; the genetic control In this study we present a review of our work on the of chromosome pairing in autopolyploids of T. riograndense; cytogenetics of forage legumes, along with a more detailed karyotypes of the Vicia sativa aggregate in Southern Brazil as an description of some specific cases in which cytogenetic example of a founder effect leading to a reduction in karyotype but information has been linked to plant breeding and evolu- not to morphological variability; data on the karyotypes of four tionary studies.
    [Show full text]
  • Achievements and Challenges in Legume Breeding for Pest and Disease Resistance
    This is a post print of: Rubiales, D., Fondevilla, S., Chen, W., Gentzbittel, L., Higgins, T.J.V., Castillejo, M.A., Singh, K.B. & Rispail, N., 2015. Achievements and challenges in legume breeding for pest and disease resistance. Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences 34: 195-236. DOI: 10.1080/07352689.2014.898445. Printed version can be visited at: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/07352689.2014.898445 1 Achievements and Challenges in Legume Breeding for Pest and Disease Resistance Diego Rubiales1, Sara Fondevilla2, Weidong Chen3, Laurent Gentzbittel4, Thomas J. V. Higgins5, María A. Castillejo6, Karam B. Singh7 and Nicolas Rispail1 1 Institute for Sustainable Agriculture, CSIC, Apdo. 4084, 14080 Córdoba, Spain 2 Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Frankfurt, Max-von Laue Str. 9, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany 3 Department of Plant Pathology, Washington State University, USDA-ARS, USA 4 Université de Toulouse, EcoLab, ENSAT, 18 chemin de Borderouge, 31326 Castanet Tolosan, France 5 CSIRO Plant Industry, GPO Box 1600, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia 6 Department Molecular Systems Biology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria 7 CSIRO Plant Industry, Private Bag 5, Wembley, WA 6913, Australia 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS I. Current and expected future importance of major biotic stresses on legume crops ………………………………………….……… 5 A. Biotrophic fungi ……………………………………………….... 5 B. Foliar necrotrophic fungi ………………………………….……. 7 C. Soil-borne, necrotrophic and hemibiotrophic fungi and oomycetes ……………………………………………..……… 8 D. Parasitic weeds ………………………………………………… 11 E. Viruses …………………………………………………………. 12 F. Bacteria …………………………………………………………. 14 G. Insects ………………………………………………………….. 16 H. Nematodes ……………………………………………………… 17 II. Current understanding of plant pathogen interaction in legumes …. 19 A. Histology ………………………………………………………….. 20 B. Transcriptomic ……………………………………………………. 23 C. Proteomics ……………………………………………….……….
    [Show full text]
  • With High Species Richness of Potato Wild Relatives Recommendations
    FIGURE 19 Areas identified by Hijmans et al. (2002) with high species richness of potato wild relatives Recommendations t The establishment of potato parks in centres of potato diversity, such as that in the Cusco region of Peru by the indigenous Quechua people working in collaboration with CIP scientists (www.cipotato.org), has focused attention on the in situ protection of landrace diversity, but the continued practice of traditional agriculture will also favour maintenance of wild potato species. Similarly highly diverse cultivars of S. tuberosum subsp. andigena and related cultivated species are found in the Tiahuanaco region of south of Peru and north of Bolivia and this region may be suitable for establishment of a further potato park. t It seems likely that although many Solanum species have restricted distributions they will be found in existing national parks and other protected areas. In situ conservation of potatoes is of considerable importance for the wild species, but since there are a large number of species and they commonly have a restricted distribution, it is clearly impossible to establish reserves for each of them. It would, however, be valuable to establish reserves in the mountains and plains surrounding Mexico City where late blight (Phytophthora infestans) resistant species, such as S. demissum, S. verrucosum and S. stoloniferum, occur. Frost-resistant species, such as S. acaule should also be conserved in southern Peru and northern Bolivia. A thorough review of all current and potential wild species gene donors should be undertaken in order to afford these species high priority status for in situ conservation.
    [Show full text]
  • WO 2017/202946 Al 30 November 2017 (30.11.2017) W !P O PCT
    (12) INTERNATIONAL APPLICATION PUBLISHED UNDER THE PATENT COOPERATION TREATY (PCT) (19) World Intellectual Property Organization International Bureau (10) International Publication Number (43) International Publication Date WO 2017/202946 Al 30 November 2017 (30.11.2017) W !P O PCT (51) International Patent Classification: Published: C12N 9/5 (2006.01) — with international search report (Art. 21(3)) (21) International Application Number: — before the expiration of the time limit for amending the PCT/EP2017/062598 claims and to be republished in the event of receipt of amendments (Rule 48.2(h)) (22) International Filing Date: — with sequence listing part of description (Rule 5.2(a)) 24 May 2017 (24.05.2017) (25) Filing Language: English (26) Publication Langi English (30) Priority Data: 16170964.7 24 May 2016 (24.05.2016) EP (71) Applicant: NOVOZYMES A/S [DK/DK]; Krogshoejvej 36, 2880 Bagsvaerd (DK). (72) Inventors: CARSTENSEN, Lone; Krogshoejvej 36, 2880 Bagsvaerd (DK). SPODSBERG, Nikolaj; Krogshoejvej 36, 2880 Bagsvaerd (DK). GJERMANSEN, Morten; Krogshoejvej 36, 2880 Bagsvaerd (DK). SALOMON, Jes- per; Krogshoejvej 36, 2880 Bagsvaerd (DK). KROGH, Kristian, B,R,M,; Krogshoejvej 36, 2880 Bagsvaerd (DK). (81) Designated States (unless otherwise indicated, for every kind of national protection available): AE, AG, AL, AM, AO, AT, AU, AZ, BA, BB, BG, BH, BN, BR, BW, BY, BZ, CA, CH, CL, CN, CO, CR, CU, CZ, DE, DJ, DK, DM, DO, DZ, EC, EE, EG, ES, FI, GB, GD, GE, GH, GM, GT, HN, HR, HU, ID, IL, IN, IR, IS, JP, KE, KG, KH, KN, KP, KR, KW, KZ, LA, LC, LK, LR, LS, LU, LY, MA, MD, ME, MG, MK, MN, MW, MX, MY, MZ, NA, NG, NI, NO, NZ, OM, PA, PE, PG, PH, PL, PT, QA, RO, RS, RU, RW, SA, SC, SD, SE, SG, SK, SL, SM, ST, SV, SY,TH, TJ, TM, TN, TR, TT, TZ, UA, UG, US, UZ, VC, VN, ZA, ZM, ZW.
    [Show full text]
  • Nigel Maxted
    Curriculum Vitae Nigel Maxted CURRICULUM VITAE - NIGEL MAXTED PERSONAL DETAILS Name: Nigel Maxted B.Sc. M.Phil. Ph.D. F.L.S. Gender: Male Age: 63 years Date of birth: 5 July 1954 Place of birth: St. Agnes, Cornwall, UK Nationality: British Position: Senior Lecturer and Consultant in the Conservation of Plant Genetic Resources Work address: School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK Tel. + 44 (0)121 414 5571 Fax. +44 (0)121 414 5463 Email. [email protected] Home address: Greenings, Fishponds Bottom, Dorset DT6 6NW, UK Tel. +44 (0)1297 678774 Fax. +44 (0)1297 678117 Email. [email protected] EDUCATION AND QUALIFICATIONS Jan. 1985 - Sept. 1990. The University, Southampton, UK Ph.D. A revision of Vicia subgenus Vicia using database techniques. This degree was undertaken part-time, using funds from a SERC ear-marked studentship and from the International Board for Plant Genetic Resources (IBPGR). Supervisors: Dr. F.A. Bisby and Dr. R.J. White. Examiner: Dr. B. Pickersgill, Reading, United Kingdom. Aug. 1981 - Dec. 1984. The University, Southampton, UK. M.Phil. Inter and intra-generic relationships between Psophocarpus spp. (Leguminosae - Phaseoleae) and their allies. This degree was undertaken part-time, as a self-financed research project. Supervisor: Dr. F.A. Bisby. Examiner: Prof. R. Maréchal, Gembleux, Belgium. Oct. 1977 - June 1981. The Polytechnic, Wolverhampton, UK. B.Sc. (Hons.) - Biological Sciences Sept. 1976 - July 1977. Canterbury Technology College, UK. GCE 'A' levels - Botany and Zoology. Sept. 1972 - July 1975. Hadlow College of Agriculture, UK. Ordinary National Diploma - Agriculture. Sept.
    [Show full text]