How Healthy Are We? 2006

How healthy are we? 2006

ANNUAL REPORT OF THE MEDICAL OFFICER OF HEALTH How healthy are we? / 2006 Keeping you informed Data notes 18 Our environment Differences withintheregion Vital signs–ataglance andover theyears 2 Check healthindicators 1 Use ofthehealthsystem A closerlookatthepopulationinregion A word from theMedicalOfficer ofHealth Table ofcontents Nojack MacKay Capital HealthinEdmonton isone ofCanada’s largest health Wildwood providing integrated healthservices to over onemillion Evansburg regions andisaffiliated withtheUniversity ofAlberta, and NorthernAlberta,theNorthPrairies, residents inEdmonton andthesurrounding area. Capital Healthactsasareferral centre to Central Entwistle Tomahawk Westview providing specialized services suchas transplants andhigh-riskobstetrics. trauma andburntreatment, organ Fallis Keephills Hutterite Colony Wabamun St. Francis Highway 16 Warburg 40 26 32 41 41 15 12 Genesee Mission Beach Telfordville Sunnybrook Thorsby 5-6 3,7 3,7 266,750 382,015 133,571 189,642 Total 133,179 75+ 192,373 65 -74 45 -64 Total 20 -44 -19 15 -14 10 Males 5 -9 1 -4 Females < 1 Age Group Population for theCapitalHealthregion,2006 Stony Plain Sundance Beach Golden Da Spruce Grove Highway 39 Buford Leduc County Sturgeon County y s Calmar St. Albert 1,8 0,7 1,024,263 507,076 517,187 Morinville 5673,0 72,787 37,100 35,687 3292,9 47,777 24,498 23,279 2252,4 53,167 20,942 32,225 9163,4 60,245 31,049 29,196 2172,2 61,690 29,523 32,167 3133,5 67,628 34,455 33,173 Devon ,0 ,9 12,204 6,296 5,908 Highway 2 Edmonton Edmonton Legal

Highway 2 Bon Accord Nisku West JasperPlace Leduc Kavanagh Beaumont Woodcroft Saskatchewan Twin Brooks Twin Sherwood Park Fort Rolly View Gibbons Downs Castle Highway 21 North Central North Collingwood Cove Cooking County Strathcona South Half MoonLake Sarepta Lake Bonnie Doon Bonnie Doon Highway 16 New Edmonton Eastwood Antler Lake Ardrossan Redwater Colony Hutterite Highway 14 Josephburg Mill WoodsMill Hwy 15 Hastings Lake North East North Lake Cooking North Park National Elk Island A word from the Medical Officer of Health

Public health is the art and science of preventing and labour disruption), as well as pandemic disease, prolonging life and promoting and planning. protecting health through organized community The report How healthy are we? 2006 begins efforts. It is unique in that the target for services with a demographic picture of the Capital Health is not just the individual, but the whole region. The report goes on to provide the latest population. statistics on health problems and health We monitor the health of residents in the indicators for the Capital Health region and Capital Health region, prevent disease, illness where possible, comparisons are made to the and injury through education and preventative Calgary Health Region, the province, and the methods, and support change in the community country. Some new additions to this year’s based on factors that affect health, including report include: ten-year trends for selected legislation that promotes health. An example is health indicators in the region; health data tables the successful amendment of Edmonton’s that facilitate comparisons among the 15 public no-smoking bylaws to prohibit smoking in public health service areas; thematic maps showing the places including restaurants and drinking health status variation within the region; and establishments. information on the environment including built, social and natural environments. So how do we do it? Among other things, we conduct surveillance for early detection of disease, we distribute vaccines, apply and enforce health regulations, and respond to environmental incidents and outbreaks of disease. We educate the public on how to protect themselves from health risks and develop policies that promote health such as the non-smoking policy on Capital Health property Dr. Gerry Predy and the healthy catering policy that supports the Vice President, Public Health provision of healthy eating choices whenever Medical Officer of Health food and beverages are provided at work-related Capital Health, Alberta events. We involve elected officials in our goals and we conduct research to assess our methods and direct future projects. In addition, we established the Office of Emergency Preparedness that provides emergency planning and preparedness for the entire region including the coordination of emergency plans,

How healthy are we? / 2006 we? are healthy How contingencies for major events (including natural disasters, disease outbreaks, mass casualties,

1 A closer look at the population in the region

Capital Health is one of the largest integrated continuing care, public health, specialty clinics, health regions in Canada and provides complete mental health services and many rehabilitation health services to over one million residents in the and prevention programs. cities of Edmonton, Fort Saskatchewan, Leduc, Capital Health staff do more than care for the sick Spruce Grove and St. Albert, and the counties of and treat the injured. They address the overall Leduc, Parkland, Strathcona and Sturgeon (and health of the region, providing communities with communities within their geographical areas), as information on how to both stay healthy and well as the Town of Devon and communities in the avoid the greatest health risks in order to ensure eastern part of Yellowhead County. In addition to these communities continue to be healthy places emergency and acute care, Capital Health to live, work and raise a family. provides home care services, outreach programs,

Percentage of population in selected age groups, 2006 Area <5 years 5 to 17 years 18 to 64 years 65 to 74 years 75+ years St. Albert 5.5% 18.6% 66.2% 5.7% 4.1 % Castle Downs 7.3% 18.5% 65.9% 5.2% 3.2% Woodcroft 4.5% 1 1.4% 69.2% 6.7% 8.2% Eastwood 4.6% 12.2% 71.0% 5.8% 6.3% North Central 6.1 % 17.6% 61.4% 8.1 % 6.8% North East 6.6% 18.0% 66.3% 5.7% 3.5% West Jasper Place 5.7% 16.6% 65.3% 6.4% 6.0% Twin Brooks 6.0% 16.3% 65.2% 6.8% 5.6% Bonnie Doon 4.1 % 1 1.8% 67.5% 7.3% 9.3% Mill Woods 7.1 % 18.9% 67.2% 4.0% 2.8% Strathcona County 6.0% 18.8% 66.5% 5.5% 3.3% Leduc County 6.1 % 18.8% 65.0% 5.7% 4.4% Westview 6.4% 19.4% 64.5% 5.9% 3.8% Sturgeon County 6.4% 22.2% 63.3% 4.9% 3.2% Fort Saskatchewan 5.7% 18.5% 65.7% 5.5% 4.6% How healthy are we? / 2006 we? are healthy How Capital Health 5.9% 16.8% 66.2% 6.0% 5.2%

2 3 How healthy are we? / 2006 Source: Populationdatavalues are for June30 andare interpolati Capital Health’s changingpopulation older than the proportion in 2006. In 2014, itis older thantheproportion in2006.In2014, proportion ofthepopulation 45years ofageor than 1millionpeople(903,303) with asmaller thepopulationofregion was less In 1998, Health region, in2006,was 37.2 years. people from 2005.The average ageintheCapital 2006 was anincrease 1,024,263, ofabout 19,000 The population intheCapitalHealthregion in over-year populationgrowth values provided by theHealthSurveillance Branch ofAlbertaHealthandWellness. as ofMarch 31for eachyear. Forecast values, for pointsintimeafter March 31,2006are estimated usingtheMarch 31,2006AHCIPRegistration Filevalues andyear- 43,087 40,947 38,995 37,924 37,814 37,100 36,441 35,445 34,455 31,049 31,119 24,498 21,441 Total male=507,076 16,301 13,222 10,497 Total maleandfemale =1,024,263 6,484 6,296 ons ofactualpopulationvalues from theAlbertaHealthCare ,1 85-89 2,817 ,4 0 3,433 90+ 1,144 2006 2014 1998 40-44 60-64 80-84 50-54 30-34 45-49 20-24 65-69 55-59 35-39 25-29 70-74 75-79 10-14 15-19 5-9 1-4 < 1 younger aged residents. Health region vary inthe proportion ofolderand The publichealthservice areas withintheCapital 50 years ofage thanwhatwas seenin2006. higher proportion ofthepopulationbeingover about 1,170,300 with a –anincrease of14% estimated thattheregion’s populationwillbe 2014 2006 1998 5,908 5,959 9,919 9,919 Total female =517,187 12,913 12,913 15,018 15,018 17,149 17,149 21,651 21,651 23,279 Insurance Plan(AHCIP)Registration File 29,196 29,196 30,780 33,173 33,173 35,688 35,859 36,879 37,687 38,502 39,083 42,050 43,061 43,061 In terms of proportions: St. Albert 2006 population G Castle Downs and Mill Woods have the highest proportion of preschool children. Age group 158 85+ 374 G Westview and Sturgeon County have the highest proportion of school-aged children. 284 80-84 425 489 75-79 570 G Bonnie Doon, North Central, and Woodcroft 596 70-74 748 have the highest proportion of seniors (65 924 65-69 947 years of age or older). 1,420 60-64 1,341 G North Central and Bonnie Doon have the 2,025 55-59 2,114 highest proportion of younger seniors (65 to 2,297 50-54 2,430 74 years of age). 2,481 45-49 2,701 G Woodcroft and Bonnie Doon have the highest 2,182 40-44 2,507 proportion of older seniors (75 years of age or 1,799 35-39 2,009 older). 1,542 30-34 1,750 1,450 25-29 1,478 In terms of numbers: 2,172 20-24 2,008 G Mill Woods and West Jasper Place have the 2,372 15-19 2,226 highest number of residents... 2,116 10-14 2,065 G in the <5 years of age group (Mill Woods = 1,842 5-9 1,739 7,404; West Jasper Place = 5,995); 1,599 0-4 1,526 G in the 5 to 17 years of age group (Mill Males: 27,747 + Females: 28,958 = 56,705 Woods = 19,719; West Jasper Place = 17,342); and The population in the City of St. Albert in 2005 G in the 18 to 64 years of age group (Mill was 56,017. Woods = 70,080; West Jasper Place = Average age in 2006 = 37.2 years. 68,459). The neighborhoods in this public health service G West Jasper Place and Twin Brooks have the area include: highest number of younger seniors (65 to 74 years of age) with 6,694 and 6,614 G Akinsdale respectively. G Braeside G Deer Ridge G Bonnie Doon and Woodcroft have the highest G Downtown number of older seniors (75 years of age or G Erin Ridge older) with 8,017 and 6,487 respectively. G Forest Lawn The 2006 population pyramids for each of the G Grandin public health service areas are shown on the G Heritage Lakes following pages.* G Inglewood G Kingswood G Lacombe Park G Mission G North Ridge G Oakmont G Pineview G Sturgeon G Woodlands How healthy are we? / 2006 we? are healthy How

* Note: The same scale is used for all the population pyramids so a visual Source: Population data are based on the registrants active on the Alberta Health comparison can easily be made among public health service areas. Care Insurance Plan at June 30, 2006.

4 Castle Downs 2006 population Woodcroft 2006 population

Age group Age group 88 85+ 183 512 85+ 1,369 197 80-84 245 740 80-84 1,327 343 75-79 422 1,063 75-79 1,475 493 70-74 572 1,160 70-74 1,508 676 65-69 679 1,191 65-69 1,492 833 60-64 876 1,591 60-64 1,663 1,315 55-59 1,354 2,303 55-59 2,285 1,637 50-54 1,709 3,030 50-54 2,880 1,751 45-49 1,906 3,474 45-49 3,199 1,681 40-44 1,979 3,440 40-44 3,007 1,607 35-39 1,740 3,159 35-39 2,762 1,609 30-34 1,896 3,448 30-34 2,940 1,824 25-29 2,019 3,943 25-29 3,843 1,772 20-24 1,990 3,021 20-24 3,318 1,727 15-19 1,709 1,951 15-19 1,978 1,726 10-14 1,690 1,766 10-14 1,761 1,645 5-9 1,530 1,700 5-9 1,600 1,745 0-4 1,669 1,850 0-4 1,761

Males: 22,668 + Females: 24,169 = 46,837 Males: 39,342 +=Females: 40,169 79,511

The population in Castle Downs for 2005 was The population in Woodcroft for 2005 was 44,668. 79,596. Average age in 2006 = 34.5 years. Average age in 2006 = 40.4 years. The neighborhoods in this public health service The neighborhoods in this public health service area include: area include: G Baranow G Athlone G Westwood G Baturyn G Britannia Youngstown G Woodcroft G Beaumaris G Canora G Caernarvon G Dovercourt G Canossa G Edm Municipal Airport G Carlisle G Glenora G Carlton G Grovenor G Chambery G High Park G Cumberland G Inglewood G Dunluce G Mayfield G Elsinore G McQueen G Griesbach G North Glenora G Hudson G Oliver G Lorelei G Prince Charles G Oxford G Prince Rupert G Pembina G Queen Mary Park G Sherbrooke G Spruce Avenue G Wellington G West Big Lake G Westmount How healthy are we? / 2006 we? are healthy How

Source: Population data are based on the registrants active on the Alberta Health Care Insurance Plan at June 30, 2006.

5 Eastwood 2006 population North Central 2006 population

Age group Age group 352 85+ 757 321 85+ 865 444 80-84 770 536 80-84 886 666 75-79 843 989 75-79 1,179 823 70-74 808 1,328 70-74 1,455 1,018 65-69 852 1,313 65-69 1,546 1,372 60-64 1,136 1,330 60-64 1,640 2,065 55-59 1,620 1,777 55-59 1,772 2,597 50-54 1,966 2,183 50-54 2,234 3,113 45-49 2,302 2,870 45-49 2,682 2,919 40-44 2,305 2,770 40-44 2,845 2,757 35-39 2,043 2,508 35-39 2,465 2,780 30-34 2,213 2,090 30-34 2,336 2,913 25-29 2,588 2,195 25-29 2,387 2,533 20-24 2,429 2,437 20-24 2,449 1,667 15-19 1,588 2,586 15-19 2,439 1,481 10-14 1,524 2,479 10-14 2,329 1,331 5-9 1,230 2,241 5-9 2,167 1,440 0-4 1,361 2,176 0-4 2,089

Males: 32,273 + Females: 28,335 = 60,608 Males: 34,131 +=Females: 35,764 69,895

The population in Eastwood for 2005 was 60,896. The population in North Central for 2005 was Average age in 2006 = 39.2 years. 69,391. The neighborhoods in this public health service Average age in 2006 = 38.2 years. area include: The neighborhoods in this public health service G Alberta Avenue area include: G Bellevue G Balwin G Boyle Street G Belle Rive G Central McDougall G Calder G Cromdale G Delwood G Delton G Eaux Claires G Eastwood G Evansdale G Elmwood Park G Glengarry G Highlands G Kingston G Industrial Heights G Kildare G McCauley G Kilkenny G Montrose G Killarney G Newton G Klarvatten G Parkdale G Lago Lindo G River Valley Kinnaird G Lauderdale G Riverdale G Mayliewan-Ozema G Rossdale G Northmount G Virginia Park G Rosslyn G Yellowhead Corridor How healthy are we? / 2006 we? are healthy How

Source: Population data are based on the registrants active on the Alberta Health Care Insurance Plan at June 30, 2006.

6 North East 2006 population West Jasper Place 2006 population

Age group Age group 161 85+ 320 457 85+ 1,076 342 80-84 433 781 80-84 1,153 594 75-79 735 1,190 75-79 1,617 886 70-74 993 1,398 70-74 1,781 1,126 65-69 1,222 1,618 65-69 1,897 1,493 60-64 1,550 1,922 60-64 2,163 2,150 55-59 2,192 3,016 55-59 3,089 2,539 50-54 2,641 3,875 50-54 4,007 3,017 45-49 2,990 4,412 45-49 4,745 2,968 40-44 3,075 4,025 40-44 4,422 2,556 35-39 2,751 3,550 35-39 3,726 2,555 30-34 2,703 3,433 30-34 3,593 2,925 25-29 3,060 3,547 25-29 3,852 2,845 20-24 3,199 3,985 20-24 3,999 2,731 15-19 2,758 3,916 15-19 3,740 2,700 10-14 2,552 3,461 10-14 3,437 2,584 5-9 2,362 3,053 5-9 2,833 2,487 0-4 2,403 3,051 0-4 2,944

Males: 36,657 + Females: 37,941 = 74,598 Males: 50,692 + Females: 54,071 = 104,763

The population in North East for 2005 was 73,172. The population in West Jasper Place for 2005 was Average age in 2006 = 35.4 years. 102,771. The neighborhoods in this public health service Average age in 2006 = 37.8 years. area include: The neighborhoods in this public health service G Abbotsfield G River Valley Highlands area include: G Bannerman G Rundle Heights G Aldergrove G Patricia Heights G Beacon Heights G Sifton Park G Belmead G Place La Rue G Belmont G York G Breckenridge Greens G Potter Greens G Belvedere G Callingwood North G Quesnell Heights G Bergman G Callingwood South G Rio Terrace G Beverly Heights G Crestwood G River Valley Capitol Hill G Brintnell G Dechene G River Valley Lessard N G Canon Ridge G Donsdale G Rural West G Cassleman G Elmwood G Rural West Lewis Farm G G G Clareview Campus Gariepy Sherwood G G G Evergreen Glastonbury Suder Greens G G G Fraser Glenwood Summerlea G Jamieson G Terra Losa G Hairsine G Jasper Park G The Hamptons G Hollick Kenyon G La Perle G Thorncliff G Homesteader G Laurier Heights G Wedgewood Heights G Kernohan G Lymburn G West Jasper Place G Kirkness G Lynnwood G West Meadowlark Park G Matt Berry G Meadowlark Park G Westridge G McLeod G Oleskiw G Westview Village G Miller G Ormsby Place G Overlanders G

How healthy are we? / 2006 we? are healthy How Parkview

Source: Population data are based on the registrants active on the Alberta Health Care Insurance Plan at June 30, 2006.

7 Twin Brooks 2006 population Bonnie Doon 2006 population

Age group Age group 632 85+ 1,540 399 85+ 979 1,004 80-84 1,568 647 80-84 995 1,452 75-79 1,822 1,069 75-79 1,393 1,399 70-74 1,809 1,412 70-74 1,593 1,393 65-69 1,687 1,763 65-69 1,847 1,633 60-64 1,800 2,058 60-64 2,265 2,451 55-59 2,417 2,868 55-59 3,056 3,267 50-54 2,912 3,473 50-54 3,760 3,519 45-49 3,428 3,657 45-49 4,045 3,432 40-44 3,198 3,611 40-44 3,914 3,139 35-39 3,015 3,392 35-39 3,637 3,601 30-34 3,138 3,202 30-34 3,387 4,401 25-29 4,182 3,383 25-29 3,676 3,423 20-24 3,475 3,587 20-24 3,775 2,373 15-19 2,201 3,428 15-19 3,383 1,938 10-14 1,954 3,140 10-14 2,962 1,774 5-9 1,752 2,850 5-9 2,773 1,808 0-4 1,763 3,068 0-4 2,809

Males: 47,006 + Females: 50,248 = 97,254 Males: 42,638 + Females: 43,660 = 86,298

The population in Twin Brooks for 2005 was The population in Bonnie Doon for 2005 was 92,633. 87,274. Average age in 2006 = 37.8 years. Average age in 2006 = 41.0 years. The neighborhoods in this public health service The neighborhoods in this public health service area include: area include: G Aspen Gardens G Leger G Allendale G Pleasantview G Bearspaw G MacEwan G Argyll G Queen Alexandra G Blackburne G Malmo Plains G Avonmore G Ritchie G Blackmud Creek G Ogilvie Ridge G Belgravia G Strathcona G Blue Quill G Ramsay Heights G Bonnie Doon G Strathearn G Blue Quill Estates G Rhatigan Ridge G Calgary trail North G Terrace Heights G Brander Gardens G Richford G Capilano G University of Alberta G Brookside G Rideau Park G Cloverdale G Windsor Park G Bulyea Heights G Rivery Valley Whitemud G Forest Heights G Calgary Trail South G Royal Gardens G Fulton Place G G Carter Crest Rural South West G Garneau G G Duggan Rutherford G Gold Bar G Empire Park G Skyrattler G Hazeldean G Ermineskin G Steinhauer G Holyrood G Falconer Heights G Sweet Grass G Idylwylde G Grandview Heights G Terwillegar Towne G Kenilworth G Greenfield G Twin Brooks G King Edward Park G Haddow G UofA Alberta Farm G Lendrum Place G Henderson Estates G Westbrooke Estates G Maple Ridge G Hodgson G Whitemud Creek Ravine G G Keheewin G Windermere Estates McKernan G G Ottewell

How healthy are we? / 2006 we? are healthy How Lansdowne G Parkallen

Source: Population data are based on the registrants active on the Alberta Health Care Insurance Plan at June 30, 2006.

8 Mill Woods 2006 population Strathcona County 2006 population

Age group Age group 212 85+ 425 191 85+ 461 333 80-84 525 324 80-84 480 624 75-79 817 626 75-79 616 793 70-74 977 924 70-74 922 1,163 65-69 1,226 1,376 65-69 1,276 1,825 60-64 1,731 2,202 60-64 2,024 3,058 55-59 2,977 2,915 55-59 3,011 3,679 50-54 3,954 3,223 50-54 3,168 4,107 45-49 4,442 3,763 45-49 3,756 3,954 40-44 4,247 3,399 40-44 3,693 3,783 35-39 3,887 2,861 35-39 3,113 3,837 30-34 4,128 2,475 30-34 2,628 4,318 25-29 4,395 2,153 25-29 2,149 4,314 20-24 4,310 2,886 20-24 2,656 4,092 15-19 3,913 3,386 15-19 3,295 3,913 10-14 3,774 3,184 10-14 3,011 3,693 5-9 3,467 2,716 5-9 2,495 3,794 0-4 3,610 2,547 0-4 2,432

Males: 51,492 + Females: 52,807 = 104,299 Males: 41,151 + Females: 41,185 = 82,338

The population in Mill Woods for 2005 was The population in Strathcona County for 2005 101,552. was 79,862. Average age in 2006 = 33.9 years. Average age in 2006 = 36.6 years. The neighborhoods in this public health service This public health service area encompasses 1,268 area include: square kilometres, east of the City of Edmonton. G Bisset G Satoo While it is a largely rural area, over two-thirds of G Crawford Plains G Silver Berry the county residents live in the urban centre of G Daly Grove G Summerside Sherwood Park. The communities in Strathcona G Ekota G Tawa County include: G Ellerslie G Tipaskan G Antler Lake G Greenview G Tweddle Place G Ardrossan G Hillview G Weinlos G Collingwood Cove G Jackson Heights G Wild Rose G Halfmoon Lake G Kameyosek G Hastings Lake G Kiniski Gardens G Josephburg G Larkspur G North Cooking Lake G Lee Ridge G Sherwood Park G Meadows Area G South Cooking Lake G Menisa G Meyokumin G Meyonohk G Michaels Park G Mill Woods Park G Minchau G Pollard Meadows G Richfield How healthy are we? / 2006 we? are healthy How G Sakaw

Source: Population data are based on the registrants active on the Alberta Health Care Insurance Plan at June 30, 2006.

9 Leduc County 2006 population Westview 2006 population

Age group Age group

146 85+ 318 211 85+ 427 1,373 240 80-84 342 365 80-84 502 414 75-79 392 625 75-79 641 526 70-74 520 951 70-74 837 676 65-69 646 1,373 65-69 1,197 925 60-64 895 1,841 60-64 1,672 1,337 55-59 10,216 2,398 55-59 2,377 1,625 50-54 1,612 2,736 50-54 2,737 1,797 45-49 1,774 3,184 45-49 3,062 1,704 40-44 1,753 3,000 40-44 3,081 1,424 35-39 1,424 2,490 35-39 2,595 1,366 30-34 1,303 2,237 30-34 2,338 1,345 25-29 1,294 2,114 25-29 2,178 1,628 20-24 1,466 2,601 20-24 2,399 1,729 15-19 1,631 3,044 15-19 2,874 1,622 10-14 1,501 2,899 10-14 2,722 1,392 5-9 1,286 2,538 5-9 2,394 1,268 0-4 1,271 2,458 0-4 2,219

Males: 21,166 + Females: 20,643 = 41,809 Males: 37,066 +=Females: 36,250 73,316

The population in Leduc County for 2005 was The population in Westview for 2005 was 71,510. 40,664. Average age in 2006 = 36.2 years. Average age in 2006 = 36.4 years. This public health service area forms the western This public health service area forms the southern boundary of the Capital Health region and is boundary of the Capital Health region and is largely a rural area including Parkland County and largely a rural area with the exception of the City the east portion of Yellowhead County. The of Leduc. The communities in Leduc County communities in Westview include: include: G Devon G Beaumont G Entwistle G Buford G Evansburg G Calmar G Fallis G Genesee G Keephills G Golden Days G MacKay G Hutterite Colony G Nojack G Kavanagh G Spruce Grove G Leduc G Stony Plain G Mission Beach G Tomahawk G New Sarepta G Wabamun G Nisku G Wildwood G Rolly View G St. Francis G Sundance Beach G Sunnybrook G Telfordville G Thorsby G Warburg How healthy are we? / 2006 we? are healthy How

Source: Population data are based on the registrants active on the Alberta Health Care Insurance Plan at June 30, 2006.

10 Sturgeon County 2006 population Fort Saskatchewan 2006 population

Age group Age group 68 85+ 143 54 85+ 157 153 80-84 143 92 80-84 126 249 75-79 240 104 75-79 150 351 70-74 303 182 70-74 191 473 65-69 400 217 65-69 236 662 60-64 612 333 60-64 284 937 55-59 830 503 55-59 472 1,213 50-54 1,089 550 50-54 588 1,328 45-49 1,407 615 45-49 622 1,257 40-44 1,428 605 40-44 594 920 35-39 1,151 495 35-39 562 801 30-34 1,005 468 30-34 501 805 25-29 948 499 25-29 452 1,186 20-24 1,060 606 20-24 550 1,453 15-19 1,365 645 15-19 590 1,470 10-14 1,349 559 10-14 544 1,203 5-9 1,120 486 5-9 447 1,038 0-4 938 465 0-4 391

Males: 15,567 + Females: 15,532 = 31,099 Males: 7,480 +=Females: 7,455 14,935

The population in Sturgeon County for 2005 was The population in Fort Saskatchewan for 2005 30,892. was 14,409. Average age in 2006 = 34.6 years. Average age in 2006 = 36.6 years. This public health service area forms the northern This public health service area is adjacent to the boundary of the Capital Health region and is northeast boundary of the City of Edmonton and largely a rural area with a mix of agricultural, is 30 km from downtown Edmonton. The country, and urban developments. The neighborhoods in this public health service area communities in Sturgeon County include: include: G Bon Accord G Bridgeview G Gibbons G Downtown G Legal G Pineview G Morinville G Sherridon G Redwater G Southfort G Westpark How healthy are we? / 2006 we? are healthy How

Source: Population data are based on the registrants active on the Alberta Health Care Insurance Plan at June 30, 2006.

11 Use of the health system

How the health system is used is one way to unintentional injury such as falls, assess the health of a population. transportation-related collisions, and G Circulatory disease, such as heart disease and sport-related injury, particularly for people stroke, and cancer continue to be the leading aged 75 years of age or less (24.4%). For those causes of death in the region, accounting for older than 75 years of age, unintentional injury 61.1% of all deaths. (14.0%) and circulatory disease (13.4%) were the leaders. G An additional 9.7% of deaths are caused by G respiratory disease. Respiratory disease is also In the Capital Health region, 48% of survey among the top three reasons for a hospital respondents indicated they experienced easy access to health services and 57% were admission or visit to an emergency satisfied with health services. This compares to department. 44% in Calgary Health Region reporting easy G For residents less than 75 years of age, cancer access to health services and 55% reporting contributed to the highest percentage of satisfaction with services. In Alberta, the deaths (37.8%) whereas residents over 75 years percentages were 46% and 57%, respectively.1 of age died most often from circulatory G With respect to emergency department disease (41.4%). services, 47% of those surveyed in the Capital G Injury accounted for 16.0% of deaths among Health region reported easy access and 44% residents under the age of 75 years of age. reported satisfaction with the services. The G Digestive disease contributed to the highest percentage of residents in the Calgary Health percentage of hospitalizations (13.2%) for Region and in the province reporting easy residents under 75 years of age, whereas access to emergency department services residents over 75 years of age were were 49% and 52%, respectively. The hospitalized most often for circulatory disease satisfaction scores were 55% for Calgary and (20.7%). 53% for Alberta.1 G Digestive, circulatory, and respiratory diseases G The percentage of people reporting awareness were the top three reasons for hospitalization of Health LINK was highest in the Capital for all ages combined, accounting for 34.1% of Health region at 71% compared to 63% in all hospitalizations. These disease categories Calgary Health Region and 66%, overall, for remain the top three reasons for Alberta.1 hospitalization for those under 75 years of age accounting for 31.1% of hospitalizations for that age group and 40.3% for those 75 years of age and over.

How healthy are we? / 2006 we? are healthy How G The most common reason for visits to emergency departments in the region is for

1. Health Quality Council of Alberta (2006). Satisfaction with health Care Services: A Survey of Albertans 2006. October 2006.

12 Leading causes of death, hospitalization, or emergency department visit for Capital Health residents, 2005, percent and (rank) Hospital Emergency Cause Deaths 1 Discharges 2,3 Department Visits 2 Circulatory disease 32.1% (1) 11.6% (2) 3.7% Cancer 29.0% (2) 7.4% 0.3% Respiratory disease 9.7% (3) 9.9% (3) 10.0% (2) Digestive disease 4.0% 12.6% (1) 6.8% (3) Nervous/sense organ disease 3.8% 3.4% 5.4% Unintentional injury 3.7% 7.2% 23.5% (1) Mental disorders 3.1% 7.6% 3.4% Intentional injury 3.0% 1.1% 1.9% Endocrine/metabolic disorders 2.7% 2.7% 1.1% Genitourinary system disease 2.0% 6.0% 4.0% Certain infectious/parasitic disease 1.6% 1.5% 2.1% Injury (undetermined intent) 1.5% 0.1% 0.3% Certain perinatal related conditions 0.9% 4.3% 0.1% Musculoskeletal disease 0.6% 7.3% 4.7% Number 6,011 64,249 393,414

1. Vital Statistics (Death Data), 2005. 2. Capital Health, Regional Health Services Planning and Information, 2005. 3. Number of hospital discharges does not include hospitalization for pregnancy/childbirth or for birth events. Hospital discharges include those from the Cross Cancer Institute.

Leading causes of death, hospitalization, or emergency department visit for Capital Health residents less than 75 years of age, 2005, percent and (rank) Hospital Emergency Cause Deaths 1 Discharges 2,3 Department Visits 2 Cancer 37.8% (1) 7.3% 0.2% Circulatory disease 20.6% (2) 8.8% (3) 2.7% Respiratory disease 6.9% (3) 9.1% (2) 10.0% (2) Intentional injury 6.4% 1.4% 2.1% Unintentional injury 6.3% 7.4% 24.4% (1) Digestive disease 4.2% 13.2% (1) 6.6% (3) Injury (undetermined intent) 3.3% 0.1% 0.3% Nervous/sense organ disease 2.9% 3.4% 5.6% Certain infectious/parasitic disease 2.2% 1.5% 2.2% Endocrine/metabolic disorders 2.1% 2.7% 0.9% Mental disorders 1.0% 8.8% 3.6% Genitourinary system disease 0.9% 6.3% 3.9% Benign tumor, pre/non-invasive or uncertain cancer 0.6% 2.4% 0.1% Musculoskeletal disease 0.4% 7.4% 4.7%

How healthy are we? / 2006 we? are healthy How Number 2,685 49,439 357,813

13 Leading causes of death, hospitalization, or emergency department visit for Capital Health residents 75 years of age and over, 2005, percent and (rank) Hospital Emergency Cause Deaths 1 Discharges 2,3 Department Visits 2 Circulatory disease 41.4% (1) 20.7% (1) 13.4% (2) Cancer 21.9% (2) 7.8% 1.1% Respiratory disease 12.0% (3) 9.1% (3) 9.4% (3) Mental disorders 4.8% 3.6% 1.6% Nervous/sense organ disease 4.5% 3.5% 3.3% Digestive disease 3.7% 10.5% (2) 8.0% Endocrine/metabolic disorders 3.2% 2.8% 2.9% Genitourinary system disease 3.0% 4.7% 4.8% Unintentional injury 1.6% 6.4% 14.0% (1) Certain infectious/parasitic disease 1.2% 1.4% 1.2% Musculoskeletal disease 0.8% 6.9% 5.6% Benign tumor, pre/non-invasive or uncertain cancer 0.5% 0.7% 0.3% Blood or blood forming organ disease 0.3% 0.9% 1.1% Intentional injury 0.2% 0.1% 0.1% Number 3,326 14,810 35,601 How healthy are we? / 2006 we? are healthy How

1. Vital Statistics (Death Data), 2005 2. Capital Health, Regional Health Services Planning and Information, 2005. 3. Number of hospital discharges does not include hospitalization for pregnancy/childbirth or for birth events. Hospital discharges include those from the Cross Cancer Institute.

14 Check health indicators

Many of the leading injuries and illnesses in our are overweight or obese. For all three Canadian region can be prevented. While it is tempting to Community Health Surveys (CCHS), almost think that if we just get the message out, people 50% of region residents were overweight or will automatically make healthy choices, we obese. know that the environment – physical, social, G The percentage of residents who are physically economic, and cultural – strongly shapes the active or moderately active has remained potential for us to make healthy choices. We similar over the three CCHS surveys with only a have to help build environments that promote little more than half of the residents being health. It is necessary to eliminate exposure to sufficiently active. The activity level secondhand smoke that encourages some youth classification was based on leisure-time to start smoking. We need to re-engineer physical activity during the three months prior physical activity back into our lives at home, to the survey. school, and in the workplace; so that time- crunched people are able to be physically active. G Excessive alcohol consumption can lead to Capital Health is helping to build healthy injuries, mental and physical health problems, environments through its Population Health as well as family and social issues. It is alarming initiatives that focus on chronic disease to know that one in five current drinkers report prevention and injury prevention. drinking five or more drinks on one occasion, 12 or more times a year. G Based on 2000/01 data, the percentage of daily smokers living in the region was 23.1%. G Only 35.5% of people in the region met the The good news is that this percentage recommended target of eating five or more decreased in 2005 to 18.7%. Even more servings of fruits and vegetables a day in encouraging, 92.7% said they had no exposure 2005. This is comparable to the results from to second-hand smoke at home. the previous surveys. G Cigarette smoking during pregnancy is G The percentage of people reporting that they perhaps the most important modifiable risk have been diagnosed with high blood pressure factor for adverse birth outcomes.1 Although by a physician was 10.7% in 2000/01. Almost the percentage of women who smoke while 13% reported having high blood pressure in they are pregnant has steadily decreased since 2005. High blood pressure increases the risk of 1997, the percentage is still high. In Alberta, stroke, aneurysms, heart failure, heart attacks, 20.5% of women reported smoking while and kidney damage. pregnant for the years 2002 to 2004 G Nationally almost 5% of people 12 years of age combined. This compares to 20.0% in the or older have been diagnosed by a physician Capital Health region and 14.4% in the Calgary as having diabetes. The prevalence for men 1 Health Region. (5.3%) is slightly higher than for women

How healthy are we? / 2006 we? are healthy How G Over the last two decades, there has been an (4.4%). Compared with other provinces, alarming increase in the number of adults who Alberta has the lowest prevalence of diabetes

1. Reproductive Health Working group (2006). Alberta Reproductive Health: Pregnancies and Births 2006. Edmonton AB: Alberta Health and Wellness.

15 16 How healthy are we? / 2006 4.BMI isthe BodyMass Index andtakes into account4.BMI bothheightand weight. Itisderived by dividingweight inkilograms by he Statistics Canada.CanadianCommunity Health Survey (CCHS), 2005,(2003 healthregion3. boundaries). Statistics Canada.CanadianCommunity HealthSurvey (CCHS), 2003, (2003 healthregion boundaries).2. Statistics Canada.CanadianCommunity HealthSurvey (CCHS), 2000/01, (2003 healthregion boundaries asprepare by AlbertaHealth &Wellness). 1. vegetables perday (%) Consume five ormore servingsoffruitsand Based oncurrent drinkers ormore timesayear (%) one occasion, 12 Frequency ofdrinkingfive ormore drinkson previous 3months Based onleisure-time activityduring the Physically active ormoderately active (%) Based onBMI (18+ yrs,excluding pregnant women) Overweight orobese(%) Based onBMI yrs,excluding pregnant(18+ women) Healthy bodyweight (%) Former smoker (%) Occasional smoker (%) Daily smoker (%) Health indicators G G as excellent orvery goodhasremained similar The percentage ofpeoplewhorate their health 5.3% in2005. prevalence rate to increasing from 3.8%in1995 steady increase ofdiabetes inAlbertawiththe years, thereHealth. Over hasbeena thelast 10 Calgary HealthRegion and5.9%inCapital adjusted diabetes prevalence of4.7% inthe with diabetes, hasreported a2005age- using administrative datato identifypeople The AlbertaDiabetes Surveillance System, diabetes in2005was 4.4%. (6.8%). Intheregion, theprevalence for (3.9%) andNewfoundland hasthehighest 4 4 of 25.0 orhigher between 18.5–24.9 1,2,3 000 0948.7 50.9 2000/01 35.5 34.5 34.5 2000/01 000 37.6 2000/01 000 46.4 2000/01 000 21.5 2000/01 48.9 49.7 2000/01 23.0 20.7 23.1 2000/01 000 4.7 2000/01 053. 8636.4 38.6 35.5 2005 34.4 2005 2005 2005 2005 2005 054. 725. 48.9 50.5 46.2 47.2 45.0 48.8 49.2 2005 45.6 2005 0335.0 2003 49.6 2003 52.0 45.5 2003 49.2 2003 2003 033. 0638.4 40.6 36.7 2003 2003 2003 erHat elhAbraCanada Alberta Health Health Year G G stress intheirlives. older report thatthey have “quite of alot” About oneinfive residents 18years ofageor of belongingto theirlocalcommunity. have avery strong orsomewhat strong sense In theregion, 60.3% ofpeoplereported they of socialsupport. in2005.Almost 75% have72.1% ahighrating mental healthasexcellent orvery goodwas The percentage ofpeoplewhorate their Community HealthSurveys (63.7%, 62.2%). within theregion over thelast two Canadian Capital Calgary 145. 53.5 56.6 51.4 514. 45.3 49.6 45.1 18.7 982. 22.6 23.4 19.8 17.3 112. 22.4 22.6 21.1 4.7 5.5 21.4 47.5 14.5 735. 50.3 54.0 57.3 723. 38.4 36.4 37.2 14.2 773. 39.0 36.0 37.7 1132.6 31.1 4.6 5.6 5.8 ight inmeters squared. 47.9 22.7 4148.3 44.1 52.1 17.5 17.7 4.7 5.3 5.1 42.6 48.2 46.7 20.7 39.2 36.7 47.4 51.0 41.2 21.5 20.1 21.8 16.5 17.8 37.1 4.4 5.1 5.1 17 How healthy are we? / 2006 .Statistics Canada.CanadianCommunity HealthSurvey (CCHS), 2005,(2003 healthregion boundaries).2. Statistics Canada.CanadianCommunity HealthSurvey (CCHS), 2003, (2003 healthregion boundaries). 1. support basedonaseriesofquestions) Social support(%whohadahighrating ofsocial rate belonging very strong orsomewhat strong) Sense ofbelongingto localcommunity (%who health asexcellent ofvery good) Self-rated mentalhealth(%whorated mental and older(%) years“Quite oflife alot” stress ofage –18 excellent orvery good) Self-rated health(%whorated healthas Arthritis orrheumatism(%) Asthma (%) Diabetes (%) High bloodpressure (%) Health indicators 1,2 056. 946. 62.3 62.8 59.4 60.3 2005 2005 2005 2005 2005 0520.8 62.2 2005 2005 0574.5 2005 2005 23.5 2003 0363.7 2003 2003 2003 2003 2003 erHat elhAbraCanada Alberta Health Health Year Capital Calgary 14.5 13.8 12.9 17.4 72.1 4.4 3.9 8.5 8.7 78.9 5262.2 65.2 23.3 627. 72.9 73.4 76.2 4722.4 24.7 796. 58.4 63.9 67.9 13.7 11.0 11.6 11.8 9.9 8.9 3.2 2.5 3324.4 23.3 14.8 16.3 12.8 12.2 77.1 8.6 3.6 3.9 9.1 23.2 60.1 14.4 16.4 14.9 16.8 NA 4.9 4.6 8.4 8.3 Vital signs – at a glance and over the years

This section is presented in two parts – the first G Breast cancer, prostate cancer, lung cancer, part provides the most recent rates for selected and colorectal cancer continue to be the four vital signs for the Capital Health region, the top cancers in Alberta and were responsible Calgary Health Region, and Alberta. The second for over 57% of new cancers and 50% of part shows the trend in the Capital Health region, cancer deaths in 2002.2 Lung cancer is the over the last 10 years, for selected vital signs. most common cause of cancer deaths among People in the Capital Health region enjoy good women and men in Alberta. The incidence and health but there are areas of concern. death rates for women are increasing while they are decreasing for males.2 For women, breast cancer is the most commonly At a glance…. diagnosed cancer and while the incidence rate G People in the region can expect to live long of breast cancer has been increasing, the and healthy lives. Women can expect to live to mortality rate has been decreasing.2 For men, almost 83 years of age and men have a life prostate cancer is the most commonly expectancy of 78 years of age. diagnosed cancer but the good news is that the mortality rate for prostate cancer is G More babies are being born too early – at less decreasing.2 than 37 weeks gestation – the preterm birth rate increased from 8.9%% in 2001 to 9.7% in G The death rate from injury (all types included) 2005. has increased in the Capital Health region since G The teen pregnancy rate has continued to drop 2000-2002, for both males and females. across the nation, including in the Capital Health region. National rates show that this decline is especially significant for girls aged 15 to 17 years of age where the pregnancy rate decreased by almost half, from 30.6 in 1994 to 16.8 in 2003.1 G The death rate from heart disease in both males and females is lower in the Capital Health region than the provincial average. G Cancer is the leading cause of death for people younger than 75 years of age in the region – and cancer death rates, for males and females, in the Capital Health region are slightly higher than the Calgary and provincial How healthy are we? / 2006 we? are healthy How rates (2003-2005).

1. Statistics Canada (2006a). Pregancy Outcomes 2003. Statistics Canada: Ottawa, ON. Cat. No. 82-224-X1E. 2. Alberta Cancer Board. Cancer in Alberta: a regional picture, 2006.

18 At a glance... Capital Calgary Year Health Health Alberta Low birth weight (% live births <2500 grams) 2001 6.0 1 6.7 2 6.1 2 2003 6.4 1 6.8 2 6.3 2 2005 6.9 1 7.3 2 6.6 2 Preterm births (% live births <37 weeks) 2001 8.9 1 8.6 2 8.3 2 2003 9.4 1 9.3 2 8.8 2 2005 9.7 1 9.8 2 9.1 2 Teen birth rate 2001 17.0 1 14.1 3 20.7 3 (births per 1,000 females 15 to 19 years of age) 2003 17.0 1 11.5 2 18.6 2 2005 16.4 1 11.2 2 18.4 2 Teen pregnancy rate 2001 41.3 3 41.7 3 44.2 3 (pregnancies per 1,000 females 2003 51.9 2 35.1 2 38.5 2 15 to 19 years of age) 2005 36.2 2 30.3 2 37.4 2 Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)4 1997-1999 5.4 4.3 5.1 2000-2002 6.2 5.7 6.5 2003-2005 7.1 5.2 6.4 Life expectancy at birth in years5 2001 (M) 77.1 78.4 77.0 2001 (F) 82.7 82.8 82.4 2003 (M) 77.8 78.6 77.5 2003 (F) 82.4 83.2 82.3 2005 (M) 77.6 79.4 77.6 2005 (F) 82.9 83.6 82.7 Potential years of life lost (per 1,000 population)6 1997-1999 (M) 60.8 52.9 62.7 1997-1999 (F) 35.0 32.5 36.6 2000-2002 (M) 56.3 49.2 58.0 2000-2002 (F) 35.0 30.3 35.3 2003-2005 (M) 56.8 46.5 57.6 2003-2005 (F) 34.1 28.4 33.9 Death rate for heart disease (per 100,000)7 2000-2002 (M) 172.3 164.2 177.7 2000-2002 (F) 152.4 166.8 162.9 2000-2002 (B) 162.7 166.1 171.7 2003-2005 (M) 154.3 139.7 157.2 2003-2005 (F) 131.6 141.7 143.6 2003-2005 (B) 143.5 141.6 152.0

1. Vital Statistics, Birth and Death Files, Department of Government Services (2001, 2003, 2005). 2. Reproductive Health Working Group (2006). Alberta Reproductive Health:Pregnancies and Births 2006. Edmonton, AB: Alberta Health and Wellness. 3. Reproductive Health Working Group (2004). Alberta Reproductive Health:Pregnancies and Births 2004. Edmonton, AB: Alberta Health and Wellness. 4.Alberta Health and Wellness (Public Health Surveillance & Environmental Health, 12-July-06). Table B-2: Infant Deaths and Infant Mortality rate, Alberta – By Region of Residence. 5. Alberta Health and Wellness (Public Health Surveillance & Environmental Health, 7-July-06). Table B-1: Life Expectancy at Birth by Sex and Health Region of Respondent 1986-2005. How healthy are we? / 2006 we? are healthy How 6.Alberta Health and Wellness (Public Health Surveillance & Environmental Health, 18-July-06). Table B-41: Potential Years of Life Lost (PYLL) per 1,000 Population; Alberta by Sex and Region of Residence: 1996-96, 1997-99, 2000-02, 2003-05 Age-Adjusted. 7. Alberta Health and Wellness (Public Health Surveillance & Environmental Health, 05-Jan-07). Deaths, Age standardized mortality rate and 95% confidence intervals, Albertans in Alberta – by region of residence, selected causes of death by sex, 2000-2002 combined and 2003-2005 combined. Age-standardized to the 1996 Canadian population.

19 At a glance... (continued) Capital Calgary Year Health Health Alberta Death rate for stroke (per 100,000)1 2000-2002 (M) 37.2 36.1 38.9 2000-2002 (F) 55.3 52.7 56.8 2000-2002 (B) 46.4 44.5 48.1 2003-2005 (M) 34.3 30.5 35.0 2003-2005 (F) 51.6 43.4 49.1 2003-2005 (B) 43.1 37.1 42.3 Death rate for cancer (per 100,000)1 2000-2002 (M) 186.3 180.5 183.9 2000-2002 (F) 167.4 166.3 168.8 2000-2002 (B) 177.1 173.8 177.4 2003-2005 (M) 181.8 168.6 178.4 2003-2005 (F) 170.1 159.8 167.9 2003-2005 (B) 176.6 165.0 174.6 Death rate for lung cancer (per 100,000)2 2000-2002 (M) 48.7 44.6 46.7 2000-2002 (F) 38.2 38.5 38.0 2000-2002 (B) 43.5 41.6 42.7 2003-2005 (M) 50.6 42.8 46.7 2003-2005 (F) 40.5 35.7 39.1 2003-2005 (B) 45.8 39.5 43.4 Death rate for colorectal cancer (per 100,000)2 2000-2002 (M) 18.8 16.1 17.4 2000-2002 (F) 15.0 13.7 14.7 2000-2002 (B) 17.0 14.9 16.2 2003-2005 (M) 19.8 17.2 18.1 2003-2005 (F) 16.1 14.7 15.8 2003-2005 (B) 18.0 16.0 17.2 Death rate for female breast cancer (per 100,000)2 2000-2002 27.6 27.0 27.7 2003-2005 25.7 25.0 25.3 Death rate for prostate cancer (per 100,000)2 2000-2002 23.2 23.4 25.0 2003-2005 21.0 18.3 22.5 Death rate for land transport injury (per 100,000)3 2000-2002 (M) 9.5 10.8 16.8 2000-2002 (F) 4.6 4.7 7.4 2000-2002 (B) 7.0 7.7 12.1 2003-2005 (M) 13.5 12.2 17.9 2003-2005 (F) 5.6 4.8 7.2 2003-2005 (B) 9.5 8.5 12.5

1. Alberta Health and Wellness (Public Health Surveillance & Environmental Health, 05-Jan-07). Deaths, Age standardized mortality rate and 95% confidence intervals, Albertans in Alberta – by region of residence, selected causes of death by sex, 2000-2002 combined and 2003-2005 combined. Age-standardized to the 1996 Canadian population. 2. Alberta Health and Wellness (Public Health Surveillance & Environmental Health, 05-Jan-07). Deaths, Age standardized mortality rate and 95% confidence intervals, How healthy are we? / 2006 we? are healthy How Albertans in Alberta – by region of residence, selected cancer causes of death, 2000-2002 combined and 2003-2005 combined. Age-standardized to the 1996 Canadian population. 3. Alberta Health and Wellness (Public Health Surveillance & Environmental Health, 05-Jan-07). Deaths, Age standardized mortality rate and 95% confidence intervals, Albertans in Alberta – by region of residence, selected injury causes of death, 2000-2002 combined and 2003-2005 combined. Age-standardized to the 1996 Canadian population.

20 At a glance... (continued) Capital Calgary Year Health Health Alberta Death rate for falls (per 100,000)1 2000-2002 (M) 4.7 3.6 4.2 2000-2002 (F) 2.2 1.2 2.2 2000-2002 (B) 3.5 2.4 3.2 2003-2005 (M) 5.2 3.9 4.6 2003-2005 (F) 3.5 2.1 2.8 2003-2005 (B) 4.4 3.0 3.7 Suicide rate (per 100,000)1 2000-2002 (M) 22.2 20.4 22.4 2000-2002 (F) 6.8 5.5 6.5 2000-2002 (B) 14.4 12.9 14.4 2003-2005 (M) 19.7 16.5 20.3 2003-2005 (F) 7.7 5.4 6.5 2003-2005 (B) 13.6 11.0 13.4 Death rate for all injury (per 100,000)2 2000-2002 (M) 62.5 55.8 69.2 2000-2002 (F) 27.8 21.4 29.3 2000-2002 (B) 44.9 38.5 49.2 2003-2005 (M) 69.0 54.1 71.1 2003-2005 (F) 31.5 25.2 31.5 2003-2005 (B) 50.0 39.6 51.3

Over the years... Over the last 10 years, there have been some noteworthy trends for residents in the Capital Health region. Low birth weight rate (%), Capital Health region and Alberta, 1996-2005

Low birth weight 7.5

The low birth weight rate in the Capital Health 7.0 region stayed fairly steady between 1996 and 2001, with fluctuations between 5.9% and 6.3%. 6.5

In 2002, the rate increased to 6.4%, with the 6.0 latest rate (2005) being 6.9%. 5.5 The low birth weight rates in the Capital Health region have not increased significantly over the 5.0 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 last 10 years but the increase observed in the last couple of years is cause for concern.3 G Capital Health region G Alberta

1. Alberta Health and Wellness (Public Health Surveillance & Environmental Health, 05-Jan-07). Deaths, Age standardized mortality rate and 95% confidence intervals, Albertans in Alberta – by region of residence, selected injury causes of death, 2000-2002 combined and 2003-2005 combined. Age-standardized to the 1996 Canadian population. How healthy are we? / 2006 we? are healthy How 2. Alberta Health and Wellness (Public Health Surveillance & Environmental Health, 05-Jan-07). Deaths, Age standardized mortality rate and 95% confidence intervals, Albertans in Alberta – by region of residence, selected causes of death by sex, 2000-2002 combined and 2003-2005 combined. Age-standardized to the 1996 Canadian population. 3. Capital Health region data are from: Vital Statistics, Birth Files, Department of Government Services (1996- 2005) and Alberta data are from: Reproductive Health Working Group(2006). Alberta Reproductive Health: Pregnancies and Births 2006. Edmonton, AB: Alberta Health and Wellness.

21 Preterm birth Preterm birth rate (%), Capital Health region The preterm birth rate in the Capital Health and Alberta, 1996-2005 region has increased by 20% over the last 11 10 years – from 8.1% in 1996 to 9.7% in 2005. Three quarters (75%) of low birth weight babies 10 in the Capital Health region were preterm in 2005 compared to 5% of non-low birth weight 9 babies, although the preterm birth rate has 8 increased in both groups. Among multiple births, 60% of the babies were preterm 7 1 compared to 8% of singleton births. 6 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

G Capital Health region G Alberta

General fertility rate (GFR) General fertility rate (per 1,000), Capital Health The general fertility rate is the number of live region and Alberta, 1996-2005 births per 1,000 women 15 to 49 years of age in a 52 given year. Similar to Alberta, the general fertility rate in 50

the Capital Health region dipped around 2000- 48 2001 and then began to rise again. The GFR for 2005 in the Capital Health region is lower than 46 the Alberta rate of 48.6.1 44

40 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

G Capital Health region G Alberta

Maternal age – younger women, Average maternal age (first birth), Capital Health older women region and Alberta, 1996-2005 The average maternal age in the Capital Health region at first live birth increased from 26.6 years 27.4

in 1996 to 27.1 years in 2005. 27.2 The mean maternal age for all live births in the 27.0 Capital Health region has increased slightly over the last 10 years from 28.4 years in 1996 to 28.8 26.8 years in 2005. The Calgary Health Region and 26.6 Alberta have seen a similar increasing trend in the average maternal age. In 2005, the average 26.4 maternal age in the Calgary Health region was 1 26.2 30.4 years and in the province, it was 29.1 years. 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

G Capital Health region G Alberta How healthy are we? / 2006 we? are healthy How

22 The percent of all live births born to women 35 Births to women 35 years of age and older (% of years of age and older in the Capital Health region all live births), Capital Health region and Alberta, increased in the late 1990s but appears to have 1996-2005 stablilized in the years 2002 to 2005. In 2005, 15.2% of babies were born to women 35 years of 16 age and older, compared to 15.1% in Alberta and 15 19.1% in the Calgary Health Region.1 14

12 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

G Capital Health region G Alberta

The teen birth rate is the number of live births per Teen birth rate (per 1,000) Capital Health region 1,000 women 15 to 19 years of age in a given year. and Alberta, 1996-2005 The teen birth rate has experienced a steady decline in the Capital Health region. A similar 30 trend is seen in the province as well as Canada. 25 The teen birth rate, in 2005, was 16.4 per 1,000 women 15 to 19 years of age in the Capital Health 20 region, 1 1.2 in the Calgary Health Region, and 18.4 15 in the province.1 10 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

G Capital Health region G Alberta

Infant mortality rate Infant mortality rate (5 year combined rate per A five-year rolling average trend line for infant 1,000 live births), Capital Health region and mortality shows a slight, but not significant, Alberta increase in the rate. The leading causes of infant 7.0 mortality in Canada, in 1999, were congenital anomalies (26.5%), immaturity (23.4%), sudden 6.0 infant death syndrome (11.2%), and asphyxia 1,2 5.0 (10.1%). 1996-2000 1997-2001 1998-2002 1999-2003 2000-2004 2001-2005

G Capital Health region G Alberta

3 Heart disease death rate Heart disease death rate (per 100,000), Capital The overall heart disease death rate has decreased Health region, 1996-2005 in the Capital Health region from 184.8 per 250 100,000 in 1996 to 137.7 per 100,000 in 2005. As in previous years, the 2005 heart disease death 200

rate remained slightly higher for men 150 (148.4 per 100,000) than for women (126.1 per 50 100,000). 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

G Male G Female How healthy are we? / 2006 we? are healthy How

1. Capital Health region data are from: Vital Statistics, Birth Files, Department of Government Services (1996- 2005) and Alberta data are from: Reproductive Health Working Group(2006). Alberta Reproductive Health: Pregnancies and Births 2006. Edmonton, AB: Alberta Health and Wellness. 2. Health Canada (2003). Canadian Perinatal Health Report, 2003. Minister of Public Works and Government Services Canada: Ottawa, ON. 3. Death rates are age standardized to the 1996 Canadian population.

23 1 Stroke death rate Stroke death rate (per 100,000), Capital Health The cerebrovascular disease (stroke) death rate region, 1996-2005 has shown a slight decrease in the region from 80 47.7 per 100,000 in 1996 to 39.1 per 100,000 in 2005. As in previous years, the 2005 60 cerebrovascular disease (stroke) death rate remained higher for women (47.9 per 100,000) 40 than for men (29.9 per 100,000). 20

0 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

G Male G Female

1 Suicide rate Suicide rate (per 100,000), Capital Health The suicide rate in the Capital Health region region, 1996-2005 remains higher for men than for women. In 2005, the rate for males was 19.5 per 100,000 compared 25

to 7.3 per 100,000 for females. Overall, the suicide 20 rate has shown a slight decrease in the Capital Health region over the last 10 years from 18.2 per 15

100,000 in 1996 to 13.4 per 100,000 in 2005. 10

0 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

G Male G Female

1 Unintentional injury death rate Unintentional injury death rate (per 100,000), The 2005 unintentional injury death rate in the Capital Health region, 1996-2005 region was more than twice as high in males (29.8 per 100,000) than it was in females (13.9 40

per 100,000). The overall unintentional injury 30 death rate has decreased slightly over the last 10 years, from 27.8 per 100,000 in 1996 to 21.7 per 20

100,000 in 2005. 10 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

G Male G Female

1 Cancer death rate Cancer death rate (per 100,000), Capital Health Cancer is the second leading cause of death in region, 1996-2005 the region. In 2005, the overall cancer death rate 250 was 176.3 per 100,000. The overall cancer death rate in the Capital Health region has remained 200 fairly stable over the last 10 years. 150

100

50 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 How healthy are we? / 2006 we? are healthy How G Male G Female

1. Death rates are age standardized to the 1996 Canadian population.

24 Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer Site specific cancer death rates (per 100,000), death in the region, for both men and women. In Capital Health region, 1996-2005 2005, the overall lung cancer death rate was 46.3 per 100,000. Over the last 10 years, death rates 50 for males have declined. Female death rates 40 however have risen over the same time period. In 2005, the female breast cancer death rate was 30

24.5 per 100,000 women, while the prostate 20 cancer death rate among men was 22.2 per 100,000. The overall colorectal cancer death rate 10

was 19.3 per 100,000 that same year. 0 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 G Lung G Breast G Colorectal G Prostate

1 Cancer incidence Cancer incidence rates (per 100,000), Capital Crude cancer incidence rates in the Capital Health Health region, 1999-2003 region show many of the same trends occurring in 200 Alberta. For example, in the region, the overall cancer incidence rate increased from 384.2 per 150 100,000 in 1999 to 417.0 per 100,000 in 2003. 100 These trends are partly a result of the aging population. Although the overall lung cancer 50 incidence rate remained relatively stable between 0 1999 and 2003, the incidence rate for females is 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 increasing while the rate for males is slowly G Lung G Breast G Colorectal G Prostate

decreasing. These are crude rates (number of new cases obtained by the Alberta Cancer Board). Please interpret with caution.

2 Hospitalization Hospitalizations (per 1,000), Capital Health Hospitalization rates in the Capital Health region region, 1997-2005 have decreased slightly since 1997. In 2005, 120 the hospital discharge rate for males was 64.1 per 1,000. For females, the hospital discharge 100 rate was the same (64.2 per 1,000) when 80 pregnancy/childbirth-related visits were excluded. 60

40 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 G Male G Female G Female – excluding pregnancy/childbirth related events

2 Emergency department visits Emergency department visits (per 1,000), Emergency department visit rates in the Capital Capital Health region, 1998-2005 Health region have declined slightly since the year 500 2000. Visits to the emergency department remain slightly higher among males compared to females. 400 In 2005, the visit rate was 401.6 per 1,000 for 300 males and 387.1 per 1,000 for females. 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 G Male G Female How healthy are we? / 2006 we? are healthy How

1. Alberta Cancer Board. Cancer in Alberta: A Regional Picture 2006, June 2006. 2. Utilization data are age standardized to the 1996 Canadian population.

25 Differences within the region

While Capital Health region residents experience G Low birth weight infants weigh less than 2,500 good health overall, there are variations in health grams at birth. The low birth weight rate is the status within the region. The two thematic maps number of low birth weight live births per 100 (see Data Notes for methodology) show the live births. variation in teen birth rate and preterm birth rate G High birth weight infants weigh 4,000 grams within the Capital Health region from a visual or more at birth. The high birth weight rate is perspective. The three summary tables provide the number of high birth weight live births per health status indicators for: 2005, 2003, and 2001. 100 live births. Please note: G The teen birth rate is the number of live births G The mortality rates reflect five-year combined per 1,000 women 15 to 19 years of age in a rates and are age-sex standardized to the 1996 given year. Canadian population. G A preterm birth is defined as a birth prior to 37 G The birth-related indicators reflect single-year completed weeks gestation. The preterm birth rates. rate is the number of preterm live births per 100 live births. G The life expectancy figures reflect three-year combined mortality data. G The crude birth rate is the number of live births per 1,000 population in a given year. G The fifteen public health service areas are coded as follows: G The general fertility rate is the number of live births per 1,000 women 15 to 49 years of age Public Health Service Area legend in a given year. R601 St. Albert G Life expectancy (at birth) is the average R602 Castle Downs number of years a newborn baby can expect R603 Woodcroft to live if current mortality trends continue. R604 Eastwood G An infant mortality happens when an infant R605 North Central dies before reaching 12 months of age. The R606 North East infant mortality rate is the number of infant R607 West Jasper Place deaths per 1,000 live births. R608 Twin Brooks G R609 Bonnie Doon A cause-specific death rate is the number of R610 Mill Woods deaths due to a particular cause divided by the relevant population, with the rate expressed R61 1 Strathcona County per 100,000. The ICD10 codes used for R612 Leduc County specific causes of death are defined in the R613 Westview Data Notes section of this report. How healthy are we? / 2006 we? are healthy How R614 Sturgeon County R615 Fort Saskatchewan

26 27 How healthy are we? / 2006 I I I I I Teen birthrate women 15to (per1,000 19years ofage), CapitalHealthregion,2003-2005 combined 40 30 50 20 45 35 25 10 15 0 5 Much lower Lower Average Higher Much higher 61R0 63R0 65R0 67R0 69R1 6 62R1 64R615 R614 R613 R612 1 R61 R610 R609 R608 R607 R606 R605 R604 R603 R602 R601 R613 R607 R601 R612 R614 R602 R603 R608 Regional Rate =16.0 per1,000 R605 R609 R610 R606 R615 R604 R611 28 How healthy are we? / 2006 I I I I I Preterm births(%oflive births), CapitalHealthregion,2003-2005 combined 10 14 16 12 0 4 8 6 2 Much lower Lower Average Higher Much higher 61R0 63R0 65R0 67R0 69R1 61R1 63R1 R615 R614 R613 R612 R611 R610 R609 R608 R607 R606 R605 R604 R603 R602 R601 R613 R607 R601 R612 R614 R602 R603 R608 Regional Rate = 9.7% R605 R609 R610 R606 R615 R604 R611 29 How healthy are we? / 2006

Health statistics by Public Health Service Area, 2005

Region R601 R602 R603 R604 R605 R606 R607 R608 R609 R610 R611 R612 R613 R614 R615

Number of live births 12,096 619 665 816 657 798 982 1,212 1,176 779 1,486 924 474 929 387 187

Crude birth rate (per 1,000 population) 12.0 1 1.1 14.9 10.2 10.8 1 1.6 13.4 1 1.8 12.7 8.9 14.6 1 1.5 1 1.7 13.0 12.5 13.0

General fertility rate (per 1,000 15-49 yr) 45.2 42.1 52.1 38.6 42.1 45.8 48.7 43.8 47.7 34.0 51.6 44.0 45.4 50.8 46.2 50.2

Teen birth rate (per 1,000 15-19 yr) 16.4 6.6 16.4 37.1 40.6 20.1 27.1 16.7 8.6 1 1.6 13.8 6.4 6.0 14.0 19.4 17.5

Births to women 35+ years (per 100 live births) 15.2 21.8 12.0 15.1 14.6 1 1.3 1 1.1 17.7 20.9 20.8 13.7 16.0 1 1.6 13.5 10.3 6.4

Low birth weight (per 100 live births) 6.9 5.7 6.8 7.7 8.7 7.8 6.8 7.9 5.4 7.7 7.7 6.3 5.3 4.6 9.3 5.3

High birth weight (per 100 live births) 1 1.2 13.1 9.8 1 1.2 12.3 9.6 1 1.4 12.0 9.8 10.1 9.6 13.0 1 1.4 13.9 1 1.9 1 1.2

Preterm birth (per 100 live births) 9.7 9.0 10.5 1 1.3 1 1.7 10.7 9.6 9.7 8.8 8.6 1 1.2 7.8 8.9 7.3 12.4 10.7

Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 6.6 4.5 4.0 6.0 14.1 6.1 6.6 6.4 2.5 7.8 6.7 4.4 3.6 6.4 5.0 2.4

Life expectancy for females (years) 82.6 84.5 85.3 81.2 79.4 82.0 81.9 82.2 83.9 83.0 82.5 83.1 84.4 83.1 81 .1 82.7

Life expectancy for males (years) 77.8 79.9 79.7 75.9 71.7 78.0 76.4 78.6 81.1 77.2 78.6 80.5 80.6 77.8 77.9 77.8

Mortality rate for females (per 100,000) 593.1 588.7 427.9 624.0 672.0 634.1 639.6 618.8 574.0 548.6 631.2 591.2 543.2 589.2 622.9 644.4

Mortality rate for males (per 100,000) 633.0 602.5 579.2 727.0 863.1 647.4 680.9 603.3 499.8 659.3 588.5 508.7 568.3 636.2 579.4 674.7

Mortality rate (per 100,000) 614.4 594.1 51 1.3 669.2 782.2 640.6 664.4 610.2 537.5 600.3 610.9 555.7 563.8 622.9 609.0 651.9

IHD death rate for females (per 100,000) 107.1 103.6 89.6 106.3 1 19.5 127.6 1 19.2 1 13.2 103.4 100.5 125.6 104.7 99.1 92.1 1 15.0 101.0

IHD death rate for males (per 100,000) 136.1 132.0 124.5 153.1 198.6151.5 146.3 127.6 1 10.1 139.8 107.2 1 1 1.4 143.5 1 13.3 131.1 181.0

IHD death rate (per 100,000) 122.0 1 16.7 109.0 127.9 164.4 139.7 133.8 1 19.7 106.9 1 18.8 1 16.7 108.8 124.7 105.6 126.8 139.1

All heart disease death rate for females (per 100,000) 141.4 144.7 1 12.8 138.9 146.5 158.7 171.1 148.1 138.6 132.8 167.3 139.3.7 162.6 128.1 134.4 152

All Heart disease death rate for males (per 100,000) 159.1 153.4 144.3 178.7 224.4 172.1 167.7 147.6 126.2 169.7 125.8 131.3 161.3222.3 144.8 149.7

All heart disease death rate (per 100,000) 150.8 147.9 130.9 156.7 191.1 165.6 170.1 147.4 132.7 150.0 146.7 135.5 148.3 142.6 154.9 189.3

Stroke death rate for females (per 100,000) 52.8 60.0 28.4 46.2 50.3 59.6 46.6 65.1 58.6 40.1 63.4 73.4 27.3 48.6 53.3 80.7

Stroke death rate for males (per 100,000) 36.4 38.4 22.0 39.1 31.5 48.9 21.0 32.7 38.3 42.3 44.4 30.1 27.7 33.1 44.1 39.4

Stroke death rate (per 100,000) 44.8 49.6 25.6 42.3 41.2 54.5 33.7 49.1 48.5 40.9 53.9 51.7 28.4 41.4 50.2 59.7

Cancer death rate for females (per 100,000) 169.2 170.8 132.0 207.6 179.8 168.5 188.1 169.9 152.6 157.4 144.9 163.5 143.8 165.8 181.2 197.1

Cancer death rate for males (per 100,000) 184.7 217.6 193.5 212.2 210.0 183.9 224.9 179.9 143.0 179.6 158.7 170.9 168.3 198.8 168.6 197.6

Cancer death rate (per 100,000) 177.5 193.5 166.1 208.3 196.5 176.2 209.1 174.9 148.0 167.8 152.5 170.4 158.3 186.3 178.9 195.3

Suicide death rate (per 100,000) 13.9 8.1 13.0 19.5 24.6 12.9 20.3 10.6 10.1 13.5 12.2 7.9 12.4 15.7 9.3 12.6

Unintentional injury death rate (per 100,000) 23.8 17.6 14.4 22.9 41.5 19.6 23.9 20.8 17.6 24.5 19.2 22.0 31.1 32.0 25.8 18.5

Note 1: Death rates are age/sex standardized to the 1996 Canadian population; and death rates (including the IMR) for 2005 reflect the years 2001-2005 combined. Note 2: Life expectancy for 2005 reflects the years 2003-2005 combined. 30 How healthy are we? / 2006

Health statistics by Public Health Service Area, 2003 Region R601 R602 R603 R604 R605 R606 R607 R608 R609 R610 R611 R612 R613 R614 R615 Number of live births 1 1,693 572 607 855 698 865 928 1 ,181 1,082 855 1,358 912 445 836 337 139 Crude birth rate (per 1,000 population) 1 1.9 10.5 14.6 10.5 1 1.3 12.9 12.8 1 1.8 12.5 9.6 13.9 1 1.7 1 1.4 12.2 1 1.1 9.8 General fertility rate (per 1,000 15-49 yr) 44.2 38.8 50.3 38.7 43.9 50.8 46.1 43.2 46.6 36.5 48.1 44.5 43.7 47.2 41.1 37.6 Teen birth rate (per 1,000 15-19 yr) 17.0 6.5 15.8 36.7 47.6 18.5 21.7 15.9 9.5 13.3 14.6 6.4 12.3 19.4 16.8 7.3 Births to women 35+ years (per 100 live births) 15.6 20.3 13.2 15.2 1 1.3 15.0 13.8 16.3 21.9 22.2 12.2 17.7 14.8 12.2 10.4 7.2 Low birth weight (per 100 live births) 6.4 6.3 6.3 8.0 9.9 4.5 8.2 5.7 6.2 5.3 7.2 5.5 6.1 5.6 4.8 6.5 High birth weight (per 100 live births) 12.0 15.6 9.4 13.2 1 1.9 10.9 10.8 10.6 12.0 10.8 10.2 13.8 13.5 14.7 16.5 12.9 Preterm birth (per 100 live births) 9.4 8.6 8.2 10.4 13.6 7.5 1 1.6 9.8 8.2 7.8 10.5 8.2 9.2 9.0 7.6 5.8 Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 6.2 6.1 6.5 5.0 15.5 5.2 7.4 6.1 3.0 7.4 4.3 4.9 6.2 4.8 4.0 3.6 Life expectancy for females (years) 82.3 82.7 84.7 81.4 78.9 81.8 81.8 82.1 84.0 82.4 83.1 83.4 82.8 82.8 82.8 80.3 Life expectancy for males (years) 77.8 78.8 79.4 75.8 73.0 77.6 76.5 78.3 81.2 77.5 78.8 80.7 78.2 77.4 79.8 78.8 Mortality rate for females (per 100,000) 608.5 606.5 474.1 623.0 668.5 664.0 599.3 624.2 613.5 588.5 634.0 601.6 608.0 600.9 530.1 695.1 Mortality rate for males (per 100,000) 654.9 660.3 561.2 753.5 844.9 672.8 690.5 656.0 519.5 670.2 590.6 535.1 630.3 679.1 537.6 618.6 Mortality rate (per 100,000) 632.3 629.5 524.8 679.4 772.7 668.4 648.7 637.7 566.9 623.7 613.3 574.7 627.3 649.9 545.8 655.6 IHD death rate for females (per 100,000) 1 12.4 1 1 1.7 105.5 1 13.2 1 18.4 138.6 1 14.8 109.8 1 15.2 108.2 134.6 104.8 121.8 90.1 85.0 101.5 IHD death rate for males (per 100,000) 144.2 152.6 124.8 165.9 193.1 149.3 156.5 139.7 1 19.4 146.1 1 1 1.1 1 15.2 161.3 126.9 140.3 141.7 IHD death rate (per 100,000) 128.5 130.4 116.0 136.8 161.0 143.6 136.4 123.6 1 17.3 125.5 123.2 1 1 1.3 145.3 1 1 1.7 1 19.5 121.8 All heart disease death rate for females (per 100,000) 150.4 150.8 123.6 156.8 147.6 181.7 167.7 148.0 146.5 146.1 171.7 139.2.7 156.1 163.8 137.6 1 10 All heart disease death rate for males (per 100,000) 176.0 179.0 151.4 199.4181.1 235.0 184.7 172.2 139.6 183.7 138.1 140.6 190.4 168.9 159.0 177.0 All heart disease death rate (per 100,000) 163.5 163.0 139.2 175.2 197.9 181.2 176.3 159.1 143.1 162.9 155.3 140.9 180.8 157.1 142.2 166.8 Stroke death rate for females (per 100,000) 56.3 60.1 40.7 45.1 43.4 61.4 58.9 66.1 66.9 51.3 59.0 93.9 31.6 49.3 62.9 80.8 Stroke death rate for males (per 100,000) 39.1 38.7 20.8 43.2 30.4 47.4 31.9 42.1 38.1 44.2 49.9 33.4 29.0 37.7 34.4 36.0 Stroke death rate (per 100,000) 47.8 49.4 30.3 43.5 37.4 54.5 45.2 54.2 52.7 47.3 54.6 63.3 30.9 43.7 48.9 59.3 Cancer death rate for females (per 100,000) 171.6 162.1 147.4 200.0 176.6 171.4 171.3 171.2 166.2 170.3 146.1 157.3 168.7 169.7 164.6 207.5 Cancer death rate for males (per 100,000) 186.0 225.1 209.2 213.4 184.5 186.9 215.6 187.7 148.8 177.1 166.5 179.6 169.9 210.5 149.8 182.5 Cancer death rate (per 100,000) 179.0 192.5 182.5 204.6 182.3 179.8 195.5 179.0 157.6 172.4 156.8 171.9 171.1 193.5 159.7 193.0 Suicide death rate (per 100,000) 14.4 8.0 1 1.3 17.4 25.8 14.5 17.3 12.9 10.6 16.1 10.6 10.7 12.5 17.1 10.2 16.2 Unintentional injury death rate (per 100,000) 25.6 20.4 17.5 26.4 50.2 22.6 25.9 23.2 18.0 21.7 20.4 25.1 34.9 32.7 23.3 35.9

Note 1: Death rates are age/sex standardized to the 1996 Canadian population; and death rates (including the IMR) for 2003 reflect the years 1999-2003 combined. Note 2: Life expectancy for 2003 reflects the years 2001-2003 combined. 31 How healthy are we? / 2006

Health statistics by Public Health Service Area, 2001 Region R601 R602 R603 R604 R605 R606 R607 R608 R609 R610 R611 R612 R613 R614 R615 Number of live births 1 1,043 541 517 875 724 827 906 1 ,167 879 869 1,236 819 416 761 342 154 Crude birth rate (per 1,000 population) 1 1.7 10.3 13.2 1 1.0 1 1.8 12.9 12.9 12.0 10.8 9.9 13.1 1 1.2 1 1.0 1 1.9 1 1.3 1 1.7 General fertility rate (per 1,000 15-49 yr) 42.9 37.2 44.7 40.5 46.4 51.5 46.0 43.8 39.5 37.3 44.6 41.9 41.9 45.1 41.5 42.3 Teen birth rate (per 1,000 15-19 yr) 17.0 6.1 1 1.5 38.9 46.8 25.5 27.8 14.5 7.1 17.3 14.1 4.1 1 1.3 18.5 13.0 8.8 Births to women 35+ years (per 100 live births) 15.2 15.2 16.8 14.6 14.2 1 1.5 1 1.9 17.1 20.6 20.6 13.7 18.7 10.6 12.7 9.9 15.6 Low birth weight (per 100 live births) 6.0 4.6 6.2 5.1 10.4 7.0 6.8 6.3 4.7 6.7 5.2 5.5 5.8 5.0 5.3 3.9 High birth weight (per 100 live births) 12.4 14.0 13.2 1 1.5 1 1.7 9.6 1 1.4 12.9 12.9 12.0 1 1.2 14.3 10.8 15.9 13.5 14.3 Preterm birth (per 100 live births) 8.9 8.3 1 1.2 9.0 1 1.7 9.8 10.4 8.2 7.7 10.5 7.0 8.7 7.5 7.2 9.6 6.5 Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 6.0 6.2 5.6 5.2 1 1.7 5.5 6.2 6.7 3.2 6.6 4.4 5.6 6.0 5.4 1.7 3.7 Life Expectancy for females (years) 82.4 83.1 83.9 81.7 80.4 81.2 82.9 82.3 83.2 82.0 82.8 83.6 82.0 82.0 84.4 81.6 Life Expectancy for males (years) 77.0 76.6 78.2 75.3 72.8 76.7 76.1 77.0 79.8 77.1 78.9 79.6 77.4 76.8 79.3 78.8 Mortality rate for females (per 100,000) 609.9 586.8 507.0 626.0 620.3 669.2 550.0 592.0 661.2 600.7 623.2 634.3 622.5 654.1 468.0 724.8 Mortality rate for males (per 100,000) 679.5 691.5 527.1 752.3 816.3 699.0 701.8 690.2 583.9 701.0 573.4 564.4 694.7 732.7 591.4 730.8 Mortality rate (per 100,000) 644.5 634.3 518.0 679.8 733.9 684.1 630.6 636.9 622.0 642.6 599.3 606.4 666.6 703.4 547.9 722.9 IHD death rate for females (per 100,000) 1 16.5 1 17.8 102.8 1 13.7 120.8 143.7 109.1 100.2 127.6 1 16.5 127.3 1 1 1.7 1 15.6 104.8 87.6 136.3 IHD death rate for males (per 100,000) 150.6 157.3 1 16.1 166.6 180.1 159.5 169.6 144.1 124.2 158.7 1 13.8 1 14.4 170.9 150.0 173.9 148.1 IHD death rate (per 100,000) 133.6 136.0 1 10.5 137.0 154.9 151.4 140.8 120.8 125.8 135.3 120.9 1 15.5 146.6 131.7 139.8 141.6 All heart disease death rate for females (per 100,000) 161.7 157.8 136.7 167.7 159.2 200.5 157.4 142.7 159.7 161.3 175.4 149.4.6 199.0 166.3 164.7 108 All Heart disease death rate for males (per 100,000) 191.9 190.8 146.3 209.7 238.4 197.6 212.5 187.7 162.0 200.2 150.5 143.2193.2 216.3 194.2 210.7 All heart disease death rate (per 100,000) 176.9 172.2 143.1 185.5 204.8 199.1 186.2 163.8 160.7 177.9 163.4 149.070.7 194.6 195.6 184.9 1 Stroke death rate for females (per 100,000) 55.4 57.6 44.2 41.8 40.3 54.4 52.3 58.7 76.4 56.8 64.6 89.8 38.2 57.5 45.9 63.9 Stroke death rate for males (per 100,000) 40.3 32.8 30.2 41.2 32.0 44.6 45.8 43.9 38.8 45.5 43.7 38.8 33.4 42.8 31.8 51.7 Stroke death rate (per 100,000) 47.9 45.5 36.8 40.9 36.6 49.5 49.4 51.2 57.8 50.7 54.3 64.0 36.1 50.1 39.4 58.6 Cancer death rate for females (per 100,000) 166.8 159.0 144.5 197.9 161.2 164.4 158.3 159.0 173.3 159.7 152.8 140.7 179.7 182.8 133.6 21 1.2 Cancer death rate for males (per 100,000) 182.9 239.5 176.5 208.8 169.1 180.1 187.0 186.9 169.6 168.8 159.1 170.6 180.1 221.9 147.6 189.4 Cancer death rate (per 100,000) 174.9 197.8 162.9 200.9 166.9 172.8 173.5 172.2 171.2 162.5 156.2 158.2 182.0 206.5 144.4 198.3 Suicide death rate (per 100,000) 14.7 9.4 9.5 15.3 26.9 14.2 15.9 15.3 1 1.5 20.4 12.3 10.5 8.3 16.0 10.2 14.9 Unintentional injury death rate (per 100,000) 26.4 20.3 18.8 31.2 51.9 22.2 21.9 23.6 17.4 19.2 20.9 27.3 37.0 37.4 28.7 41.8

Note 1: Death rates are age/sex standardized to the 1996 Canadian population; and death rates (including the IMR) for 2001 reflect the years 1997-2001 combined. Note 2: Life expectancy for 2001 reflects the years 1999-2001 combined. Our environment

Talk about health and we think “people” or indoor air quality problems such as cigarette “hospital” but good health is more than people, smoke to ambient air quality problems such as hospitals and emergency departments. Good smog blanketing an entire city. health depends on a healthy environment. The The manmade sources of ambient air pollution natural, social, and built environments around us include motor vehicles, recreational vehicles such have a significant influence on our health. The as boats and ATVs, industrial plants, power plants water we drink, the air we breathe, the food we and home heating. In the early 20th century, the eat, the homes and neighborhoods we live in, the industrial revolution resulted in some of the most roads we travel on, our schools and work-places, polluted urban environments created by man – our social connections, the prosperity and equity largely the result of coal burning as a source of of our society; all of these determine our health energy for industry, electricity and home heating. and well-being. Capital Health staff work to ensure that all of these conditions, factors, structures, and The Medical Officer of Health issues public policies contribute positively to the health of the health and safety advisories when the air population. quality index rating is poor, and the conditions In terms of the natural environment, Capital are anticipated to persist. The air quality data Health takes an active interest in the quality of the from a number of stations, collected over time, air, water, and soil in the region. In terms of the are used to determine the Air Quality Index social environment, we’re involved in issues (AQI) which is a simple way of describing air around health and safety in our workplaces, quality (i.e., good, fair, poor, and very poor), the schools, businesses, and neighborhoods. In terms higher the value the greater the level of air of the built environment, we bring a health pollution. The current air quality conditions are perspective to regional land use planning, transportation systems and the design and use of buildings. While not all of these areas are Number of days with “poor/very poor” air quality 1 highlighted in this report, we have provided index, 2003 to 2006 information on a selection of environmental health 10 indicators. 9 9 8 Natural environment: the air we breathe 7 6 Air quality is a measure of how clean the air is 5 5 that we breathe. Air quality depends upon the 4 3 amount of air pollution produced and the ability 3 2 2 2 of the atmosphere to disperse or dilute these 1 0.1 1 1 pollutants. We know that there is too much air 0 2003 2004 2005 2006 How healthy are we? / 2006 we? are healthy How pollution when it begins to make our environment I or ourselves unhealthy. Air pollution ranges from Edmonton I Calgary

1. Alberta Environment, 2007.

32 reported on Alberta Environment’s website at If you’re installing a wood stove or fireplace, http://environment.gov.ab.ca – click on “Air” Capital Health encourages you to then “Current Air Quality”. install one that is rated by the U.S. Environmental Protection In 2006, there were three poor air quality days. Agency (EPA) as a certified low If there was one hour of poor or very poor air emission wood burning quality on a specific day, then that day was appliance. considered a poor or very poor air quality day. Capital Health has recently been looking at home heating emissions, given that the rising costs of natural gas have resulted in home-owners looking air pollutants. In Alberta, residential coal burning at coal or wood as either primary or emissions are unregulated. Capital Health has supplementary sources of heating fuel. Natural asked municipalities within its region to gas is the cleanest burning fossil fuel available to implement municipal bylaws prohibiting us, and coal and wood burning emit more harmful residential coal combustion for home heating. The City of Spruce Grove was the first and only municipality to-date to pass such a bylaw. Relative emissions of fine particles – average emissions (lbs/MMBtus of heat output) Smoke free public place bylaws for heat source type Smoking bylaws, either at a provincial, municipal or organizational level, are one way to help 28 28 reduce smoking rates, improve air quality, and // subsequently improve the health of our regional 4.6 residents. The Alberta Alcohol and Drug Abuse 4 Commission (AADAC) sets standards for the 3 smoke free public place bylaws of major municipalities in Alberta. There are 3 standards: 2 GOLD 100% smoke free public places 1.4 1 including restaurants and drinking 0.49 0.013 0.013 0 establishments. SILVER Smoke-free public places with the exception of any place not accessible Fireplace Uncertified EPA Pellet Oil Gas to minors. woodstove certified stove furnace furnace woodstove BRONZE Partial smoke free public place bylaws. Source: Data from US EPA

Public place smoke free bylaws, Capital Health region, 1995, and 2006 Municipality Population (2006) 2006 Standard 1995 Standard City of Edmonton 724,063 Gold Silver Strathcona County 82,336 Gold Bronze City of St. Albert 56,705 Gold Bronze Town of Beaumont 1 1,791 Gold Municipal buildings only Town of Devon 6,324 Gold Municipal buildings only Parkland County1 66,993 Silver No smoke free bylaw Sturgeon County 31,099 Silver No smoke free bylaw Leduc County and City of Leduc2 30,018 Silver No smoke free bylaw City of Fort Saskatchewan 14,935 Silver Municipal buildings only

How healthy are we? / 2006 we? are healthy How Total 1,024,263

Source: AADAC, 2005 http://tobacco.aadac.com/whats_alberta_doing/bylaws/region.asp?ID=6 1. Not including the Town of Devon; including the east portion of Yellowhead County. 2. Not including the Town of Beaumont.

33 In 1995, there were no municipalities that had the In 2006, Capital Health introduced an interim gold standard. Between 1995 and 2006 many telephone-based system for public disclosure municipalities in the Capital Health region moved of food establishment health inspection towards stringent smoke free public place bylaws. reports. An on-line disclosure On January 1, 2006, the Smoke Free Places Act system is in development and legislated by the Alberta Provincial government expected to be launched came into effect which prohibits smoking in any by the end of 2007. place where minors are permitted. Across the province, in 2006, there were 18 gold standard communities, five of these being within ensure adequate sanitation and safe food- the Capital Health region. Roughly 86% of handling practices were maintained. A wide the Capital Health region’s population variety of food establishments are inspected, is covered with a gold standard permitted, and regulated including: bylaw; the other 14% is covered The provincial G restaurants, by a silver standard bylaw. Auditor General G grocery stores, acknowledged, in Natural environment: G meat processors, 2006, that Capital Health the food we eat G was the only health region bakeries, Ensuring that food is safe to that met the frequency G farmers’ markets, eat takes more work than targets for completed G bottled water producers, and meets the eye. Capital Health food establishment ensures that food safety G seasonal food vendors. inspections. information is provided to the In 2006, there were nearly 10,000 inspections public and the food industry, food- completed for food establishments in the Capital related consumer complaints are Health region. This resulted in the identification investigated, food borne illness is monitored, and correction of about 17,000 food handling food establishments are inspected and safe food violations, an increase of nearly 3,000 violations handling courses to both food establishment when compared to 2005. Food safety education operators and the general public are provided. and awareness is an important component for In 2006, 6,400 food establishments throughout ensuring food is prepared safely and in 2006, the Capital Health region were inspected to 2,800 food handlers completed food safety courses – an increase from about 2,000 students in 2003. Food facility inspections, 2004 to 2006 Natural environment: communicable disease 18,000 Norovirus is a germ (virus) that is one of the most 16,000 16,745 common causes of gastrointestinal illness in the western world. Norovirus is highly contagious and 14,000 14,511 14,089 anyone can become infected. Although it is 12,000 sometimes referred to as “stomach flu,” it is not related to influenza which is a respiratory illness. 10,000 10,887 10,796 9,847 Symptoms of norovirus infection include vomiting 8,000 and/or diarrhea, and may also include nausea, abdominal cramps, fever and headache. The 6,000 6,294 6,357 6,41 1 symptoms often appear suddenly and last up to 4,000 three days.

2,000 Infection can be spread by eating food handled by someone who is infected with norovirus, 0 2004 2005 2006 contact with contaminated surfaces, or close How healthy are we? / 2006 we? are healthy How contact with an infected person. Antibiotics are I Violations cited I Inspections I Facilties not effective in treating norovirus and there is no

34 Number of norovirus outbreaks by facility type, Average fecal coliform for public beaches in the Capital Health region, October to December 2006 Capital Health region (cfu/100ml), Dormitory 1 May to September, 2006 Child care facility 8 Allan Beach 8 Acute care facility 9 Hubbles Lake Resort 10 Home living / Camp Bar-V-Nok 37 supportive living facility 27 Camp Maskepatoon 30 Continuing care facility 27 Camp Wahelo 6 Mission Beach 16 vaccine; however, those with the infection almost Zeiner Park 10 always recover fully. Kokomoko 6 Camp He Ho Ha 38 Outbreaks of norovirus often happen in settings Half Moon Lake Resort 8 where groups of people congregate, such as Hasse Lake 49 private homes, assisted living facilities, health care Mink Lake 5 facilities, day care facilities, and dormitories. Spring Lake 14 Norovirus outbreaks happen at any time of the Wizard Lake 7 year, but tend to happen more often during fall Seba Beach 87 and winter months (October to April). During the Village of Wabamum 74 last quarter of 2006, several jurisdictions, Wabamum Provincial Park 12 including Capital Health, observed an unusually Fallis 6 high number of norovirus outbreaks. Ascot Beach 29 The outbreaks were reported in a variety of settings although most occurred in continuing Standard = 200 cfu/100 ml water care facilities and home living/assisted living facilities. In addition to the burden this placed on residents, their care providers and their families, skin contact which, in turn, may give us these outbreaks contributed to pressure on long gastrointestinal illnesses such as diarrhea, upper term care beds in the region. respiratory tract, eye, ear, nose or throat Natural environment: infections, and skin ailments. There are many the water we play in sources of contamination including sewage and industrial discharges, agricultural runoff (i.e., While it is important to ensure the water we drink manure, fertilizers and pesticides), urban storm is safe, we can not forget the role that recreational water runoff, oil and gasoline spills from boating, water plays in our overall health. Many lakes in the and indigenous sources such as toxic algae. Capital Health region provide opportunities for residents to relax, enjoy the outdoors, and pursue Capital Health makes sure that recreational bodies summer sports. To the naked eye, a lake or river of water are safe and healthy by monitoring can appear to be clean. However, recreational public beaches and posting notices when water bodies can contain disease causing bacteriological guidelines are exceeded. Each organisms such as bacteria, protozoa and viruses, summer, routine water sampling is done to or chemical toxins. We can be exposed to these establish baseline water quality levels, identify agents through accidental ingestion of water or water quality problems, and to manage any associated health risks. During the summer of 2006, 19 beaches in the Capital Health region were monitored with over Environmental Health 759 water samples taken. The chart shows that worked closely with operators of overall, the average fecal coliform counts at care facilities and those who provide care public bathing beaches within the Capital Health in these facilities to help prevent outbreaks region were well below the allowable level

How healthy are we? / 2006 we? are healthy How of norovirus and to help recognize and minimize indicating minimal health risks for recreational the impact of outbreaks when they occurred. water users.

35 The Lake Wabamun experience continues Environmental Health Officers investigate approximately 2,200 allegations each year of As a result of the August 3, 2005, CN derailment substandard housing. In 2006, there were at a small rural subdivision on Lake Wabamun – a over 11,000 inspections done, 124 repair popular lake in the Capital Health region where orders issued, and 216 premises people relax and enjoy water sports such as declared as unfit for boating and fishing – more than 700,000L of human habitation. Bunker C fuel oil was released into the lake. While there were extensive cleanup efforts made by CN in 2005, an unknown quantity of bunker oil still remained. Capital Health continued to monitor G Capital Health does not recommend the use of Lake Wabamun throughout 2006 (and will untreated lake water for domestic use, continue in 2007) for hydrocarbons of concern particularly in situations where the untreated from remaining Bunker C fuel oil in areas with the lake water could be swallowed, including greatest potential for human exposure. watering vegetable gardens, washing dishes, and showering. Oil sheen and tar balls Built environment: the places we live The following public health advisories were issued in 2006 for Lake Wabamun and remain in effect: Every year, Capital Health responds to complaints and conducts inspections to identify and correct G Capital Health advises the public to problems with unsafe and unhealthy housing. take appropriate While there were over 300 orders issued in 2006 precautions to avoid to help correct critical violations identified in contact with visible rental housing, we feel that some of the worst Bunker C fuel oil, accommodations are those that we are not made tarballs, particulate oil, aware of. oil sheen, or oiled With fewer affordable housing units being aquatic vegetation available, some of the Capital Health region’s most that may be found on vulnerable residents have no choice but to live in the beaches or in the Oil sheen and tar balls unsafe and unhealthy conditions. There are many lake water, especially housing units that have had illegally constructed in situations where these contaminants could secondary suites added with few amenities and be swallowed. even fewer safety features. G Capital Health does not recommend eating fish A secondary suite is an additional self contained or waterfowl caught or hunted in the Lake living unit (usually a basement suite) that has Wabamun area until laboratory testing can been constructed in a single family home. In most confirm that they are safe to eat. cases these suites have been built without obtaining proper permits or following basic health and safety requirements. There are conservative estimates of between 8,000 and 10,000 illegal secondary suites within the City of Edmonton, although actual numbers may easily triple this estimate. How bad can it get? In February 2005, two Edmonton residents where sleeping in their basement suite when a fire broke out in the kitchen. Firefighters later found one of the occupants lying dead in the hallway in his underwear. He apparently made it one step outside the bedroom door before collapsing from

How healthy are we? / 2006 we? are healthy How the smoke. The body of his girlfriend was Oil cleanup near a reed bed. discovered inside the bedroom. In her last

36 healthy living The Disadvantaged spaces. In Persons Housing Program November was initiated late in 2006 with 2006, the the goal of educating the most Lieutenant vulnerable citizens in the region Governor to identify and avoid dangerous in Council housing. In cases where the amended substandard housing unit is legislation occupied, it is our intention to to allow upgrade the property, municipalities to where possible, without formally recognize displacing the tenants. Unhealthy housing and upgrade secondary suites. Capital moments she had been kneeling on the floor with Health strongly encourages her head between her knees, trying to breathe. municipal governments to recognize There was no window in the bedroom, and illegal secondary suites as an affordable housing therefore, only one way out in case of a fire. option and to implement a comprehensive Our investigation concluded the suite was an inspection program to address not only fire issues illegal, basement suite with inadequate ceiling but other basic components for healthy living height and no windows to allow for escape. such as safe electrical systems, adequate heat, A legal, properly designed basement suite would and suitable bathroom and cooking facilities. have given the occupants an additional and safer Built environment: transportation escape route. Consider the following… The owner was charged for violations of the G motor vehicle related injuries are the third Public Health Act and later pled guilty to renting a most common reason for visiting our suite that did not comply with the Housing and emergency departments every year Health Standards. The presiding Judge, in his summation, reflected that “It’s a real shame we G vehicle emissions contribute to air pollution can’t go back and solve this problem before in our environment someone’s life was put in danger. It’s kind of sad.” G physical activity opportunities present As a result of regional housing demands, there are themselves when people can get to places estimated to be thousands of illegal secondary through non-motorized means of suites (usually basement suites) being utilized by transportation low income families. In order to minimize G a region’s economic well-being is outcomes like the above tragedy, municipalities determined, in part, by the accessibility of need to recognize secondary suites as a reality jobs through an adequate and affordable and take steps to ensure these are safe and transportation system

Transportation modes (all trips), Edmonton region, 2005 The Safe Housing Team – Environmental Health Officers, Vehicle driver 63.6% in partnership with City of Edmonton Bicycle 0.3% inspectors, have been working diligently Transit 1.8% since the early 1990’s to proactively identify and upgrade substandard rooming houses. School/work bus 3.9% In 2006, the Safe Housing Team conducted Walk 8.0% 328 inspections of rooming houses, successfully Vehicle passenger 22.4% How healthy are we? / 2006 we? are healthy How upgrading 48 buildings containing 336 units to an acceptable level of health and safety.

37 38 How healthy are we? / 2006 to besuitablefor cycling Routes designated Type 3: .HillemeierM,Lynch J, HarperS,CasperM.Data SetDirectory ofSocialDeterminants ofHealthattheLocal Level. Atlanta: U 1. Source: Alberta Education. AlbertaHighSchoolcompletion rates, July2006.www.education.gov.ab.ca Alberta Calgary Roman CatholicSeparate SchoolDistrict Calgary Board ofEducation #19 Greater St.AlbertCatholicSchools St. AlbertProtestant Separate Schools Edmonton CatholicSchools Edmonton Schools Public School District to 2004-2005 Percentage completing 2000-2001 highschoolwithinthreeyears ofstarting grade 10, All Types (low traffic) bicycle lanes Special on-road Type 2: alongside roadways separated from or Paths ortrails Type 1: Bicycle andmulti-usetrails shows thelengthof bicycle andmultiuse increased physical activitylevels. The table transportation isoneway to helpfoster Physical infrastructure thatpromotes active Bicycle andmulti-usetrails Built environment: considered. living withintheCityofEdmonton are increases to 9%(from 2%)ifonlythepeople The percentage ofpeopleusingtransit with only2%usingtransit and8%walking. 86% ofpeopleusedmotor vehicles for trips, area abouttheirmodeoftransportation. About living intheCityofEdmonton andsurrounding household travel survey thatasked people In 2005,theCityofEdmonton conducted a Services, Centers for DiseaseControl andPrevention; 2004. dotnS.Abr rv akthwnLeduc Saskatchewan Grove St.Albert Edmonton 9 m7 m2-0k 93 m35km 29-32 km 25-30 km 70 km 395 km 7 m7 m2-0k 93 m35km 29-32 km 25-30 km 70 km 278 km 105 km 105 iyo iyo Spruce Cityof City of 12 km 12 0 0 000 010 020 030 2004-05 2003-04 2002-03 2001-02 2000-01 89 97 30 50 76.9% 75.0% 73.0% 69.7% 68.9% 37 52 65 86 70.3% 68.6% 68.5% 66.5% 69.3% 65.2% 64.1% 63.7% 61.7% 59.7% 28 25 44 66 78.9% 76.6% 74.4% 72.5% 72.8% 25 25 24 66 80.2% 76.6% 72.4% 72.5% 72.5% 70 73 76 05 63.6% 60.5% 57.6% 57.3% 57.0% 51 56 78 93 70.4% 69.3% 67.8% 65.6% 65.1% region’s populationthatcompletes highschool The tablehighlightsthepercentage ofthe also thehealthofacommunity. used to assess notonlyschoolboard success but school completion rate isanindicator thatcanbe disease, andelevated cholesterol levels. with increased levels ofdeath,homicide, heart high schoolnon-completion hasbeenassociated people’s abilityto leadhealthy lives. For example, We know thateducation isfundamentalto Social environment: education least 30kilometres oftrail networks. compared to othercities,butmost have at provides more kilometers ofbicycle trails within thehealthregion. The CityofEdmonton pathways inStrathcona County andthecities iyo Cityof City of 0 0 Fort School Year 0 0 .S. DepartmentofHealth andHuman iyo Strathcona City of 0 0 1 The high County 152 km 152 152 km 152 0 0 39 How healthy are we? / 2006 .Criminalcode offences include violentcrime(homicide, attempted murder,2. sexual assault, non-sexual assault, othersexual offences, abductionandrobbery), property .HillemeierM,Lynch J, HarperS,CasperM.DataSetDirectory ofSocialDeterminants ofHealthattheLocal Level. Atlanta: U 1. Alberta Calgary CMA City ofCalgary Edmonton CMA City ofEdmonton Geographic areas Criminal code offences trust, normsandsocialnetworks. features ofsocialorganization, thatencompass Social environment: crime rates thaninCalgary, St.Albert,andAlberta. Edmonton have lower highschoolcompletion Capital Healthregion). Schooldistricts in boundaries butnotallfitexclusively withinthe schooldistricts withintheregional(there are 13 school districts intheCapitalHealthregion Note thatwe are includingonlythemajor within three years ofstarting grade 10. perceptions ofpositive health. to lower mortalityrates andincreased social capitalinacommunity have beenlinked “Social capital”isaphrase usedto define www.statcan.ca/bsolc/english/bsolc?catno=85-002-X&CHROPG=1#issue2002006 weapons, prostitution, andother).Statistics Canada.Crime statistics inCanada,2001-2005reports. Catalogueno. 85-002-X. Acc crime (break andenter, motor vehicle theft, fraud, othertheft),andcriminal code offences (counterfeit currency, misch Services, Centers for Disease Control andPrevention; 2004. 2 (per 100,000 people), 2001-2005 1 And onthe 1 High levels of ,5 ,1 0221,9 10,023 10,390 10,272 9,310 9,050 0120 0320 2005 2004 2003 2002 2001 ,3 ,7 099113210,529 1,332 1 10,969 9,476 9,032 ,3 ,5 ,5 ,0 7,010 7,101 7,251 7,151 7,137 A7377327206,889 7,200 7,312 7,307 NA A11111,2 27911,711 1 12,779 12,427 1,131 1 NA than theprovincial average. crime rates seeninCalgary;they are alsohigher Edmonton CMAstatistics are muchhigherthan However, boththeCityofEdmonton and lower inthemore rural areas oftheregion. (CMA), whichmeansthatcrimeisgenerally than for thewholecensus metropolitan area Crime rates intheCityofEdmonton are higher exists inthecommunity. rate, theless socialcapitalandwell-being that community. Asexpected, thehighercrime social capitalisthecrimerate withina well asaperception ofillhealth. linked to increased deathanddiseaserates as flipside, low levels ofsocialcapitalhave been .S. DepartmentofHealthandHuman ief, disturbing thepeace, arson,offensive essed March 1,2007 from 1 One aspectof 40 How healthy are we? / 2006 GeoTemplate.pdf. www.health.gov.ab.ca/resources/publications/ explanation ofthismethodologycanbefound at: standard errors from therate. Amore complete The coloured portionofthegraph isbetween 1and2 dot isbetween -1 and+1standard error from the rate. PHSA. The lineportionofthebarabove andbelow the On thegraph, theblackdotrepresents therate for each coloured darkgreen. considered significantlylower thantheregion and coloured lightgreen. Scores less than-2 were between -1 and-2were lower thantheregion and region andcoloured red. Alternatively, scores ranging Scores higherthan+2were significantlyhigherthanthe considered higherthantheregion andcoloured orange. coloured yellow. Standard scores between +1to +2were between -1 and+1were considered asaverage and for themaps and graphs. PHSAs withastandard score The standard scores were usedto identifythecolours PHSA. PHSA rate anddividingby thestandard error for the calculated by subtracting the regional rate from the of ahealthevent. PHSA-specific standard scores were using theformula for calculatingtheSEofaprobability for eachPHSA, thestandard error (SE)iscalculated as well asfor theregion asawhole. For theregion and calculated for eachPublicHealthService Area (PHSA) Geographic MethodologySeriesNo. 3”.The rates are Template for AlbertaRegionalHealthAuthorities, Branch, AlbertaHealthandWellness in methodology outlinedby theHealthSurveillance The mapsandgraphs were created usingthe Thematic maps/graphs hospitalizations for 2001. 2000 anddischarged in2001willbecounted among years. For example, a personadmitted to hospitalin when hospitalizationsare compared across calendar discharges rather thanhospitalization.This isimportant The term hospitalizationisusedto meanhospital Hospitalizations where possible. Data are provided by the15publichealthservice areas region are shown onthemapinside front cover. The publichealthservice areas for theCapitalHealth Public healthservice areas (PHSAs) outside theregion. may have received service intheregion butreside Capital Healthregion. Itexcludes thosepeoplewho The datausedinthisreport are for peoplelivinginthe Capital Healthregion residents “A Rate Mapping Canadian population. Death rates are age/sex standardized to the1996 Death rates or uncertain cancer Benign tumor, pre/non-invasive A00-B99 Cancer Certain infectious andparasitic disease Disease emergency departmentvisits ICD10 codes usefor mortality, hospitalization, and All injury Certain perinatalrelated conditions Genitourinary system disease Musculoskeletal disease Digestive disease Respiratory disease Circulatory disease Nervous/sense organ disease Mental disorders D50, D89.9 Endocrine/metabolic disorders Blood orbloodforming organ disease Prostate Lung Colorectal Breast (female) Suicide Falls (including motor vehicle) Unintentional injury Stroke Heart disease netoa nuyX60-X99, Y00-Y09, Intentional injury nuy(neemnditn)Y10-Y34, Y89.9, Injury (undetermined intent) Land transport injury Data notes I00-I09, I11,I13, I20-I51 V01-V99, W00-W99, Y35-Y36, Y87-Y87.1, X00-X59, Y85-Y86 G00-G99, H00- H59, H60-H95 ICD10 Codes W00-W19 M00-M99 Y89-Y89.1 N00-N99 D00-D48 E00-E90 C00-C97 K00-K93 X60-X84 P00-P96 F00-F99 C33-C34 J00-J99 V01-V89 V01-Y98 C18-C21 I00-I99 I60-I69 Y87.2 C50 C61 41 How healthy are we? / 2006 Rural Environments) Cheryl Galbraith (Environmental HealthOfficer, Healthy Karen Emde(Senior Advisor -Water Quality) Rick Dimock(Manager-Safe Food) Nick Skippings(Manager- Safe BuiltEnvironments) Steve Probert (Senior Advisor -AirQuality) Lance Honish(Environmental HealthEpidemiologist) staff whocontributed to thereport, namely: We would like to thankalltheenvironmental health Acknowledgements: a catalyst for action. useful andinteresting information for peopleandactas people intheregion. We hopereports like thisprovide the impactofanumberfactors onthehealthof At CapitalHealth,we regularly track trends andassess 427-1432 Registration/Claims/Billings/Inquires Alberta HealthandWellness 211 or482-INFO (4636) open 24 hoursaday, seven days aweek Information and Referral Line 482-4357 open 24 hoursaday, seven days aweek Distress/Suicide Line Toll free inAlberta1-866-408-LINK(5465) 408-LINK (5465) open 24 hoursaday, seven days aweek Health advice andinformation Capital HealthLINK Helpful phonenumbers For more information andresources… Health Division,CapitalHealth;(April,2007). Medical Officer ofHealth.Edmonton, Alberta:Public A, Marko J. How healthy arewe? 2006Areportofthe Predy GN,Lightfoot P, Edwards J, Fraser-Lee N,Brown Suggested Citation: Phone: (780) 413-7946 Edmonton, AlbertaT5N4A3 Suite 300, 10216 –124 Street Medical Officer ofHealth Contact: of peopleintheregion, pleasegive usacall. in thisreport orhave otherquestions aboutthehealth If you have questions abouttheinformation orissues www.corp.aadac.com (AADAC) Alberta Alcohol andDrugAbuseCommission www.dietitians.ca (for nutrition and BMIinformation) Dietitians ofCanada www.heartandstroke.ca Heart andStroke Foundation ofCanada www.thesupportnetwork.com The Support Network www.amhb.ab.ca Alberta MentalHealthBoard www.health-in-action.org Health inAction (Alberta) www.canadian-health-network.ca Canadian HealthNetwork www.hc-sc.gc.ca Health Canada www.capitalhealth.ca Capital Health Helpful web sites Keeping you informed

This document is the property of Alberta Health Services (AHS). On April 1, 2009, AHS brought together 12 formerly separate health entities in the province: nine geographically based health authorities (Chinook Health, Palliser Health Region, Calgary Health Region, David Thompson Health Region, East Central Health, Capital Health, Aspen Regional Health, Peace Country Health and Northern Lights Health Region) and three provincial entities working specifically in the areas of mental health

(Alberta Mental Health Board), addiction (Alberta Alcohol and Drug Abuse Commission) and cancer (Alberta Cancer Board).