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Labor Parlamentaria Camila Vallejo Dowling Labor Parlamentaria Camila Vallejo Dowling Legislatura número 364 Del 11 de marzo de 2016 al 10 de marzo de 2017 Biblioteca del Congreso Nacional de Chile - www.bcn.cl/laborparlamentaria - documento generado el 11-06-2020 NOTA EXPLICATIVA Esta Labor Parlamentaria ha sido construida por la Biblioteca del Congreso a partir de la información contenida en los Diarios de Sesiones de la Cámara de Diputados y del Senado, referidas a las participaciones de los legisladores, documentos, fundamentos, debates y votaciones que determinan las decisiones legislativas en cada etapa del proceso de formación de la ley. Junto a ello se entrega acceso a su labor fiscalizadora, de representación, de diplomacia parlamentaria y atribuciones propias según corresponda. Para efectos de facilitar la revisión de la documentación de este archivo, se incorpora un índice desde el cual se puede acceder directamente al texto completo de la intervención. Cabe considerar que la información contenida en este dossier se encuentra en continuo poblamiento, de manera tal que día a día se va actualizando la información que lo conforma. Biblioteca del Congreso Nacional de Chile - www.bcn.cl/laborparlamentaria - documento generado el 11-06-2020 ÍNDICE Labor Legislativa ........................................................................................................................ 3 Intervención ................................................................................................................................... 3 Mociones ...................................................................................................................................... 71 Proyecto de Acuerdo .................................................................................................................. 179 Proyecto de Resolución .............................................................................................................. 182 Incidentes ................................................................................................................................ 202 Intervención Petición de oficio ................................................................................................... 202 Petición de oficio ........................................................................................................................ 208 Homenajes ............................................................................................................................... 223 Homenaje ................................................................................................................................... 223 Comisiones y grupos .............................................................................................................. 225 Integración ................................................................................................................................. 225 Permisos y otros ..................................................................................................................... 230 Permiso Constitucional Inasistencia ........................................................................................... 230 Biblioteca del Congreso Nacional de Chile - www.bcn.cl/laborparlamentaria - documento generado el 11-06-2020 Labor parlamentaria de Camila Vallejo Dowling Página 3 de 231 Intervención Labor Legislativa Intervención Diario de sesión: Cámara de Diputados. Sesión: Sesión Especial N°3. Legislatura: Legislatura número 364. Fecha: miércoles 16 de marzo de 2016. REGULACIÓN DE DESPENALIZACIÓN DE INTERRUPCIÓN VOLUNTARIA DEL EMBARAZO EN TRES CAUSALES (PRIMER TRÁMITE CONSTITUCIONAL. BOLETÍN N° 9895‐11) [CONTINUACIÓN] El señor NÚÑEZ, don Marco Antonio (Presidente).- Corresponde continuar la discusión del proyecto de ley que regula la despenalización de la interrupción voluntaria del embarazo en tres causales. Antecedentes: -La discusión del proyecto se inició en la sesión 2ª de la presente legislatura, en 16 de marzo de 2016. El señor VALLESPÍN (Vicepresidente).- Recuerdo a todos los colegas y a todos los asistentes a las tribunas que los valores del respeto y de la tolerancia son fundamentales en este hemiciclo, por lo que debemos escucharnos los unos a los otros. Tiene la palabra la diputada señorita Camila Vallejo . La señorita VALLEJO (doña Camila) .- Señor Presidente, hoy no es el día histórico que prometimos en las pasadas elecciones, pero estamos dando un paso importante para cumplir con esa promesa. Ha pasado un año legislativo, y recién ahora vamos a votar, en primer trámite constitucional, la despenalización del aborto por tres causales: peligro de vida de la madre, violación e inviabilidad del feto. Han pasado veintisiete años desde 1989, casi tres décadas en las que los derechos a la vida, a la integridad psíquica y física de cientos de miles de mujeres chilenas han sido vulnerados por el Estado de Chile. Biblioteca del Congreso Nacional de Chile - www.bcn.cl/laborparlamentaria - documento generado el 11-06-2020 Labor parlamentaria de Camila Vallejo Dowling Página 4 de 231 Intervención Honestamente, penalizar a una mujer por interrumpir su embarazo en caso de que peligre su vida, es obligarla a elegir entre cometer un delito o morir. Penalizar a una mujer cuando aborta en caso de que el feto no tenga viabilidad, es castigarla dos veces, como si no fuese suficiente castigo vivir esa tragedia. Cuántas veces nos hemos encontrado con casos de mujeres que, después de haber vivido la muerte de su hijo recién nacido, sufren por décadas trastornos psicológicos y un profundo trauma. Penar el aborto en caso de violación es amenazar con cárcel a la víctima de un delito repugnante. Es claro que el feto, que en el futuro podría ser un niño o una niña recién nacido, es víctima, pero también lo es la mujer. Estoy absolutamente convencida de que penalizar el aborto viola los derechos humanos de las mujeres que viven en Chile; pero también estoy convencida de que con la aprobación de este proyecto estaremos corrigiendo la arbitrariedad y el abuso que hoy nos condenan injustamente. El Estado de Chile transgrede a diario los derechos a la vida y a la integridad física y psíquica de las mujeres, así como su derecho a la salud, a la libertad y a la autodeterminación, solo por una imposición religiosa y por una obligación ideológica establecida durante la dictadura, que hemos tolerado injustificadamente por veintisiete años. Es una vergüenza que Chile sea uno de los seis países del mundo -los otros son El Salvador , Nicaragua , República Dominicana , Malta y el Estado católico del Vaticano que penaliza el aborto en toda circunstancia. ¿Cuántas veces tendremos que escuchar a los organismos internacionales de derechos humanos emplazar al Estado de Chile para que actualice sus arcaicas normas y despenalice el aborto, para entender que se trata de una deuda histórica en el reconocimiento de los derechos de las mujeres? He escuchado muchos argumentos que apelan a la humanidad para oponerse al aborto; pero yo me pregunto de qué humanidad me hablan, si la sociedad ha obligado, ni siquiera a mujeres adultas, sino a niñas de 11 o 12 años, a adolescentes que están en pleno desarrollo físico y psicológico, a mantener un embarazo debido a una violación. Y lo que es peor, luego las abandonan a su propia suerte. En esos casos, ¿cómo pueden siquiera sostener el argumento de la defensa a la vida, si han decidido deliberadamente arruinar la vida a una niña en plena edad escolar? Quizás lo que más lamento en este debate es escuchar a mujeres que agreden a otras. -Manifestaciones en la Sala. El señor VALLESPÍN (Vicepresidente).- ¡Silencio en la Sala! Quienes intervienen en el debate son los diputados y no debe existir interacción con los asistentes. Biblioteca del Congreso Nacional de Chile - www.bcn.cl/laborparlamentaria - documento generado el 11-06-2020 Labor parlamentaria de Camila Vallejo Dowling Página 5 de 231 Intervención Por favor, pido silencio a los asistentes a tribunas para escuchar las intervenciones de los diputados. Puede continuar, señorita diputada. La señorita VALLEJO (doña Camila) .- Gracias, señor Presidente. Después pueden pifiar, pero espero que ahora me permitan hablar. Para defender su voto en contra del proyecto en la Comisión de Salud, la diputada Turres dijo que hay “violaciones que son violentas y otras que no son violentas”. Ella no imagina lo que duelen sus palabras a cada mujer que ha sido víctima de una violación. Y mi reclamo a su falsa e inaceptable justificación es por su falta de humanidad y empatía. La verdadera falta de humanidad proviene de argumentos fundamentalistas que no valoran realmente a las mujeres, que no las ven como seres humanos. Obligar a las mujeres a mantener embarazos en contra de su voluntad es una tortura psicológica, pero en muchas ocasiones puede transformarse en una tortura física, como en el caso de peligro de vida de la madre. Me parece inaceptable, intolerable, que parlamentarios definan cuestiones que son propias de las mujeres. Ojalá nunca me suceda, pero si estuviera embarazada por haber sido violada, si estuviese en riesgo de muerte por mantener un embarazo o si supiera que mi hijo va a morir al momento de hacer, me parecería inaceptable que un parlamentario de esta Sala decidiera si debo o no debo ser penalizada. Por lo demás, el aborto existe. Miles de mujeres abortan cada año en Chile. Las mujeres de bajos recursos lo hacen de manera clandestina, en pésimas condiciones de salubridad; sufren infecciones, heridas y muchas mueren en el proceso. ¿Hasta
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