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User’s Guide

VERSION 7.5

®

release

2.61 for Windows 98, 2000, NT

ME and XP

dataBased Intelligence, Inc. http://www.dbase.com news://news.dbase.com
Vestal, NY

dataBased Intelligence, Inc. or Borland International may have patents and/or pending patent applications covering subject matter in this document. The furnishing of this document does not give you any license to these patents.

COPYRIGHT © 2006 dataBased Intelligence, Inc. All rights reserved. All dBASE product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of dataBased Intelligence, Inc. All Borland product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of Borland International, Inc. Other brand and product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders.

Printed in the U.S.A.

Contents

Source Editor behavior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10

Chapter 1

Table Designer behavior. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11 Optimized ReportViewer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11
Overview of dBASE Plus version 2.5. . . . . . . . . . . . .11
Mouse events . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11 Grid Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11 Project Explorer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11 TreeView. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12 Array Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12 Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12 Inspector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12 _app Object . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12 _app.frameWin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12 Procedure files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12 Report Designer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12 Error Handling. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12 CHOOSEPRINTER( ) and choosePrinter( ) . . . . . . .13
Overview of dBASE Plus version 2.6 . . . . . . . . . . . . .13
Windows XP Themes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13 dBASE IDE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13 Form Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13 New Image Class properties. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13 PushButton. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14 Mouse Wheel Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14 Grid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14 Rectangle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14 MousePointer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14 GETFONT( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14 ReportViewer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14 Error Dialog . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14 Exception Handling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14 Reports. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14 ListBox . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14 Enhanced Version Info in core product files. . . . . . . .14 Project Explorer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15 dBASE Plus Installer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15 Apache Configuration Wizard. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15
Overview of dBASE Plus version 2.61 . . . . . . . . . . . .15
New Bundled ODBC Drivers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15 Streamlined client application deployment . . . . . . . .15 Database Class. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15 Entryfield and SpinBox Classes . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15 Exception Handling/Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15 Grid Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15 Project Explorer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16 Query Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16 Rowset Class. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16 Source Editor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16 Variant Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16 dQuery (Developer's Edition v3.03). . . . . . . . . . . .16 AgSum( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16 ArgVector() . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17 Editor Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17 EntryField Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17 Form Class. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17 Form Designer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17 mousePointer Property . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17 MSGBOX( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18

onMouseOver / onMouseOut Events . . . . . . . . . . .18

  • Introduction to dBASE Plus
  • 1

Welcome to dBASE Plus !. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
What is dBASE Plus? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 dBASE Newsgroups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 The dBASE Plus Knowledgebase: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Changes from earlier versions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Visual dBase 5.x through Visual dBase 7.0 . . . . . . . . . . 2
Report objects and the integrated Report designer . . . . . 3 Project Explorer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Data objects. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Visual designers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 ActiveX integration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 The Inspector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Full-featured Source editor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 SQL designer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 BDE Administrator and database support . . . . . . . . . 4 DBF7 file format features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Samples and sample viewer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Changes since Visual dBASE 7.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Form class properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Rowset class properties and methods. . . . . . . . . . . . 6 _app object properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 app object property used to override Rowset SET SKIP behavior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Date Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 New Preprocessor identifier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 A few words about Source Aliasing and Dynamic External Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 DEO - Dynamic External Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Rowset class enhanced to support OODML version of SET SKIP behavior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 New _app object property used to override Rowset SET SKIP behavior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 New error handling properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Starting dBASE Plus or application .exe without using the BDE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Startup optimizations for Web applications . . . . . . . . 8 Change to command line for PLUSRun.exe . . . . . . . . 8
Overview of dBASE Plus version 2.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 dBASE Plus Server Side Web Components . . . . . . . . 9 New Class. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Changes to the Command Line for PLUSrun.exe . . . . . 9 Array class properties, events and methods . . . . . . . . 9 Form class properties, events and methods. . . . . . . . . 9 Grid class properties, events and methods . . . . . . . . . 9
Overview of dBASE Plus version 2.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
New Project Explorer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 New Class. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Designer class properties, events and methods. . . . . . 10 Existing property now included in the ComboBox and Editor classes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Existing property now included in the Listbox class . . . 10 GETFILE( ), PUTFILE( ) functions, and getFile ( ) method. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 onNotify event . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 editorType property. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Grid behavior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Grid and Browse object behavior. . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

iii
Printer Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Project Explorer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Query Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 QUIT Command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Report Designer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Rowset Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Runtime Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 SAVE … LIKE / LIKE( ) / LIKEC( ) . . . . . . . . . . 19 Source Editor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 SpinBox Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 StreamSource Class. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Subform Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Table View - Context Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 TreeView . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 XP Theme Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Create Table. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Database Connection Wizard. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Datamodule Code Generation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Export Wizard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Import Wizard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Miscellaneous. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Multi-Table View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 One-Click Windows Application. . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Parent/Child Wizard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Reports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Set Order Dialog . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 SQL Expression Generation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Star Filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Web Wizards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 XP Theme Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 dBASE Plus documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Typographical conventions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Documentation updates and additional information resources23 Software registration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
The Project Explorer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34
Starting a New Project . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34
Adding an existing file: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36 Creating a new file to add to the Project: . . . . . . . . .36 A few things to consider. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36 Translating the Project File line . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37 Converting the pathnames . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37 Converting relative pathnames: . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37 Opening a .PRJ file in the dBASE Plus Source Editor: . .37
Opening a Project . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38
The Details tab. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38 The Source tab. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38 The Viewer tab. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38
Creating an Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38 Creating a DEO Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39
DEO Folders. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39 Selecting the DEO Folder For Each File . . . . . . . . .39 Selecting the DEO folder for each file . . . . . . . . . .39
Building the Executable. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40 .INI files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40 Encrypted Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41 OCX and DLL controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41 Using Inno. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41
The Defaults tab . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42 The Files tab . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42 Flags Parameter (Files tab) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43 The Menu Group tab. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .46 The Runtime tab . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .47 The License tab . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .47 The BDE Settings tab . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .48 The INI tab. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .48 The Script tab . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49
Building the user interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49 Form design guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .50
Goal of form design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .50 Purpose of a form . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .50 Some guidelines for data entry forms . . . . . . . . . . . . .50
Designing the form layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51
Guidelines for using the z-order. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51
Creating a form . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .52 Using the Form wizard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .52 Using the Form designer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .52 .WFM file structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .53
Form class definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .54 How the contents are generated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .54
Editing a .WFM file. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .54
Editing the header and bootstrap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .55 Editing properties in the .WFM file. . . . . . . . . . . . . .55
Types of form windows. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .55
MDI and SDI applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .56 Modal and modeless windows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .56 Customizing the MDI form window . . . . . . . . . . . . .56
Standard features of MDI windows:. . . . . . . . . . . .56
Using multi-page forms. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .57
Global page (forms) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .57 Navigation buttons (form pages) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .57
Creating a custom form, report, or data module class . . . . . .58 Using a custom class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .58 Creating custom components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .59
Creating custom components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .59 Adding custom components to the Component palette . . . .60 Removing custom components from the Component palette.60

Chapter 2

Installing dBASE Plus and connecting

  • to an SQL database server
  • 25

What you need to run dBASE Plus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
HARDWARE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 OPERATING SYSTEM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 NETWORKS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Products and programs in your dBASE Plus package. . . . . . 26 Installing dBASE Plus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 What happens during installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Un-installing dBASE Plus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 How to connect to an SQL database server . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Install and configure the server software. . . . . . . . . . . 27 Configure the Borland Database Engine (BDE) . . . . . . . 28 Listing SQL tables in the Navigator . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

Chapter 3

Introduction to programming in dBL 29

"Hard coding" vs. visual programming . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 Advantages of event-driven programs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 How event-driven programs work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Developing event-driven programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

Chapter 4

  • Creating an application
  • 33

Creating an application (basic steps) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 iv
Selecting components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .84 Moving components. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .85 Cutting, copying, pasting, deleting components . . . . . . .85 Undoing and redoing in the designers. . . . . . . . . . . . .85 Aligning components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .85 Resizing components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .85 Spacing components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .87
Setting a scheme (Form designer) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .87 Editing a Text object . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .88 Saving, running, and printing forms and reports . . . . . . . . .88
Opening a form or report in Run mode . . . . . . . . . . . .88 Printing a form or report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .88

Chapter 5

  • Accessing and linking tables
  • 62

The dBASE data model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Query objects. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
SQL property . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 rowset property . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Rowset objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
The row cursor and navigation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 Rowset modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 Rowset events. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 Row buffer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
Field objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 value property. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 Using dataLinks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Database objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Accessing a database . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 Database-level security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 Database-level methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 Default Database object . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Session objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 StoredProc objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 DataModRef objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
Linking a form or report to tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
Linking to a table automatically . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 Linking to a table manually . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 Procedure for using a Session object. . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 Calling a stored procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Using local and remote tables together . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 Creating master-detail relationships (overview). . . . . . . . . 68
Using an SQL JOIN statement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 Linking master-detail in local tables . . . . . . . . . . . 70 Using the masterSource property. . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
What is a DataModule? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
Creating a DataModule. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Creating business rules in a DataModule. . . . . . . . . 72
Using a DataModule . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72

Chapter 7

  • Creating menus and toolbars
  • 90

Attaching pulldown menus to forms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .90 Attaching popup menus to forms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .90 Creating toolbars and attaching them to forms . . . . . . . . . .91
Creating a reusable toolbar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .91 Attaching a reusable toolbar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .91 Creating a custom toolbar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .92
Creating menus with the designers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .93
The designer menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .93 Building blocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .93 Adding, editing and navigating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .94 Features demonstration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .94
Examining menu file code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .95
Changing menu properties on the fly . . . . . . . . . . . . .97
Menu and menu item properties, events and methods . . . . . .97 Toolbar and toolbutton properties, events and methods . . . . .99

Chapter 8

Using the Source editor and other

  • code tools
  • 101

Using the Source editor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
Two-pane window with tree view. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102 Notes on the Source editor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
Creating a new method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103 The Code Block Builder for editing code blocks. . . . . . . . 103
To create or edit a codeblock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
Editing an existing code block. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
The Command window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
Typing and executing commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
Executing a block of commands. . . . . . . . . . . . . 105 Reusing commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
Editing in the Command window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
Saving commands into programs . . . . . . . . . . . . 106

Chapter 6

Using the Form and Report

  • designers
  • 73

The designer windows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 Design and Run modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
The Form Design Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 The Report Design window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 The visual design is reflected in your code . . . . . . . . . 75
Component palette . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Standard page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 Data Access page. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 Data Buttons page (forms) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 Report page. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 Custom page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 Using ActiveX (*.OCX) controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
The Field palette . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 The Inspector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
Properties page of the Inspector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81 Events page of the Inspector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 Methods page of the Inspector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 The Method menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Manipulating components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Placing components on a form or report . . . . . . . . . . . 84 Special case: container components . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84

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