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Victorian Jamaica History /Visual Culture Victorian Jamaica TIM BARRINGER is Paul Mellon Professor “Victorian Jamaica brings imperial historical and sociocultural analysis to bear upon the Victorian Jamaica explores the extraordinary and Chair of the Department of the History of material, performative, and visual cultures of the period, and the cumulative effect is surviving archive of visual representation and Art at Yale University and the author and editor stunning! Its comprehensive and wide-ranging contributions encourage us to think material objects to provide a comprehensive of several books, including Men at Work: Art and about empire in relation to everyday circulations and thus to focus on the complex account of Jamaican society during Queen Labour in Victorian Britain. and sometimes messy connections between space, time, and cultural production and Victoria’s reign over the British Empire, from practice. By exploring both changes in British imperial policy during the Victorian 1837 to 1901. In their analyses of material WAYNE MODEST is Head of the Research period and transformations in subjectivity among colonial subjects in the exemplary ranging from photographs of plantation Center for Material Culture at the Stichting case of Jamaica, our eyes are drawn to the ways ordinary people participated in imperial laborers and landscape paintings to cricket Nationaal Museum van Wereldculturen, Professor circulations, transformed metropolitan spaces, and negotiated changing geopolitical team photographs, furniture, and architecture, of Material Culture and Critical Heritage Studies fields. An interdisciplinary tour de force, and a must read for anyone interested in as well as a wide range of texts, the contributors at Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, and coeditor of Atlantic World modernities!” trace the relationship between black Jamaicans Museums, Heritage, and International Development. and colonial institutions; contextualize race [ Deborah a. Thomas ] author of Exceptional Violence: Embodied Citizenship in Transnational Jamaica within ritual and performance; and outline how CONTRIBUTORS Anna Arabindan-Kesson, material and visual culture helped shape the Tim Barringer, Anthony Bogues, David Boxer, “Victorian Jamaica is a historiographical intervention with wide-ranging implications. complex politics of colonial society. By narrating Patrick Bryan, Steeve O. Buckridge, Julian It invites us to comprehensively reconsider a formative era in the making of postemanci- Victorian history from a Caribbean perspective, Cresser, John M. Cross, Petrina Dacres, Belinda pation Jamaica, when a new social order of conflicting norms and values and aspirations this richly illustrated volume—featuring Edmondson, Nadia Ellis, Gillian Forrester, emerged within an ideologically distinctive imperial matrix. The innovative essays that 270 full-color images—offers a complex and Catherine Hall, Gad Heuman, Rivke Jaffe, it comprises seek to explore a variety of arenas within this new order with genuinely nuanced portrait of Jamaica that expands our Erica Moiah James, O’Neil Lawrence, Jan Marsh, provocative insight.” understanding of the wider history of the Wayne Modest, Daniel T. Neely, Mark Nesbitt, British Empire and Atlantic world during [ DaviD scoTT ] Columbia University Diana Paton, Elizabeth Pigou-Dennis, Veerle this period. Poupeye, Jennifer Raab, James Robertson, Shani Roper, Faith Smith, Nicole Smythe-Johnson, Dianne M. Stewart, Krista A. Thompson DUKE UNIVERSITY PRESS www.dukeupress.edu BARRINGER DUKE UNIVERSITY PRESS AND MODEST www.dukeupress.edu Cover art A. Duperly and Sons, Statue of Governor [ Editors ] Metcalfe at the Landing Pier, Kingston Harbour, 1900. Victorian Jamaica Courtesy of the National Library of Jamaica, N/100, 122. DUKE TIM BARRINGER AND WAYNE MODEST [ Editors ] VICTORIAN JAMAICA 01 Jamaica 4PP_fm-pt1_pi-xx_1-277.indd 1 2/27/18 10:09 AM TIM BARRINGER AND WAYNE MODEST [ Editors ] Victorian Jamaica Duke University Press Durham and London 2018 01 Jamaica 4PP_fm-pt1_pi-xx_1-277.indd 2 2/27/18 10:09 AM TIM BARRINGER AND WAYNE MODEST [ Editors ] Victorian Jamaica 01 Jamaica 4PP_fm-pt1_pi-xx_1-277.indd 3 2/27/18 10:09 AM © 2018 Duke University Press All rights reserved Printed in China on acid- free paper ∞ Designed by Mindy Basinger Hill Typeset in Adobe Caslon Pro by BW&A Books, Inc. Cover art: A. Duperly and Sons, Statue of Governor Metcalfe at the Landing Pier, Kingston Harbour, 1900. Courtesy of the National Library of Jamaica, N/100, 122. Library of Congress Cataloging- in- Publication Data Names: Barringer, T. J., editor. | Modest, Wayne, editor. Title: Victorian Jamaica / Timothy Barringer and Wayne Modest, editors. Description: Durham : Duke University Press, 2018. | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2017039418 (print) | LCCN 2018000300 (ebook) | ISBN 9780822374626 (ebook) ISBN 9780822360537 (hardcover : alk. paper ISBN 9780822360681 (pbk. : alk. paper) Subjects: LCSH: Jamaica—Civilization—19th century. | Jamaica— History—19th century. | Jamaica—Social life and customs— 19th century. | Great Britain—Colonies—History—19th century. Classification: LCC F1886 (ebook) | LCC F1886 .V53 2018 (print) | DDC 972.92/04—dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2017039418 Duke University Press gratefully acknowledges the support of Yale University, which supported the publication of this book from an endowment provided by Paul Mellon. 01_Barringer_4PP_fm-pt1_pi-xx_1-277.indd 4 3/2/18 10:37 AM Contents Acknowledgments xix Introduction WayNe MoDeSt aND Tim BarrINger 1 OBJECT LESSONS Introduction to Object Lessons WayNe MoDeSt aND Tim BarrINger 51 1. The Cruickshank Lock, circa 1838 WayNe MoDeSt 55 2. Table, circa 1830– 1840 JoHN M. CroSS 59 3. A Tread-Mill Scene in Jamaica, 1837 DIaNa PatoN 61 4. Sligoville with Mission Premises, 1843 CatHerINe HaLL 63 5. A View of Coke Chapel from the Parade, circa 1846– 1847 JaMeS roBertSoN 67 6. The Ordinance of Baptism, 1843 DIaNNe M. SteWart 69 7. Kidd’s New Plan of the City of Kingston, Jamaica, 1854 RivaF ke J F e 73 8. Grave of Eighty Rebels near Morant Bay, Jamaica, 1865 WayNe MoDeSt 77 9. Map Recording the Rebellion of 1865 gaD HeuMaN 79 10. Vale of St. Thomas, Jamaica, 1867 JeNNIFer raaB 83 11. Newcastle, Jamaica, 1884 Tim BarrINger 85 12. Opening the Railway Line at Porus, 1885 JaMeS roBertSoN 89 13. Day School Children, Jamaica, circa 1900 PatrC I k Bryan 91 14. Wedding Group, Jamaica, circa 1900 AntHoNy BogueS 95 01 Jamaica 4PP_fm-pt1_pi-xx_1-277.indd 5 2/27/18 10:09 AM 15. Child’s Outdoor Cap. Lace- bark, circa 1850– 1861 Stee Ve o. BuCkrIDge 97 16. Grandmother on Mother’s Side, circa 1895– 1905 PatrC I k Bryan 99 17. Mary Seacole, 1871 JaN MarSH 103 18. Fatima, circa 1886 eCorI a M IaH JaMeS 105 19. Selection of Jamaican Wood Samples Made for the 1891 Exhibition Veer Le PouPeye, NicoLe SMytHe- JoHNSoN, a ND o’NeIL LaWrence 109 20. Illustration of an Obeah Figure, 1893 DIaNa PatoN 111 21. Castleton Gardens, 1908 k rISta a. ThoMPSoN 115 22. Queen Victoria, 1915 PetrINa DaCreS 117 PART I MAKING VICTORIAN SUBJECTS Chapter 1 State Formation in Victorian Jamaica DIaNa PatoN 125 Chapter 2 Victorian Jamaica: The View from the Colonial Office gaD HeuMaN 139 Chapter 3 Liberalism, Colonial Power, Subjectivities, and the Technologies of Pastoral Coloniality: The Jamaican Case AntHoNy BogueS 156 Chapter 4 Dirt, Disease, and Difference in Victorian Jamaica: The Politics of Sanitary Reform in the Milroy Report of 1852 RivaF ke J F e 174 Chapter 5 Creating Good Colonial Citizens: Industrial Schools and Reformatories in Victorian Jamaica SHaNI roPer 190 Chapter 6 Botany in Victorian Jamaica Mark NeSBItt 209 Chapter 7 Victorian Sport in Jamaica, 1863– 1909 JuI L aN CreSSer 240 Chapter 8 Rewriting the Past: Imperial Histories of the Antislavery Nation CatHerINe HaLL 263 01 Jamaica 4PP_fm-pt1_pi-xx_1-277.indd 6 2/27/18 10:09 AM PART II VISUAL AND MATERIAL CULTURES Chapter 9 Land, Labor, Landscape: Views of the Plantation in Victorian Jamaica Tim BarrINger 281 Chapter 10 The Duperly Family and Photography in Victorian Jamaica DaID V Boxer 322 Chapter 11 Noel B. Livingston’s Gallery of Illustrious Jamaicans GilliaN ForreSter 357 Chapter 12 Picturing South Asians in Victorian Jamaica Anna a ar BINDaN- keSSoN 395 Chapter 13 Victorian Furniture in Jamaica JoHN M. CroSS 420 Chapter 14 Jamaica’s Victorian Architectures, 1834– 1907 JaMeS roBertSoN 439 Chapter 15 Creole Architecture in Victorian Jamaica Elit zaBe H PIgou- DeNNIS 474 Chapter 16 “Keeping Alive Before the People’s Eyes This Great Event”: Kingston’s Queen Victoria Monument PetrINa DaCreS 493 Chapter 17 “A Period of Exhibitions”: World’s Fairs, Museums, and the Laboring Black Body in Jamaica WayNe MoDeSt 523 PART III RACE, PERFORMANCE, RITUAL Chapter 18 “Most Intensely Jamaican”: The Rise of Brown Identity in Jamaica Belinda EdmoNDSoN 553 Chapter 19 “Black Skin, White Mask?”: Race, Class, and the Politics of Dress in Victorian Jamaican Society, 1837– 1901 Stee Ve o. BuCkrIDge 577 Chapter 20 Kumina: A Spiritual Vocabulary of Nationhood in Victorian Jamaica DIaNNe M. SteWart 602 Chapter 21 Jamaican Performance in the Age of Emancipation NaI D a Ellis 622 01 Jamaica 4PP_fm-pt1_pi-xx_1-277.indd 7 2/27/18 10:09 AM Chapter 22 Black Jamaica and the Victorian Musical Imaginary Da NIeL t. NeeLy 641 Chapter 23 “A Mysterious Murder”: Considering Jamaican Victorianism FaItH SMItH 658 Contributors 675 Index 685 01 Jamaica 4PP_fm-pt1_pi-xx_1-277.indd 8 2/27/18 10:09 AM List of Illustrations Figs. I.1– 6 Adolphe Duperly, Commemorative of the Extinction of Slavery on the First of August 1838 2–6 Fig. I.7 David Lucas, The First of August​ 8 Figs. I.8– 9 Chalice, inscribed with the words “Purchased . by the slaves of the Golden Grove” 10 Fig. I.10 Isaac Mendes Belisario, Koo- Koo, or Actor- Boy 13 Fig. I.11 Joseph Bartholomew Kidd, Mountain Cottage Scene, Cocoa Nut Trees in the Fore Ground 14 Fig. I.12 Photographer unknown, Susannah (Old Slave) and Blagrove 15 Fig. I.13 Louis Julian Jacottet, A View of the Court- House (Taken on the Day of an Election) 17 Fig.
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