Indigo How to Make, Use, and Tend Two Kinds of Natural Vats + Clay Resist
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Improving the Fastness Properties of Cotton Fabric Through the Implementation of Different Mordanting Agents Dyed with Natural Dye Extracted from Marigold
American Journal of Polymer Science and Engineering Islam M, American Journal of Polymer Sciencehttp://www.ivyunion.org/index.php/ajpse/ and Engineering 2016, 4:8-16 Page 1 of 17 Research Article Improving the Fastness Properties of Cotton Fabric through the Implementation of Different Mordanting Agents Dyed with Natural Dye Extracted from Marigold Mazharul Islam1, K. M. Faridul Hasan1*, Hridam Deb1, Md Faisal Ashik2, Weilin Xu1 1 School of Textile Science and Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan, China 2 School Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan, China Abstract Extraction of natural dyes for the coloration of Textile substrate is one the most important research area to the researchers. It is tried to extract the natural dyes from marigold flower through using the different kinds of mordanting agents. In this research, a particular source is used for dyes extraction. Before the extraction Patel of the marigold flower was extracted and dried on sunlight, subsequently dried in room temperature due to preserve the natural colorant. The natural dyes were extracted by boiling the above substrates in water without any chemicals. As mordant, Potash Alum [K2Al2(SO4)3.24H2O], Ferrous Sulphate(FeSO4),Copper Sulphate (CuSO4),Nickel (II) Sulphate (NiSO4),Potassium Dichromate (K2Cr2O7),Stannous Chloride(SnCl2) were used. The mordanting procedures were followed same for all the experiments. The treatment runtime was 60 minute at 100oC. After mordanting each sample fabric was kept for 24 hours for conditioning and then the dyeing was done. But as there is no particular dyeing method for natural dyeing so it is followed some trial and some convenient methods were made after trial for several times. -
Natural Colourants with Ancient Concept and Probable Uses
JOURNAL OF ADVANCED BOTANY AND ZOOLOGY Journal homepage: http://scienceq.org/Journals/JABZ.php Review Open Access Natural Colourants With Ancient Concept and Probable Uses Tabassum Khair1, Sujoy Bhusan2, Koushik Choudhury2, Ratna Choudhury3, Manabendra Debnath4 and Biplab De2* 1 Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Assam University, Silchar, Assam, India. 2 Regional Institute of Pharmaceutical Science And Technology, Abhoynagar, Agartala, Tripura, India. 3 Rajnagar H. S. School, Agartala, Tripura, India. 4 Department of Human Physiology, Swami Vivekananda Mahavidyalaya, Mohanpur, Tripura, India. *Corresponding author: Biplab De, E-mail: [email protected] Received: February 20, 2017, Accepted: April 15, 2017, Published: April 15, 2017. ABSTRACT: The majority of natural colourants are of vegetable origin from plant sources –roots, berries, barks, leaves, wood and other organic sources such as fungi and lichens. In the medicinal and food products apart from active constituents there are several other ingredients present which are used for either ethical or technical reasons. Colouring agent is one of them, known as excipients. The discovery of man-made synthetic dye in the mid-19th century triggered a long decline in the large-scale market for natural dyes as practiced by the villagers and tribes. The continuous use of synthetic colours in textile and food industry has been found to be detrimental to human health, also leading to environmental degradation. Biocolours are extracted by the villagers and certain tribes from natural herbs, plants as leaves, fruits (rind or seeds), flowers (petals, stamens), bark or roots, minerals such as prussian blue, red ochre & ultramarine blue and are also of insect origin such as lac, cochineal and kermes. -
Indigo Fructose Dye Vat
Kraftkolour Pty Ltd Factory 2, 99 Heyington Ave THOMASTOWN Vic 3074 Tel: 1300 720 493 Web: Kraftkolour.net.au Indigo Fructose Dye Vat The fructose indigo vat was developed by Michel Garcia. The addition of the fructose sugar acts as a reducing agent to the Indigo. The sugar removes one of the oxygen molecules from the indigo making it soluble in water. The addition of the Calcium Hydroxide (slaked or hydrated lime) changes the pH from an acid to a base. The proper pH to get good colour on wool should be about +9 and for cotton and cellulose +10. When the yarn or fabric is dipped into the indigo dye vat, it turns a green colour. When the yarn is raised into the air, the oxygen molecules from the air, bind with the indigo and turn the green into blue. To get darker and more intense blues, the yarn needs to be dipped into the indigo vat and raised into the air to oxidize several times. The colour builds up onto the yarn or cloth in layers. Keep dipping and airing out the yarn until the desired level of colour is achieved. An Indigo vat can be re-used and kept alive for several weeks until all of the indigo has been exhausted. If the Vat still has indigo but has turned blue, reheat the Vat to 50 deg C. Check the pH. Add about a teaspoon of fructose crystals and wait 15-30 minutes. The Vat should turn green. If it is still blue add some Calcium Hydroxide. -
The Maiwa Guide to NATURAL DYES W H at T H Ey a R E a N D H Ow to U S E T H E M
the maiwa guide to NATURAL DYES WHAT THEY ARE AND HOW TO USE THEM WA L NUT NATURA L I ND IG O MADDER TARA SYM PL O C OS SUMA C SE Q UO I A MAR IG O L D SA FFL OWER B U CK THORN LIVI N G B L UE MYRO B A L AN K AMA L A L A C I ND IG O HENNA H I MA L AYAN RHU B AR B G A LL NUT WE L D P OME G RANATE L O G WOOD EASTERN B RA ZIL WOOD C UT C H C HAMOM IL E ( SA PP ANWOOD ) A LK ANET ON I ON S KI NS OSA G E C HESTNUT C O C H I NEA L Q UE B RA C HO EU P ATOR I UM $1.00 603216 NATURAL DYES WHAT THEY ARE AND HOW TO USE THEM Artisans have added colour to cloth for thousands of years. It is only recently (the first artificial dye was invented in 1857) that the textile industry has turned to synthetic dyes. Today, many craftspeople are rediscovering the joy of achieving colour through the use of renewable, non-toxic, natural sources. Natural dyes are inviting and satisfying to use. Most are familiar substances that will spark creative ideas and widen your view of the world. Try experimenting. Colour can be coaxed from many different sources. Once the cloth or fibre is prepared for dyeing it will soak up the colour, yielding a range of results from deep jew- el-like tones to dusky heathers and pastels. -
Chemical Groups and Botanical Distribution
International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences ISSN- 0975-1491 Vol 8, Issue 10, 2016 Review Article REVIEW: FROM SCREENING TO APPLICATION OF MOROCCAN DYEING PLANTS: CHEMICAL GROUPS AND BOTANICAL DISTRIBUTION IMANE ALOUANI, MOHAMMED OULAD BOUYAHYA IDRISSI, MUSTAPHA DRAOUI, MUSTAPHA BOUATIA Laboratory of Analytical Chemestry, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat Email: [email protected] Received: 19 May 2016 Revised and Accepted: 12 Aug 2016 ABSTRACT Many dyes are contained in plants and are used for coloring a medium. They are characterized by their content of dyes molecules. They stimulate interest because they are part of a sustainable development approach. There are several chemicals families of plant dye which are contained in more than 450 plants known around the world. In this article, a study based on literature allowed us to realize an inventory of the main dyes plants potentially present in Morocco. A list of 117 plants was established specifying their botanical families, chemical Composition, Colors and parts of the plant used. Keywords: Natural dye, Morocco, Chemical structures, Plant pigments, Extraction © 2016 The Authors. Published by Innovare Academic Sciences Pvt Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons. org/licenses/by/4. 0/) DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ijpps.2016v8i10.12960 INTRODUCTION [5]. They are also biodegradable and compatible with the environment [12]. Several hundred species of plants are used around the world, sometimes for thousands of years for their ability to stain a medium In this article, we process methods of extraction and analysis, or material[1]. -
NATURAL DYE 101 Indigo NATURAL DYE 101: Indigo
NATURAL DYE 101 Indigo NATURAL DYE 101: Indigo •IS THERE ANOTHER NATURAL DYE that holds such deep, almost magical, powers as indigo? One that is called by so many names, such as ai (Japan), landian (China), chàm (Laos and Vietnam), nila (India), gara (Africa), or añil (Central America)? One that beckons the spirits or causes mutinies? In this collection of articles, learn about the natural dye indigo—an overview of its history and science, and places to visit with rich indigo cultural roots. Meet a few artisans who work with indigo and sustain its traditional roots, learn some tips for dyeing and care, and learn more from additional resources. Contents Explore the World of the Natural Dye Indigo and How-To | 3 A Place to Visit: Lao Traditional Culture and Education Center in Vientiane, Laos | 6 Meet Ms. Mai Suxiong, An Artisan of Hmong Batik Indigo Cloth | 8 In Country: Indigo and the El Salvador Story of Grace Guirola | 10 An Ode to Indigo and Dorothy Miller | 12 Natural Fermentation Vat | 14 A Care Tip: Washing Excess Indigo Dye Particles | 15 Contemporary Artisan Cloth and Indigo Projects | 16 Additional Resources | 16 Further Reading | 17 ClothRoads | NATURAL DYEING 101: INDIGO | 2 Explore the World of the Natural Dye Indigo •by Judy Newland OUR JOURNEY through the ancient and mysterious world of the natural dye indigo begins with an overview of this dye deeply embedded in cultures around the world--one that is both art and science and touches the disciplines of botany, chemistry, economics, fashion, medicine, politics, as well as textile and social history. -
Tyrian Purple (6,6'-Dibromoindigo)
Tyrian Purple (6,6’-dibromoindigo) A New Twist on the Dye of Old An Ancient Process The Current Way The base chemical of 6,6’-dibromoindigo dye is Dow Chemical Company was the first company to make found naturally in mollusks and certain other crustaceans. Fabric can be dyed through synthetic indigo dye. 6,6’-dibromoindigo soon followed. Indigo direct dyeing, where the fabric or fiber is dyes (including 6,6’-dibromoindigo) are no longer made in the coated with the paste of the mollusk’s mucus U.S., because it is cheaper to import them from other countries. gland. The pasted fabric is allowed to sit in the Today, indigo dye is produced using laboratory chemical sun so that the purple can develop. Fabric can processes. These processes are highly efficient and cost-effective also be dyed using vat dyeing. In this process, the saliva of the mollusk is combined with for the companies that use them, but there are a growing paste of the mucus gland and allowed to dry. number of environmental concerns that are associated with their This residue is ground into a powder and put manufacture and use, as the dying process creates a large into a warm solution of sodium hydroxide or amount of chemical waste that must be disposed of carefully. At lye, away from sunlight, and fabric this time, both lawmakers and chemists are investigating simpler, is immersed in it. Finally, the dyed fabric is put through a finishing process (for safer, and more efficient ways to get the vividly colored clothing example, an acid wash), and washed with soap and water. -
H'mong Ancient Methods of Indigo Dyeing and Beeswax Batik in Cat
International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) ISSN: 2319-7064 ResearchGate Impact Factor (2018): 0.28 | SJIF (2019): 7.583 H’mong Ancient Methods of Indigo Dyeing and Beeswax Batik in Cat CAT Village, Hoang Lien Commune, SAPA Town, Lao Cai Province, Vietnam Le Thi Hanh Lien1*, Nguyen Thi Hai Yen2, Dao Thi Luu3, Phi Thi Thu Hoang4, Nguyen Thuy Linh5 1, 2, 3, 4 Institute of Geography, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Nghia Do, CauGiay District, Ha Noi, Vietnam 5Management Development Institute of Singapore *Corresponding author: lehanhlien2017[at]gmail.com Abstract: Indigo dyeing and beeswax batik are the two traditional crafts that have long been associated with the H’Mong people in Sa Pa in general, Cat Cat village in particular and still preserved until the presentday. Through many stages of making indigo dye combined with sophisticated techniques and the ingenuity, meticulousness of the artisans in each motif and pattern, unique beeswax batik and indigo dyeing products have been created bringing the cultural identity of the H’mong people. These handicraft products have become a highlight to attract tourists to learn and discover local cultural values and they are meaningful souvenirs for visitors after each trip. In recent years, the development of the community-based tourism model in Cat Cat village has brought many benefits to the local community. Meanwhile, it has also contributed to creating opportunities for the development and restoration of H’mong traditional crafts. Keywords: indigo dyeing, beeswax batik, H’Mong, Cat Cat, Sa Pa 1. Introduction cultural and religious life of the H'Mong. -
Roadmap of Solid-State Lithium-Organic Batteries Toward 500 Wh Kg−1 † † Lihong Zhao, Alae Eddine Lakraychi, Zhaoyang Chen, Yanliang Liang, and Yan Yao*
Focus Review http://pubs.acs.org/journal/aelccp Roadmap of Solid-State Lithium-Organic Batteries toward 500 Wh kg−1 † † Lihong Zhao, Alae Eddine Lakraychi, Zhaoyang Chen, Yanliang Liang, and Yan Yao* Cite This: ACS Energy Lett. 2021, 6, 3287−3306 Read Online ACCESS Metrics & More Article Recommendations *sı Supporting Information ABSTRACT: Over the past few years, solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) have attracted tremendous attention due to their credible promise toward high-energy batteries. In parallel, organic battery electrode materials (OBEMs) are gaining momentum as strong candidates thanks to their lower environmental footprint, flexibility in molecular design and high energy metrics. Integration of the two constitutes a potential synergy to enable energy-dense solid- state batteries (SSBs) with high safety, low cost, and long-term sustainability. In this Review, we present the technological feasibility of combining OBEMs with SSEs along with the possible cell configurations that may result from this peculiar combination. We provide an overview of organic SSBs and discuss their main challenges. We analyze the performance-limiting factors and the critical cell design parameters governing cell-level specific energy and energy density. Lastly, we propose guidelines to achieve 500 Wh kg−1 cell-level specific energy with solid-state Li−organic batteries. Downloaded via Yan Yao on August 25, 2021 at 16:56:41 (UTC). rganic battery electrode materials (OBEMs) have molecules (<2 g cm−3) penalizes the energy density received considerable attention in the past few years. (volumetric) of assembled cells; second, low electronic O With a chemical composition derived from naturally conductivity imposes the use of large amount of conductive abundant elements (C, H, N, O, and S), a real possibility of agents which lower the cell-level specific energy (gravimetric); being generated from renewable resources (biomass), and an See https://pubs.acs.org/sharingguidelines for options on how to legitimately share published articles. -
Introduction to Indigo and Shibori
ICHF Show Guide NEC Birmingham 30th March – 2nd April 2006 1 Darkly, Deeply, Beautifully Blue Jane Callender explains the history behind the indigodyeing and shibori techniques which she uses to create fabulous fabrics. The Magic of Indigo dilemma, as a means of safe disposal Both natural and manufactured Know to man in ancient times, had yet to be found. It was coal tar. indigo are available to us today and indigo was harvested from plants In 1830, Berlin chemist Ferdinand astonishingly the process of dyeing flourishing in the hot climates of Runge sought recycling possibilities with either has remained the same. Africa, China, Japan, India and the from this substance and by 1834 had Unique and seemingly magical, it is Americas. We can only speculate as isolated the compound aniline oil. It very different to other methods of to how the blue dye yielded by many was known that natural indigo dyeing cloth and the key word in different species, a prolific genus contained aniline through the work understanding the process is oxygen. being Indigofera, was first revealed of Adolf von Bayer. Even though The prepared fabric is dipped, for a to man. Indigo was extracted from Runge made positive advancements minute or two, in the indigo vat, a the plant thorough fermentation, and into the world of synthetic dye stuffs golden/green colour, and then because it was able to be stored, it he was prevented from further allowed to hang in the air. With the was able to be sold. In the 13t h research – his amazing discovery was introduction of oxygen, absent in the century Marco Polo tells us that suppressed by management. -
Gum Arabic: More Than an Edible Emulsifier
1 Gum Arabic: More Than an Edible Emulsifier Mariana A. Montenegro1, María L. Boiero1, Lorena Valle2 and Claudio D. Borsarelli2 1Departamento de Química, Universidad Tecnológica Nacional- Facultad Regional Villa María, Córdoba 2Laboratorio de Cinética y Fotoquímica, Instituto de Química del Noroeste Argentino (INQUINOA-CONICET) Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero, Santiago del Estero Argentina 1. Introduction Gum Arabic (GA) or Acacia gum is an edible biopolymer obtained as exudates of mature trees of Acacia senegal and Acacia seyal which grow principally in the African region of Sahe in Sudan. The exudate is a non-viscous liquid, rich in soluble fibers, and its emanation from the stems and branches usually occurs under stress conditions such as drought, poor soil fertility, and injury (Williams & Phillips, 2000). The use of GA dates back to the second millennium BC when the Egyptians used it as an adhesive and ink. Throughout the time, GA found its way to Europe and it started to be called "gum arabic" because was exported from Arabian ports. Chemically, GA is a complex mixture of macromolecules of different size and composition (mainly carbohydrates and proteins). Today, the properties and features of GA have been widely explored and developed and it is being used in a wide range of industrial sectors such as textiles, ceramics, lithography, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals, encapsulation, food, etc. Regarding food industry, it is used as a stabilizer, a thickener and/or an emulsifier agent (e.g., soft drink syrup, gummy candies and creams) (Verbeken et al., 2003). In the pharmaceutical industry, GA is used in pharmaceutical preparations and as a carrier of drugs since it is considered a physiologically harmless substance. -
(Acacia Senegal, (L.) Willd) Plantation on Yield of Some Traditional Field Crops in Southern Darfur
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by KhartoumSpace The Effect of Spacing of Hashab (Acacia senegal, (L.) Willd) Plantation on Yield of some Traditional Field Crops in Southern Darfur. BY Mustafa Abdalla Nasreldin B.Sc. (Agriculture), University of Zagazig (Egypt), 1990 M.Sc. Forestry, University of Khartoum, 1996 A Thesis Submitted to University of Khartoum in Fulfillment of the Requirements for Ph. D. (Forestry) Agroforestry. Supervisor Professor Dr. Salah Eldin Goda Hussein Department of Silviculture Faculty of Forestry University of Khartoum December 2004 i Dedication To the soul of my father. To my mother and to my family. With deep love and respect, for their patience and encouragement. ii Acknowledgement I wish to express my sincere thanks and gratitude to Professor Dr. Salah Eldin Goda Hussein for his close and helpful supervision. My thanks also due to the Director of Forestry Research Center (ARC) Prof. Ahmed Ali Salih and to the Co-ordinator of Gum Arabic Research Dr. Mohammed Mukhtar Balal for their financial support to accomplish the fieldwork of this research. My special thanks are due to my colleagues and the staff of Nyala Research Station for their help particularly Mohamed Salah Eldin Mohmamed for his help in introducing the digital pictures in the computer and editing the figures and Amna Ibrahim Elzein for typing assistance . I am really indebted to the Agricultural Research Corporation (ARC) and to The National Training Administration on behalf of the government of the Sudan who offered me the opportunity of the study. And finally, my thanks and prayers to Allah for completion of this study.