DOCSLIB.ORG

NVIDIA Opengl Extension Specifications

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
NVIDIA Opengl Extension Specifications NVIDIA OpenGL Extension Specifications NVIDIA OpenGL Extension Specifications NVIDIA Corporation Mark J. Kilgard, editor [email protected] May 21, 2001 1 NVIDIA OpenGL Extension Specifications Copyright NVIDIA Corporation, 1999, 2000, 2001. This document is protected by copyright and contains information proprietary to NVIDIA Corporation as designated in the document. Other OpenGL extension specifications can be found at: http://oss.sgi.com/projects/ogl-sample/registry/ 2 NVIDIA OpenGL Extension Specifications Table of Contents Table of NVIDIA OpenGL Extension Support.............................. 4 ARB_imaging........................................................... 6 ARB_multisample....................................................... 7 ARB_multitexture..................................................... 18 ARB_texture_border_clamp............................................. 19 ARB_texture_compression.............................................. 25 ARB_texture_cube_map................................................. 48 ARB_texture_env_add.................................................. 62 ARB_texture_env_combine.............................................. 65 ARB_texture_env_dot3................................................. 73 ARB_transpose_matrix................................................. 76 EXT_abgr............................................................. 81 EXT_bgra............................................................. 84 EXT_blend_color...................................................... 86 EXT_blend_minmax..................................................... 89 EXT_blend_subtract................................................... 92 EXT_compiled_vertex_array............................................ 95 EXT_draw_range_elements.............................................. 98 EXT_fog_coord....................................................... 101 EXT_packed_pixels................................................... 108 EXT_paletted_texture................................................ 117 EXT_point_parameters................................................ 125 EXT_rescale_normal.................................................. 130 EXT_secondary_color................................................. 133 EXT_separate_specular_color......................................... 141 EXT_shared_texture_palette.......................................... 146 EXT_stencil_wrap.................................................... 149 EXT_texture_compression_s3tc........................................ 151 EXT_texture3D....................................................... 159 EXT_texture_cube_map................................................ 169 EXT_texture_edge_clamp.............................................. 170 EXT_texture_env_add................................................. 173 EXT_texture_env_combine............................................. 176 EXT_texture_env_dot3................................................ 182 EXT_texture_filter_anisotropic...................................... 185 EXT_texture_lod_bias................................................ 191 EXT_texture_object.................................................. 196 EXT_vertex_array.................................................... 204 EXT_vertex_weighting................................................ 216 IBM_texture_mirrored_repeat......................................... 227 NV_blend_square..................................................... 230 NV_evaluators....................................................... 233 NV_fence............................................................ 249 NV_fog_distance..................................................... 258 NV_light_max_exponent............................................... 262 NV_multisample_filter_hint.......................................... 265 NV_packed_depth_stencil............................................. 269 NV_register_combiners............................................... 277 NV_register_combiners2.............................................. 305 NV_texgen_emboss.................................................... 311 NV_texgen_reflection................................................ 317 NV_texture_compression_vtc.......................................... 320 NV_texture_env_combine4............................................. 325 NV_texture_rectangle................................................ 330 NV_texture_shader................................................... 343 NV_texture_shader2.................................................. 401 NV_vertex_array_range............................................... 412 NV_vertex_array_range2.............................................. 425 NV_vertex_program................................................... 428 SGIS_generate_mipmap................................................ 506 SGIS_texture_lod.................................................... 510 SGIX_depth_texture.................................................. 517 SGIX_shadow......................................................... 520 WGL_ARB_buffer_region............................................... 524 WGL_ARB_extensions_string........................................... 530 WGL_ARB_pbuffer..................................................... 533 WGL_ARB_pixel_format................................................ 540 WGL_EXT_swap_control................................................ 553 3 Table of NVIDIA OpenGL Extension Support NVIDIA OpenGL Extension Specifications Table of NVIDIA OpenGL Extension Support RIVA 128 RIVA TNT NV1x NV2x Extension family family family family Notes ARB_imaging R10 R10 X ARB_multisample X ARB_multitexture X X X ARB_texture_border_clamp X ARB_texture_compression X X ARB_texture_cube_map X X ARB_texture_env_add X X X ARB_texture_env_combine X X ARB_texture_env_dot3 X X ARB_transpose_matrix X X X EXT_abgr X X X X EXT_bgra X X X X 1.2 functionality EXT_blend_color X X ARB_imaging EXT_blend_minmax X X ARB_imaging EXT_blend_subtract X X ARB_imaging EXT_compiled_vertex_array X X X EXT_draw_range_elements X X X 1.2 functionality EXT_fog_coord X X X EXT_packed_pixels X X X X 1.2 functionality EXT_paletted_texture X X EXT_point_parameters X X X X EXT_rescale_normal X X 1.2 functionality EXT_secondary_color X X X EXT_separate_specular_color X X X 1.2 functionality EXT_shared_texture_palette X X EXT_stencil_wrap X X X X EXT_texture_compression_s3tc X X EXT_texture3D sw sw X 1.2 functionality EXT_texture_cube_map X X use ARB version EXT_texture_edge_clamp X X X 1.2 functionality EXT_texture_env_add X X X see ARB version EXT_texture_env_dot3 X X see ARB version EXT_texture_env_combine X X X see ARB version EXT_texture_filter_anisotropic X X EXT_texture_lod_bias R10 X X EXT_texture_object X X X X 1.1 functionality EXT_vertex_array X X X X 1.1 functionality EXT_vertex_weighting X X X KTX_buffer_region X X X X IBM_texture_mirrored_repeat X X X NV_blend_square X X X NV_evaluators R10 R10 X NV_fence XX NV_fog_distance X X X NV_light_max_exponent X X X NV_multisample_filter_hint X NV_register_combiners X X NV_register_combiners2 em X NV_texgen_emboss X NV_texgen_reflection X X X X NV_texture_compression_vtc NV_texture_env_combine4 X X X NV_texture_rectangle X X NV_texture_shader em X NV_texture_shader2 NV_vertex_array_range X X NV_vertex_array_range2 R10 R10 NV_vertex_program R10 X SGIS_generate_mipmap R10 X SGIS_multitexture X X X use ARB version SGIS_texture_lod X X 1.2 functionality SGIX_depth_texture em X SGIX_shadow em X WGL_ARB_buffer_region X X X Win32 WGL_ARB_extensions_string X X X Win32 WGL_ARB_pixel_format R10 R10 X X Win32 WGL_ARB_pbuffer R10 R10 X Win32 WGL_EXT_extensions_string X X X Win32 WGL_EXT_swap_control X X X Win32 WIN_swap_hint X X X X Win32 4 NVIDIA OpenGL Extension Specifications Table of NVIDIA OpenGL Extension Support Key for table entries: X = supported sw = supported by software rasterization (expect poor performance) em = like sw, but only supported when “NV20 emulate” mode is enabled using Release 10 R10 = introduced in the Release 10 OpenGL driver (not supported by earlier drivers) Warning: The extension support columns are based on the latest & greatest NVIDIA driver release (unless otherwise noted). Check your GL_EXTENSIONS string with glGetString at run-time to determine the specific supported extensions for a particular driver version. 5 ARB_imaging NVIDIA OpenGL Extension Specifications Name ARB_imaging Name Strings GL_ARB_imaging NOTE: This extension does not have its own specification document, since it has been included in the OpenGL 1.2.1 Specification (downloadable from www.opengl.org). Please refer to the 1.2.1 Specification for more information. 6 NVIDIA OpenGL Extension Specifications ARB_multisample Name ARB_multisample Name Strings GL_ARB_multisample GLX_ARB_multisample WGL_ARB_multisample Status Approved by ARB on 12/8/1999. GLX protocol must still be defined. Version Last Modified Date: December 15, 1999 Author Revision: 0.5 Based on: SGIS_Multisample Specification Date: 1994/11/22 Revision: 1.14 Number ARB Extension #5 Dependencies WGL_EXT_extensions_string is required. WGL_EXT_pixel_format is required. Overview This extension provides a mechanism to antialias all GL primitives: points, lines, polygons, bitmaps, and images. The technique is to sample all primitives multiple times at each pixel. The color sample values are resolved to a single, displayable color each time a pixel is updated, so the antialiasing appears to be automatic at the application level.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Energy-Efficient VLSI Architectures for Next
    UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Los Angeles Energy-Efficient VLSI Architectures for Next- Generation Software-Defined and Cognitive Radios A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in Electrical Engineering by Fang-Li Yuan 2014 c Copyright by Fang-Li Yuan 2014 ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION Energy-Efficient VLSI Architectures for Next- Generation Software-Defined and Cognitive Radios by Fang-Li Yuan Doctor of Philosophy in Electrical Engineering University of California, Los Angeles, 2014 Professor Dejan Markovic,´ Chair Dedicated radio hardware is no longer promising as it was in the past. Today, the support of diverse standards dictates more flexible solutions. Software-defined radio (SDR) provides the flexibility by replacing dedicated blocks (i.e. ASICs) with more general processors to adapt to various functions, standards and even allow mutable de- sign changes. However, such replacement generally incurs significant efficiency loss in circuits, hindering its feasibility for energy-constrained devices. The capability of dy- namic and blind spectrum analysis, as featured in the cognitive radio (CR) technology, makes chip implementation even more challenging. This work discusses several design techniques to achieve near-ASIC energy effi- ciency while providing the flexibility required by software-defined and cognitive radios. The algorithm-architecture co-design is used to determine domain-specific dataflow ii structures to achieve the right balance between energy efficiency and flexibility. The flexible instruction-set-architecture (ISA), the multi-scale interconnects, and the multi- core dynamic scheduling are also proposed to reduce the energy overhead. We demon- strate these concepts on two real-time blind classification chips for CR spectrum anal- ysis, as well as a 16-core processor for baseband SDR signal processing.
    [Show full text]
  • Relief Texture Mapping
    Advanced Texturing Environment Mapping Environment Mapping ° reflections Environment Mapping ° orientation ° Environment Map View point Environment Mapping ° ° ° Environment Map View point Environment Mapping ° Can be an “effect” ° Usually means: “fake reflection” ° Can be a “technique” (i.e., GPU feature) ° Then it means: “2D texture indexed by a 3D orientation” ° Usually the index vector is the reflection vector ° But can be anything else that’s suitable! ° Increased importance for modern GI Environment Mapping ° Uses texture coordinate generation, multi-texturing, new texture targets… ° Main task ° Map all 3D orientations to a 2D texture ° Independent of application to reflections Sphere Cube Dual paraboloid Top top Top Left Front Right Left Front Right Back left front right Bottom Bottom Back bottom Cube Mapping ° OpenGL texture targets Top Left Front Right Back Bottom glTexImage2D( GL_TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP_POSITIVE_X , 0, GL_RGB8, w, h, 0, GL_RGB, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, face_px ); Cube Mapping ° Cube map accessed via vectors expressed as 3D texture coordinates (s, t, r) +t +s -r Cube Mapping ° 3D 2D projection done by hardware ° Highest magnitude component selects which cube face to use (e.g., -t) ° Divide other components by this, e.g.: s’ = s / -t r’ = r / -t ° (s’, r’) is in the range [-1, 1] ° remap to [0,1] and select a texel from selected face ° Still need to generate useful texture coordinates for reflections Cube Mapping ° Generate views of the environment ° One for each cube face ° 90° view frustum ° Use hardware render to texture
    [Show full text]
  • Shippensburg University Investment Management Program
    Shippensburg University Investment Management Program Hold NVIDIA Corp. (NASDAQ: NVDA) 11.03.2020 Current Price Fair Value 52 Week Range $501.36 $300 $180.68 - 589.07 Analyst: Valentina Alonso Key Stock Statistics Email: [email protected] Sector: Information Technology Revenue (TTM) $13.06B Stock Type: Large Growth Operating Margin (TTM) 28.56% Industry: Semiconductors and Semiconductors Equipment Market Cap: $309.697B Net Income (TTM) $3.39B EPS (TTM) $5.44 Operating Cash Flow (TTM) $5.58B Free Cash Flow (TTM) $3.67B Return on Assets (TTM) 11.67% Return on Equity (TTM) 27.94% P/E $92.59 Company overview P/B $22.32 Nvidia is the leading designer of graphics processing units that P/S $23.29 enhance the experience on computing platforms. The firm's chips are used in a variety of end markets, including high-end PCs for gaming, P/FCF 44.22 data centers, and automotive infotainment systems. In recent years, the firm has broadened its focus from traditional PC graphics Beta (5-Year) 1.54 applications such as gaming to more complex and favorable Dividend Yield 0.13% opportunities, including artificial intelligence and autonomous driving, which leverage the high-performance capabilities of the Projected 5 Year Growth 17.44% firm's graphics processing units. (per annum) Contents Executive Summary ....................................................................................................................................................3 Company Overview ....................................................................................................................................................4
    [Show full text]
  • Manycore GPU Architectures and Programming, Part 1
    Lecture 19: Manycore GPU Architectures and Programming, Part 1 Concurrent and Mul=core Programming CSE 436/536, [email protected] www.secs.oakland.edu/~yan 1 Topics (Part 2) • Parallel architectures and hardware – Parallel computer architectures – Memory hierarchy and cache coherency • Manycore GPU architectures and programming – GPUs architectures – CUDA programming – Introduc?on to offloading model in OpenMP and OpenACC • Programming on large scale systems (Chapter 6) – MPI (point to point and collec=ves) – Introduc?on to PGAS languages, UPC and Chapel • Parallel algorithms (Chapter 8,9 &10) – Dense matrix, and sorng 2 Manycore GPU Architectures and Programming: Outline • Introduc?on – GPU architectures, GPGPUs, and CUDA • GPU Execuon model • CUDA Programming model • Working with Memory in CUDA – Global memory, shared and constant memory • Streams and concurrency • CUDA instruc?on intrinsic and library • Performance, profiling, debugging, and error handling • Direc?ve-based high-level programming model – OpenACC and OpenMP 3 Computer Graphics GPU: Graphics Processing Unit 4 Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) Image: h[p://www.ntu.edu.sg/home/ehchua/programming/opengl/CG_BasicsTheory.html 5 Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) • Enriching user visual experience • Delivering energy-efficient compung • Unlocking poten?als of complex apps • Enabling Deeper scien?fic discovery 6 What is GPU Today? • It is a processor op?mized for 2D/3D graphics, video, visual compu?ng, and display. • It is highly parallel, highly multhreaded mulprocessor op?mized for visual
    [Show full text]
  • Generating Real Time Reflections by Ray Tracing Approximate Geometry
    Generating Real Time Reflections by Ray Tracing Approximate Geometry Master’s thesis in Interaction Design and Technologies JOHAN FREDRIKSSON, ADAM SCOTT Department of Interaction Design and Technologies CHALMERS UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY Gothenburg, Sweden 2016 Master’s thesis 2016:123 Generating Real Time Reflections by Ray Tracing Approximate Geometry JOHAN FREDRIKSSON, ADAM SCOTT Department of Computer Science Division of Interaction Design and Technologies Chalmers University of Technology Gothenburg, Sweden 2016 Generating Real Time Reflections by Ray Tracing Approximate Geometry JOHAN FREDRIKSSON, ADAM SCOTT © JOHAN FREDRIKSSON, ADAM SCOTT, 2016. Supervisor: Erik Sintorn, Computer Graphics Examiner: Staffan Björk, Interaction Design and Technologies Master’s Thesis 2016:123 Department of Computer Science Division of Interaction Design and Technologies Chalmers University of Technology SE-412 96 Gothenburg Cover: BVH encapsulating approximate geometry created in the Frostbite engine. Typeset in LATEX Gothenburg, Sweden 2016 iii Generating Real Time Reflections by Ray Tracing Approximated Geometry Johan Fredriksson, Adam Scott Department of Interaction Design and Technologies Chalmers University of Technology Abstract Rendering reflections in real time is important for realistic modern games. A com- mon way to provide reflections is by using environment mapping. This method is not an accurate way to calculate reflections and it consumes a lot of memory space. We propose a method of ray tracing approximate geometry in real time. By using approximate geometry it can be kept simple and the size of the bounding volume hierarchy will have a lower memory impact. The ray tracing is performed on the GPU and the bounding volumes are pre built on the CPU using surface area heuris- tics.
    [Show full text]
  • Lecture: Manycore GPU Architectures and Programming, Part 1
    Lecture: Manycore GPU Architectures and Programming, Part 1 CSCE 569 Parallel Computing Department of Computer Science and Engineering Yonghong Yan [email protected] https://passlab.github.io/CSCE569/ 1 Manycore GPU Architectures and Programming: Outline • Introduction – GPU architectures, GPGPUs, and CUDA • GPU Execution model • CUDA Programming model • Working with Memory in CUDA – Global memory, shared and constant memory • Streams and concurrency • CUDA instruction intrinsic and library • Performance, profiling, debugging, and error handling • Directive-based high-level programming model – OpenACC and OpenMP 2 Computer Graphics GPU: Graphics Processing Unit 3 Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) Image: http://www.ntu.edu.sg/home/ehchua/programming/opengl/CG_BasicsTheory.html 4 Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) • Enriching user visual experience • Delivering energy-efficient computing • Unlocking potentials of complex apps • Enabling Deeper scientific discovery 5 What is GPU Today? • It is a processor optimized for 2D/3D graphics, video, visual computing, and display. • It is highly parallel, highly multithreaded multiprocessor optimized for visual computing. • It provide real-time visual interaction with computed objects via graphics images, and video. • It serves as both a programmable graphics processor and a scalable parallel computing platform. – Heterogeneous systems: combine a GPU with a CPU • It is called as Many-core 6 Graphics Processing Units (GPUs): Brief History GPU Computing General-purpose computing on graphics processing units (GPGPUs) GPUs with programmable shading Nvidia GeForce GE 3 (2001) with programmable shading DirectX graphics API OpenGL graphics API Hardware-accelerated 3D graphics S3 graphics cards- single chip 2D accelerator Atari 8-bit computer IBM PC Professional Playstation text/graphics chip Graphics Controller card 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 Source of information http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphics_Processing_Unit 7 NVIDIA Products • NVIDIA Corp.
    [Show full text]
  • Brno University of Technology Rendering Of
    BRNO UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY VYSOKÉ UČENÍ TECHNICKÉ V BRNĚ FACULTY OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY FAKULTA INFORMAČNÍCH TECHNOLOGIÍ DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER GRAPHICS AND MULTIMEDIA ÚSTAV POČÍTAČOVÉ GRAFIKY A MULTIMÉDIÍ RENDERING OF NONPLANAR MIRRORS ZOBRAZOVÁNÍ POKŘIVENÝCH ZRCADEL MASTER’S THESIS DIPLOMOVÁ PRÁCE AUTHOR Bc. MILOSLAV ČÍŽ AUTOR PRÁCE SUPERVISOR Ing. TOMÁŠ MILET VEDOUCÍ PRÁCE BRNO 2017 Abstract This work deals with the problem of accurately rendering mirror reflections on curved surfaces in real-time. While planar mirrors do not pose a problem in this area, non-planar surfaces are nowadays rendered mostly using environment mapping, which is a method of approximating the reflections well enough for the human eye. However, this approach may not be suitable for applications such as CAD systems. Accurate mirror reflections can be rendered with ray tracing methods, but not in real-time and therefore without offering interactivity. This work examines existing approaches to the problem and proposes a new algorithm for computing accurate mirror reflections in real-time using accelerated searching for intersections with depth profile stored in cubemap textures. This algorithm has been implemented using OpenGL and tested on different platforms. Abstrakt Tato práce se zabývá problémem přesného zobrazování zrcadlových odrazů na zakřiveném povrchu v reálném čase. Zatímco planární zrcadla nepředstavují v tomto ohledu problém, zakřivené povrchy se v dnešní době zobrazují především metodou environment mapping, která aproximuje reálné odrazy a nabízí výsledky uspokojivé pro lidské oko. Tento přístup však nemusí být vhodný např. v oblasti CAD systémů. Přesných zrcadlových odrazů se dá dosáhnout pomocí metod sledování paprsku, avšak ne v reálném čase a tudíž bez možnosti interaktivity.
    [Show full text]
  • Cuda-Gdb Cuda Debugger
    CUDA-GDB CUDA DEBUGGER DU-05227-042 _v5.0 | October 2012 User Manual TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter 1. Introduction.........................................................................................1 1.1 What is CUDA-GDB?...................................................................................... 1 1.2 Supported Features...................................................................................... 1 1.3 About This Document.................................................................................... 2 Chapter 2. Release Notes...................................................................................... 3 Chapter 3. Getting Started.....................................................................................6 3.1 Installation Instructions..................................................................................6 3.2 Setting Up the Debugger Environment................................................................6 3.2.1 Linux...................................................................................................6 3.2.2 Mac OS X............................................................................................. 6 3.2.3 Temporary Directory................................................................................ 7 3.3 Compiling the Application...............................................................................8 3.3.1 Debug Compilation.................................................................................. 8 3.3.2 Compiling for Fermi GPUs........................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • 235-242.Pdf (449.2Kb)
    Eurographics/ IEEE-VGTC Symposium on Visualization (2007) Ken Museth, Torsten Möller, and Anders Ynnerman (Editors) Hardware-accelerated Stippling of Surfaces derived from Medical Volume Data Alexandra Baer Christian Tietjen Ragnar Bade Bernhard Preim Department of Simulation and Graphics Otto-von-Guericke University of Magdeburg, Germany {abaer|tietjen|rbade|preim}@isg.cs.uni-magdeburg.de Abstract We present a fast hardware-accelerated stippling method which does not require any preprocessing for placing points on surfaces. The surfaces are automatically parameterized in order to apply stippling textures without ma- jor distortions. The mapping process is guided by a decomposition of the space in cubes. Seamless scaling with a constant density of points is realized by subdividing and summarizing cubes. Our mip-map technique enables ar- bitrarily scaling with one texture. Different shading tones and scales are facilitated by adhering to the constraints of tonal art maps. With our stippling technique, it is feasible to encode all scaling and brightness levels within one self-similar texture. Our method is applied to surfaces extracted from (segmented) medical volume data. The speed of the stippling process enables stippling for several complex objects simultaneously. We consider applica- tion scenarios in intervention planning (neck and liver surgery planning). In these scenarios, object recognition (shape perception) is supported by adding stippling to semi-transparently shaded objects which are displayed as context information. Categories and Subject Descriptors (according to ACM CCS): I.3.7 [Computer Graphics]: Three-Dimensional Graphics and Realism -Color, shading, shadowing, and texture 1. Introduction from breathing, pulsation or patient movement. Without a well-defined curvature field, hatching may be misleading by The effective visualization of complex anatomic surfaces is a emphasizing erroneous features of the surfaces.
    [Show full text]
  • GPU Architecture:Architecture: Implicationsimplications && Trendstrends
    GPUGPU Architecture:Architecture: ImplicationsImplications && TrendsTrends DavidDavid Luebke,Luebke, NVIDIANVIDIA ResearchResearch Beyond Programmable Shading: In Action GraphicsGraphics inin aa NutshellNutshell • Make great images – intricate shapes – complex optical effects – seamless motion • Make them fast – invent clever techniques – use every trick imaginable – build monster hardware Eugene d’Eon, David Luebke, Eric Enderton In Proc. EGSR 2007 and GPU Gems 3 …… oror wewe couldcould justjust dodo itit byby handhand Perspective study of a chalice Paolo Uccello, circa 1450 Beyond Programmable Shading: In Action GPU Evolution - Hardware 1995 1999 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006-2007 NV1 GeForce 256 GeForce4 GeForce FX GeForce 6 GeForce 7 GeForce 8 1 Million 22 Million 63 Million 130 Million 222 Million 302 Million 754 Million Transistors Transistors Transistors Transistors Transistors Transistors Transistors 20082008 GeForceGeForce GTX GTX 200200 1.41.4 BillionBillion TransistorsTransistors Beyond Programmable Shading: In Action GPUGPU EvolutionEvolution -- ProgrammabilityProgrammability ? Future: CUDA, DX11 Compute, OpenCL CUDA (PhysX, RT, AFSM...) 2008 - Backbreaker DX10 Geo Shaders 2007 - Crysis DX9 Prog Shaders 2004 – Far Cry DX7 HW T&L DX8 Pixel Shaders 1999 – Test Drive 6 2001 – Ballistics TheThe GraphicsGraphics PipelinePipeline Vertex Transform & Lighting Triangle Setup & Rasterization Texturing & Pixel Shading Depth Test & Blending Framebuffer Beyond Programmable Shading: In Action TheThe GraphicsGraphics PipelinePipeline Vertex Transform
    [Show full text]
  • 2.5D 3D Axis-Aligned Bounding Box (AABB) Albedo Alpha Blending
    This page is dedicated to describing the commonly used terms when working with CRYENGINE V. As a use case, you may find yourself asking questions like "What is a Brush", "What is a Component", or Overview | Sections | # | A | B | C | D | E "What is POM?", this page will highlight and provide descriptions for those types of questions and more. | F | G | H | I | J | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R Once you have an understanding of what each term means, links are provided for more documentation | S | T | V | Y | Z and guidance on working with them. 2.5D Used to describe raycasting engines, such as Doom or Duke Nukem. The maps are generally drawn as 2D bitmaps with height properties but when rendered gives the appearance of being 3D. 3D Refers to the ability to move in the X, Y and Z axis and also rotate around the X, Y, and Z axes. Axis-aligned Bounding Box A form of a bounding box where the box is aligned to the axis therefore only two points in space are (AABB) needed to define it. AABB’s are much faster to use, and take up less memory, but are very limited in the sense that they can only be aligned to the axis. Albedo An albedo is a physical measure of a material’s reflectivity, generally across the visible spectrum of light. An albedo texture simulates a surface albedo as opposed to explicitly defining a colour for it. Alpha Blending Assigning varying levels of translucency to graphical objects, allowing the creation of things such as glass, fog, and ghosts.
    [Show full text]
  • Real-Time Recursive Specular Reflections on Planar and Curved Surfaces Using Graphics Hardware
    REAL-TIME RECURSIVE SPECULAR REFLECTIONS ON PLANAR AND CURVED SURFACES USING GRAPHICS HARDWARE Kasper Høy Nielsen Niels Jørgen Christensen Informatics and Mathematical Modelling The Technical University of Denmark DK 2800 Lyngby, Denmark {khn,njc}@imm.dtu.dk ABSTRACT Real-time rendering of recursive reflections have previously been done using different techniques. How- ever, a fast unified approach for capturing recursive reflections on both planar and curved surfaces, as well as glossy reflections and interreflections between such primitives, have not been described. This paper describes a framework for efficient simulation of recursive specular reflections in scenes containing both planar and curved surfaces. We describe and compare two methods that utilize texture mapping and en- vironment mapping, while having reasonable memory requirements. The methods are texture-based to allow for the simulation of glossy reflections using image-filtering. We show that the methods can render recursive reflections in static and dynamic scenes in real-time on current consumer graphics hardware. The methods make it possible to obtain a realism close to ray traced images at interactive frame rates. Keywords: Real-time rendering, recursive specular reflections, texture, environment mapping. 1 INTRODUCTION mapped surface sees the exact same surroundings re- gardless of its position. Static precalculated environ- Mirror-like reflections are known from ray tracing, ment maps can be used to create the notion of reflec- where shiny objects seem to reflect the surrounding tion on shiny objects. However, for modelling reflec- environment. Rays are continuously traced through tions similar to ray tracing, reflections should capture the scene by following reflected rays recursively un- the actual synthetic environment as accurately as pos- til a certain depth is reached, thereby capturing both sible, while still being feasible for interactive render- reflections and interreflections.
    [Show full text]