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Unique Identification

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Unique Identification Unique identification Dr Heiner Lehr [email protected] Identification • Unique identification is one of the key principles required for chain food information management – Food being globally traded requires globally unique identification – Local identification for products, traceable units (such as product instances), logistic units, business sites etc is not globally unique • Currently no globally unique identification products are available free of charge Various sources. Do not copy. 2 Biggest challenge - identification Same production run Production Same date/time Same raw materials Same number on all? Batch 112 Batch 112 Batch 112 Batch 112 Batch 112 Batch 112 Batch 112 Batch 112 Batch 112 Shipping Batch 112 Batch 112 Batch 112 Batch 112 Petter Olsen 05/02/07 - © Fiskeriforskning - May be copied if source is acknowledged What’s the problem? Batch 112 Batch 112 Batch 112 Petter Olsen 05/02/07 - © Fiskeriforskning - May be copied if source is acknowledged My box has the number 112 on it ... • Where was this box on October 12th 2005 at 14.00? • What is the highest temperature this box has ever been subjected to? • I have taken some sample tests of the contents of this box. How do I record the fact that the samples were taken from this exact box, and not from any of the other boxes identified in the same way? • I have another box that also is identified by the number 112. Did those two boxes take the same route to get to me? Various sources. Do not copy. 5 ISO15459 • ISO 15459 regulates globally unique identification and has a register of entities that may issue globally unique identifiers • Scope: – ISO/IEC 15459 (part 3) specifies a unique, non-significant, identifier for products and/or items, represented in a bar code label or other ADC media attached to or incorporated into the item to meet these needs, and known as the UID. Various sources. Do not copy. 6 The unique item identification A UID: a) shall start with a string of characters, the issuing agency code (IAC), assigned to the issuing agency by the Registration Authority; b) shall conform to a format specified by the issuing agency; c) shall be unique in the sense that no issuer re-issues a number until a sufficient period of time has passed so that the first number has ceased to be of significance to any user responsible to the issuing agency; d) shall not contain more than 50 characters, exclusive of identifiers and overhead characters; e) shall conform to the semantic rules of ISO/IEC 15418; f) shall conform to the syntax rules of ISO/IEC 15434 when encoded in a high capacity medium; g) shall contain only numeric and upper case alphabetic characters drawn from ISO/IEC 646 (not including lower case characters, special characters or punctuation marks), e.g.: 655-9…………..would become………6559 24-86-2S……… would become………24862S 84/XPG………..would become………84XPG MP 15 86-G…...would become………MP1586G 92.885*BK……..would become………92885BK Various sources. Do not copy. 7 REGISTER of ISSUING AGENCY CODES for ISO/IEC 15459 IAC Organisation IAC Organisation 0-9 GS1 LH European Health Industry Business Communications D NSPA (NATO Support Agency) Council LM Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson GH Ghana Revenue Authority LN ABOL SOFTWARE INC. KDK Danish Defence Acquisition and Logistics Organization ND DHL Freight GmbH (DALO) NL Koninklijke TNT POST KKR Korea Institute of Distribution and Logistics (KIDL) OD ODETTE EUROPE LA Japan Information processing Development QC European Chemical Industry Council Corporation/Electronic Commerce Promotion Center RG Xifrat Daten A.G. LB Telcordia Technologies, Inc. RH Health Industry Business Comm. Council SI SIEMENS LD Department of Defense - Defence Logistics ST European Confederation of Iron and Steel Industries Information Service LE Electronic Data Interchange for Companies with UN Dun & Bradstreet Interest in Computing and Electronics VEC ECRI LF International Federation of Freight Forwarders VGT Group of Terrestrial Freight Forwarders Associations VIB IBM VTD Teikoku Databank Ltd. …and others. See latest version Various sources. Do not copy. 8 Significant or non-significant? Non-significant codes RG8-COMPANYA-12312-0 Requires lookup for information District Location Significant codes RG8-VNBTAW2A-A1-2DG-0 Vietnam Business site Bin Tre province Various sources. Do not copy. 9 Significant or non-significant? Significant Non-significant • Advantages • Advantages – Contain human accessible – Very flexible information – Easy to protect – Can be used for fast – Very IT friendly processing • Disadvantages • Disadvantages – Rigid system not easy to – Needs lookup tables adapt to new requirements – Typically requires IT system – Needs more digits because of – Easier to make errors when code segmentation transcribing Various sources. Do not copy. 10 What needs to be identified? Source: GS1 Global Traceability Standard. GS1 Source: Global Traceability Various sources. Do not copy. 11 Types of traceable items • A traceable item may be a – Shipment • May contain one or more logistics unit(s) – Logistics unit • May contain other logistics unit(s) • May contain one or more trade item(s) • May be a trade item • Trade item – Trade item – Batch / Lot of trade items – Serialized trade item • Any item that traceability partners agree is a traceable item Various sources. Do not copy. 12 IDENTITY PROVIDER: GS1 Various sources. Do not copy. 13 Global Standard One • GS1 offers a unique identification products. It enables data collection via barcode formats, concepts for labels and EPC/RFID and allows its user to share information via EPC Information Services and Electronic Trade. • It is the world’s largest provider of identification systems used in retail and distribution, but has a much smaller market share in primary production. • GS1 is a membership organisation where members have to sign up and pay a country-dependent fee. Not all countries have a local organisation and these are sometimes managed by neighbouring countries or by the head-office in Brussels. The distributed nature of the organisation makes sharing of experiences, in particular in smallholder identification, sometimes difficult. • GS1 is a recognised Issuing Agency under ISO15459 Various sources. Do not copy. 14 GS1 provides identities for • Product type • [Product instance (batch, item)] • Trade Unit • Logistic Unit • Returnable and individual assets • Location • Shipment • [Business relationship] Various sources. Do not copy. 15 GS1 identity products and their precision Source: GS1 Global Traceability Standard. GS1 Source: Global Traceability Various sources. Do not copy. 16 Global Trade Item Number (GTIN) • The GS1 Identification Key used to identify trade items. The key is comprised of a GS1 Company Prefix followed by an Item Reference Number and a Check Digit. Online check digit calculator Various sources. Do not copy. 17 Global Trade Item Number (GTIN) Type Global Trade Item Number (GTIN) T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T6 T7 T8 T9 T10 T11 T12 T13 T14 GTIN-14 N1 N2 N3 N4 N5 N6 N7 N8 N9 N10 N11 N12 N13 N14 GTIN-13 0 N1 N2 N3 N4 N5 N6 N7 N8 N9 N10 N11 N12 N13 GTIN-12 0 0 N1 N2 N3 N4 N5 N6 N7 N8 N9 N10 N11 N12 GTIN-8 0 0 0 0 0 0 N1 N2 N3 N4 N5 N6 N7 N8 Retail Example retail: GTIN-13 in an EAN-13 bar code Items not intended for retail sale (cases and pallets of product), may use the above or alternatively may use GTIN-14 and may be encoded in ITF-14, GS1-128, GS1DataBar, or GS1 DataMatrix bar codes, and EPC RFID tags. Various sources. Do not copy. 18 Application identifiers • GS1 Application Identifiers (AIs) are a finite set of defined identifiers used to connect physical things and logical things to information or business messages related to them • There are more than 100 AIs • Each Application Identifier has a two, three, or four digit numeric Prefix in front of the data to tell what the data means. For example, the AI for Serial Shipping Container Code (SSCC) is (00) and for : Global Trade Item Number (GTIN) it is (01) • More than one AI can be carried in one bar code. • Each bar code has a corresponding text line for the encoded AI(s). The AI Prefixes appear in parentheses - e.g., GTIN (01)10614141000019 Various sources. Do not copy. 19 Application identifiers Application AI Identification of a Logistic Unit AI (00) Identification of a Trade Item (GTIN) AI (01) Identification of Trade Items Contained in a AI (02) Logistic Unit Batch or Lot Number AI (10) Production Date AI (11) • This example shows a GTIN with Due Date for Amount on Payment Slip AI (12) additional information added by the Packaging Date AI (13) use of GS1 Application Identifiers. Best Before Date AI (15) • Fixed length AIs come first, then Expiration Date AI (17) variable length AIs …many more… The example includes GTIN, Expiration date and Lot code Various sources. Do not copy. 20 Databar Various sources. Do not copy. 21 Databar • Encodes a Global Trade Item Number (GTIN) and AI’s (Application Identifiers) – 5 Symbologies encode GTIN only – 2 Symbologies encode GTIN plus additional AI’s • GS1 DataBar holds a 14-digit number • GS1 DataBar can carry GTIN-12, GTIN-13 & GTIN-14 • GS1 DataBar scanned at Retail Point-of-Sale (POS) encodes a GTIN-12 or GTIN-13 • GS1 DataBar scanned in General Distribution encodes a GTIN-12, GTIN-13 or GTIN-14 Various sources. Do not copy. 22 Example Databar: Féile foods • The DataBar contains the following GS1 Application Identifiers: – (01) GTIN – (10) Batch Code – (3922) Price – (3103) Weight – (17) Expiry date Source GS1 Ireland Various sources. Do not copy. 23 Advantages • The combination of a full
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