Ars Subtilior in Organ Playing C.1380–1420 Another Glimpse Into a Late Medieval Unwritten Performance Practice
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The Liturgical Function of French Baroque Organ Repertoire Aaron James the University of Western Ontario
Nota Bene: Canadian Undergraduate Journal of Musicology Volume 1 | Issue 1 Article 7 The Liturgical Function of French Baroque Organ Repertoire Aaron James The University of Western Ontario Recommended Citation James, Aaron (2008) " he Liturgical Function of French Baroque Organ Repertoire," Nota Bene: Canadian Undergraduate Journal of Musicology: Vol. 1: Iss. 1, Article 7. The Liturgical Function of French Baroque Organ Repertoire Aaron James Year III - The University of Western Ontario The historical association of the organ with Christian church services means that much of the instrument’s repertoire was originally intended to serve a functional, liturgical purpose. Indeed, isolated from its contemporaneous liturgical context, some historical organ repertoire may appear to the modern musician as “unintelligible” and “much…less rich in significance.” 1 The extant repertoire from seventeenth- and eighteenth-century France is particularly extensive and provides a ready example. In contrast to modern practice, in which the organ generally accompanies congregational singing, the liturgy of this period alternated unaccompanied singing with short versets played by the organist. This meant that a liturgical chant such as the Kyrie of the Mass Ordinary would be split into several sections, with even-numbered sections being sung by the choir and the remaining ones being replaced by organ versets. This practice seems strange from a modern perspective; it meant that lengthy and theologically important sections of text would not be heard, since instrumental music was played instead. However, this 1 Edward Higginbottom, “Organ music and the liturgy,” in The Cambridge Companion to the Organ , edited by Nicholas Thistlethwaite and Geoffrey Webber (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998), 130. -
02 Chapter 1 Stoessel
Prologue La harpe de melodie faite saunz mirancholie par plaisir doit bien cescun resjorr pour l'armonie orr, sonner et vei'r. J With the prior verses begins one of the most fascinating musical works in the ars subtilior style, composed by the master musician Jacob de Senleches. This composer, as his name suggests, was a native of northern France whose scant biographical details indicate he was a valued musician at courts in the south at Castile, Navarre and possibly Avignon.2 La harpe de melodie typifies several aspects of the present study. Firstly, its presence in a n1anuscripe copied in the city of Pavia in Lombardy indicates the cultivation of ostensibly French music in the ars subtilior style in northern Italy. Secondly, its musical notation contains novel, experimental notational devices and note shapes that parallel intellectual developments in other fields of culture in this period. I "The melodious harp made without melancholy to please, well may each person rejoice to hear, sing and hear its harmony." (All translations are mine, unless otherwise specified.) 2 The conclusion that Jacob de Senleches was a native of northern France is made on the premise that Senleches is the near-homophone of Senlecques, a village just south of Calais in the County of Artois. The only surviving archival evidence concerning Jacob de Senleches consists of a dispensation made at the Court of Navarre by Charles II of Navarre on 21 sl August, 1383 which speCifies: ... 100 libras a Jacomill de Sen/aches, juglar de harpe, para regresar a donde se encontraba el cardenal de Aragon, su maestro (" 100 libras for Jacob de Senleches, player of the harp, to return to where he was to meet the Cardinal of Aragon, his master."), Jlid. -
The Baroque Offertoire : Apotheosis of the French Organ Art
The Baroque Offertoire : Apotheosis of the French Organ Art By Copyright 2016 Song Yi Park Submitted to the graduate degree program in Music and the Graduate Faculty of the University of Kansas in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Musical Arts. ________________________________ Chairperson Dr. Michael Bauer ________________________________ Dr. James Higdon ________________________________ Dr. Colin Roust ________________________________ Dr. Bradley Osborn ________________________________ Professor Jerel Hildig Date Defended: November 1, 2016 The Dissertation Committee for Song Yi Park certifies that this is the approved version of the following dissertation: The Baroque Offertoire : Apotheosis of the French Organ Art ________________________________ Chairperson Dr. Michael Bauer Date approved: November 1, 2016 ii Abstract During the French Baroque period, the function of the organ was primarily to serve the liturgy. It was an integral part of both Mass and the office of Vespers. Throughout these liturgies the organ functioned in alteration with vocal music, including Gregorian chant, choral repertoire, and fauxbourdon. The longest, most glorious organ music occurred at the time of the offertory of the Mass. The Offertoire was the place where French composers could develop musical ideas over a longer stretch of time and use the full resources of the French Classic Grand jeu , the most colorful registration on the French Baroque organ. This document will survey Offertoire movements by French Baroque composers. I will begin with an introductory discussion of the role of the offertory in the Mass and the alternatim plan in use during the French Baroque era. Following this I will look at the tonal resources of the French organ as they are incorporated into French Offertoire movements. -
The Influence of Plainchant on French Organ Music After the Revolution
Technological University Dublin ARROW@TU Dublin Doctoral Applied Arts 2013-8 The Influence of Plainchant on rF ench Organ Music after the Revolution David Connolly Technological University Dublin Follow this and additional works at: https://arrow.tudublin.ie/appadoc Part of the Musicology Commons Recommended Citation Connolly, D. (2013) The Influence of Plainchant on rF ench Organ Music after the Revolution. Doctoral Thesis. Dublin, Technological University Dublin. doi:10.21427/D76S34 This Theses, Ph.D is brought to you for free and open access by the Applied Arts at ARROW@TU Dublin. It has been accepted for inclusion in Doctoral by an authorized administrator of ARROW@TU Dublin. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 4.0 License The Influence of Plainchant on French Organ Music after the Revolution David Connolly, BA, MA, HDip.Ed Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Music Dublin Institute of Technology Conservatory of Music and Drama Supervisor: Dr David Mooney Conservatory of Music and Drama August 2013 i I certify that this thesis which I now submit for examination for the award of Doctor of Philosophy in Music, is entirely my own work and has not been taken from the work of others, save and to the extent that such work has been cited and acknowledged within the text of my work. This thesis was prepared according to the regulations for postgraduate study by research of the Dublin Institute of Technology and has not been submitted in whole or in part for another award in any other third level institution. -
Introduction to Instalment 2
89 INTRODUCTION TO INSTALMENT 2 This instalment of the Trent 91 edition concentrates on functional chant settings, most of which are probably the work of the ‘chief mind’ of the Trent 91 paraphrase collection. The Dedication Propers (nos 22-27) are similar to the Salve festa dies and Sedit angelus settings given in my previous editions: the Superius-based chant is barely elaborated at all except at cadence-points. But the Dedication Propers tend to have dispensable Contra primus voices, and in other instances amongst these settings the Contra primus is almost dispensable. This leads me to the suspicion that these pieces might have been mostly worked out in three- voice form before the fourth parts were added. The Gradual, Alleluia and Offertory settings (nos 23, 24 and 26) are notably extended, with devices such as faster-moving lower voices and lower-voice motivic imitation enriching the texture (although some of this imitation might be fortuitous, given the way that the four-part texture may have been created). Also, the way in which the fourth part has been added sometimes creates diminished fifths (see no. 26, 106-108 and no. 27 at 6). Little more need be said about these settings except that their similarity and their copying together in Trent 91 are persuasive that they were a specially composed set, even if they are slightly disordered in the manuscript. Perhaps the stylistically similar Dedication hymn setting (no. 28) was also part of this set. A longish search through fifteenth-century sources also reveals that these may be the earliest extant complete set of polyphonic Dedication Propers. -
Some Historical Perspectives on the Monteverdi Vespers
CHAPTER V SOME HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVES ON THE MONTEVERDI VESPERS It is one of the paradoxes of musicological research that we generally be- come acquainted with a period, a repertoire, or a style through recognized masterworks that are tacitly or expressly assumed to be representative, Yet a masterpiece, by definition, is unrepresentative, unusual, and beyond the scope of ordinary musical activity. A more thorough and realistic knowledge of music history must come from a broader and deeper ac- quaintance with its constituent elements than is provided by a limited quan- tity of exceptional composers and works. Such an expansion of the range of our historical research has the advan- tage not only of enhancing our understanding of a given topic, but also of supplying the basis for comparison among those works and artists who have faded into obscurity and the few composers and masterpieces that have sur- vived to become the primary focus of our attention today. Only in relation to lesser efforts can we fully comprehend the qualities that raise the master- piece above the common level. Only by comparison can we learn to what degree the master composer has rooted his creation in contemporary cur- rents, or conversely, to what extent original ideas and techniques are re- sponsible for its special features. Similarly, it is only by means of broader investigations that we can detect what specific historical influence the mas- terwork has had upon contemporaries and younger colleagues, and thereby arrive at judgments about the historical significance of the master com- poser. Despite the obvious importance of systematic comparative studies, our comprehension of many a masterpiece stiIl derives mostly from the artifact itself, resulting inevitably in an incomplete and distorted perspective. -
Lutheran Theological Structure of the Troped Magnificats of Michael Praetorius’S Megalynodia Sionia Adrian D
Nota Bene: Canadian Undergraduate Journal of Musicology Volume 10 Article 2 Issue 1 Current Issue: Volume 10, Issue 1 (2017) In coelo et in terra: Lutheran Theological Structure of the Troped Magnificats of Michael Praetorius’s Megalynodia Sionia Adrian D. J. Ross University of Toronto Recommended Citation Ross, Adrian D. J. () "In coelo et in terra: Lutheran Theological Structure of theT roped Magnificats of Michael Praetorius’s Megalynodia Sionia," Nota Bene: Canadian Undergraduate Journal of Musicology: Vol. 10: Iss. 1, Article 2. In coelo et in terra: Lutheran Theological Structure of the Troped Magnificats of Michael Praetorius’s Megalynodia Sionia Abstract Michael Praetorius (1571–1621) ranks among the most prolific German musical figures of the seventeenth century. Despite his stature, many of his works, especially his earlier collections, remain largely understudied and underperformed. This paper examines one such early collection, the Megalynodia Sionia, composed in 1602, focussing on the relationship between formal structure of its first three Magnificat settings and the Lutheran theological ideal of uniting the Word of God with music. Structurally, these three Magnificats are distinguished by their interpolation of German chorales within the Latin text. In order to understand his motivations and influences behind the use of this technique unique at the time of composition, the paper explores Praetorius’s religious surroundings in both the personal and civic realms, revealing a strong tradition of orthodox Lutheran theology. To understand the music in light of this religious context, certain orthodox Lutheran liturgical practices are examined, in particular the Vespers service and alternatim, a compositional technique using alternating performing forces which Praetorius used to unite the Latin and German texts. -
Music 10A: Survey of Music Literature John Dornenburg Guidelines For
Music 10A: Survey of Music Literature John Dornenburg Guidelines for Listening Assignments: Extra sheets are in the Listening Lab All blanks must be completed with the following information: Composition No. refers to the number of the example in the Fuller anthology. Title refers to the full name of a given piece of music. Some pieces are simply named by the first words of the text, while others may be distinguished by their opus numbers and/or keys. The Fuller anthology gives titles in boldface type. Composer/Dates: names are underlined in Fuller. If the composer is not known (and you have checked in the notes which follow the example to be sure) the piece should be attributed to Anonymous (or abbreviated to Anon.). Give composer or composition dates. Period: write in the general historic time period in which the example was composed: e.g. Early Medieval, Notre Dame School, 13th Century, Ars Nova, Trecento, Ars Subtilior, Early Renaissance, Early Baroque, etc. Genre refers to the specific musical category illustrated by the example. This is usually indicated in Fuller beneath the piece's title (e.g. organum duplum, votive antiphon, Troubadour song, ballade, chanson, cyclic Mass, motet, chanson, ricercare, cantata, etc.). Sacred means that the music has a religious text. Secular means that the music is not religious. Theme or important features: On the music staff provided you must write in the main theme or important structural feature which identifies the example under study. For example, this should show the tenor and duplum voices in organum, the double leading tone cadence of the Ars Nova, the cantus firmus and head motif in a cyclic mass, or a bit of figured bass in monody. -